Firing kiln for heavy reduction of red porcelain utensil raw ore

Abstract

The firing kiln comprises a kiln body, a smoke outlet, an air inlet control part, a moving part and a kiln door, a refractory brick layer is arranged in the kiln body, a refractory brick layer is arranged on the inner side of the kiln door, the kiln door and the kiln body are hinged to form a closed firing space, the smoke outlet is formed in the top of the kiln body, and the moving part is arranged on the top of the kiln body. The gas inlet control part is communicated with the firing space and controls the gas flow into the firing space, and the moving part is connected with the inner side and the outer side of the kiln body. The firing temperature and the oxygen content are controlled through the air inlet control part, the yield of heavy reduction firing of the purple sand is further achieved, and the device has the beneficial effects that the yield is high, the quality is reliable, the device is suitable for large-scale industrial production, the reduction degree of raw ore purple sand is high, and the finished purple sand appliance is attractive.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to purple sand utensil firing technical field, more particularly to a kind of firing kiln of purple sand utensil raw ore heavy reduction. BACKGROUND

[0002] Purple sand teapot is a kind of traditional teapot in China. The material for making purple sand teapot is purple sand clay, which is composed of three basic clays, namely purple clay, green clay and red clay.

[0003] The purple sand raw material of purple clay and red clay is clay with iron oxide content of 7.44%-8.60%, quartz and mica-based symbiotic mineral, while the iron oxide content of green clay is about 4%. Therefore, in the existing purple sand firing process, the iron oxide in the purple sand clay is still in the form of iron oxide after firing. The principle of reduction firing is as follows: when the temperature in the kiln reaches a certain level, the oxygen in the kiln is reduced to create an oxygen-deficient firing environment, and the remaining small amount of oxygen is also continuously consumed by combustion. Due to the large amount of carbon ash generated during the firing process, a reducing atmosphere cannot be formed in the local environment, resulting in local firing temperature difference and kiln pressure difference in the direct contact between the body and the charcoal and the flame. Under this mixed atmosphere, the body is completely reduced, and the ferric oxide in the embryo is reduced to ferrous oxide.

[0004] In the prior art, the yield of the reduction firing process still depends on luck. The main reason for the yield of the reduction firing process still depending on luck is that the state of the body during the reduction firing process, the firing temperature and the oxygen content in the firing space cannot be controlled, so there is no equipment in the prior art that can accurately and batch produce black and bright color, high yield and accurately controlled firing temperature.

[0005] At the same time, during the firing process, the kiln needs to be moved in and out, which not only increases the labor intensity but also is unsafe. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0006] To solve the above problems, the utility model provides a kind of firing kiln of purple sand utensil raw ore heavy reduction and its firing method, which has the beneficial effects of high yield, reliable quality, adaptability to large-scale industrial production, high reduction degree of raw ore purple sand, and beautiful appearance of purple sand utensil.

[0007] In one aspect, the utility model discloses a kind of firing kiln of purple sand utensil raw ore heavy reduction, comprising: kiln body, smoke outlet, air inlet control part, moving part and kiln door, kiln body is equipped with refractory brick layer, kiln door inner side is equipped with refractory brick layer, kiln door is hinged with kiln body and forms airtight firing space, smoke outlet is set at the top of kiln body, air inlet control part is communicated with firing space and controls the gas flow to firing space, moving part connects kiln body inner side and outer side.By using air inlet control part, the control of firing temperature and oxygen content is realized, and the yield of purple sand heavy reduction firing is further realized.

[0008] In some embodiments, the firing temperature is at most 1300 DEG C. To meet the temperature required for purple sand forming.

[0009] In some embodiments, a one-way valve is provided in the smoke outlet. To ensure that the oxygen content in the firing space is low to form a reducing atmosphere.

[0010] In some embodiments, the air inlet control part includes: a plurality of air inlet pipes, a gas pump, a control part and a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is arranged in the firing space, the air inlet pipes are distributed on the inner wall of the kiln body, the gas pump is communicated with the air inlet pipes, the control part is connected with the gas pump and the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor feeds back to the control part, and the control part drives the gas pump to operate and then makes the air inlet pipes blow air into the firing space. By controlling the type and speed of blowing, the temperature and oxygen content in the firing space are controlled, and the yield is further ensured.

