Photovoltaic photo-thermal coupling system based on semitransparent photovoltaic cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a photovoltaic photo-thermal coupling system based on semitransparent photovoltaic cells, which comprises a support, two or more than two semitransparent photovoltaic cells and a photo-thermal reflecting mirror, the two or more than two semitransparent photovoltaic cells are arranged in the support along the height direction, the photo-thermal reflecting mirror is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the support, and the semitransparent photovoltaic cells are arranged in the support along the height direction. Each semitransparent photovoltaic cell can slide relative to the bracket; each semitransparent photovoltaic cell is provided with a light-transmitting area, and along with sliding of each semitransparent photovoltaic cell, the light-transmitting areas of the multiple semitransparent photovoltaic cells are in staggered, partially overlapped and completely overlapped states, so that photovoltaic and photo-thermal energy distribution is flexibly adjusted by adjusting light transmittance. According to the embodiment, by changing the relative positions of the semitransparent photovoltaic cells, the area of the light-transmitting area is changed, and the light transmittance is flexibly adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic and photothermal technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic and photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand, solar energy, as a clean and renewable energy source, is gradually increasing its share in the energy structure. Currently, the main ways to utilize solar energy include photovoltaic power generation and concentrated solar power (CSP). Photovoltaic power generation technology directly converts sunlight into electricity through photovoltaic cells, while CSP technology uses the heat energy of sunlight to heat a working fluid, thereby driving a heat engine to generate electricity. Since the energy of sunlight is mainly distributed in the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared light bands, rationally allocating light energy in different bands and improving the synergistic utilization rate of photovoltaic and CSP has become one of the key research directions for optimizing integrated solar energy utilization systems.

[0003] Traditional photovoltaic-photothermal coupling systems typically employ a fixed spectral separation strategy, such as placing photothermal absorbing materials behind the photovoltaic cells to allow infrared light not absorbed by the photovoltaic cells to enter the photothermal system. However, this fixed spectral allocation method has certain limitations. First, because the intensity and spectral composition of sunlight vary with time, weather, and season, fixed spectral allocation schemes are difficult to adapt to dynamically changing illumination conditions, resulting in limited utilization efficiency of both photovoltaic and photothermal systems.

[0004] For example, under strong sunlight, if the photovoltaic (PV) component absorbs too much light energy and its temperature rises, it may reduce the PV conversion efficiency. Under weak light conditions, PV cells with fixed transmittance may not be able to fully utilize light energy, affecting overall power generation performance. Secondly, existing PV-photothermal coupling systems typically use single-layer semi-transparent PV cells with relatively fixed transmittance, making it difficult to flexibly adjust the energy distribution ratio between PV and photothermal energy according to actual needs. Furthermore, some technical solutions attempt to optimize spectral utilization by modifying the material properties of PV cells or using spectrally selective coatings, but these solutions are usually costly to manufacture and, once fabricated, cannot be flexibly adjusted during operation. Utility Model Content

[0005] The summary section of this utility model is intended to briefly introduce the concepts, which will be described in detail in the detailed description section below. This summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0006] This invention provides a photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section above.

[0007] This utility model discloses a photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, comprising a support frame, two or more semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, and a photothermal reflector.

[0008] The two or more semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are arranged in the bracket along the height direction, the photothermal reflector is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bracket, and each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell can slide relative to the bracket;

[0009] Each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell has a light-transmitting area. As each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell slides, the light-transmitting areas of multiple semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are staggered, partially overlapped, or completely overlapped, so as to flexibly adjust the energy distribution of photovoltaic and photothermal by adjusting the light transmittance.

[0010] Optionally, in an aligned state, the light-transmitting areas of each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell are arranged alternately.

[0011] Optionally, the bracket is provided with slide rails corresponding to the number of semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, and multiple semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are configured one-to-one into multiple slide rails.

[0012] Optionally, the slide rail is a straight or curved slide rail, used to adjust the overlapping area of ​​multiple semi-transparent photovoltaic cells at different angles.

[0013] Optionally, the slide rail is provided with a transmission mechanism to form a gear-rack driven slide rail, wherein,

[0014] The transmission mechanism includes a rack, a gear, and a motor that communicates with the controller. The rack is set inside the slide rail, the gear meshes with the rack, the gear is connected to one side of the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, and the motor is used to drive the gear to roll on the rack.

