End socket structure and heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of heat exchangers, and particularly relates to an end socket structure and a heat exchanger. The sealing head comprises a sealing head outer-layer shell and a sealing head inner-side corrosion-resistant heat-conducting layer; an outer-layer connecting flange and an inner-layer connecting flange are respectively arranged at the opening ends of the sealing head outer-layer shell and the sealing head inner-side corrosion-resistant heat-conducting layer in an outward protruding manner; the tube plate comprises a base plate and a corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate; a liquid inlet / outlet cavity is defined by the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting layer and the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate on the inner side of the sealing head; and the outer-layer connecting flange, the inner-layer connecting flange, the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate and the substrate are sequentially connected in a sealing and fastening manner. The end socket structure is particularly suitable for being used when tube pass materials are strong corrosion materials such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, good heat exchange efficiency is achieved on the basis of good service life, and in addition, good sealing performance and stable matching can be guaranteed through a sealing and fixing structure of the flange and the tube plate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of heat exchanger, specifically relates to a head structure and heat exchanger. BACKGROUND

[0002] The conventional column tube type heat exchanger adds anticorrosive lining such as polytetrafluoroethylene, enamel etc. to the inner wall of the head when carrying out heat exchange to the material with high corrosivity, and the process is complex and the cost is high, and the lining is easy to appear porcelain explosion and fall off due to thermal stress or mechanical vibration, leading to the penetration of corrosive medium. Secondly, the heat exchange tube and tube plate adopt screw sleeve compression sealing, and the threaded hole needs to be reserved, leading to the increase of tube arrangement spacing, and the number of tubes under the same shell diameter is far lower than that of the metal heat exchanger, and the heat exchange area is limited. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model solves the technical problem to provide a head structure and heat exchanger with reliable structure, strong corrosion resistance and good heat exchange effect.

[0004] The utility model provides a head structure, including the head and the tube plate of mutual connection;

[0005] The head includes the head outer shell and the head inner side corrosion -resistant heat conducting layer that sticks in the inner wall of the head outer shell, and the opening end of the head outer shell and the head inner side corrosion -resistant heat conducting layer is respectively outwardly convex and is provided with outer layer connecting flange and inner layer connecting flange;

[0006] The tube plate includes the base plate and the corrosion -resistant heat conducting plate;

[0007] The head inner side corrosion -resistant heat conducting layer and the corrosion -resistant heat conducting plate surround and form the inlet / outlet liquid cavity;

[0008] The outer layer connecting flange, the inner layer connecting flange, the corrosion -resistant heat conducting plate and the base plate are sealed and fastened in proper order.

[0009] Further, the outer layer connecting flange and the inner layer connecting flange and the inner layer connecting flange and the corrosion -resistant heat conducting plate outside between the setting have sealing flange gasket;

[0010] The corrosion -resistant heat conducting plate and the base plate between the setting have O type sealing ring.

[0011] Further, the outer layer connecting flange, the inner layer connecting flange, the corrosion -resistant heat conducting plate and the base plate are fixedly connected through the bolt fastener.

[0012] Further, the corrosion -resistant heat conducting plate and the base plate are coaxially provided with heat exchange tube mounting holes;

[0013] The head structure further includes the heat exchange tube that is passed in two heat exchange tube mounting holes, and the sealing element is arranged between the heat exchange tube and the heat exchange tube mounting hole.

[0014] Further, the two heat exchange pipe installation holes are stepped holes, and the heat exchange pipe installation holes of the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate and the base plate on the opposite side are large holes of the stepped holes, and the two large holes enclose a sealing element installation cavity;

[0015] The sealing element comprises a metal compression ring sleeved on the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe and arranged in the sealing element installation cavity, one side of the outer wall of the metal compression ring abuts against the hole wall of the heat exchange pipe installation hole of the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate, and the other side abuts against the hole wall of the heat exchange pipe installation hole of the base plate.

[0016] Further, the side edges of the metal compression ring are sequentially provided with a gasket and a sealing ring.