[0011] In some embodiments, the gas blown into the firing space by the air inlet pipe is air or nitrogen, and the air inlet pipe is connected with a nitrogen tank. By blowing nitrogen and air, the oxygen content in the firing kiln can be controlled, and oxygen is increased for combustion in the early stage, and nitrogen is blown to realize a reducing atmosphere in the later stage.

[0012] In some embodiments, the moving part includes: a track, a moving assembly and an outer frame, the track extends from the inside of the kiln body to the outside of the kiln body, the bottom of the moving assembly is connected with the track and moves along the track to the inside or outside of the kiln body, and the outer frame is detachably installed on the top of the moving assembly. The moving assembly is pushed into the kiln for firing through the track, and is pushed out after completion, which is labor-saving and safe, and the outer frame prevents the placed saggar from falling and causing damage to the product when the moving assembly moves.

[0013] In some embodiments, the moving assembly includes: a placing plate and rollers, the rollers are installed on the bottom of the placing plate, there are at least four rollers, the rollers cooperate with the track and can reciprocate on the track. The placing plate moves stably by the cooperation of the rollers and the track.

[0014] In some embodiments, the top of the placing plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, and an outer frame is detachably inserted into the mounting holes, and the outer frame surrounds the top of the placing plate. The outer frame prevents the placed sagger from toppling over and causing damage to the product when the moving assembly moves, and the outer frame is removed during firing.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are: high yield, reliable quality, suitable for large-scale industrial production, high reduction degree of raw purple sand, and beautiful finished product of purple sand appliance. The utility model discloses a kind of gas control parts, to realize the control of firing temperature and oxygen content, further realize the yield of purple sand heavy reduction firing;By check valve to ensure that the oxygen content in the firing space is low to form reducing atmosphere;By controlling the type of blowing and the speed of blowing, the temperature and oxygen content in the firing space are controlled, to further ensure the yield;By blowing nitrogen and air, the oxygen content in the firing kiln can be controlled, oxygen is increased in the early stage to assist combustion, and nitrogen is blown in the later stage to realize reducing atmosphere;The moving assembly is pushed into the kiln for firing by track, and is pushed out after completion, which is labor-saving and safe, and the outer frame prevents the placed sagger from toppling over and causing damage to the product when the moving assembly moves;By roller and track cooperation, the placing plate moves stably;By outer frame, the placed sagger is prevented from toppling over and causing damage to the product when the moving assembly moves, and the outer frame is removed during firing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the utility model of a kind of purple sand appliance raw ore heavy reduction firing kiln;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the utility model of a kind of purple sand appliance raw ore heavy reduction firing kiln movement;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a structure schematic view of the utility model of a kind of purple sand appliance raw ore heavy reduction firing kiln movement;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a principle diagram of the utility model of a kind of purple sand appliance raw ore heavy reduction firing kiln gas control part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments.

[0021] As Figure 1As shown, the present invention discloses a kiln for the reductive firing of Zisha (purple clay) ore, comprising: a kiln body 1, a flue gas outlet 2, an air inlet control unit 3, a moving part 77, and a kiln door 4. The kiln body 1 contains a refractory brick layer 5, and the kiln door 4 also contains a refractory brick layer 5 on its inner side. The kiln door 4 is hinged to the kiln body 1, forming a sealed firing space 6. The flue gas outlet 2 is located at the top of the kiln body 1. The air inlet control unit 3 communicates with the firing space 6 and controls the gas flow rate into the firing space 6. The moving part 77 connects the inner and outer sides of the kiln body 1. By utilizing the air inlet control unit 3 to control the firing temperature and oxygen content, the yield of Zisha ore produced through reductive firing is further improved.

[0022] The maximum firing temperature is 1300℃, to meet the temperature requirements for shaping Zisha clay.

