Fixed bed reactor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of chemical engineering, in particular to a fixed bed reactor which comprises a shell, a plurality of vertical tubes are fixedly mounted in the shell, reaction tubes used for loading catalysts are arranged on the inner sides of all the tubes, a driving motor used for driving the reaction tubes to rotate is further mounted in the shell, and the driving motor is connected with all the reaction tubes. The reaction tubes used for loading the catalyst are additionally arranged on the inner sides of all the tubes, and the driving motor used for driving the reaction tubes to rotate is arranged in the shell, so that when the catalyst needs to be replaced, the reaction tubes can be directly taken out, and the catalyst and the reaction tubes are replaced together, the convenience is improved, and in the process of synthesizing vinylene carbonate, the cost is reduced. The reaction tube can be driven by the driving motor to rotate, and a catalyst in the reaction tube is driven to rotate along with the reaction tube, so that the contact area between the catalyst and a raw material (ethylene carbonate) is increased, and the yield of vinylene carbonate is further increased.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of chemical technology, concretely relates to a fixed bed reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] Vinylene carbonate is an important industrial raw material, commonly used as lithium battery additives, surface coating components and preparation of monomer with vinylene carbonate polymer. In the related art, the synthesis of vinylene carbonate mainly has the following two ways: two-step method, i.e. chlorination reaction of ethylene carbonate and chlorine (or sulfuryl chloride), and the chlorination reaction product is prepared by elimination reaction to obtain vinylene carbonate. However, using this method for production, there are many by-products, the process is complex, and the product separation is difficult. In the production process, toxic and harmful and corrosive gases such as chlorine and hydrogen chloride are involved, which has great safety hazards. One-step method, i.e. vinylene carbonate is directly generated by catalytic dehydrogenation in a fixed bed reactor. This method has less by-products and is simple to operate, and is an environmentally friendly method.

[0003] The fixed bed reactor is a key equipment for one-step synthesis of vinylene carbonate. In recent years, the tubular fixed bed reactor is widely used in the catalytic dehydrogenation process of vinylene carbonate. The structure of the tubular fixed bed reactor is similar to that of the fixed tube sheet heat exchanger. The tube is the reaction zone, and the catalyst is filled in the tubular column (fixedly installed in the fixed bed reactor). The material reacts when passing through the catalyst bed in the tubular column. The shell space is filled with heat exchange medium to form a reaction heat exchange system. However, there are the following defects in the synthesis of vinylene carbonate by using the tubular fixed bed reactor: the raw materials cannot effectively contact the catalyst, which reduces the yield of vinylene carbonate; the number of tubular columns in the reactor is large, which can reach hundreds to tens of thousands. When the catalyst needs to be replaced, all the catalysts filled in the tubular columns need to be replaced, which is high in labor cost and time cost; and the catalysts used are usually metals or metal oxides, which can cause harm to the human body when directly or indirectly contacting the catalysts during replacement of the catalysts. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] Therefore, the utility model provides a fixed bed reactor to solve the above technical problems, such as the raw materials cannot effectively contact the catalyst, which reduces the yield of vinylene carbonate; the number of tubular columns in the reactor is large, which can reach hundreds to tens of thousands. When the catalyst needs to be replaced, all the catalysts filled in the tubular columns need to be replaced, which is high in labor cost and time cost; and the catalysts used are usually metals or metal oxides, which can cause harm to the human body when directly or indirectly contacting the catalysts during replacement of the catalysts.

[0005] To achieve the above scheme, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A fixed bed reactor, which comprises a shell, a plurality of vertical column tubes are fixedly arranged in the shell, reaction tubes for loading catalysts are arranged in the inside of all the column tubes, a driving motor for driving the rotation of the reaction tubes is arranged in the shell, and the driving motor is connected with all the reaction tubes.

