Steel-making scattered point dust removal system
By using an infrared transmitter and receiver in conjunction with a programmable controller, the valves and motor frequencies of the scattered dust removal system in steelmaking are automatically adjusted, solving the problems of low control accuracy and high energy consumption caused by manual operation, and realizing automated and efficient dust removal.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520428848.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing scattered dust removal systems in steelmaking rely on manual operation of electric valves and frequency adjustment of the main dust removal motor, resulting in low control accuracy, affecting dust removal efficiency and high energy consumption.
An infrared transmitter and receiver, in conjunction with a programmable controller, are used to control pneumatic valves and frequency converters, thereby achieving automated operation of the dust removal system. The valve opening and closing and motor frequency are automatically adjusted according to the workstation status.
It achieves fully automatic operation of the dust removal system, reduces labor intensity, improves dust removal effect, reduces energy consumption, and avoids problems such as motor overload and low control precision.
Smart Images
Figure CN223932237U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metallurgical environmental protection and dust removal technology, and in particular to a scattered dust removal system for steelmaking. Background Technology
[0002] During the steelmaking process, steel furnaces generate a large amount of dust due to factors such as high temperature, high pressure, and chemical reactions. This dust not only contains metallic elements such as iron and carbon, but may also contain harmful chemical substances such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. If not treated promptly, this dust will pollute the environment and affect the health of employees.
[0003] Steelmaking workshops in iron and steel enterprises include electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking workshops and converter steelmaking workshops. With the advancement of ultra-low emission policies, auxiliary workstations in steelmaking workshops, such as the pouring station, ladle hot repair area, tundish tilting station, ladle cold repair area, and tundish cold repair area, all require the addition of on-site environmental dust removal measures. Following the principle of dust removal system division, the flue gas captured by the dust collectors at these workstations is collected together for purification treatment; this is conventionally referred to as a scattered dust collection system. The dust collection hoods configured at the aforementioned pouring station are fixed hoods.
[0004] The dust collection hoods installed in the aforementioned ladle hot repair area, tundish tilting station, ladle cold repair area, and tundish cold repair area are mobile hoods. When the station (work area) is in production, the mobile hoods are in the production position; when the station (work area) is not in production or when the ladle or tundish is hoisted in or out by an overhead crane, the mobile hoods are in the standby position. The outlet pipes of the hoods in each of the above-mentioned stations (work areas) are equipped with electric valves to control and adjust the dust collection airflow at each station (work area). All of the aforementioned auxiliary stations are in intermittent, non-continuous production stations (work areas). The ladle hot repair station and ladle hot repair area operate once per heat, following the production rhythm; the ladle cold repair area operates twice a week, according to the production rhythm; the tundish tilting station and tundish cold repair area operate once a day. In a scattered dust collection system, the electric valves on the outlet pipes of the collection hoods at each workstation (work area) only need to be opened during production, and the dust collection valves need to be closed after production ends. Since these workstations (work areas) do not operate simultaneously according to the production rhythm, the required dust collection air volume of the scattered dust collection system is constantly changing.
[0005] Currently, scattered dust collection systems mainly rely on operators to manually open and close electric valves and adjust the operating frequency of the main dust collector motor based on the production situation at each workstation (work area) to meet the environmental protection requirements of each position. The disadvantages of manual operation are the inability to operate in a timely manner or the potential for errors. Electric valves have a delay in opening, making it impossible to accurately and promptly control the timing of valve opening. If electric valves are not operated in real time, it can lead to two extreme situations: reduced utilization of environmental protection equipment, inoperability of dust collection facilities at each workstation, or high energy consumption of the dust collection system. Similarly, if the operating frequency of the main dust collector motor is not adjusted in a timely manner, it can lead to two extreme situations: the dust collection system fails to meet the environmental protection requirements of each workstation or has high energy consumption. Therefore, designing a scattered dust collection system for a steelmaking workshop to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is particularly important. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problem that current scattered dust collection systems mainly rely on operators to manually operate electric valves and adjust the operating frequency of the main dust collection motor according to the production situation at the workstation to meet the environmental protection requirements of the job. The disadvantage of manual operation is low control precision, which affects the actual dust collection effect. Therefore, a steelmaking scattered dust collection system is proposed.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a scattered dust removal system for steelmaking, comprising a fixed dust collection hood and a mobile dust collection hood. The applicable work positions of the fixed dust collection hood and the mobile dust collection hood are adaptively selected according to the actual working conditions. The fixed dust collection hood includes a hood body, an infrared transmitter is installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the hood body, and an infrared receiver is installed on the opposite inner wall of the hood body. A crane hook is provided on the right side of the hood body, and a steel ladle is installed on the crane hook. Both the fixed dust collection hood and the mobile dust collection hood are controlled and driven by a programmable controller.