[0023] The specific implementation shall be carried out in accordance with the following steps:

[0024] S1. Place the blank into the sagger, fill it with charcoal, then place the blank into the sagger, and then seal the sagger.

[0025] S2. Kiln entry: Place multiple saggers to be fired into the firing space 6 inside the kiln body 1.

[0026] S3. Heat up the kiln and ignite the fuel. Within 4-6 hours, raise the temperature inside the kiln from the ambient temperature of 25℃ to 1150℃~1250℃.

[0027] S4. Constant temperature firing: maintain a temperature of 1100℃~1250℃ for 1.5 hours to 3 hours.

[0028] S5. Low-temperature firing: Reduce the temperature inside the kiln to 950℃~1050℃ and fire for 4 to 5 hours.

[0029] S6. Cooling out of the kiln: Allow the kiln temperature to cool naturally to the ambient temperature of 25°C, then remove the sagger. The firing of the Zisha ware is now complete.

[0030] A one-way valve 21 is installed inside the smoke outlet 2 to ensure that the oxygen content in the firing space 6 is low, thus forming a reducing atmosphere.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the air intake control unit 3 includes: several air intake pipes 31, an air pump 32, a control unit 33, and a temperature sensor 34. The temperature sensor 34 is installed in the firing space 6. The air intake pipes 31 are distributed on the inner wall of the kiln body 1. The air pump 32 is connected to the air intake pipes 31. The control unit 33 is connected to the air pump 32 and the temperature sensor 34. The temperature sensor 34 provides feedback to the control unit 33, which drives the air pump 32 to operate, thereby causing the air intake pipes 31 to blow air into the firing space 6. By controlling the type and speed of the blown air, the temperature and oxygen content in the firing space 6 are controlled, further ensuring the yield of finished products.

[0032] The gas blown into the firing space 6 by the air inlet pipe 31 is air or nitrogen. The air inlet pipe 31 is connected to a nitrogen tank. By blowing in nitrogen and air, the oxygen content in the firing kiln can be controlled, the oxygen content is increased in the early stage to facilitate combustion, and nitrogen is blown in the later stage to achieve a reducing atmosphere.

[0033] When the control air pump 32 blows a large amount of air into the firing space 6, it is a temperature rising operation, when the control air pump 32 blows less air into the firing space 6, it is a slow cooling operation, and when the control air pump 32 blows nitrogen into the firing space 6, it is a slow cooling or rapid cooling operation.

[0034] The temperature sensor 34 feeds back the temperature in the firing space 6 to the control unit 33; the control unit 33 controls the air pump 32 to increase the flow of air blown into the firing space 6 according to the preset program; the temperature in the firing space 6 is constantly monitored by the temperature sensor 34 and fed back to the control unit 33; until the preset temperature is reached, the control unit 33 controls the air pump 32 to blow a stable flow of air into the firing space 6 according to the preset program.

[0035] The temperature sensor 34 feeds back the temperature in the firing space 6 to the control unit 33; the control unit 33 controls the air pump 32 to increase the flow of nitrogen blown into the firing space 6 according to the preset program; the temperature in the firing space 6 is constantly monitored by the temperature sensor 34 and fed back to the control unit 33; until the preset temperature is reached, the control unit 33 controls the air pump 32 to blow a stable flow of air into the firing space 6 according to the preset program.

[0036] In the heavy reduction firing method of purple sand raw ore, it is particularly important to create an oxygen-deficient firing environment for the outside and inside of the purple sand utensil at the same time, and to use charcoal firing. Because a large amount of carbon ash is produced during charcoal firing, it cannot produce an oxidation reaction in the local environment to form a reducing atmosphere, causing a temperature difference and kiln pressure difference in the direct contact between the body and the charcoal and the flame. Under this mixed atmosphere, the body is completely reduced, and the ferric oxide in the body is reduced to ferrous oxide. However, the control of the kiln temperature and time needs to be accurate.

