Multi-mode mixed intelligent vibration optical fiber detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vibration optical fiber detection, in particular to a multi-mode mixed intelligent vibration optical fiber detection device, which comprises a case, a power supply unit, a light emitting unit, a signal acquisition and processing unit and a light receiving unit. By adopting a multi-mode mixed detection mode and combining an optical fiber sensing technology and a digital signal processing algorithm, high-sensitivity vibration detection is realized, the modular design improves the maintenance convenience, the detachable lithium battery pack provides long cruising ability, and the device is suitable for the field or an environment without a fixed power supply, and has a wide application prospect. Through reasonable optical and circuit design, the anti-interference capability is enhanced, high-precision detection can still be maintained in a complex environment, the reliability of a safety monitoring and early warning system is improved, and the problem that the detection precision is reduced due to unstable signals and electromagnetic interference is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vibration fiber optic detection technology, and in particular to a multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for safety monitoring, vibration fiber optic detection technology has been widely used in boundary protection, structural health monitoring, and industrial inspection. However, signal interference in complex environments, the need for higher detection accuracy, and the optimization of equipment stability have become pressing issues that need to be addressed in the current technological development.

[0003] Patent CN216559322U discloses an optical fiber vibration detection device, which includes: a detection component including multiple vibration detection units; a movable component including a movable seat and a support plate, wherein the movable seat is provided with a heating pad for heating the detection component; a cooling component, wherein a cooling plate is provided inside the cooling component and a liquid passage pipe is connected to the inner side of the cooling component, the liquid passage pipe being arranged around the inner wall of the detection component; and a main housing, wherein detection plates are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the main housing.

[0004] Therefore, the fiber optic vibration detection device has the following problems: The device uses a heating pad to heat the detection components, but this heating method leads to uneven local temperatures, affecting the stability of fiber optic vibration detection. The heating pad may also increase energy consumption and reduce the energy efficiency of the device during long-term operation. The device uses a cooling plate for cooling; however, in high-temperature environments, the cooling plate's heat dissipation capacity is limited, resulting in reduced cooling efficiency and affecting the performance stability of the detection components. The device includes a movable base and a support plate; under mechanical vibration, the movable parts may experience slight displacement or loosening, affecting the accuracy of the fiber optic vibration signal. Furthermore, the movable structure increases wear and tear, reducing the reliability of the device after long-term use. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, this utility model provides a multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device to overcome the problem of decreased detection accuracy caused by signal instability and electromagnetic interference in the prior art by optimizing signal processing and enhancing anti-interference capabilities.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device, comprising:

[0007] The chassis contains a power supply unit, an optical transmission unit, a signal acquisition and processing unit, and an optical receiving unit.

[0008] The power supply unit is located on the top of the chassis and includes a removable lithium battery pack and a voltage regulator circuit.

[0009] The optical emitting unit integrates a laser source module and an optical fiber coupler, and is connected to the optical receiving unit via an optical cable.

[0010] The signal acquisition and processing unit includes an AD conversion module and a digital signal processor, which are electrically connected to the optical transmitting unit and the optical receiving unit, respectively.

[0011] The optical receiving unit has a built-in photodetector and signal amplifier, and is connected to the optical transmitting unit via an optical cable;

[0012] The optical receiving unit and the signal acquisition and processing unit are arranged sequentially along the length of the chassis;

[0013] The optical emitting unit and the optical receiving unit are arranged sequentially along the width of the chassis.

[0014] Furthermore, the dimensions of the chassis are 500mm in length, 480mm in width, and 90mm in height. The top is equipped with a flip-up cover, which is connected to the chassis by a hinge. A dust filter is embedded on the inside of the cover.

[0015] Furthermore, the power supply unit has dimensions of 130mm in length, 100mm in width, and 20mm in thickness, and the lithium battery pack is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, which is slidably connected to the top of the chassis via a guide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, the dimensions of the optical emitting unit are 190mm in length, 150mm in width, and 40mm in thickness, the laser source module is a high-power semiconductor laser, and the fiber optic coupler is used to couple the laser signal into the optical cable.

[0017] Furthermore, the signal acquisition and processing unit has dimensions of 185mm in length, 145mm in width, and 30mm in thickness; the AD conversion module is a 16-bit high-precision converter; and the digital signal processor has a built-in vibration signal feature extraction algorithm.

[0018] Furthermore, the dimensions of the optical receiving unit are 50mm in length, 50mm in width, and 25mm in thickness, the photodetector is an avalanche photodiode, and the gain range of the signal amplifier is 20dB-60dB.

