Reaction device for preparing hydrogen by using ammonia gas
By using a ring-shaped catalyst frame and palladium membrane structure in an ammonia-to-hydrogen device, the problems of insufficient catalyst contact and inconvenient maintenance were solved, achieving efficient hydrogen production and collection and improving ammonia conversion efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520571094.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-28
AI Technical Summary
In the existing process of ammonia decomposition to produce hydrogen, the catalyst does not have sufficient contact with the gas, resulting in a low production rate. Furthermore, the catalyst is inconvenient to maintain, and the hydrogen collection efficiency is low, which affects the ammonia conversion efficiency.
A detachable annular catalyst rack and a flow-equalizing catalyst mesh are used to increase the catalyst contact area. A palladium membrane structure and flow guide are combined to improve hydrogen collection efficiency. A nickel-aluminum catalyst is used and an insulation chamber is set up to maintain reaction stability.
This improved the contact efficiency between ammonia and the catalyst, enhanced the hydrogen production and collection efficiency, simplified the catalyst maintenance process, and improved the overall performance of the reaction unit.
Smart Images
Figure CN223950737U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to hydrogen gas preparation field more specifically, relate to a kind of reaction device for preparing hydrogen gas using ammonia. BACKGROUND
[0002] Ammonia decomposition to prepare hydrogen gas is an important industrial process, especially in the energy transformation and hydrogen energy application increasingly important today, ammonia decomposition becomes an important hydrogen production route that is concerned about.Ammonia is a kind of chemical material with higher hydrogen density, can produce a large amount of hydrogen in the decomposition process, therefore, ammonia decomposition to prepare hydrogen is considered as an important direction of hydrogen production.
[0003] Ammonia decomposition to prepare hydrogen gas is generally carried out in a sealed pipeline, by providing suitable catalyst, temperature and other conditions, ammonia gas into the sealed pipeline occurs decomposition reaction, nitrogen and hydrogen are obtained, and through specific palladium membrane structure, the separation of hydrogen is realized.The above-mentioned catalyst generally uses nickel-aluminum catalyst, and the catalyst is directly coated on the inner wall of the pipeline, but the above-mentioned coating method cannot guarantee that the gas is in full contact with the catalyst, which affects the preparation rate of hydrogen gas.And when the catalytic efficiency of the catalyst decreases, the catalyst may need to be recoated or cleaned, and the direct coating on the inner wall of the pipeline makes the maintenance of the catalyst very inconvenient.The existing hydrogen separation is generally hydrogen natural diffusion through palladium membrane structure, and the hydrogen permeation efficiency is low, the collection efficiency is slow, and the hydrogen is not collected but discharged from the waste gas pipeline, which also affects the ammonia conversion efficiency in the pipeline. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model discloses a kind of reaction device for preparing hydrogen gas using ammonia, to solve the technical problems existing in the above background technology.
[0005] The utility model technical scheme provides a kind of reaction device for preparing hydrogen gas using ammonia, including reaction pipeline, gas inlet, hydrogen outlet and nitrogen outlet are provided on reaction pipeline, still including the catalytic device and palladium membrane structure being set in the reaction pipeline;
[0006] The catalytic device includes detachable annular catalytic frame being set in reaction pipeline, uniform flow catalytic net plate between the gas inlet and the annular catalytic frame, the uniform flow catalytic net plate is fixedly connected with the annular catalytic frame, the annular catalytic frame and the uniform flow catalytic net plate are coated with catalyst, and the annular catalytic frame is suspended and is concentrically arranged with the reaction pipeline;
[0007] The palladium membrane structure includes a busbar structure and a tubular palladium membrane piece mounted on the busbar structure, the tubular palladium membrane piece is provided with a flow guide piece, the flow guide piece is communicated with the busbar structure, and the busbar structure is connected with a negative pressure generating mechanism.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the length of the annular catalytic frame is adapted to the length of the reaction pipe, and the annular catalytic frame is provided with a plurality of catalytic pipes along the outer periphery of the annular catalytic frame.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the annular catalytic frame and the catalytic pipe are both in a mesh structure.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate is adapted to the inner diameter of the reaction pipe, and the annular catalytic frame is provided with a connecting seat extending therefrom, and the connecting seat is fixed with the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the outer part of the annular catalytic frame is provided with a limiting guide strip, and the reaction pipe is provided with a limiting guide groove, and the limiting guide strip is inserted into the limiting guide groove.
[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of tubular palladium membrane members are arranged at intervals and extend into the inner region of the annular catalytic frame.
[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the flow guide member comprises a flow guide pipe, and a plurality of air guide holes are uniformly arranged on the flow guide pipe, and the air outlet end of the flow guide pipe is located in the flow converging structure.
[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the reaction pipe is provided with a heat preservation cavity at both ends.