[0017] Further, the side wall of the outer layer shell of the head and the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting layer on the inner side of the head outwardly protrudes and is provided with a material inlet / outlet pipe;

[0018] The inner wall of the head outer layer shell located at the material inlet / outlet pipe is provided with a mounting groove;

[0019] The mounting groove is embeddedly provided with an inlet / outlet liquid sealing ring.

[0020] The application also provides a heat exchanger comprising an outer shell and two head structures as described above.

[0021] The inner part of the outer shell is hollow and open at both ends, and the opening is fixedly connected with the base plate of the head structure;

[0022] At least one head structure is provided with a material inlet / outlet pipe;

[0023] The heat exchanger further comprises at least one heat exchange pipe located in the inner part of the outer shell and penetrating through the two tube sheets.

[0024] Further, the two ends of the outer shell are provided with shell flanges;

[0025] The shell flanges are sealingly and fixedly connected with the outer side of the base plate.

[0026] Further, the side wall of the outer shell is provided with a shell-side material inlet and a shell-side material outlet;

[0027] The shell-side material inlet and the shell-side material outlet are arranged on the two sides of the outer shell, and the outer shell is arranged with baffle plates staggered and spaced along the axial direction.

[0028] The head structure provided by the application is particularly suitable for use when the tube-side material is strong corrosive material such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, has good heat exchange efficiency on the basis of good service life, and the sealing and fixed structure of the flange and the tube sheet can ensure good sealing performance and stable cooperation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] ATTACHMENT Figure 1 It is a front view of the heat exchanger in the application.

[0030] Appendix Figure 2 This is a left view of the heat exchanger in this utility model;

[0031] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 2 Sectional view along line AA;

[0032] Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the connection between the lower middle head, tube sheet, and outer shell;

[0033] Appendix Figure 5 For the appendix Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the material inlet / outlet pipe.

[0034] In the diagram, 1-head; 101-outer shell of head; 1011-outer connecting flange; 1012-mounting groove; 102-corrosion-resistant heat-conducting layer inside the head; 1021-inner connecting flange; 2-tube sheet; 201-base plate; 202-corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate; 3-inlet / outlet liquid chamber; 4-sealing flange gasket; 5-O-ring seal; 6-bolt fastener; 7-heat exchanger tube mounting hole; 8-heat exchanger tube; 9-seal mounting cavity; 10-metal pressure ring; 11-gasket; 12-sealing ring; 13-material inlet / outlet pipe; 14-inlet / outlet sealing ring; 15-outlet shell; 1501-shell flange; 1502-shell-side material inlet; 1503-shell-side material outlet; 16-baffle plate; 17-shell-side material flow chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0036] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0037] In addition, the description of "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0038] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "connection", "fixing" and the like should be broadly understood, for example, "fixing" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or physical connection or wireless communication connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In addition, the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of ordinary skilled in the art, when the combination of technical solutions appears contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, also not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0040] As shown in the accompanying Figure 1 -attached Figure 5 The utility model provides a seal head structure, seal head structure is used in the pipe pass material in flow through heat exchanger, including mutually connected seal head 1 and tube sheet 2, wherein seal head 1 is the structure of inside hollow and one end opening, and tube sheet 2 is straight plate structure, and tube sheet 2 is fixed at the opening side of seal head 1;

[0041] Seal head 1 includes seal head outer shell 101 and the seal head inner side corrosion -resisting heat conducting layer 102 that sticks in seal head outer shell 101 inner wall, and the opening end of seal head outer shell 101 and seal head inner side corrosion -resisting heat conducting layer 102 is provided with outer layer connecting flange 1011 and inner layer connecting flange 1021 respectively outward convexity;

[0042] Tube sheet 2 includes base plate 201 and corrosion -resisting heat conducting plate 202;

[0043] The corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive layer 102 and the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive plate 202 are arranged in the end cover to form a liquid inlet / outlet cavity 3; the inner layer of the end cover 1 and the tube plate 2 forming the liquid inlet / outlet cavity 3 is made of a corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive material, so that when the tube-passing material is strong corrosive material such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, the end cover has good corrosion resistance and high heat conductivity, thereby ensuring heat exchange effect, and is particularly suitable for heat exchange of corrosive medium in the chemical industry and the pharmaceutical industry.