[0019] Furthermore, a shielding partition is provided between the optical emitting unit and the optical receiving unit, and the shielding partition is made of electromagnetic shielding metal.

[0020] Furthermore, the signal acquisition and processing unit and the light emission unit are connected by a flexible circuit board, which is 15mm-25mm long and has a corrugated shape.

[0021] Furthermore, the outer wall of the chassis is provided with a mounting bracket, which includes an L-shaped metal plate and several bolt fixing holes.

[0022] Furthermore, the power supply unit, optical transmitting unit, signal acquisition and processing unit, and optical receiving unit inside the chassis are all fixed by a snap-fit ​​structure, which includes:

[0023] A fixed base, fixed to the inner wall of the chassis, is made of elastic plastic;

[0024] The elastic arm extends outward from the fixed base and has an inclined structure;

[0025] A hook, located at the end of the elastic arm, has an outwardly protruding wedge-shaped head;

[0026] The mating part is provided on the side of the power supply unit, the optical emitting unit, the signal acquisition and processing unit and the optical receiving unit, and includes a groove that matches the hook;

[0027] The hook is inserted into the groove by elastic deformation.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention lie in its high-sensitivity vibration detection achieved by employing a multi-mode hybrid detection method combined with fiber optic sensing technology and digital signal processing algorithms. Its modular design improves maintenance convenience, and the removable lithium battery pack provides long battery life, making it suitable for outdoor or environments without a fixed power source. Through reasonable optical and circuit design, its anti-interference capability is enhanced, enabling it to maintain high-precision detection even in complex environments. This helps improve the reliability of safety monitoring and early warning systems and effectively solves the problem of decreased detection accuracy due to signal instability and electromagnetic interference.

[0029] Furthermore, the top of the chassis features a flip-up cover, facilitating the inspection, maintenance, and replacement of internal components, thus improving operational efficiency. The cover is connected to the chassis via a hinge structure, ensuring smooth opening and closing with high stability. An embedded dust filter effectively prevents dust and impurities from entering the chassis, protecting optical components and electronic assemblies from contamination. This enhances the equipment's protection level, extends its service life, and ensures stable detection performance even in complex environments.

[0030] Furthermore, the power supply unit is compact, saving internal space and improving the overall layout. The lithium battery pack uses rechargeable lithium-ion batteries, featuring high energy density and long cycle life, ensuring stable operation of the equipment over extended periods. A sliding connection to the top of the chassis via guide rails facilitates quick disassembly and replacement, enabling flexible maintenance and efficient battery management, thus improving equipment availability and ease of operation.

[0031] Furthermore, the moderate size of the optical emitting unit helps optimize the internal layout of the chassis and improve equipment integration. High-power semiconductor lasers feature high optical power output, strong stability, and long lifespan, ensuring efficient and reliable laser signal transmission. Fiber optic couplers can precisely couple laser signals into optical cables, reducing optical loss, improving signal transmission efficiency, and ensuring the stability of long-distance transmission, thereby enhancing the overall system performance and detection capabilities.

[0032] Furthermore, the signal acquisition and processing unit is compact in size, facilitating integration and optimization of the internal space layout of the chassis. Employing a 16-bit high-precision AD conversion module enables high-resolution digitization of photoelectric signals, improving the accuracy of data acquisition. The digital signal processor incorporates a vibration signal feature extraction algorithm, enabling efficient analysis and identification of vibration modes, enhancing the accuracy and real-time performance of signal processing, thereby strengthening the system's detection capabilities and adaptability to complex environments.

[0033] Furthermore, the compact size of the optical receiver unit facilitates integration and installation, optimizing equipment space utilization. Employing an avalanche photodiode as the photodetector offers high sensitivity and low noise, effectively enhancing the detection capability of weak signals. The signal amplifier boasts a gain range of 20dB-60dB, adaptively adjusting the amplification factor based on the input signal strength to ensure stable signal amplification and a high signal-to-noise ratio output, thereby improving the system's detection accuracy and long-distance detection capability.

[0034] Furthermore, an electromagnetic shielding metal partition is installed between the optical transmitting unit and the optical receiving unit, effectively blocking electromagnetic interference generated by the optical transmitting unit and avoiding its impact on the signal of the optical receiving unit, thus ensuring the signal stability and accuracy of the system. This design enhances the equipment's anti-interference capability and improves its performance in complex electromagnetic environments, thereby ensuring high-quality signal transmission and detection accuracy.

