Heat exchanger plate group structure, heat exchanger core structure and heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of heat exchangers, and discloses a heat exchanger plate group structure, a heat exchanger core body structure and a heat exchanger, which comprise a first heat exchange plate, a middle layer plate and a second heat exchange plate which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, a hot side runner is arranged on the upper surface of the first heat exchange plate; a plurality of lattice structures are arranged on the upper surface of the middle-layer plate sheet, a plurality of third grooves are formed among the lattice structures, and a middle-layer flow channel is formed by the third grooves; the middle layer runner is filled with liquid metal; wherein the liquid metal is used for realizing phase change energy storage or phase change heat exchange; a cold side runner is arranged on the upper surface of the second heat exchange plate; heat transfer is achieved through phase change heat storage or heat exchange of the liquid metal, deformation or cracks caused by uneven thermal stress of the plates can be avoided, the heat exchanger is suitable for the working condition that the thermophysical property difference of the two sides of the heat exchanger is large, and reliable operation of equipment can be effectively guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to heat exchanger technical field, especially related to a heat exchanger plate set structure, heat exchanger core structure and heat exchanger. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of energy utilization technology and energy equipment, heat exchanger as the key equipment to realize heat transfer is widely used in many fields such as light and heat energy storage, LNG and hydrogen energy utilization, new type high efficiency power generation system, fine chemical industry, IV nuclear reactor system, and its performance directly affects the energy consumption and operating cost of the whole system. With the continuous development of industrial production and the increasing requirement of energy utilization efficiency, the traditional heat exchanger gradually cannot meet the demand in some aspects, and developing new type high efficiency heat exchanger becomes an inevitable trend.

[0003] In some occasions with high pressure, high temperature and limited heat exchange space, high efficiency, high compactness, high temperature and pressure resistance, high reliability heat exchanger is needed. At present, printed circuit board type heat exchanger (PCHE) manufactured by optical etching and diffusion welding technology is mainly used, and its core advantage lies in that it has smaller channel size (generally 0.1-3mm), the core body forms a whole after welding, and the strength of the weld can reach 95% of the base material, so that PCHE has the advantages of high heat transfer coefficient, high compactness and high strength, can realize efficient heat transfer in limited space, effectively improve energy utilization efficiency and meet the pursuit of miniaturization, light weight and high efficiency of modern industry.

[0004] However, the existing PCHE still has the following problems in the application process:

[0005] Taking the field of nuclear fusion as an example, SCO2 working medium is usually used to guide the heat of liquid metal PbLi working medium to the downstream system, and the thermal physical properties of the working medium on both sides of the heat exchanger are quite different, resulting in a large temperature difference between the working medium on both sides. For example, the operating temperature of the liquid metal PbLi working medium side is 400-600 DEG C, and the operating temperature of the SCO2 working medium side is 300-450 DEG C. When the temperature difference of the working medium on both sides is large and the temperature of each changes sharply during the heat exchange process, the existing PCHE is prone to deformation or cracking due to uneven thermal stress, resulting in equipment damage and reducing reliability. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0006] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the utility model provides a heat exchanger plate set structure, heat exchanger core structure and heat exchanger to solve the technical problems that when the temperature difference of the working medium on both sides is large and the temperature of each changes sharply during the heat exchange process, the existing PCHE is prone to deformation or cracking due to uneven thermal stress, resulting in equipment damage and reducing reliability.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that

[0008] The utility model provides a kind of heat exchanger plate group structure, including first heat exchange sheet, intermediate layer sheet and second heat exchange sheet that are sequentially stacked from bottom to top are arranged;

[0009] The upper surface of the first heat exchange sheet is provided with hot side flow channel;

[0010] The upper surface of the intermediate layer sheet is provided with several dot matrix structures, and several third grooves are formed between several dot matrix structures, and several third grooves constitute intermediate layer flow channel;The inside of the intermediate layer sheet is provided with a filling cavity, and the filling cavity is filled with liquid metal;Wherein, the liquid metal is used to realize phase change heat storage or phase change heat transfer;

[0011] The upper surface of the second heat exchange sheet is provided with cold side flow channel.

[0012] Further, the hot side flow channel includes several first grooves arranged on the upper surface of the first heat exchange sheet, and the first grooves are arranged in a straight line on the upper surface of the first heat exchange sheet.

[0013] Further, the cross section of the first groove is rectangular, and the depth of the first groove is 1-3mm.