[0044] Referring to the drawings Figure 4 The outer layer connecting flange 1011, the inner layer connecting flange 1021, the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive plate 202 and the base plate 201 are sequentially sealed and fixedly connected, the flange on the end cover 1 is sealed and fixedly connected with the tube plate 2, which can improve the contact area of the connecting surface, ensure the stability of the connection, and also improve the difficulty of tube-passing material leakage and the sealing effect.

[0045] The end cover structure is particularly suitable for use when the tube-passing material is strong corrosive material such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, has good service life and good heat exchange efficiency, and the sealing and fixing structure of the flange and the tube plate 2 can ensure good sealing performance and stable cooperation.

[0046] In one preferred embodiment, the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive layer 102 and the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive plate 202 are made of silicon carbide material, which has strong corrosion resistance and can resist strong corrosive medium such as concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrofluoric acid, and also has high thermal conductivity, so that efficient heat transfer can be achieved. The outer layer shell 101 and the base plate 201 are made of metal material to ensure good structural strength and rigidity of the end cover structure, and can also provide physical protection for the corrosion-resistant material.

[0047] In one embodiment, a sealing flange gasket 4 is arranged between the outer layer connecting flange 1011 and the inner layer connecting flange 1021 and between the inner layer connecting flange 1021 and the outer side of the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive plate 202, the sealing flange gasket 4 is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, which can provide sealing and buffering between the outer layer connecting flange 1011 and the inner layer connecting flange 1021 and between the inner layer connecting flange 1021 and the outer side of the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive plate 202, and compensate for the displacement caused by the difference in thermal expansion between the corrosion-resistant material and the metal material of the outer shell.

[0048] An O-shaped sealing ring 5 is arranged between the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive plate 202 and the base plate 201, and is used to form a seal between the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive plate 202 and the base plate 201, so as to prevent the heat exchange tube mounting hole 7 arranged on the corrosion-resistant and heat-conductive plate 202 and the base plate 201 from leaking tube-passing material and shell-passing material.

[0049] In one of the embodiments, the outer connecting flange 1011, the inner connecting flange 1021, the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate 202 and the base plate 201 are fixedly connected by the bolt fasteners 6, which are matched to have the characteristics of convenient and quick installation and firm and reliable fixation. Preferably, the bolt fasteners 6 are arranged in a ring array along the axis of the head structure to improve the stability of the circumferential fixation and the circumferential sealing effect of the head 1 and the tube plate 2 in the head structure.

[0050] In one of the embodiments, the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate 202 and the base plate 201 are coaxially provided with the heat exchange pipe mounting holes 7.

[0051] The head structure further comprises the heat exchange pipes 8 penetrating the two heat exchange pipe mounting holes 7, which are used for the tube-side material flowing into or out of the inlet / outlet liquid cavity 3. Preferably, the heat exchange pipes 8 are also made of silicon carbide to ensure corrosion resistance and heat exchange effect. When the heat exchange pipes 8 flow the tube-side material into the inlet / outlet liquid cavity 3, the inlet / outlet liquid cavity 3 is an outlet liquid cavity, which is used for conveying the tube-side material after heat exchange to the next station. When the inlet / outlet liquid cavity 3 flows the tube-side material out of the heat exchange pipes 8, the inlet / outlet liquid cavity 3 is an inlet liquid cavity, which is used for providing the tube-side material for the heat exchange pipes 8. The outer wall of the heat exchange pipes 8 is configured as a shell-side material, so that the shell-side material exchanges heat with the tube-side material. A sealing element is arranged between the heat exchange pipes 8 and the heat exchange pipe mounting holes 7 to ensure the sealing between the heat exchange pipes 8 and the heat exchange pipe mounting holes 7, thereby preventing the tube-side material and the shell-side material from flowing into the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate 202 and the base plate 201.