[0015] Optionally, the slide rail is a magnetic levitation slide rail.

[0016] Optionally, the semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are configured as two layers, with each light-transmitting area having a regular strip shape, a honeycomb shape, or a gradient grid shape.

[0017] Optionally, a liquid crystal layer is disposed between the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. Under the control of an electric field, the liquid crystal layer realizes transparency conversion to further dynamically adjust the light transmittance.

[0018] Optionally, the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is configured as two layers, including a first semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and a second semi-transparent photovoltaic cell. The light-transmitting area of ​​the first semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is honeycomb-shaped, and the light-transmitting area of ​​the second semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is gradient grid-shaped.

[0019] Optionally, the photothermal reflector is provided with a high-reflectivity metal or dielectric reaction film.

[0020] The above embodiments of this utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The reason why traditional photovoltaic-photothermal coupling systems are unable to adapt to the energy utilization needs under different environmental conditions and cannot be dynamically adjusted during operation, making it difficult to balance photovoltaic power generation efficiency and photothermal energy collection needs, is that traditional photovoltaic-photothermal coupling systems usually adopt a fixed spectral separation strategy.

[0022] The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on semi-transparent photovoltaic cells of this invention has two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells that can slide relative to each other and each has a light-transmitting area. This allows the light-transmitting area to be changed during the relative sliding process, thereby adjusting the light transmittance and the amount and intensity of sunlight received by the photothermal reflector. This enables the system to be dynamically adjusted to adapt to various environments, improving the system's flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention where the light-transmitting areas of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells do not overlap.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention where the light-transmitting areas of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells do not overlap.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the light-transmitting areas of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells partially overlap.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the light-transmitting areas of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells partially overlap.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the light-transmitting areas of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells completely overlap.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the light-transmitting areas of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells completely overlap.

[0031] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0032] 1. Support frame; 21. First semi-transparent photovoltaic cell; 22. Second semi-transparent photovoltaic cell; 23. Light-transmitting area; 3. Photothermal reflector; 4. Sliding rail. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0035] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0036] This disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Please refer to the following first. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the photovoltaic-thermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to this utility model. Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic-thermal coupling system based on semi-transparent photovoltaic cells includes a support frame 1. The support frame 1 is preferably made of corrosion-resistant, high-strength, lightweight composite materials such as aluminum alloy or carbon fiber to ensure system stability. The sealing structure of the support frame 1 preferably uses a weather-resistant silicone sealing strip to prevent dust and moisture from entering and affecting power generation.

[0038] Two layers of semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are arranged in the height direction within the support frame 1, namely a first semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 21 and a second semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 22. Each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell can slide relative to the support frame 1.

[0039] A photothermal reflector 3 is provided at the bottom of the aforementioned support 1. The photothermal reflector 3 is preferably provided with a high-reflectivity metal or dielectric reflective film, such as a silver-based reflective film or a multilayer dielectric interference film, to improve the photothermal conversion efficiency.

[0040] Please see Figures 2 to 7 , Figure 2 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention where the light-transmitting areas of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells do not overlap. Figure 3 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention where the light-transmitting areas of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells do not overlap. Figure 4 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the light-transmitting areas of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells partially overlap. Figure 5 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the light-transmitting areas of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells partially overlap. Figure 6 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention in which the light-transmitting areas of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells completely overlap. Figure 7 This is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention where the light-transmitting areas of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells completely overlap. Figures 2 to 7 As shown, each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell has a light-transmitting area 23. The shape of the light-transmitting area 23 includes, but is not limited to, regular stripes, honeycomb patterns, and gradient grids. When the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are fully aligned, the multiple light-transmitting areas 23 are staggered. When the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are pushed or pulled, the light-transmitting areas 23 of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells can be in a state of no overlap, partial overlap, or complete overlap. Because each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell has a light-transmitting area 23, the light-transmitting area of ​​the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells after being stacked is changed, thereby adjusting the shading degree and light transmittance.