[0014] Further, the cold side flow channel includes several second grooves arranged on the upper surface of the second heat exchange sheet, and the second grooves are arranged in a straight line, S type or Z type on the upper surface of the second heat exchange sheet.

[0015] Further, the cross section of the second groove is rectangular, and the depth of the second groove is 1-3mm.

[0016] Further, the filling cavity is also filled with metal foam.

[0017] Further, the flow direction of hot fluid in the hot side flow channel is the same as the flow direction of cold fluid in the cold side flow channel.

[0018] The utility model also provides a kind of heat exchanger core structure, including several layers of heat exchange plate group that are sequentially stacked from top to bottom;Wherein, each heat exchange plate group uses the heat exchanger plate group structure described above;

[0019] In each heat exchange plate group, the periphery of the first heat exchange sheet extends to form a sheet extension in the direction away from the sheet center respectively;Plate group fixing hole is opened on the sheet extension, and the plate group fixing hole is used to fix adjacent two heat exchange plate groups by pre-set fixing piece.

[0020] Further, a sensor arrangement point is arranged between the two adjacent heat exchange plate groups; a sensor for monitoring the running state parameters of the heat exchange plate group is arranged at the sensor arrangement point.

[0021] The utility model further provides a heat exchanger, including heat exchanger plate group structure or heat exchanger core structure.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0023] The heat exchanger plate group structure, the heat exchanger core structure and the heat exchanger provided by the utility model form a structure similar to a heat plate by arranging the intermediate layer plate between the first heat exchange plate and the second heat exchange plate and filling the liquid metal in the filling cavity of the intermediate layer plate, and then realize heat transfer through the phase change heat storage or heat exchange of the liquid metal, which can avoid deformation or cracks of the plate caused by uneven thermal stress, is suitable for the working condition that the thermal physical properties of the two sides of the heat exchanger are quite different, and can effectively ensure the reliable operation of the equipment.

[0024] Further, the heat conduction capacity can be effectively increased by filling the metal foam porous structure in the intermediate layer plate.

[0025] Further, the flow direction of the hot fluid is the same as that of the cold fluid, and the temperature gradient between the plates is reduced.

[0026] Further, the sensor arrangement point is arranged between the two adjacent heat exchange plate groups, and the sensor for monitoring the running state parameters of the heat exchange plate group is arranged at the sensor arrangement point, which can effectively detect the running temperature of the plate and then realize online measurement of the safe operation characteristics of the heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 The overall structure schematic view of the heat exchanger plate group structure provided for the embodiment 1 is shown in the figure.

[0028] Figure 2 The side view of the heat exchanger plate group structure provided for the embodiment 1 is shown in the figure.

[0029] Figure 3 The top view of the heat exchanger plate group structure provided for the embodiment 1 is shown in the figure.

[0030] Figure 4 The overall structure schematic view of the heat exchanger core structure provided for the embodiment 2 is shown in the figure.

[0031] Wherein, 1 first heat exchange sheet, 2 middle layer sheet, 3 second heat exchange sheet, 4 dot matrix structure, 5 sensor arrangement point; 11 first heat exchange channel entrance, 12 first heat exchange channel exit, 13 sheet extension section, 14 sheet group fixing hole;31 second heat exchange channel entrance, 32 second heat exchange channel exit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical problems solved by the utility model, technical scheme and beneficial effects more clearly and clearly, the following specific embodiments are used to further explain the utility model. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0033] Embodiment 1

[0034] As shown in the accompanying Figures 1-3 The embodiment 1 provides a heat exchanger sheet group structure, which comprises first heat exchange sheet 1, middle layer sheet 2 and second heat exchange sheet 3 which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top.

[0035] In the embodiment 1, the upper surface of the first heat exchange sheet 1 is provided with a hot side flow channel;Specifically, the hot side flow channel comprises a plurality of first grooves arranged on the upper surface of the first heat exchange sheet 1, and the first grooves are arranged in a straight line on the upper surface of the first heat exchange sheet 1;Preferably, the cross section of the first groove is rectangular, and the depth of the first groove is 1-3mm;One end of the side edge of the first heat exchange sheet 1 is provided with a first heat exchange channel entrance 11, and the other end of the side edge of the first heat exchange sheet 1 is provided with a first heat exchange channel exit 12;The first heat exchange channel entrance 11 is communicated with the inlet of the hot side flow channel, and the first heat exchange channel exit 12 is communicated with the outlet of the hot side flow channel.