[0035] Furthermore, the signal acquisition and processing unit is connected to the optical emission unit via a flexible circuit board. This flexible circuit board, with a length of 15mm-25mm and a corrugated design, effectively reduces the impact of vibration or mechanical stress during installation and use on the circuit connection. The corrugated structure provides better flexibility and tensile strength, enabling it to adapt to deformation under different operating environments, while reducing interference and signal loss during signal transmission, ensuring stable and reliable system operation.

[0036] Furthermore, the outer wall of the chassis is equipped with a mounting bracket, which consists of an L-shaped metal plate and bolt fixing holes, facilitating the stable installation of the equipment in various working environments. The L-shaped metal plate provides strong support, while the bolt fixing holes ensure the installation is secure and stable, preventing loosening or displacement during use, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the equipment. It can be easily installed on walls, brackets, or other fixed structures to meet the needs of different occasions.

[0037] Furthermore, the internal structure of the chassis employs a snap-fit ​​mechanism to secure each functional unit. This mechanism consists of a mounting base made of elastic plastic, elastic arms, hooks, and mating parts, ensuring stable installation of the components. The inclined design of the elastic arms provides a degree of cushioning, helping to reduce the impact of vibration on the equipment. The hooks, through elastic deformation, embed into the grooves of the mating parts, making installation and disassembly more convenient and improving the maintainability and replaceability of the equipment. Simultaneously, the elastic plastic material possesses wear resistance, impact resistance, and corrosion resistance, enhancing the overall system's reliability and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device in this embodiment;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a top view of the chassis structure in this embodiment;

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket structure for this implementation;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​structure in this implementation. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives and advantages of this utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described below with reference to the embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model.

[0043] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the direction or positional relationship are based on the direction or positional relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0045] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 As shown, it is a structural cross-sectional view of the multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device of this embodiment.

[0047] This embodiment provides a multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device, comprising:

[0048] The chassis 1 contains a power supply unit 2, an optical transmitting unit 3, a signal acquisition and processing unit 4, and an optical receiving unit 5.

[0049] The power supply unit 2 is located on the top of the chassis 1 and includes a removable lithium battery pack 201 and a voltage regulator circuit 202.

[0050] The optical emitting unit 3 integrates a laser source module 301 and an optical fiber coupler 302, and is connected to the optical receiving unit 5 via an optical cable 6.

[0051] The signal acquisition and processing unit 4 includes an AD conversion module 401 and a digital signal processor 402, which are electrically connected to the optical emitting unit 3 and the optical receiving unit 5, respectively.

[0052] The optical receiving unit 5 has a built-in photodetector 501 and signal amplifier 502, and is connected to the optical transmitting unit 3 via optical cable 6.

[0053] The optical receiving unit 5 and the signal acquisition and processing unit 4 are arranged sequentially along the length of the chassis 1;

[0054] The optical emitting unit 3 and the optical receiving unit 5 are arranged sequentially along the width direction of the chassis 1.

[0055] By employing a multi-mode hybrid detection method, combining fiber optic sensing technology with digital signal processing algorithms, high-sensitivity vibration detection is achieved. Its modular design improves maintenance convenience, and the removable lithium battery pack provides long battery life, making it suitable for field environments or environments without a fixed power source. Through rational optical and circuit design, anti-interference capabilities are enhanced, enabling it to maintain high-precision detection even in complex environments. This contributes to improving the reliability of safety monitoring and early warning systems and effectively solves the problem of decreased detection accuracy due to signal instability and electromagnetic interference.

[0056] Please continue reading. Figure 2 As shown, it is a top view of the chassis structure in this embodiment;

[0057] The dimensions of the chassis 1 are 500mm in length, 480mm in width, and 90mm in height. The top is provided with a flip-up cover 101, which is connected to the chassis 1 by a hinge 102. A dust filter 103 is embedded in the inner side of the cover 101.

[0058] The top of the chassis features a flip-up cover for easy inspection, maintenance, and replacement of internal components, improving operational efficiency. The cover is hinged to the chassis, ensuring smooth and stable opening and closing. An embedded dust filter effectively prevents dust and impurities from entering the chassis, protecting optical and electronic components from contamination. This enhances the equipment's protection level, extends its lifespan, and ensures stable detection performance even in complex environments.