[0041] Meanwhile, the adjustment of light transmittance is used to change the amount of sunlight received by the photothermal reflector 3 and the area of ​​light intensity distribution, thereby effectively adjusting the spectral distribution of the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and the photothermal reflector 3, and adjusting the coupling structure according to different lighting conditions and weather, so as to finally obtain the best solar utilization rate.

[0042] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can adjust the number of layers in the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to the actual situation, but such changes do not exceed the protection scope of this utility model.

[0043] The aforementioned light-transmitting area 23 can be fabricated using various methods, such as laser etching and mask etching. Specifically, when using laser etching, picosecond or femtosecond lasers (wavelength 355nm or 1030nm) are used for fine etching. The etching pattern can be designed as a grid, a periodic micro-hole array, etc., to achieve uniform light transmission. The etching depth and spacing are adjusted according to the target transmittance; for example, the grid spacing is adjustable from 100-500μm to optimize photovoltaic / photothermal energy distribution.

[0044] When using the mask etching method, a metal mask or photoresist is applied, combined with wet etching (such as HF solution) or plasma dry etching, to locally remove part of the active layer of the photovoltaic cell, forming a transparent window and improving light transmittance.

[0045] By selecting light-transmitting areas 23 of different shapes, a variety of schemes for adjusting light transmittance can be formed.

[0046] Option 1: The two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells use regular strip-shaped light-transmitting areas 23.

[0047] The width and spacing of the aforementioned regular strip-shaped light-transmitting areas 23 can be adjusted according to lighting requirements. For example, the width of each regular strip-shaped light-transmitting area 23 is 0.5mm to 5mm, and the spacing between two adjacent light-transmitting areas 23 is 1mm to 10mm. This scheme is applicable to large-scale parabolic trough solar power plants.

[0048] During the process of adjusting light transmittance:

[0049] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, when the light-transmitting areas 23 of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells do not overlap, that is, when the upper and lower layers of regular strip-shaped light-transmitting areas 23 are completely misaligned, the light transmittance is minimized, reaching 30%-40%, maximizing photovoltaic absorption and reducing the photothermal portion.

[0050] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, when the light-transmitting areas 23 of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells overlap, that is, when the light-transmitting areas 23 of the upper and lower regular strips are misaligned, the light transmittance is moderate, reaching 50%-70%, thus achieving balanced utilization of photovoltaic and photothermal energy.

[0051] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, when the light-transmitting areas 23 of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells completely overlap, that is, when the upper and lower layers of regular strip-shaped light-transmitting areas 23 are completely aligned, the light transmittance is at its maximum, reaching 80%-90%, and the photothermal reflector 3 receives the most infrared light.

[0052] Option 2: The two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells adopt a honeycomb-shaped light-transmitting area 23.

[0053] As an example, the aforementioned honeycomb-shaped light-transmitting area 23 is a hexagonal honeycomb hole with an outer circle diameter of 1mm to 10mm, and the distance between two adjacent light-transmitting areas 23 is 2mm to 15mm. By adjusting the degree of misalignment of the honeycomb holes of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, different light transmittances can be achieved. This method can make the light transmission more uniform and improve the spectral matching degree.

[0054] During the process of adjusting light transmittance:

[0055] When the light-transmitting areas 23 of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells do not overlap, that is, when the upper and lower honeycomb cells are completely misaligned, the light transmittance is minimal, reaching 20%-30%, which can maximize photovoltaic absorption.

[0056] When the light-transmitting areas 23 of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells overlap, that is, the upper and lower honeycomb cells are misaligned, the light transmittance is moderate, reaching 40%-60%, and the photovoltaic and photothermal phases are balanced.

[0057] When the light-transmitting areas 23 of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells completely overlap, that is, when the upper and lower honeycomb holes are completely aligned, the light transmittance is at its maximum, reaching 80%-90%, and the photothermal reflector 3 receives the most infrared light.

[0058] Option 3: The first semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 21 and the second semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 22 are respectively configured with a gradient grid and a uniform grid-shaped light-transmitting area 23.

[0059] The aforementioned gradient grid features a grid size that gradually increases from the edge to the center. By sliding two layers of semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, the light-transmitting areas 23 of the two layers are dynamically matched. The grid width can be 0.2mm to 3mm, and the spacing between two adjacent light-transmitting areas 23 can be 0.5mm to 5mm. This method can be adapted to different lighting conditions, resulting in a more balanced photovoltaic heat generation.