[0036] In the embodiment 1, the upper surface of the middle layer sheet 2 is provided with a plurality of dot matrix structures 4, a plurality of third grooves are formed between a plurality of dot matrix structures, and a plurality of third grooves constitute a middle layer flow channel;Wherein, the dot matrix structure 4 is a columnar structure vertically arranged on the upper surface of the middle layer sheet 2 and is arrayed;Preferably, the cross section of the columnar structure is rhombic.

[0037] The inner part of the intermediate layer sheet 2 is provided with a filling cavity, which is arranged along the planar direction of the intermediate layer sheet and is arranged close to one side of the dot matrix structure 4; the filling cavity is filled with liquid metal, which is used to realize phase change heat storage or phase change heat transfer; the filling cavity is also filled with metal foam, which is a metal material containing a porous structure, and the material of the metal foam is the same as that of the intermediate layer sheet 2; the metal foam is filled into the filling cavity, based on the structural characteristics of high porosity and large specific surface area of metal foam, so as to enhance the heat conduction capacity of the intermediate layer sheet 2; in actual use, the liquid metal in the intermediate layer sheet 2 gradually changes from solid phase to liquid phase or gas phase to establish a heat conduction cycle; and in the heat conduction process, by arranging the metal foam, the heat conduction area and the heat conduction coefficient between the first heat exchange sheet 1 and the intermediate layer sheet 2 can be increased, so that the heat can be more efficiently transferred to the metal medium in the equipment startup stage; and when the equipment is stably running, the liquid metal in the intermediate layer sheet 2 absorbs heat at the first heat exchange sheet 1 to vaporize, so that the density becomes smaller and the expansion occurs, and then the liquid metal is cooled to liquid state at the second heat exchange sheet 3, the density becomes larger and the contraction phenomenon occurs, and the liquid metal flows back to the first heat exchange sheet 1 through the metal foam to re-absorb heat and expand.

[0038] It should be noted that the phase change temperature of the liquid metal is determined according to the cold and hot working medium on both sides of the heat exchanger; the intermediate layer sheet 2 is also provided with a liquid metal filling hole, so that after the heat exchanger is welded, the liquid metal is filled into the intermediate layer sheet 2 through the reserved liquid metal filling hole, and then the liquid metal filling hole is blocked; for example, in the field of nuclear fusion, when the inlet temperature of the hot side liquid metal PbLi working medium is 600℃, the inlet pressure is 1MPa, the inlet temperature of the cold side SCO2 working medium is 350℃, and the inlet pressure is 20MPa, the phase change temperature of the liquid metal filled in the intermediate layer sheet 2 is set to 450-520℃, and at this time the design temperature of the cold side SCO2 working medium does not need to reach 600℃, so the material of the heat exchanger plate group structure can be made of stainless steel, without using nickel-based alloy material, thereby greatly reducing the material cost.

[0039] In addition, in order to ensure the safety of the heat exchanger, the cold side fluid is usually flowed in first and then the hot side fluid is flowed in; in the application process, the process of adjustment may occur, at this time, according to the time of regulation and control t and the difference between the cold and hot heat Q , the required filling amount of the liquid metal in the intermediate layer sheet 2 is calculated to ensure that the temperature of the intermediate layer sheet 2 will not reach the set temperature; secondly, the geometric structure of the intermediate layer sheet 2 is adjusted according to the difference of the design working condition.

[0040] In the second heat exchange plate 3 of the embodiment 1, the upper surface of the second heat exchange plate 3 is provided with a cold side flow channel; specifically, the cold side flow channel comprises a plurality of second grooves arranged on the upper surface of the second heat exchange plate 3 in a straight line, S shape or Z shape; preferably, the cross section of the first groove is rectangular, and the depth of the first groove is 1-3 mm; one end of the second heat exchange plate 3 is provided with a second heat exchange channel inlet 31, and the other end of the second heat exchange plate 3 is provided with a second heat exchange channel outlet 32; the second heat exchange channel inlet 31 is in communication with the inlet of the cold side flow channel, and the second heat exchange channel outlet 32 is in communication with the outlet of the cold side flow channel.