[0007] The principle of the fixed bed reactor is that reaction tubes for loading catalysts are arranged in the inside of all the column tubes, and a driving motor for driving the rotation of the reaction tubes is arranged in the shell and connected with all the reaction tubes.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of first fixing elements are further arranged, the side walls of all the reaction tubes are provided with a plurality of clamping holes, the two ends of the first fixing elements are provided with hook portions, and the hook portions at the two ends of the same first fixing element can be clamped in the clamping holes of the adjacent reaction tubes.

[0009] In the utility model, a plurality of first fixing elements are additionally arranged, the side walls of all the reaction tubes are provided with a plurality of clamping holes, the two ends of the first fixing elements are provided with hook portions, and the hook portions at the two ends of the same fixing element can be clamped in the clamping holes of the adjacent reaction tubes, so that the reaction tubes are conveniently fixed or replaced, and the production convenience is improved.

[0010] Optionally, a plurality of partitions are arranged in the reaction tubes along the horizontal direction, and the partitions are provided with a plurality of through holes for the flow of liquid.

[0011] In the utility model, a plurality of partitions are additionally arranged in the reaction tubes along the horizontal direction, and the partitions are provided with a plurality of through holes for the flow of liquid, so that the liquid materials such as vinylene carbonate can flow from top to bottom, the flowing time of the liquid materials such as vinylene carbonate along the vertical direction is prolonged, the contact area between the liquid materials such as vinylene carbonate and the catalyst is increased, and the yield of vinylene carbonate is further improved.

[0012] Optionally, the distance between the adjacent partitions is 18-22mm.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of reaction tubes for loading catalysts are arranged in the column tubes along the vertical direction, and all the reaction tubes are provided with a plurality of through holes for the flow of liquid.

[0014] The utility model discloses, through being equipped with a plurality of for loading catalyst's reaction tube who is arranged in vertical direction layering in the column pipe inside, and all the reaction tube is equipped with a plurality of via hole for liquid flow circulation, can prolong the flow time length of ethylene carbonate liquid material along vertical direction, increase the contact area between ethylene carbonate liquid material and catalyst, and further improve the yield of vinylidene carbonate.

[0015] Optionally, the reaction tube is hollow annular or hollow spherical.

[0016] The utility model discloses, through setting up the reaction tube to be hollow annular or hollow spherical, can improve the rotation rate of reaction tube, further improve the contact area between catalyst and raw material (ethylene carbonate), and further improve the yield of vinylidene carbonate.

[0017] Optionally, the distance between adjacent reaction tubes is 8-12mm.

[0018] The utility model discloses, through setting the distance between adjacent reaction tubes as 8-12mm, can guarantee the filling amount of catalyst while guaranteeing the enough flow time length of ethylene carbonate liquid material along vertical direction.

[0019] Optionally, all the reaction tubes inside the same column pipe are fixed to the column pipe through the second fixing element arranged along the vertical direction.

[0020] Optionally, the fixed bed reactor further comprises a pipe cover, the pipe cover is covered on the top end of the reaction tube and is buckled with the reaction tube, and the top surface of the pipe cover is provided with a plurality of flow-through holes.

[0021] The utility model discloses, through the additional pipe cover, the pipe cover is covered on the top end of the reaction tube and is buckled with the reaction tube, and the top surface of the pipe cover is provided with a plurality of flow-through holes, and the reaction tube is opened and closed through the pipe cover, and the convenience of loading and replacing the catalyst is improved.

[0022] Optionally, the two sides of each column pipe are respectively provided with baffles. ACCURACY

[0023] Figure 1 It is the fixed bed reactor's structural schematic diagram of example 1;

[0024] Figure 2 It is the front view of column pipe and reaction tube in example 1;

[0025] Figure 3 It is the plan view (not containing first fixing element) of column pipe and reaction tube in example 1;

[0026] Figure 4Assembly view of the column tube and the reaction tube in Example 1;

[0027] Figure 5 Assembly view between different reaction tubes in Example 1;

[0028] Figure 6 Front view of the column tube and the reaction tube in Example 2;

[0029] Figure 7 Front view of the column tube and the reaction tube in Example 3 (the reaction tube is a hollow circular ring);

[0030] Figure 8 Front view of the column tube and the reaction tube in Example 3 (the reaction tube is a hollow spherical shape);

[0031] Figure 9 Assembly view between different reaction tubes in Example 3.