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 The moving part 7 includes a track 71, a moving assembly 72 and an outer frame 73. The track 71 extends from inside the kiln body 1 to outside the kiln body 1, the bottom of the moving assembly 72 is connected to the track 71 and moves along the track 71 to the inside or outside of the kiln body 1, and the outer frame 73 is detachably mounted on the top of the moving assembly 72. The moving assembly 72 is pushed into the kiln through the track 71 for firing, and then pulled out after completion, which is labor-saving and safe, and at the same time, the outer frame 73 prevents the placed saggar from toppling over and causing damage to the product when the moving assembly 72 moves.

[0038] As shown in Figure 3As shown, the moving assembly 72 comprises a placing plate 74 and rollers 75 mounted at the bottom of the placing plate 74, the rollers 75 are provided with at least four, and the rollers 75 are matched with the track 71 and can reciprocate on the track 71. The stable movement of the placing plate 74 is realized by matching the rollers 75 with the track 71.

[0039] The top of the placing plate 74 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 76, and the outer frame 73 is detachably inserted into the mounting holes 76, and the outer frame 73 surrounds the top of the placing plate 74. The outer frame 73 prevents the placed sagger from being tilted to cause damage to the product during the movement of the moving assembly 72, and the outer frame 73 is removed during the firing.

[0040] In actual production, the track 71, the moving assembly 72 and the outer frame 73 are made of metal with high melting point, and the melting point is higher than 1300 degrees Celsius, and ordinary steel can be used considering economy, and the ordinary steel is easy to process and has a melting point above 1500 degrees Celsius.

[0041] The track 71 can be an I-shaped steel rail, two parallel tracks 71 are provided, the rollers 75 are matched with the two parallel tracks 71, the outer frame 73 is a steel pipe welded into a mesh shape, and the bottom of the outer frame 73 is inserted into the mounting hole 76.

[0042] The above only describes some embodiments of the present application, and it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, other deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the creative concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A firing kiln for the primary reduction of a purple clay utensil, characterized in that, The kiln body, the smoke outlet, the air inlet control part, the moving part and the kiln door are provided with the refractory brick layer, the kiln door is hinged to the kiln body and forms a closed firing space, the smoke outlet is arranged on the top of the kiln body, the air inlet control part is communicated with the firing space and controls the gas flow into the firing space, and the moving part is connected to the inner side and the outer side of the kiln body. The firing temperature is up to 1300℃.

2. A firing kiln for the reduction of raw materials for the production of purple sand utensils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smoke outlet is provided with a one-way valve.

3. A firing kiln for the primitive ore reduction of a purple sand utensil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet control part comprises a plurality of air inlet pipes, an air pump, a control part and a temperature sensor, the temperature sensor is arranged in the firing space, the air inlet pipes are distributed on the inner wall of the kiln body, the air pump is communicated with the air inlet pipes, the control part is connected to the air pump and the temperature sensor, the temperature sensor feeds back to the control part, and the control part drives the air pump to operate and then makes the air inlet pipes blow air into the firing space.

4. The firing kiln for the raw ore reduction of a purple sand utensil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air blown into the firing space by the air inlet pipes is air or nitrogen, and the air inlet pipes are connected to the nitrogen tank.

5. A firing kiln for the reduction of raw materials for the production of a purple sand utensil according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moving part comprises a track, a moving assembly and an outer frame, the track extends from the inside of the kiln body to the outside of the kiln body, the bottom of the moving assembly is connected to the track and moves along the track to the inside or outside of the kiln body, and the outer frame is detachably mounted on the top of the moving assembly.

6. A firing kiln for the primitive ore reduction of a purple sand utensil according to claim 4, characterized in that, The moving assembly comprises a placing plate and a plurality of rollers, the rollers are mounted on the bottom of the placing plate, the rollers are provided with at least four, the rollers are matched with the track and can reciprocatingly move on the track.

7. A firing kiln for the reduction of raw materials for the production of a purple sand utensil according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top of the placing plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, the outer frame is detachably inserted into the mounting holes, and the outer frame surrounds the top of the placing plate.

8. A firing kiln for the reduction of raw materials for the production of a purple sand utensil according to claim 7, characterized in that, ​

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