[0041] It should be noted that the first heat exchange channel inlet 11, the first heat exchange channel outlet 12, the second heat exchange channel inlet 31 and the second heat exchange channel outlet 32 are all provided with inlet and outlet connecting pipes for connecting with external equipment; the hot side flow channel and the cold side flow channel are obtained by chemical etching, which has high manufacturing precision, high manufacturing stability and reliability of large-sized plates, and no internal stress of the formed plate.

[0042] In the embodiment 1, the four sides of the first heat exchange plate 1 extend away from the center of the plate to form a plate extension 13; wherein the plate extension 13 is in the same plane as the first heat exchange plate 1 and is an integral structure; one end of the plate extension 13 is connected to the edge of the first heat exchange plate 1, and the other end of the plate extension 13 extends towards the center of the first heat exchange plate 1; a plate group fixing hole 14 is formed on the plate extension 13, which is used as a fixing hole position when the adjacent two heat exchanger plate group structures are stacked, so that a plurality of heat exchanger plate group structures form a core structure by stacking.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] The heat exchanger plate group structure of the embodiment 1 is used, and the hot fluid enters the hot side flow channel through the first heat exchange channel inlet 11; when the hot fluid flows in the hot side flow channel, the heat is transferred to the intermediate layer plate 2 through the first heat exchange plate 1; after the intermediate layer plate 2 absorbs the heat, the heat is transferred to the internal liquid metal by heat conduction; after the liquid metal is heated, the temperature rises and may change phase, absorbing a large amount of heat; then, the liquid metal transfers the heat to the second heat exchange plate 3; the cold fluid enters the cold side flow channel through the second heat exchange channel 31, and the cold fluid absorbs heat through the second heat exchange plate 3 when flowing in the cold side flow channel; wherein the hot fluid after heat exchange flows out of the hot side flow channel through the first heat exchange channel outlet 12, and the cold fluid after heat exchange flows out of the cold side flow channel through the second heat exchange channel outlet 32.

[0045] In this embodiment 1, the intermediate layer sheet 2 is filled with liquid metal to have the performance of phase change heat storage and phase change heat transfer; wherein the phase change heat storage is that when the plate group structure does not need to transfer heat to the cold fluid, the liquid metal can absorb the heat of the hot fluid and change phase to store the heat, at this time, the stored heat can be used at non-working time or when the cold fluid flow is small; the phase change heat transfer is that when the cold fluid needs to be heated, the liquid metal releases the stored heat by phase change to transfer the heat to the cold fluid; since the temperature remains unchanged during the phase change, a constant heat transfer temperature can be provided to improve the heat transfer efficiency.

[0046] In this embodiment 1, the flow direction of the hot fluid in the hot side flow channel is the same as the flow direction of the cold fluid in the cold side flow channel, and the temperature gradient between the sheets; in actual operation, the geometric size of the first heat exchange sheet 1 and the second heat exchange sheet 3 is adjusted according to the difference in heat transfer performance of the heat transfer working medium to reduce the flow resistance to the maximum extent.

[0047] Embodiment 2

[0048] As shown in the accompanying Figure 2 The embodiment 2 provides a heat exchanger core structure, which comprises a plurality of layers of heat exchange plate groups stacked one above another; wherein each heat exchange plate group adopts the heat exchanger plate group structure described in the above embodiment 1; for the specific structure of each heat exchange plate group, please refer to the description of the above embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0049] In this embodiment 2, a plate group fixing hole 14 is formed on the sheet extension segment around the first heat exchange sheet 1 in each heat exchange plate group; a preset fixing member is used to fix the adjacent two heat exchange plate groups through the plate group fixing hole 14, so that the core structure formed by stacking the plurality of heat exchange plate groups can be easily disassembled, thereby facilitating the replacement and maintenance of the heat exchange plate group and ensuring the safe operation under complex working conditions.

[0050] In this embodiment 2, a sensor arrangement point 5 is further arranged between the adjacent two heat exchange plate groups; a sensor for monitoring the operating state parameters of the heat exchange plate group is arranged at the sensor arrangement point 5; wherein the operating state parameters of the heat exchange plate group include temperature, deformation and leakage state.

[0051] Embodiment 3

[0052] The embodiment 3 provides a heat exchanger, which comprises the heat exchanger plate group structure described in the above embodiment 1, or the heat exchanger core structure described in the above embodiment 2; it should be noted that the other structure of the heat exchanger is similar to the existing heat exchanger structure, which will not be repeated here.