[0032] Reference signs

[0033] 1 - shell, 11 - feed inlet, 12 - discharge outlet 12, 13 - heat transfer medium outlet, 14 - heat transfer medium inlet, 15 - orifice plate, 16 - baffle, 17 - column tube, 18 - reaction tube, 181 - flow guide hole, 19 - driving motor;

[0034] 2 - catalyst;

[0035] 3 - first fixing element, 31 - hook portion;

[0036] 4 - connecting fixing element;

[0037] 5 - tube cover, 51 - flow-through hole;

[0038] 6 - partition plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The utility model will be further described below through specific examples, but it needs to point out that the specific material ratio, process condition and result etc. described in the embodiment of the utility model only serve to illustrate the utility model, and cannot limit the protection scope of the utility model, and equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the utility model should be covered in the protection scope of the utility model.

[0040] One embodiment of the utility model provides a fixed bed reactor, the fixed bed reactor includes shell 1, the shell 1 is fixedly installed with several vertical column tubes 17, and the both sides of each column tube 17 are respectively provided with baffle 16, and the inside of all column tubes 17 is provided with reaction tube 18 for loading catalyst.

[0041] A driving motor 19 for driving the rotation of the reaction tubes is also installed in the shell 1, and the driving motor 19 is connected with all the reaction tubes 18; the fixed bed reactor further comprises a tube cover 5, which is covered on the top end of the reaction tube 18 and is buckled with the reaction tube 18, and a plurality of flow holes 51 are formed on the top surface of the tube cover 5.

[0042] In another embodiment, the fixed bed reactor further comprises a plurality of first fixing elements 3, the side wall of all the reaction tubes 18 is provided with a plurality of clamping holes, and the two ends of the first fixing element 3 are provided with hook portions 31, and the hook portions 31 at the two ends of the same first fixing element 3 can be clamped in the clamping holes of the adjacent reaction tubes 18.

[0043] In another embodiment, a plurality of partitions 6 are arranged in the reaction tube 18 in the horizontal direction, the partition 6 is provided with a plurality of through holes for the flow of liquid, and the distance between the adjacent partitions 6 is 18-22 mm.

[0044] In another embodiment, the fixed bed reactor further comprises a connecting fixing element 4 for connecting all the reaction tubes 18 in series, the inside of the column tube 17 is provided with a plurality of reaction tubes 18 arranged in layers in the vertical direction for loading catalyst, all the reaction tubes 18 are provided with a plurality of through holes for the flow of liquid, the reaction tube is in the shape of a hollow circular ring or a hollow sphere, the distance between the adjacent reaction tubes is 8-12 mm, all the reaction tubes inside the same column tube are fixed in the column tube 17 by the second fixing element 4 arranged in the vertical direction, and if the reaction tube 18 is in the shape of a hollow sphere, all the reaction tubes are arranged in the radial direction.