[0008] Preferably, a valve plate is rotatably mounted in the cover, the valve plate is located on the left side of the infrared emitter, and a pneumatic valve is installed on the outer wall of the cover, the output end of the pneumatic valve being connected to the valve plate.
[0009] Preferably, the mobile dust collection hood includes a track on which a mobile hood traveling frame is slidably mounted. The mobile dust collection hood is mounted on the mobile hood traveling frame and a control valve is mounted on the mobile dust collection hood. A proximity switch is mounted on the track. The mobile dust collection hood is driven by the proximity switch transmitting the collected signal to the programmable controller, which then works in conjunction with the other dust removal components on the mobile dust collection hood.
[0010] Preferably, the fixed dust collection hood is driven by the infrared receiver receiving the signal emitted by the infrared transmitter and transmitting it to the programmable controller, which then works in conjunction with the other dust removal components on the fixed dust collection hood.
[0011] Preferably, the programmable controller also drives and controls a frequency converter, a motor, and a fan.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0013] 1. In this utility model, the technical solution adopted in use can realize the fully automatic operation of the scattered dust collection system, especially the dust collection system of each workstation (work area) with intermittent operation. The dust collection valve adopts pneumatic valve, which can realize rapid opening and closing, avoiding the delay in opening that is common in electric valves. The automatic opening and closing of the pneumatic valve greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers in the production position and avoids the occurrence of failure to operate in a timely manner or misoperation. The dust collection main motor automatically changes the frequency according to the different number of dust collection valves working, which can not only reduce the power consumption of the dust collection system, but also enhance the dust collection effect of the dust collection point, and avoid the shortening of the service life of the motor due to overload. The overall structure and spatial layout are reasonable and easy for staff to control and maintain. It solves the problem that the current scattered dust collection system mainly relies on operators to manually open and close the electric valves and adjust the operating frequency of the dust collection main motor according to the production situation of the workstation to meet the environmental protection requirements of the position. The disadvantage of manual operation is low control precision, which affects the actual dust collection effect.
[0014] 2. In this utility model, during use, the programmable controller controls the solenoid valve to close the air circuit and drive the cylinder to move. The pneumatic valve is in the closed state until the programmable controller receives the next signal to trigger the opening of the dust removal valve. For example, when only one pneumatic valve is open in the dust removal system, the main motor automatically reduces the frequency to a frequency (adjustable). When two pneumatic valves are open, it automatically operates at a frequency (adjustable). When three pneumatic valves are open, it automatically operates at a frequency (adjustable), and so on. Different operating frequencies are set according to the number of working dust removal valves. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is the standby state of the fixed dust collection hood in the scattered dust removal system of steelmaking of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 This is the operating state of the fixed dust collection hood in the scattered dust removal system of steelmaking of this utility model;
[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mobile dust collection hood in the scattered dust removal system of steelmaking according to this utility model;
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the valve working principle in the scattered dust removal system of steelmaking according to this utility model;
[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of automatic frequency adjustment of the main motor in the scattered dust removal system for steelmaking of this utility model.
[0020] Legend: 1. Cover; 101. Infrared transmitter; 102. Infrared receiver; 2. Crane hook; 201. Steel ladle; 3. Valve plate; 301. Pneumatic valve; 4. Track; 5. Mobile walking frame; 501. Mobile trapping cover; 502. Control valve; 503. Proximity switch. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0022] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.
[0023] This utility model provides a scattered dust removal system for steelmaking, including a fixed dust collection hood and a mobile dust collection hood. The applicable work positions of the fixed dust collection hood and the mobile dust collection hood are adaptively selected according to the actual working conditions. The fixed dust collection hood includes a hood body 1, an infrared transmitter 101 is installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the hood body 1, and an infrared receiver 102 is installed on the opposite inner wall of the hood body 1. A crane hook 2 is provided on the right side of the hood body 1, and a steel ladle 201 is installed on the crane hook 2. Both the fixed and mobile dust collection hoods are controlled and driven by a programmable logic controller (PLC). A valve plate 3 is rotatably mounted inside the hood 1, located to the left of the infrared transmitter 101. A pneumatic valve 301 is installed on the outer wall of the hood 1, and its output end is connected to the valve plate 3. The fixed dust collection hood is driven by the infrared receiver 102 receiving the signal emitted by the infrared transmitter 101 and transmitting it to the PLC. The PLC then works in conjunction with the other dust removal components on the fixed dust collection hood.