[0059] Specifically, the power supply unit 2 has dimensions of 130mm in length, 100mm in width, and 20mm in thickness. The lithium battery pack 201 is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery and is slidably connected to the top of the chassis 1 via a guide rail 203.

[0060] The compact power supply unit saves internal space and improves the overall layout. The lithium battery pack uses rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with high energy density and long cycle life, ensuring stable operation of the equipment over extended periods. A sliding connection to the top of the chassis via guide rails facilitates quick disassembly and replacement, enabling flexible maintenance and efficient battery management, thus improving equipment availability and ease of operation.

[0061] Specifically, the optical emitting unit 3 has dimensions of 190mm in length, 150mm in width, and 40mm in thickness, the laser source module 301 is a high-power semiconductor laser, and the fiber optic coupler 302 is used to couple the laser signal to the optical cable 6.

[0062] The moderately sized optical emitting unit helps optimize the internal layout of the chassis and improve equipment integration. High-power semiconductor lasers feature high optical power output, strong stability, and long lifespan, ensuring efficient and reliable laser signal transmission. Fiber optic couplers precisely couple laser signals into optical cables, reducing optical loss, improving signal transmission efficiency, and ensuring the stability of long-distance transmission, thereby enhancing the overall system performance and detection capabilities.

[0063] Specifically, the signal acquisition and processing unit has dimensions of 185mm in length, 145mm in width, and 30mm in thickness; the AD conversion module 401 is a 16-bit high-precision converter; and the digital signal processor 402 has a built-in vibration signal feature extraction algorithm.

[0064] The signal acquisition and processing unit is compact, facilitating integration and optimization of the internal space layout of the chassis. Employing a 16-bit high-precision AD conversion module, it achieves high-resolution digitization of photoelectric signals, improving the accuracy of data acquisition. The digital signal processor incorporates a vibration signal feature extraction algorithm, enabling efficient analysis and identification of vibration modes, enhancing the accuracy and real-time performance of signal processing, thereby strengthening the system's detection capabilities and adaptability to complex environments.

[0065] Specifically, the optical receiving unit has dimensions of 50mm in length, 50mm in width, and 25mm in thickness; the photodetector 501 is an avalanche photodiode; and the signal amplifier 502 has a gain range of 20dB-60dB.

[0066] The compact size of the optical receiver unit facilitates integration and installation, optimizing equipment space utilization. Employing an avalanche photodiode as the photodetector, it boasts high sensitivity and low noise characteristics, effectively enhancing the detection capability of weak signals. The signal amplifier has a gain range of 20dB-60dB and can adaptively adjust the amplification factor according to the input signal strength, ensuring stable signal amplification and a high signal-to-noise ratio output, thereby improving the system's detection accuracy and long-distance detection capability.

[0067] Specifically, a shielding partition 7 is provided between the light emitting unit 3 and the light receiving unit 5, and the shielding partition 7 is made of electromagnetic shielding metal.

[0068] An electromagnetically shielded metal partition is installed between the optical transmitting unit and the optical receiving unit, effectively blocking electromagnetic interference generated by the optical transmitting unit and preventing it from affecting the signal of the optical receiving unit, thus ensuring the signal stability and accuracy of the system. This design enhances the equipment's anti-interference capability and improves its performance in complex electromagnetic environments, thereby ensuring high-quality signal transmission and detection accuracy.

[0069] Specifically, the signal acquisition and processing unit 4 and the light emission unit 3 are connected by a flexible circuit board 8, which has a length of 15mm-25mm and is corrugated.

[0070] The signal acquisition and processing unit is connected to the optical emission unit via a flexible circuit board. The flexible circuit board is 15mm-25mm long and has a corrugated design, which effectively reduces the impact of vibration or mechanical stress during installation and use on the circuit connection. The corrugated structure provides better flexibility and tensile strength, enabling it to adapt to the deformation of the equipment in different working environments, while reducing interference and signal loss in signal transmission, ensuring stable and reliable system operation.

[0071] Please continue reading. Figure 3 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the mounting bracket in this embodiment;

[0072] The outer wall of the chassis 1 is provided with a mounting bracket 9, which includes an L-shaped metal plate 901 and bolt fixing holes 902.

[0073] The outer wall of the chassis is equipped with a mounting bracket, which consists of an L-shaped metal plate and bolt holes, facilitating the stable installation of the equipment in various working environments. The L-shaped metal plate provides strong support, while the bolt holes ensure the secure and stable installation of the equipment, preventing loosening or displacement during use, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the equipment. It can be easily installed on walls, brackets, or other fixed structures to meet the needs of different occasions.