[0052] In one of the embodiments, the two heat exchange pipe mounting holes 7 are stepped holes, and the heat exchange pipe mounting holes 7 of the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate 202 and the base plate 201 on one side are large holes of the stepped holes. The two large holes enclose the sealing element mounting cavity 9. By configuring the two heat exchange pipe mounting holes 7 as stepped holes and making the large holes of the two stepped holes connect with each other to form the sealing element mounting cavity 9, the installation space of the sealing element can be directly provided at the position of the heat exchange pipes 8, thereby facilitating the cooperation and assembly of the heat exchange pipes 8 and the sealing element.

[0053] The sealing element comprises a metal compression ring 10 sleeved on the outer wall of the heat exchange pipes 8 and arranged in the sealing element mounting cavity 9. One side of the outer wall of the metal compression ring 10 abuts against the hole wall of the heat exchange pipe mounting hole 7 of the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate 202, and the other side abuts against the hole wall of the heat exchange pipe mounting hole 7 of the base plate 201, i.e. the metal compression ring 10 is arranged between the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate 202 and the base plate 201. At this time, the sealing effect of the heat exchange pipes 8 and the tube plate 2 can be provided without the traditional threaded connection, the center distance of the heat exchange pipes 8 can be greatly reduced, the tube bundle arrangement density can be improved, and the heat exchange area can be increased.

[0054] In one of the embodiments, the side of the metal pressing ring 10 is sequentially provided with the gasket 11 and the sealing ring 12, so as to realize the positioning of the metal pressing ring 10 and the sealing of the heat exchange tube mounting hole 7 and the heat exchange tube 8.

[0055] In one of the embodiments, the side wall of the outer shell 101 and the corrosion-resistant and heat-conducting layer 102 on the inner side of the head is outwardly protrudingly provided with the material inlet / outlet pipe 13. When the inlet / outlet cavity 3 is an outlet cavity, the material inlet / outlet pipe 13 is a material outlet pipe, which is used for outputting the heat-exchanged tube-pass material in the outlet cavity to the external equipment. When the inlet / outlet cavity 3 is an inlet cavity, the material inlet / outlet pipe 13 is a material inlet pipe, which is used for flowing the tube-pass material to be heat-exchanged from the outside into the inlet cavity.

[0056] The outer shell 101 of the head is provided with a mounting groove 1012 on the inner wall of the material inlet / outlet pipe 13.

[0057] The mounting groove 1012 is embeddedly provided with an inlet / outlet sealing ring 14, so as to avoid the leakage of the material at the connection between the external equipment and the material inlet / outlet pipe 13 and realize the overall sealing of the head 1.

[0058] The utility model also provides a heat exchanger which comprises an outer shell 15 and two head structures as above.

[0059] The outer shell 15 is hollow inside and open at both ends, and the opening is fixedly connected with the base plate 201 of the head structure. The hollow of the outer shell 15 and the base plate 201 enclose a shell-pass material heat exchange cavity 17, and the shell-pass material exchanges heat with the tube-pass material in the heat exchange tube 8 in the shell-pass material heat exchange cavity 17.

[0060] At least one of the head structures is provided with the material inlet / outlet pipe 13. Preferably, the material inlet / outlet pipe 13 on one of the head structures is a material inlet pipe, and the material inlet / outlet pipe 13 on the other head structure is a material outlet pipe.

[0061] The heat exchanger further comprises at least one heat exchange tube 8 which is located inside the outer shell 15 and penetrates through the two tube plates 2. Preferably, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 8 are arranged at intervals in the shell-pass material heat exchange cavity 17, so as to increase the heat exchange area and the heat exchange efficiency of the tube-pass material and the shell-pass material.

