Battery and battery module
By installing an explosion-proof valve on the battery cover assembly and a support plate between the cell and the casing, and by using vent holes and vent grooves to accelerate gas conduction, the problem of long gas transmission paths during thermal runaway of rectangular batteries is solved, thus improving battery safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520349945.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-02-28
AI Technical Summary
In the event of thermal runaway, rectangular batteries have a long gas transport path, which can lead to delayed gas conduction and affect safety.
An explosion-proof valve is installed on the battery cover assembly, and a support plate is installed between the cell and the casing. The support plate has a gas guide to shorten the gas conduction path, and the gas conduction is accelerated by the gas guide holes and gas guide grooves on the support plate.
It improves the gas conduction efficiency of the battery during thermal runaway, thus enhancing battery safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN223941954U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a battery and a battery module. Background Technology
[0002] For rectangular batteries, their length is significantly greater than their width and thickness. The cover plate for these batteries is typically located at the length end, and the explosion-proof valve is mounted on the cover plate. Compared to traditional batteries with shorter lengths, rectangular batteries have longer gas transport paths during thermal runaway. Therefore, achieving rapid gas conduction in these batteries has become a hot research topic. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application discloses a battery and a battery module for improving the conduction of gas inside the battery in the event of thermal runaway, thereby enhancing battery safety.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery comprising a casing, a cover assembly, a battery cell, and a support plate. The casing has openings at both ends along its length; the cover assembly is disposed at and seals the openings of the casing, and includes a cover body and an explosion-proof valve disposed on the surface of the cover body; the battery cell is disposed within the casing; the support plate is disposed between the battery cell and a side plate of the casing; the explosion-proof valve is disposed on the surface of the cover body near the support plate, and the support plate has multiple spaced-apart venting portions along its length.
[0006] Secondly, this application provides a battery module. The battery module includes the battery of this application.
[0007] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of this application are as follows:
[0008] The battery of this application has a cover assembly located at the opening of the casing and sealing the opening. A support plate is provided between the battery cell and one side plate of the casing. An explosion-proof valve is located on the side of the cover body near the support plate, so that the gap between the battery cell and the support plate, and the gap between the support plate and the casing, can communicate with the explosion-proof valve with the shortest possible distance. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the gas generated by the battery cell can be conducted to the explosion-proof valve as quickly as possible. The support plate has a gas guiding section, which allows the gas to be quickly conducted along the support plate, thereby conducting the gas to the explosion-proof valve. Therefore, the battery of this application has better gas conduction and higher safety. Attached Figure Description
[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0010] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a battery according to one embodiment;
[0011] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a shell provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0012] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of the area shown by the dashed line.
[0013] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support plate according to one embodiment;
[0014] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the air guide section in one embodiment.
[0015] Icon labels:
[0016] 01-Battery;
[0017] 10-Shell;
[0018] 11-Side panel; 111-First side panel; 112-Second side panel; 113-Third side panel;
[0019] 114 - Fourth side panel;
[0020] 20-cell;
[0021] 30-Support plate;
[0022] 31-Air guide section; 32-Air guide hole; 33-Air guide groove;
[0023] 40 - Cover plate assembly;
[0024] 41-Cover plate body; 42-Explosion-proof valve. Detailed Implementation
[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the battery 01 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The length direction of the battery 01 (as shown in the image)... Figure 1 The dimension in the x-direction shown is much larger than the thickness direction of battery 01 (as shown in the figure). Figure 1 The dimensions in the z-direction shown and the width direction of battery 01 (as shown) Figure 1 The dimensions shown in the y-direction.
[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of a battery according to one embodiment. (As shown...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, battery 01 includes a housing 10, a battery cell 20, a support plate 30, and a cover assembly 40. The battery cell 20 is disposed inside the housing 10. The cover assembly 40 is disposed at the end of battery 01. The configuration of the support plate 30 will be described later.
[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the casing structure according to one embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, the shell 10 may include four side plates 11: two narrow side plates with relatively small areas and two wide side plates with relatively large areas. The four side plates 11 are connected in sequence to form a cubic cylindrical structure open at both ends. The narrow side plates form the long and high surfaces of the shell, and the wide side plates form the long and wide surfaces of the shell.
[0029] The four side plates 11 of the shell 10 can be referred to as the first shell 111, the second side plate 112, the third shell 113, and the fourth side plate 114, respectively. The first side plate 111 and the third side plate 113 are arranged opposite each other and spaced apart, and the second side plate 112 and the fourth side plate 114 are also arranged opposite each other and spaced apart. The first side plate 111, the second side plate 112, the third shell 113, and the fourth side plate 114 are sequentially connected. The first side plate 111 and the third side plate 113 can be two narrow side plates of the shell 10. The second side plate 112 and the fourth side plate 114 can be two wide side plates of the shell 10. That is, the area of the first side plate 111 and the third side plate 113 is smaller than the area of the second side plate 112 and the fourth side plate 114.