[0024] In actual use, the fixed collection hood of the steelmaking scattered dust removal system works on the following principle: the dust removal pipeline at this station is equipped with a pneumatic valve 301. The cylinder drive of the valve is controlled by a solenoid valve. The control signal of the solenoid valve cannot receive infrared signals normally. Infrared transmitters and receivers are installed on the two retaining walls on the tilting side of the ladle 201 at the pouring station. The station's production process is as follows: When the ladle 201 needs to be poured after casting, the overhead crane moves the ladle 201 to the pouring station. The ladle 201 is slowly rotated downwards via a shaft from a vertical position (0° ladle opening) to a horizontal position (90° ladle opening). As it approaches the slag basin, the ladle 201 continues to rotate downwards (approximately 170° ladle opening) to pour the remaining slag into the slag basin. After pouring, the ladle 201 is adjusted back to a vertical position (0° ladle opening) by rotating in the opposite direction. The overhead crane then moves the ladle 201 out of the pouring station. Before the ladle 201 reaches the pouring station, the infrared receiver receives the signal emitted by the infrared transmitter. At this time, the pneumatic valve 301 remains closed and does not operate. In the closed state; when the ladle 201 reaches the pouring station, because the ladle 201 blocks the transmission path of the infrared light, the infrared receiver cannot receive the signal emitted by the infrared transmitter. The infrared signal that the infrared receiver cannot receive is transmitted as a control signal to the programmable controller. The programmable controller controls the solenoid valve to open the air path and drive the cylinder to act. In turn, the cylinder drives the dust removal valve to open, and the corresponding dust removal pipeline starts negative pressure ventilation to suck up the smoke and dust in the pouring station. When the ladle 201 finishes pouring and leaves the pouring station, the infrared receiver receives the signal emitted by the infrared transmitter. This signal is transmitted as a control signal to the programmable controller. The programmable controller controls the solenoid valve to close the air path and drive the cylinder to act. The pneumatic valve 301 is in the closed state until the programmable controller receives the next signal to trigger the dust removal valve to open. The application of intelligent control systems for dust removal systems enables fully automated operation of scattered dust removal systems, especially for dust removal systems at various workstations (work areas) that operate intermittently. The dust removal valves, using pneumatic valves 301, can be opened and closed quickly, avoiding the delays commonly found in the opening of electric valves. The automatic opening and closing of pneumatic valves 301 greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers in production positions and avoids situations where they cannot operate in a timely manner or are operated incorrectly. The main dust removal motor automatically changes its frequency according to the different number of dust removal valves in operation, which not only reduces the power consumption of the dust removal system but also enhances the dust removal effect at the dust removal points.By transmitting the status (open and closed) signals of the pneumatic valve 301 in the dust removal system to the programmable controller, the programmable controller calculates the number of working dust removal valves in the dust removal system based on the status signals of the pneumatic valve 301, and then realizes the automatic frequency adjustment operation of the main motor. In order to ensure the safe operation of the negative pressure dust removal system, if it is detected that only one dust removal valve is open in the dust removal system, the operator cannot close the dust removal valve. When there are two or more working dust removal valves in the dust removal system, the operator can close the valve. Compared with the conventional manual control method, this avoids the situation of motor overload leading to shortened service life. The overall structure and space layout are reasonable and easy for operators to control and maintain.
[0025] Example 1
[0026] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the mobile dust collection hood includes a track 4, on which a mobile hood travel frame is slidably mounted. A mobile dust collection hood 501 is mounted on the travel frame, and a control valve 502 is mounted on the mobile dust collection hood 501. A proximity switch 503 is mounted on the track 4. The mobile dust collection hood is driven by the proximity switch 503 transmitting the collected signal to a programmable controller (PCC), which then works in conjunction with other dust removal components on the mobile dust collection hood. The PCC also drives and controls a frequency converter, a motor, and a fan.