[0045] The following will be described in detail through specific examples. It should also be understood that the following examples are only used to specifically describe the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present application, and some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by the person skilled in the art according to the above content of the present application all belong to the protection scope of the present application. The following examples of specific process parameters are only one example in the appropriate range, i.e. the person skilled in the art can select within the appropriate range through the description herein, and not limited to the specific values of the following examples.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 The structure of the fixed bed reactor of the present embodiment is shown in the figure.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2The fixed bed reactor comprises a shell 1, the top of the shell 1 is provided with a feed inlet 11, the top of the shell 1 is provided with a discharge outlet 12, the upper part of the shell 1 is provided with a heat transfer medium outlet 13, the lower part of the shell 1 is provided with a heat transfer medium inlet 14, the shell 1 is provided with a transversely arranged hole plate 15, the hole plate 15 is located between the feed inlet 11 and the discharge outlet 12, and a plurality of distribution holes (not shown) for liquid flow are formed in the hole plate 15. A plurality of vertically arranged baffle plates 16 and a plurality of vertically arranged tubes 17 are fixedly installed in the shell 1, and the baffle plates 16 and the tubes 17 are located between the hole plate 15 and the discharge outlet 12. The two baffle plates 16 are respectively arranged on the two sides of the tube 17, and the two baffle plates 16 are flush with the top of the tube 17 and the bottom of the tube 17, that is, the bottom of one of the baffle plates 16 is flush with the bottom of the tube 17, and the top of the other baffle plate 16 is flush with the top of the tube 17. The inside of all the tubes 17 is provided with a reaction tube 18 for loading catalyst 2, and a driving motor 19 for driving the rotation of the reaction tube 18 is installed in the shell 1, and the driving motor 19 is connected with all the reaction tubes 18. The loading ratio of the catalyst in the reaction tube 18 can be 70%-90%.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the fixed bed reactor further comprises a plurality of first fixing elements 3, the side walls of all the reaction tubes 18 are provided with a plurality of clamping holes, the two ends of the first fixing element 3 are provided with hook portions 31, and the hook portions 31 at the two ends of the same first fixing element 3 can be clamped in the clamping holes of the adjacent reaction tubes 18. The material of the first fixing element 3 can be a steel wire with hook portions at both ends, which can be fixed to the top of the reaction tube 18 by welding or other methods, and the steel wire can be made of 304 stainless steel, 304L stainless steel, 316, 316L, etc. A plurality of flow guide holes (not shown) for liquid flow are formed in the bottom of the reaction tube 18, and the diameter of the flow guide holes is smaller than the diameter of the catalyst 2. The fixed bed reactor further comprises a tube cover 5, which is covered on the top end of the reaction tube 18 and is connected with the reaction tube 18 by buckling, and a plurality of through holes 51 are formed in the top surface of the tube cover 5. The buckling connection mode can be, for example, a button type buckle, a elastic buckle, etc.

[0050] Specifically, the embodiment adds a clamping hole to the side wall on both sides of the column tube 17, adds a first fixing element to the top of the reaction tube 18, adds a hook portion 31 to both ends of the first fixing element 3, and sets the hook portions 31 at both ends to be clamped in the clamping holes on both sides, so as to facilitate the fixing or replacement of the reaction tube 18, and improve the convenience of production. By adding a tube cover 5, the tube cover 5 is covered on the top end of the reaction tube 18 and is buckled with the reaction tube 18, and a plurality of flow holes 51 are opened on the top surface of the tube cover 5, so as to facilitate the opening and closing of the reaction tube through the tube cover 5, and improve the convenience of loading and replacing the catalyst. By adding a baffle 16 on both sides of each column tube 17, the heat transfer coefficient outside the tube can be improved by the baffle 16, the heat exchange efficiency is enhanced, and the yield of vinylene carbonate is further improved.

[0051] The principle of the fixed bed reactor of the embodiment is that by arranging the reaction tube 18 for loading the catalyst 2 inside all column tubes 17, and installing the driving motor 19 for driving the rotation of the reaction tube 18 in the shell 1, when the catalyst needs to be replaced, the reaction tube 18 can be directly taken out, and the catalyst 2 is replaced together with the reaction tube 18, which improves the convenience. During the synthesis of vinylene carbonate, the driving motor 19 drives the rotation of the reaction tube, and the catalyst 2 inside the reaction tube 18 rotates with it, which improves the contact area between the catalyst 2 and the raw material (vinyl carbonate), and further improves the yield of vinylene carbonate.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] Please refer to Figure 6 The difference between the embodiment and embodiment 1 is that a plurality of baffles 6 are arranged in the reaction tube 18 in the horizontal direction, the baffles are provided with a plurality of through holes (not shown) for liquid flow, and the distance between adjacent baffles 6 is 18-22 mm. The filling ratio of the catalyst in the reaction tube 18 can be 70%-90%.