[0030] Refer to together Figures 1 to 3 Along the length of the housing 10, both ends of the housing 10 are open. A cover plate assembly 40 is provided at each of the open ends on both sides of the housing 10. The two cover plate assemblies 40 are respectively sealed to the housing 10. One cover plate assembly 40 can be provided with a positive terminal for connecting to a positive electrode tab, and the other cover plate assembly 40 can be provided with a negative terminal for connecting to a negative electrode tab. Alternatively, the positive and negative terminals can share a single cover plate assembly 40. The battery cell 20 is placed inside the housing 10, and the housing 10 provides sealed protection for the battery cell 20.
[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged structural diagram of the area shown by the dashed lines. (See attached diagram.) Figure 4As shown, the cover assembly 40 includes a cover body 41 and an explosion-proof valve 42. The explosion-proof valve 42 is disposed on the surface of the cover body 41. This surface is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the cover body 41. The explosion-proof valve 42 is a weak point of the cover body 41, and can be formed by thinning the cover body 41, or by forming a through hole in the cover body 41 and then fixing a blocking plate or the like at the through hole. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery, other components inside the battery can break through the explosion-proof valve 42 and be ejected from the explosion-proof valve 42. The orthographic projection of the explosion-proof valve onto the surface of the cover body can be elliptical, circular, etc., and is not specifically limited here.
[0032] Continue to refer to Figure 2 To increase the gap between the battery cell 20 and the casing 10 and to facilitate the rapid conduction of gas inside the battery to the explosion-proof valve 42, a support plate 30 is provided between the battery cell 20 and the casing 10. This support plate 30 can be used to fix the battery cell 20 and, during the injection process, allow the electrolyte between the support plate 30 and the casing 10 to flow into the battery cell 20 along the gap between them.
[0033] A support plate 30 may be disposed between the battery cell 20 and one side plate 11 of the housing 10. The width of the support plate 30 may be smaller than the width of the side plate 11 to leave a certain gap between the housing 10 and the battery cell 20. For example, the width of the support plate 30 may be 1 / 2 to 4 / 5 of the width of the side plate 11.
[0034] Refer to together Figure 2 and Figure 4 The explosion-proof valve 42 is located on the surface of the cover plate body 41 near the support plate 30, so that the gas between the battery cell 20 and the housing 10 can quickly reach the explosion-proof valve 42 along the gap at the support plate 30, thus shortening the valve opening time.
[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, with Figure 4 Taking the direction shown as an example, the explosion-proof valve 42 is located on the upper part of the cover plate body 41. When the support plate 30 is installed, the support plate 30 can be located between the top of the battery cell 20 and the housing 10. When the explosion-proof valve 42 is located on the lower part of the cover plate body 41, the support plate 30 can be located between the bottom of the battery cell 20 and the housing 10.
[0036] Among them, reference Figure 2 The support plate 30 can be disposed between the battery cell 20 and the first side plate 111. From the first side plate 111 to the third side plate 113, the explosion-proof valve 42 is disposed close to the first side plate 111. Figure 2 The support plate 30 and the battery cell 20 of the structure shown can be inserted into the housing 10 along its length during assembly, with the support plate 30 located between the battery cell 20 and the housing. Figure 1 and Figure 2Taking the orientation shown as an example, the support plate 30 is located on top of the battery cell 20, between the top of the battery cell 20 and the first side plate 111 of the housing 10. The cover plate assembly 40 seals the openings on both sides of the housing 10, thereby encapsulating the battery cell 10.
[0037] The first side plate 111 is the narrow side plate of the housing 10. The explosion-proof valve 42 is located near the narrow side plate, which allows the wide side plate to deform to a certain extent in the event of battery thermal runaway, providing sufficient venting space. The narrow side plate deforms less, facilitating venting, while the support plate improves venting efficiency.
[0038] In another embodiment, the support plate 30 may also be disposed between the battery cell 20 and the second side plate 112, and the explosion-proof valve 42 is disposed close to the second side plate 112 in the direction from the second side plate 112 to the fourth side plate 114. The support plate 30 can improve the exhaust efficiency, and the placement of the explosion-proof valve 42 close to the support plate 30 facilitates exhaust.
[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a support plate according to one embodiment. Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment, the support plate 30 is provided with a plurality of spaced air guides 31 along its length to avoid reducing the strength of the support plate 30. Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged structural schematic diagram of the air guide section according to one embodiment. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the air guiding part 31 may include an air guiding hole 32 and an air guiding groove 33. The air guiding hole 32 penetrates through the support plate 30 along the thickness direction of the support plate 30, that is, the air guiding hole 32 is a through hole. The air guiding hole 32 is disposed in the air guiding groove 33, and the air guiding groove 33 is a blind groove. The air guiding groove 33 is disposed on one side surface a of the support plate 30. The other side surface of the support plate 30 opposite to surface a may be a plane. In another embodiment, air guiding grooves 33 may be provided on both sides of the support plate 30.