[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical scheme of the utility model are as follows:
[0016] The annular catalytic frame, the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate and the catalytic pipe provide sufficient attachment area for the catalyst, increase the contact area of ammonia gas and the catalyst, improve the ammonia gas conversion efficiency, and the annular catalytic frame can be disassembled and maintained conveniently. The palladium membrane structure cooperates with the flow guide pipe to improve the hydrogen gas passing rate, thereby improving the hydrogen gas collection efficiency and avoiding excessive hydrogen gas in the reaction pipe to affect the ammonia gas conversion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model,
[0018] Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the utility model,
[0019] Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the catalytic device of the utility model,
[0020] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the palladium membrane structure of the utility model.
[0021] Explanation of reference signs: 1 reaction pipeline, 2 gas inlet, 3 hydrogen outlet, 4 nitrogen outlet, 5 catalytic device, 51 annular catalytic frame, 52 flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate, 53 catalytic tube, 54 connecting seat, 55 limiting guide bar, 6 palladium membrane structure, 61 tubular palladium membrane piece, 62 flow guide pipe, 63 gas guide hole, 64 flow-converging structure, 7 heat preservation cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The embodiments of the present application are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the present application to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. Embodiments are chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the present application and its practical application, and to enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the present application, with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
[0023] As shown in the drawings, Figures 1-4 The technical scheme of the present application provides a reaction device for preparing hydrogen gas from ammonia gas, which comprises a reaction pipeline 1, a gas inlet 2, a hydrogen outlet 3 and a nitrogen outlet 4 arranged on the reaction pipeline 1, a catalytic device 5 and a palladium membrane structure 6 arranged in the reaction pipeline 1. Ammonia gas is introduced into the reaction pipeline 1 through the gas inlet 2, and the catalytic device 5 arranged in the reaction pipeline 1 can promote the decomposition of ammonia gas to produce hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas. The palladium membrane structure 6 only allows hydrogen gas to pass through, thereby realizing the separation of hydrogen gas. The separated hydrogen gas is discharged through the hydrogen outlet 3 and collected by a corresponding collection device, while the nitrogen gas and its impurities are discharged through the nitrogen outlet 4 and collected by a corresponding collection device. The catalyst used in the catalytic device 5 is a nickel-aluminum catalyst.
[0024] The catalytic device 5 comprises an annular catalytic frame 51 arranged in the reaction pipeline 1 in a detachable manner, and a flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate 52 located between the gas inlet 2 and the annular catalytic frame 51. The flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate 52 is fixedly connected with the annular catalytic frame 51, and both the annular catalytic frame 51 and the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate 52 are coated with a catalyst.
[0025] In the above scheme, the diameter of the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate 52 is adapted to the inner diameter of the reaction pipe 1, and the annular catalytic frame 51 is provided with a connecting seat 54 extending upward, and the connecting seat 54 is fixed with the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate 52. After the ammonia gas enters the reaction pipe 1, it is first uniformly dispersed by the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate 52, and the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate 52 is coated with a catalyst, which provides a catalyst environment for the ammonia gas while equalizing the flow, thereby achieving the preliminary decomposition of the ammonia gas. Then, the undecomposed ammonia gas continues to move to the hydrogen gas outlet side, and the catalyst provided on the annular catalytic frame 51 also provides a catalyst environment for the decomposition of the ammonia gas. The annular catalytic frame 51 is suspended and concentrically arranged in the reaction pipe 1, thereby achieving sufficient contact between the ammonia gas and the catalyst.
[0026] Further, in order to ensure that the ammonia gas can be in more sufficient contact with the catalyst, so as to make the ammonia gas reaction complete and improve the preparation rate of hydrogen gas, the length of the annular catalytic frame 51 is adapted to the length of the reaction pipe 1, and a plurality of catalytic pipes 53 are arranged along the outer periphery of the annular catalytic frame 51. The catalytic pipe 53 can increase the coating area of the catalyst, thereby increasing the contact area with the gas in the reaction pipe 1, increasing the conversion efficiency, and at the same time, the annular catalytic frame 51 and the catalytic pipe 53 are both arranged in a mesh structure, and the mesh structure is uniformly distributed with mesh holes, and the catalyst can be attached in the gaps of the mesh structure, thereby further increasing the conversion efficiency.
[0027] In order to facilitate the maintenance of the catalytic device 5, the annular catalytic frame 51 is detachably arranged in the reaction pipe 1, and a limiting guide strip 55 is arranged on the outside of the annular catalytic frame 51, and a limiting guide groove (not shown in the figure) is arranged in the reaction pipe 1. The limiting guide strip 55 is slidably connected with the limiting guide groove, and when the annular catalytic frame 51 is fixed, the limiting guide strip 55 is inserted into the limiting guide groove, and when it is disassembled, the limiting guide strip 55 is separated from the limiting guide groove.