[0054] In the embodiment, a plurality of baffles 6 are arranged in the reaction tube 18 in the horizontal direction, and the baffles 6 are provided with a plurality of through holes for liquid flow, which can make the liquid material such as vinyl carbonate flow from top to bottom, prolong the flow time of the liquid material such as vinyl carbonate in the vertical direction, increase the contact area between the liquid material such as vinyl carbonate and the catalyst, and further improve the yield of vinylene carbonate.

[0055] Embodiment 3

[0056] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9The difference between the embodiment and the embodiment 1 is that the fixed bed reactor further comprises a connecting fixing element 4 for connecting all the reaction tubes 18 in series, the inside of the column tube 17 is provided with a plurality of reaction tubes 18 for loading the catalyst 2 arranged in layers along the vertical direction, the reaction tube 18 is in a hollow circular ring shape (as shown in Figure 7 ) or a hollow circular spherical shape (as shown in Figure 8 ), and the bottom of all the reaction tubes 18 is provided with a plurality of through holes (not shown) for the flow of liquid. The distance between the adjacent reaction tubes 18 is 8-12mm, and all the reaction tubes 18 inside the same column tube 17 are fixed in the column tube 17 by the second fixing element 4 arranged along the vertical direction. The second fixing element can be a steel column made of stainless steel.

[0057] The embodiment can prolong the flow time of the liquid material such as ethylene carbonate along the vertical direction, increase the contact area between the liquid material such as ethylene carbonate and the catalyst, and further improve the yield of the vinylene carbonate by arranging a plurality of reaction tubes 18 for loading the catalyst 2 in layers along the vertical direction inside the column tube 17. By arranging the reaction tube 18 in a hollow circular ring shape or a hollow circular spherical shape, the rotation rate of the reaction tube can be improved, the contact area between the catalyst and the raw material (ethylene carbonate) is further improved, and the yield of the vinylene carbonate is further improved. By arranging the distance between the adjacent reaction tubes 18 to be 8-12mm, the loading amount of the catalyst can be ensured while ensuring the sufficient flow time of the liquid material such as ethylene carbonate along the vertical direction.

[0058] The above embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principle and effect of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A fixed bed reactor comprising a housing, in which a plurality of vertically arranged tubes are fixedly installed, characterized in that, All the column tubes are provided with reaction tubes for loading catalysts, and a driving motor for driving the reaction tubes to rotate is installed in the shell and connected with all the reaction tubes.

2. The fixed bed reactor of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of first fixing elements are further included, the side walls of all the reaction tubes are provided with a plurality of clamping holes, and both ends of the fixing elements are provided with hook portions, the hook portions at both ends of the same first fixing element can be clamped in the clamping holes of the adjacent reaction tubes respectively.

3. The fixed bed reactor of claim 1, wherein, A plurality of partitions are provided in the reaction tubes in the horizontal direction, and the partitions are provided with a plurality of through holes for liquid flow.

4. The fixed bed reactor of claim 3, wherein, The distance between the adjacent partitions is 18-22 mm.

5. The fixed bed reactor of claim 2, wherein, The column tubes are provided with a plurality of reaction tubes for loading catalysts arranged in layers in the vertical direction, and the bottoms of all the reaction tubes are provided with a plurality of through holes for liquid flow.

6. The fixed bed reactor of claim 5, wherein, The reaction tubes are in the shape of hollow circular rings or hollow spherical rings.

7. The fixed bed reactor of claim 5, wherein, The distance between the adjacent reaction tubes is 8-12 mm.

8. The fixed bed reactor of claim 1, wherein, All the reaction tubes inside the same column tube are fixed to the column tube by a second fixing element arranged in the vertical direction.

9. The fixed bed reactor of claim 1, wherein, Both sides of each column tube are provided with baffles.

10. The fixed bed reactor of claim 1, wherein, A tube cover is further included, the tube cover covers the top end of the reaction tube and is buckled to the reaction tube, and the top surface of the tube cover is provided with a plurality of flow holes.

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