[0040] In the event of thermal runaway, the gas inside the cell 20 can be discharged through the vent 32 into the gap between the support plate 30 and the housing 10, and flow along the gap toward the explosion-proof valve. The vent groove 33 is a blind groove that does not penetrate the support plate 30, which can maintain the support member 30 with high strength and provide support for the cell.
[0041] Among them, combined Figure 2 and Figure 6 Inside the battery, the opening of the venting groove 33 can be positioned facing either the cell 20 or the casing 10. When the opening of the venting groove 33 faces the cell 20, it forms a gas-containing space. When the opening of the venting groove 33 faces the casing 10, its back side contacts the cell 20. In the event of thermal runaway, the venting groove 33 can act as a deformation buffer, using a support plate to resist deformation of the cell 20.
[0042] The length of the gas guide groove 33 is greater than its width. The length of the gas guide groove 33 is parallel to the length of the support plate 30, and its width is parallel to the width of the support plate 30. The gas guide groove 33 is an elongated groove, which increases the gas guiding area. Extending along the length of the support plate 30, the gas guide groove 33 promotes gas flow and prevents gas accumulation.
[0043] Reference Figure 6 The conductor hole 32 can be an elongated through hole. The width of the vent hole 32 can be greater than the width of the vent groove 33.
[0044] In one embodiment, the length of the air guide groove 33 can be 70-110 mm. If the length of the air guide groove 33 is too short, it cannot effectively relieve pressure. If the length of the air guide groove 33 is too long, it will affect the strength of the support plate 30. For example, the length of the air guide groove 33 can be any two values between 70 mm, 80 mm, 90 mm, 100 mm, or 110 mm.
[0045] Refer to together Figure 4 and Figure 6 The distance between the air guide groove 33, located near the explosion-proof valve 42, and the explosion-proof valve 42 is 75-120mm. If the air guide groove is too far from the explosion-proof valve, the air guiding effect will be reduced; if the distance is too close, the edge of the support plate will be weak and easily damaged. Specifically, the distance between the air guide groove 33 and the explosion-proof valve 42 is the sum of the distance from the edge of the air guide groove 33 closest to the explosion-proof valve to the inner surface of the cover plate body, and the distance from the inner surface of the cover plate body corresponding to the position of the support plate to the explosion-proof valve. For example, the distance between the air guide groove 33 and the explosion-proof valve 42 can be any two values between 75mm, 80mm, 90mm, 100mm, 110mm, or 120mm.
[0046] For the same technical purpose, this application also provides a battery module, which includes the battery of this application embodiment. The number of batteries in this application embodiment can be multiple, and the multiple batteries can be connected in series and parallel as needed.
[0047] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A battery, characterized in that, include: A housing, wherein at least one end of the housing is provided with an opening; A cover plate assembly is disposed at the opening of the housing and seals the opening. The cover plate assembly includes a cover plate body and an explosion-proof valve disposed on the surface of the cover plate body. The battery cell is located inside the housing; A support plate is disposed between the battery cell and the housing; The explosion-proof valve is disposed on the surface of the cover plate body near the support plate, and the support plate is provided with a plurality of spaced air guides along its length.
2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air guiding part includes an air guiding hole and an air guiding groove. The air guiding hole penetrates the support plate along the thickness direction of the support plate, and the air guiding hole is located in the air guiding groove, which is a blind groove.
3. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the air guide groove is greater than the width of the air guide groove, wherein the length direction of the air guide groove is the length direction of the support plate, and the width direction of the air guide groove is the width direction of the support plate.
4. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening of the air guide groove is positioned facing one side of the battery cell.
5. The battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening of the air guide groove is positioned facing one side of the housing.
6. The battery according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The length of the air guide groove is 70-110 mm.
7. The battery according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that, The distance between the air guide groove located near the explosion-proof valve and the explosion-proof valve is 75-120mm.
8. The battery according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The shell is a cuboid structure, including a first side plate, a second side plate, a third side plate and a fourth side plate that are connected in sequence. The first side plate and the third side plate are opposite to each other and spaced apart, and the second side plate and the fourth side plate are opposite to each other and spaced apart. The area of the first side plate and the third side plate is smaller than that of the second side plate and the fourth side plate.
9. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support plate is disposed between the battery cell and the first side plate, and the explosion-proof valve is disposed close to the first side plate in the direction from the first side plate to the third side plate.
10. The battery according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support plate is disposed between the battery cell and the second side plate, and the explosion-proof valve is disposed close to the second side plate in the direction from the second side plate to the fourth side plate.
11. A battery module, characterized in that, Includes the battery as described in any one of claims 1-10.