[0028] The palladium membrane structure 6 includes a current-converging structure 64 and a tubular palladium membrane piece 61 mounted on the current-converging structure 64, and a flow guide piece is arranged in the tubular palladium membrane piece 61, the flow guide piece communicates with the current-converging structure 64, and the current-converging structure 64 is connected with a negative pressure generating mechanism. The tubular palladium membrane piece 61 only allows hydrogen gas to pass through, and the hydrogen gas generated in the reaction pipe 1 enters the inside of the tubular palladium membrane piece 61 from the outside of the tubular palladium membrane piece 61, then enters the current-converging structure 64 through the flow guide piece, and is discharged through the hydrogen gas outlet 3 for collection. The tubular palladium membrane pieces 61 are arranged at intervals, and all extend into the inner region of the annular catalytic frame 51. By arranging a plurality of tubular palladium membrane pieces 61, the hydrogen gas collection efficiency is increased, and the tubular palladium membrane pieces 61 do not interfere with each other, and can all independently collect hydrogen gas.
[0029] The flow guide piece comprises a flow guide pipe 62, a plurality of air guide holes 63 are uniformly arranged on the flow guide pipe 62, and the air outlet end of the flow guide pipe 62 is located in the flow converging structure 64. When collecting hydrogen, in order to ensure the permeation efficiency of hydrogen, a negative pressure generating mechanism is arranged, so that the flow converging structure 64 is in a negative pressure state, and then the flow guide pipe 62 is in a state of sucking air into the flow converging pipe, thereby increasing the efficiency of hydrogen outside the tubular palladium membrane piece 61 entering the inside of the tubular palladium membrane piece 61. In order to avoid that the air suction has a great influence on the airflow in the pipeline, the negative pressure of the flow converging pipe should not be too large, and the actual reaction condition is specifically set.
[0030] At the same time, in order to ensure that the temperature condition in the reaction tube meets the reaction requirement, the heat preservation cavities 7 are arranged at both ends of the reaction pipeline 1, so that the heat loss in the reaction pipeline 1 can be avoided, the reaction is stable, and the burden of the heating device is reduced.
[0031] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art and related fields without creative labor should belong to the protection scope of the present application. The structures, devices and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present application, such as without special description and limitation, are implemented according to the conventional means in the art.
Claims
1. A reaction device for producing hydrogen gas by using ammonia gas, comprising a reaction tube, a gas inlet, a hydrogen gas outlet and a nitrogen gas outlet are arranged on the reaction tube, characterized in that: The catalytic device and the palladium membrane structure are arranged in the reaction pipeline; The catalytic device comprises a ring-shaped catalytic frame arranged in the reaction pipeline in a detachable manner, and a flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate arranged between the gas inlet and the ring-shaped catalytic frame, wherein the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate is fixedly connected with the ring-shaped catalytic frame, and the ring-shaped catalytic frame and the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate are both coated with a catalyst, the ring-shaped catalytic frame is arranged in a suspended manner and is arranged concentrically with the reaction pipeline; The palladium membrane structure comprises a current-collecting structure and a tubular palladium membrane piece mounted on the current-collecting structure, the tubular palladium membrane piece is provided with a flow guide piece therein, the flow guide piece is in communication with the current-collecting structure, and the current-collecting structure is connected with a negative pressure generating mechanism.
2. The reaction device for producing hydrogen gas using ammonia gas according to claim 1, characterized by: The length of the ring-shaped catalytic frame is adapted to the length of the reaction pipeline, and the ring-shaped catalytic frame is provided with a plurality of catalytic tubes along the outer periphery of the ring-shaped catalytic frame.
3. The reaction device for producing hydrogen gas using ammonia gas according to claim 2, characterized by: The ring-shaped catalytic frame and the catalytic tubes are both in a mesh structure.
4. The reaction device for producing hydrogen gas using ammonia gas according to claim 1, characterized by: The diameter of the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate is adapted to the inner diameter of the reaction pipeline, the ring-shaped catalytic frame is provided with a connecting seat extending therefrom, and the connecting seat is fixed with the flow-equalizing catalytic mesh plate.
5. The reaction device for producing hydrogen gas using ammonia gas according to claim 1, characterized by: The ring-shaped catalytic frame is provided with a limiting guide strip on the outside, the reaction pipeline is provided with a limiting guide groove, and the limiting guide strip is inserted into the limiting guide groove.
6. The reaction device for producing hydrogen gas using ammonia gas according to claim 1, characterized by: The tubular palladium membrane pieces are arranged at intervals and all extend into the internal region of the ring-shaped catalytic frame.
7. The reaction device for producing hydrogen gas using ammonia gas according to claim 1, characterized by: The flow guide piece comprises a flow guide pipe, a plurality of air guide holes are uniformly arranged on the flow guide pipe, and the air outlet end of the flow guide pipe is located in the current-collecting structure.
8. The reaction device for producing hydrogen gas using ammonia gas according to claim 1, characterized by: The reaction pipeline is provided with a heat preservation cavity at both ends.