[0074] Please continue reading. Figure 4 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​structure in this embodiment;

[0075] The power supply unit 2, optical transmitting unit 3, signal acquisition and processing unit 4, and optical receiving unit 5 inside the chassis 1 are all fixed by a snap-fit ​​structure 10, which includes:

[0076] The fixed base 1001 is fixed to the inner wall of the chassis 1 and is made of elastic plastic;

[0077] The elastic arm 1002 extends outward from the fixed base 1001 and has an inclined structure;

[0078] The hook 1003 is located at the end of the elastic arm 1002 and has an outwardly protruding wedge-shaped head;

[0079] The mating part 1004 is disposed on the side of the power supply unit 2, the light emitting unit 3, the signal acquisition and processing unit 4 and the light receiving unit 5, and includes a groove 1005 that matches the hook 1003;

[0080] The hook 1003 is embedded into the groove 1005 by elastic deformation.

[0081] The internal chassis employs a snap-fit ​​structure to secure each functional unit. This structure consists of a mounting base made of elastic plastic, elastic arms, hooks, and mating parts, ensuring stable installation of the components. The inclined design of the elastic arms provides cushioning, helping to reduce the impact of vibration on the equipment. The hooks, through elastic deformation, engage with grooves in the mating parts, making installation and disassembly easier and improving the maintainability and replaceability of the equipment. Simultaneously, the elastic plastic material possesses wear resistance, impact resistance, and corrosion resistance, enhancing the overall system's reliability and service life.

[0082] The technical solution of this utility model has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scope of this utility model is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of this utility model, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device, characterized in that, include: The chassis contains a power supply unit, an optical transmission unit, a signal acquisition and processing unit, and an optical receiving unit. The power supply unit is located on the top of the chassis and includes a removable lithium battery pack and a voltage regulator circuit. The optical emitting unit integrates a laser source module and an optical fiber coupler, and is connected to the optical receiving unit via an optical cable. The signal acquisition and processing unit includes an AD conversion module and a digital signal processor, which are electrically connected to the optical transmitting unit and the optical receiving unit, respectively. The optical receiving unit has a built-in photodetector and signal amplifier, and is connected to the optical transmitting unit via an optical cable; The optical receiving unit and the signal acquisition and processing unit are arranged sequentially along the length of the chassis; The optical emitting unit and the optical receiving unit are arranged sequentially along the width of the chassis.

2. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chassis measures 500mm in length, 480mm in width, and 90mm in height. It has a flip-up cover on top, which is connected to the chassis by a hinge. A dust filter is embedded on the inside of the cover.

3. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply unit measures 130mm in length, 100mm in width, and 20mm in thickness. The lithium battery pack is a rechargeable lithium-ion battery and is slidably connected to the top of the chassis via a guide rail.

4. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical emitting unit measures 190mm in length, 150mm in width, and 40mm in thickness. The laser source module is a high-power semiconductor laser. The fiber optic coupler is used to couple the laser signal into the optical cable.

5. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition and processing unit measures 185mm in length, 145mm in width, and 30mm in thickness. The AD conversion module is a 16-bit high-precision converter, and the digital signal processor has a built-in vibration signal feature extraction algorithm.

6. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical receiving unit measures 50mm in length, 50mm in width, and 25mm in thickness. The photodetector is an avalanche photodiode, and the signal amplifier has a gain range of 20dB-60dB.

7. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A shielding partition is provided between the optical emitting unit and the optical receiving unit. The shielding partition is made of electromagnetic shielding metal.

8. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition and processing unit and the optical emission unit are connected by a flexible circuit board, which is 15mm-25mm long and has a corrugated shape.

9. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the chassis is provided with a mounting bracket, which includes an L-shaped metal plate and several bolt fixing holes.

10. The multi-mode hybrid intelligent vibration fiber optic detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply unit, optical transmitting unit, signal acquisition and processing unit, and optical receiving unit inside the chassis are all fixed by a snap-fit ​​structure, which includes: A fixed base, fixed to the inner wall of the chassis, is made of elastic plastic; The elastic arm extends outward from the fixed base and has an inclined structure; A hook, located at the end of the elastic arm, has an outwardly protruding wedge-shaped head; The mating part is provided on the side of the power supply unit, the optical emitting unit, the signal acquisition and processing unit and the optical receiving unit, and includes a groove that matches the hook; The hook is inserted into the groove by elastic deformation.

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