[0060] During the process of adjusting light transmittance:

[0061] When the light-transmitting areas 23 of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells do not overlap, that is, when the upper and lower grids are completely misaligned, the light transmittance is minimal, reaching 10%-30%, which can maximize photovoltaic absorption.

[0062] When the light-transmitting areas 23 of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells overlap, that is, the upper and lower grids are misaligned, the light transmittance is moderate, reaching 30%-50%, and the photovoltaic and photothermal phases are balanced.

[0063] When the light-transmitting areas 23 of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells completely overlap, that is, when the upper and lower grids are completely aligned, the light transmittance is at its maximum, reaching 60%-70%, and the light-to-heat ratio is high.

[0064] Option 4:

[0065] A liquid crystal layer is placed between two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. The arrangement of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is controlled by an electric field to achieve the conversion between transparent and opaque.

[0066] The light-transmitting areas 23 of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells can be selected as regular stripes or honeycomb patterns, thereby achieving dynamic control of light transmittance in conjunction with the conversion of the liquid crystal layer. This makes it suitable for intelligent photovoltaic-photothermal synergistic systems, automatically adjusting according to lighting conditions.

[0067] During the process of adjusting light transmittance:

[0068] When the liquid crystal layer is not controlled by an electric field, it is in a transparent state with the highest light transmittance, which can reach 90%-100%.

[0069] When the liquid crystal layer is controlled by a medium-intensity electric field, the liquid crystal layer is partially blocked, and the light transmittance is moderate, reaching 40%-60%.

[0070] When the liquid crystal layer is controlled by a high-intensity electric field, the liquid crystal layer is completely blocked, and the light transmittance is at its lowest, reaching 0%-10%, thus maximizing photovoltaic absorption.

[0071] In Schemes 1 to 4 above, the light-transmitting area 23 of the two layers of semi-transparent photovoltaic cells uses the same shape. Of course, different shapes can also be used to adjust the light transmittance.

[0072] For example, by configuring honeycomb-shaped and gradient grid-shaped light-transmitting areas 23 in the first semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 21 and the second semi-transparent photovoltaic cell 22 respectively, the dynamic balance between photovoltaic and photothermal energy can be enhanced.

[0073] To enable each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell to slide relative to the support 1, thereby achieving non-overlapping, partially overlapping, and fully overlapping states of the light-transmitting areas 23, linear slide rails are connected to the inner wall of the support 1 using high-strength bolts or rivets. Two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are positioned one-to-one in two linear slide rails. Workers push the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells to adjust the light transmittance. This linear slide rail structure is simple and, combined with the aforementioned method for adjusting light transmittance, is suitable for planar-mounted photovoltaic-thermal coupling systems, such as trough-type solar thermal power plants, tower-type solar thermal power plants, and linear Fresnel-type solar thermal power plants.

[0074] Alternatively, curved slide rails can be connected to the inner wall of bracket 1 using high-strength bolts or rivets. The two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells cooperate with the two curved slide rails, allowing them to slide along an arc-shaped trajectory, thereby adjusting the overlap area at different angles. These curved slide rails are suitable for curved solar-thermal reflectors 3, such as parabolic trough reflectors, ensuring optimal fit between the photovoltaic cells and the reflector. The arc-shaped movement allows for higher adjustment precision and improves the optimization of spectral distribution.

[0075] It should be noted that regardless of whether a linear or curved slide rail is used, a positioning pin can be added to fix the relative position of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. Those skilled in the art can configure this according to the actual situation or existing technology.

[0076] The aforementioned linear and curved slide rails are made of high-strength aluminum alloy such as model 6061-T6 or 304 stainless steel, and the surface is treated with anodizing or polytetrafluoroethylene coating to improve wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

[0077] The slide rail 4 is precision machined using CNC machining to ensure dimensional accuracy, with tolerances controlled to ±0.05mm. Low-friction ball bearings or PTFE sliders are embedded inside the slide rail 4 to improve smooth sliding. These sliders connect to both ends of the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, ensuring smooth sliding without significant looseness. Limiters are installed at both ends of the slide rail 4 to prevent the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell from sliding off the track.