[0027] The effect achieved by the entire embodiment 1 is that, in use, the actual working principle of the mobile dust collection hood is as follows: the dust collection hoods configured in the hot repair work area of ladle 201, the tundish tilting station, the cold repair work area of ladle 201, and the cold repair work area of tundish are mobile dust collection hoods. The dust collection pipe of the mobile dust collection hood 501 is equipped with a pneumatic valve 301, and a proximity switch 503 is provided at the working position of the mobile hood. Each movable hood's working position corresponds to its respective workstation (work area). When the workstation (work area) is not in production operation, the movable hood is in standby position, and the electric valves of the dust collection pipes of the movable hood 501 in each workstation (work area) are closed. When the ladle 201 or intermediate ladle requiring production operation has been moved to the workstation (work area), the movable hood is moved from the standby position to the workstation (work area) position to begin production operation. When the movable hood is in the workstation (work area) position, the proximity switch 503 transmits a signal to the programmable controller. The programmable controller controls the solenoid valve to open the air circuit, driving the cylinder to actuate. This, in turn, drives the valve to open, and the corresponding dust collection pipe begins negative pressure ventilation, sucking up the dust from the workstation (work area). The dust in the dust removal area; when the moving hood leaves the workstation (work area) position, the proximity switch 503 transmits the corresponding signal to the programmable controller. The programmable controller controls the solenoid valve to close the air circuit and drive the cylinder to move. The pneumatic valve 301 is in the closed state until the programmable controller receives the next signal to trigger the dust removal valve to open. For example, when there is only 1 pneumatic valve 301 open in the dust removal system, the main motor automatically reduces the frequency to a frequency (adjustable). When 2 pneumatic valves 301 are open, it automatically runs at a frequency (adjustable). When 3 pneumatic valves 301 are open, it automatically runs at a frequency (adjustable), and so on. Different operating frequencies are set according to the number of working dust removal valves.
[0028] Working Principle: During operation, when the ladle has not yet reached the pouring position, the infrared receiver receives a signal from the infrared transmitter, and the pneumatic valve remains closed. When the ladle reaches the pouring position, it blocks the infrared transmission path, preventing the receiver from receiving the signal. This unreceived signal is transmitted as a control signal to the programmable logic controller (PLC). The PLC then controls the solenoid valve to open the pneumatic circuit, driving the cylinder to open. This, in turn, opens the dust collection valve, initiating negative pressure ventilation in the corresponding dust collection duct to extract dust from the pouring position. When the ladle has finished pouring and left the pouring position, the infrared receiver receives the signal again, using this signal as a control signal. The signal is transmitted to the programmable controller (PLC). The PLC controls the solenoid valve to close the air passage and drive the cylinder to actuate, keeping the pneumatic valve closed until the PLC receives the next signal to trigger the dust removal valve to open. When the moving hood is at the workstation (work area), the proximity switch transmits a signal to the PLC, which then controls the solenoid valve to open the air passage and drive the cylinder to actuate, thereby opening the valve through the cylinder. The corresponding dust removal duct then begins negative pressure ventilation to suck up the smoke and dust from the workstation (work area). When the moving hood leaves the workstation (work area), the proximity switch transmits a corresponding signal to the PLC, which then controls the solenoid valve to close the air passage and drive the cylinder to actuate, keeping the valve closed until the PLC receives the next signal to trigger the dust removal valve to open.
Claims
1. A scattered dust collection system for steelmaking, comprising a fixed collection hood and a mobile collection hood, characterized in that, The applicable work positions of the fixed and mobile traps are selected according to the actual working conditions. The fixed trap includes a cover (1), an infrared transmitter (101) is installed on the upper end of the inner wall of the cover (1), and an infrared receiver (102) is installed on the inner wall of the cover (1) on the other side. A crane hook (2) is provided on the right side of the cover (1), and a steel ladle (201) is installed on the crane hook (2). Both the fixed and mobile traps are controlled and driven by a programmable controller.
2. The steelmaking scattered dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A valve plate (3) is rotatably installed in the cover (1). The valve plate (3) is located on the left side of the infrared emitter (101). A pneumatic valve (301) is installed on the outer wall of the cover (1). The output end of the pneumatic valve (301) is connected to the valve plate (3).
3. The steelmaking scattered dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mobile dust collection hood includes a track (4), on which a mobile hood walking frame is slidably mounted. A mobile dust collection hood (501) is mounted on the mobile hood walking frame. A control valve (502) is mounted on the mobile dust collection hood (501). A proximity switch (503) is mounted on the track (4). The driving operation of the mobile dust collection hood is achieved by the proximity switch (503) transmitting the collected signal to the programmable controller, which then works in conjunction with the other dust removal components on the mobile dust collection hood.
4. The steelmaking scattered dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed dust collection hood is driven by the infrared receiver (102) receiving the signal emitted by the infrared transmitter (101) and transmitting it to the programmable controller, which then works in conjunction with the other dust removal components on the fixed dust collection hood.
5. The steelmaking scattered dust removal system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The programmable controller also drives and controls frequency converters, motors, and fans.