[0053] The heat exchanger plate group structure, the heat exchanger core structure and the heat exchanger, through setting the intermediate layer sheet 2 between the first heat exchange sheet 1 and the second heat exchange sheet 3, and filling the liquid metal in the intermediate layer sheet 2, the intermediate layer sheet 2 realizes phase change heat storage or phase change heat exchange, so that the working condition of large physical property difference on both sides is suitable, deformation or cracks caused by uneven thermal stress can be avoided, and the operation reliability of the equipment is effectively ensured

[0054] It should be noted that when the thermal physical property difference of the working medium on both sides of the heat exchanger is large, the heat exchange temperature of the working medium on both sides may be greatly different; and the design temperature on both sides of the heat exchange channel is usually selected according to the highest heat exchange temperature, so that the thickness of the sheet on the cold flow side is greatly increased, and high-temperature alloy material may be required, which greatly increases the manufacturing cost; but in the utility model, the intermediate layer sheet filled with liquid metal is arranged, which can effectively reduce the thickness of the sheet on the cold flow side, and high-temperature alloy material is not required, so that the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced; preferably, the corresponding liquid metal and filling amount can be selected according to the heat exchange temperature on both sides.

[0055] In the utility model, the sensor arrangement points are arranged between the adjacent two heat exchange plate groups, and the sensors for monitoring the operating state parameters of the heat exchange plate group are arranged at the sensor arrangement points, so that the operating temperature of the sheet can be effectively detected, and the safety operation characteristics of the heat exchanger can be measured online; the utility model can improve the compactness by 20% under the condition of the same hydraulic diameter through reasonable collection parameter design and configuration arrangement, and the comprehensive flow heat transfer performance is improved.

[0056] The above-mentioned embodiment is only one of the implementation manners of the utility model technical scheme, and the scope of protection of the utility model is not limited by the embodiment, but also includes the changes, substitutions and other implementation manners easily thought by any skilled person in the technical field within the technical range disclosed by the utility model.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger plate assembly structure, characterized in that, It includes a first heat exchange plate (1), an intermediate plate (2) and a second heat exchange plate (3) stacked from bottom to top. The upper surface of the first heat exchange plate (1) is provided with a heat-side flow channel; The upper surface of the intermediate layer plate (2) is provided with a plurality of lattice structures (4), and a plurality of third grooves are formed between the plurality of lattice structures, and the plurality of third grooves constitute the intermediate layer flow channel; the interior of the intermediate layer plate (2) is provided with a filling cavity, and the filling cavity is filled with liquid metal; wherein, the liquid metal is used to realize phase change heat storage or phase change heat transfer. The upper surface of the second heat exchange plate (3) is provided with a cold side flow channel.

2. The heat exchanger plate assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot-side flow channel includes a plurality of first grooves disposed on the upper surface of the first heat exchange plate (1), the first grooves being arranged in a straight line on the upper surface of the first heat exchange plate (1).

3. The heat exchanger plate assembly structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first groove has a rectangular cross-section and a depth of 1-3 mm.

4. The heat exchanger plate assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold side flow channel includes a plurality of second grooves disposed on the upper surface of the second heat exchange plate (3), the second grooves being arranged in a straight line, S-shape or Z-shape on the upper surface of the second heat exchange plate (3).

5. A heat exchanger plate assembly structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second groove has a rectangular cross-section and a depth of 1-3 mm.

6. The heat exchanger plate assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity is also filled with metal foam.

7. A heat exchanger plate assembly structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot fluid in the hot-side channel flows in the same direction as the cold fluid in the cold-side channel.

8. A heat exchanger core structure, characterized in that, It includes several layers of heat exchange plate assemblies stacked sequentially from top to bottom; wherein each heat exchange plate assembly adopts the heat exchanger plate assembly structure as described in any one of claims 1-6; In each heat exchange plate group, the first heat exchange plate (1) extends outward from the center of the plate to form a plate extension section (13); the plate extension section is provided with a plate group fixing hole (14), which is used to fix two adjacent heat exchange plate groups together by a preset fastener.

9. A heat exchanger core structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, Sensor placement points (5) are also provided between two adjacent heat exchanger plate groups; sensors for monitoring the operating status parameters of the heat exchanger plate groups are provided at the sensor placement points (5).

10. A heat exchanger, characterized in that, It includes the heat exchanger plate assembly structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, or the heat exchanger core structure as described in any one of claims 8-9.

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