[0078] Furthermore, a transmission mechanism is installed within the aforementioned linear or curved slide rail to form a gear-rack driven slide rail. Combined with the aforementioned scheme for adjusting light transmittance, this enhances the automation and intelligence of the system. Taking a linear slide rail as an example, a gear-rack transmission mechanism is installed within the linear slide rail. The rack is mounted within the linear slide rail, and the gear meshes with the rack. This gear is also connected to one side of the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell. In operation, the gear is driven to rotate by a motor, achieving synchronous push-pull adjustment of the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell.

[0079] In addition to the aforementioned transmission mechanism, a linear module can also be installed inside the linear slide rail and connected to one side of the corresponding semi-transparent photovoltaic cell. The aforementioned linear module may include, but is not limited to, one of the following: a ball screw linear module, a synchronous belt linear module, a linear motor driven linear module, etc.

[0080] In addition, a controller and various sensors can be installed to collect information such as light intensity and ambient temperature and transmit it to the controller. These sensors include light sensors and temperature sensors. The controller processes this information and controls the motor to intelligently adjust the relative positions of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, thereby changing the light transmittance and achieving adaptive adjustment. Therefore, it is applicable to large-scale photovoltaic and solar thermal power plants, enabling intelligent spectral adjustment. Those skilled in the art can determine the controller based on the specific circumstances; for example, the controller can be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit), a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor).

[0081] The aforementioned slide rail 4 can also be a magnetic levitation slide rail, using magnetic force to control the sliding of the two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, reducing frictional losses. This achieves ultra-low power consumption adjustment, making it suitable for scenarios requiring high-precision adjustment, such as satellite solar panels and microgrid solar systems.

[0082] This utility model discloses a photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. It collects environmental information such as light intensity and ambient temperature through multiple sensors, and adjusts the relative positions of two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells through relevant algorithms. This results in corresponding light-transmitting areas that do not overlap, partially overlap, or completely overlap, thereby changing the light transmittance. This enables the system to adaptively adjust the energy distribution ratio of photovoltaic and photothermal cells and fully utilize light energy to improve the overall power generation performance.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic-thermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, characterized in that, It includes a support frame, two or more semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, and a photothermal reflector, among which, The two or more semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are arranged in the bracket along the height direction, the photothermal reflector is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the bracket, and each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell can slide relative to the bracket; Each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell has a light-transmitting area. As each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell slides, the light-transmitting areas of multiple semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are staggered, partially overlapped, or completely overlapped, so as to flexibly adjust the energy distribution of photovoltaic and photothermal by adjusting the light transmittance.

2. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are aligned, with the light-transmitting areas of each semi-transparent photovoltaic cell arranged alternately.

3. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket is equipped with slide rails corresponding to the number of semi-transparent photovoltaic cells, and multiple semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are configured one-to-one in multiple slide rails.

4. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slide rail is a straight or curved slide rail, used to adjust the overlapping area of ​​multiple semi-transparent photovoltaic cells at different angles.

5. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slide rail is equipped with a transmission mechanism to form a gear-rack drive slide rail, wherein... The transmission mechanism includes a rack, a gear, and a motor that communicates with the controller. The rack is set inside the slide rail, the gear meshes with the rack, the gear is connected to one side of the semi-transparent photovoltaic cell, and the motor is used to drive the gear to roll on the rack.

6. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The slide rail is a magnetic levitation slide rail.

7. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The semi-transparent photovoltaic cells are configured in two layers, and the shape of each light-transmitting area is a regular strip, a honeycomb, or a gradient grid.

8. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, A liquid crystal layer is disposed between two semi-transparent photovoltaic cells. Under the control of an electric field, the liquid crystal layer realizes transparency conversion, which is used to further dynamically adjust the light transmittance.

9. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to any one of claims 3-6, characterized in that, The semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is configured with two layers, including a first semi-transparent photovoltaic cell and a second semi-transparent photovoltaic cell. The light-transmitting area of ​​the first semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is honeycomb-shaped, and the light-transmitting area of ​​the second semi-transparent photovoltaic cell is gradient grid-shaped.

10. The photovoltaic photothermal coupling system based on a semi-transparent photovoltaic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photothermal reflector is provided with a highly reflective metal or dielectric reaction film.

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