[0062] The heat exchanger provided by the utility model can realize good heat exchange of the tube-pass material and the shell-pass material, and the tube-pass material can be a highly corrosive material, and the heat exchanger can still guarantee a long service life and heat exchange effect.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the outer shell 15 is a double-layer shell, one of the head structures is equipped with the material inlet / outlet pipe 13, and the other head structure is not equipped with the material inlet / outlet pipe 13;

[0064] At this time, the double-layer shell wall is provided with a second tube pass channel in the axial direction, the second tube pass channel is used to flow the tube pass material, and the head of the head structure not equipped with the material inlet / outlet pipe 13 is used to communicate the heat exchange tube 8 and the second tube pass channel; at this time, the heat exchange tube 8 and the second tube pass channel form a double-tube pass structure. The heat exchange tube 8 is located inside the double-layer shell and penetrates through the two tube sheets 2, that is, the tube body of the heat exchange tube 8 is located in the shell pass material heat exchange cavity 17, and the inlet and outlet of the heat exchange tube 8 are both located outside the shell pass material heat exchange cavity 17;

[0065] The second tube pass channel is communicated with the tube pass material outlet / inlet, which is used to flow the tube pass material into or out of the second tube pass channel.

[0066] The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment can perform mutual heat exchange of the shell pass material and the tube pass material. The tube pass material flows through the second tube pass channel and the heat exchange tube 8. When the tube pass material flows through the second tube pass channel in the double-layer shell, on the one hand, the flow area of the tube pass material can be expanded, and a multi-stage heat transfer path is formed, so that the tube pass material flows through the heat exchange area of the shell pass material twice, and the heat exchange area of the tube pass material and the shell pass material is expanded; on the other hand, when the shell pass material is high-temperature shell pass material, and the tube pass material is low-temperature tube pass material, if the double-layer shell needs to meet the heat protection requirement, the low-temperature tube pass material that has not been heat exchanged can flow in the second tube pass channel, at this time, the second tube pass channel can be used as a water cooling interlayer of the double-layer shell, so as to avoid that the high-temperature shell material damages the heat protection effect of the double-layer shell, ensure the temperature of the outside of the double-layer shell, and reduce the safety hidden danger; if the double-layer shell needs to meet certain heat preservation requirement, the low-temperature tube pass material that has been heat exchanged can flow in the second tube pass channel, at this time, since the temperature of the low-temperature tube pass material is increased after heat exchange, but the temperature is still lower than that of the high-temperature shell material, that is, the second tube pass channel can be used as a heat preservation layer of the double-layer shell, so as to avoid that the invalid heat loss of the shell pass material heat exchange cavity 17 is too much, and ensure the heat exchange effect of the shell pass material and the tube pass material. When the shell pass material is low-temperature shell pass material, and the tube pass material is high-temperature tube pass material, if the double-layer shell needs to be used as a cooling shell, at this time, the low-temperature tube pass material that has been cooled flows in the second tube pass channel; if the double-layer shell needs to be used as a heat preservation shell, the second tube pass material conveying path is adopted, at this time, the high-temperature tube pass material flows in the second tube pass channel, so as to improve the heat preservation and heat exchange effect.

[0067] In one of the embodiments, the outer shell 15 is provided with a shell flange 1501 at both ends;

[0068] The shell flange 1501 is sealingly and fixedly connected to the outer side of the base plate 201. Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged between the shell flange and the outer side of the base plate 201, and the shell flange is fixedly connected to the base plate 201 by the bolt fastener 6.

[0069] In one of the embodiments, the outer shell 15 is provided with a shell-side material inlet 1502 and a shell-side material outlet 1503. The shell-side material flows into the shell-side material heat exchange cavity 17 from the shell-side material inlet 1502 and flows out of the shell-side material heat exchange cavity 17 from the shell-side material outlet 1503. The shell-side material inlet 1502 and the shell-side material outlet 1503 are arranged on both sides of the outer shell 15, so as to increase the flow distance of the shell-side material. The baffles 16 are arranged in the outer shell 15 in an axially staggered and spaced manner. The baffles 16 can further increase the flow distance of the shell-side material, so as to improve the heat exchange effect between the shell-side material and the tube-side material. In other embodiments, the baffles 16 can also be other fluid guiding devices, such as multi-pass partitions or other structures capable of enhancing the fluid flow path and turbulence, so as to further improve the heat transfer performance.

[0070] The above is only the embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes, modifications or modifications to the technical scheme of the present application without departing from the scope of the technical scheme of the present application, and the equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the technical scheme of the present application.

Claims

1. A head structure, characterized in that, Including interconnected end caps (1) and tube sheets (2); The end cap (1) includes an outer shell (101) and an inner corrosion-resistant and heat-conducting layer (102) attached to the inner wall of the outer shell (101). The open ends of the outer shell (101) and the inner corrosion-resistant and heat-conducting layer (102) are respectively provided with an outer connecting flange (1011) and an inner connecting flange (1021). The tube sheet (2) includes a substrate (201) and a corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202); The corrosion-resistant heat-conducting layer (102) on the inner side of the end cap and the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202) enclose and form an inlet / outlet liquid cavity (3). The outer connecting flange (1011), the inner connecting flange (1021), the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202), and the base plate (201) are sequentially sealed and fastened together.

2. The head structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing flange gasket (4) is provided between the outer connecting flange (1011) and the inner connecting flange (1021) and between the inner connecting flange (1021) and the outer side of the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202). An O-ring (5) is provided between the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202) and the substrate (201).

3. The head structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer connecting flange (1011), the inner connecting flange (1021), the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202), and the base plate (201) are fixedly connected by bolts and fasteners (6).

4. The head structure as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202) and the base plate (201) are coaxially provided with heat exchange tube mounting holes (7); It also includes heat exchange tubes (8) that pass through the two heat exchange tube mounting holes (7), and a sealing element is provided between the heat exchange tubes (8) and the heat exchange tube mounting holes (7).

5. The head structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The two heat exchange tube mounting holes (7) are stepped holes. The heat exchange tube mounting holes (7) of the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202) and the substrate (201) are large holes of the stepped holes on opposite sides. The two large holes enclose the sealing installation cavity (9). The sealing element includes a metal pressure ring (10) sleeved on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube (8) and disposed in the sealing element mounting cavity (9). One side of the outer wall of the metal pressure ring (10) abuts against the wall of the heat exchange tube mounting hole (7) of the corrosion-resistant heat-conducting plate (202), and the other side abuts against the wall of the heat exchange tube mounting hole (7) of the substrate (201).

6. The head structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The metal pressure ring (10) is provided with a washer (11) and a sealing ring (12) in sequence on its side.

7. The head structure as described in any one of claims 1-3, 5, and 6, characterized in that, Material inlet / outlet pipes (13) are provided on the sidewalls of the outer shell (101) and the inner corrosion-resistant heat-conducting layer (102) of the head. The outer shell (101) of the end cap is provided with an installation groove (1012) on the inner wall of the material inlet / outlet pipe (13). An inlet / outlet sealing ring (14) is fitted into the mounting groove (1012).

8. A heat exchanger, characterized in that, It includes an outer shell (15) and two head structures as described in any one of claims 1-7; The outer shell (15) is hollow inside and open at both ends, and the base plate (201) of the end cap structure is fixedly connected at the opening. At least one of the head structures is provided with a material inlet / outlet pipe (13). It also includes at least one heat exchange tube (8) located inside the outer shell (15) and penetrating both tube sheets (2).

9. The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The outer casing (15) is provided with casing flanges (1501) at both ends. The housing flange (1501) is sealed and fastened to the outside of the base plate (201).

10. The heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The outer shell (15) has a shell-side material inlet (1502) and a shell-side material outlet (1503) on its side wall. The shell-side material inlet (1502) and shell-side material outlet (1503) are located on both sides of the outer shell (15), and baffles (16) are arranged alternately along the axial direction inside the outer shell (15).

Images