Automatic double-ring infiltration test device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic double-ring infiltration test device which comprises a double-ring device, a monitoring device and a control device, the double-ring device comprises an inner ring and an outer ring which are nested; the monitoring device comprises a liquid level probe I, a liquid level probe II and a flow sensor; the control device comprises a first water pump, a second water pump and a water level control switch. The first liquid level probe is arranged in the inner ring and used for detecting the liquid level of the inner ring, and the second liquid level probe is arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring and used for detecting the liquid level of the outer ring. The water level control switch is connected with the liquid level probe I and the liquid level probe II, controls the water pump I to supply water into the inner ring and controls the water pump II to supply water between the inner ring and the outer ring according to the water level; according to the utility model, the circuit automation design is adopted, the relay switching circuit acting on the water pump is realized through the electric induction of the liquid level probe, the connection logic gate and the triode, the automatic water replenishing operation is realized, and the system error caused by manual operation is avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to soil infiltration test equipment technical field, especially relates to a kind of automatic double-ring infiltration test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Double-ring infiltration device is a kind of test equipment for measuring soil infiltration rate, widely used in soil science, water conservancy engineering and agricultural engineering and other fields, for evaluating the permeability of soil and water infiltration capacity. It is mainly composed of two concentric rings, by continuously injecting water to inner ring to keep its water level constant, record the water supplement in unit time, so as to calculate the infiltration rate of soil. The role of outer ring is to keep the water head of soil stable, prevent the inner ring infiltration water from side loss.

[0003] Traditional double-ring infiltration device relies on manual valve control and visual water level interpretation, which can introduce significant system error in the operation process. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an automatic double-ring infiltration test device, which aims to avoid the test error caused by manual operation and visual water level interpretation by means of automatic water level detection and water flow accurate counting, and improve the accuracy of infiltration test.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme of:

[0006] An automatic double-ring infiltration test device, comprising a double-ring device, a monitoring device and a control device; the double-ring device comprises an inner ring and an outer ring arranged in nest; the monitoring device comprises a liquid level probe one, a liquid level probe two and a flow sensor; the control device comprises a water pump one, a water pump two and a water level control switch;

[0007] The liquid level probe one is placed inside the inner ring for detecting the liquid level of the inner ring, and the liquid level probe two is placed between the inner ring and the outer ring for detecting the liquid level of the outer ring;

[0008] The water level control switch is connected with the liquid level probe one and the liquid level probe two, and controls the water pump one to supply water to the inside of the inner ring and the water pump two to supply water between the inner ring and the outer ring according to the water level;

[0009] The flow sensor is arranged on the water supply pipeline of the inner ring to monitor the water supply flow in real time.

[0010] In one embodiment, the height of the inner ring and the outer ring is equal, coaxially arranged, inserted into the soil depth of 10cm of test ground, with 0-20cm scale on the ring.

[0011] In one embodiment, the flow sensor is a Hall flow sensor, including a plastic valve body, a water flow rotor assembly, a Hall sensor, an STM32F103RCT6 minimum system board and an OLED screen.

[0012] In one embodiment, the water level control switch includes a water level control switch one and a water level control switch two, respectively, for controlling the water supply action of the water pump one and the water pump two according to the monitoring data of the liquid level probe one and the liquid level probe two.

[0013] In one embodiment, the liquid level probe one and the liquid level probe two are both two metal inductive lines, which are arranged at different heights in the measurement space.

[0014] In one embodiment, the water level control switch one and the water level control switch two are consistent in structure, and each includes a 74HC00 logic gate chip, a transistor Q1 and a relay K1, the first two input terminals of the 74HC00 logic gate chip are connected to the corresponding liquid level probes, wherein the low metal inductive line is connected to the 1A pin of the 74HC00 logic gate chip, and the high metal inductive line is connected to the 1B pin, the second two input terminals are connected to the 5V power input, and the three input terminals are connected to the corresponding water pump; the two metal inductive lines of the liquid level probe are connected to the positive power supply through resistors R1 and R2, i.e. high potential; the 3Y pin of the 74HC00 logic gate chip is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 through the resistor R4, and the relay K1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1.

[0015] In one embodiment, the relay K1 is connected in parallel with a protection diode D1, the cathode of D1 is connected to the positive power supply, and the anode is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1.

[0016] In one embodiment, the first two input terminals, one terminal is connected to the 1A pin of the 74HC00 logic gate chip, and the other terminal is connected to the 1B pin and the 2A pin of the 74HC00 logic gate chip, the 1Y pin and the 3A pin of the 74HC00 logic gate chip are connected, the 3Y pin output is divided into two paths, one path passes through the resistor R4 to connect the base of the transistor Q1, and the other path passes through the resistor R3 to connect the 2B pin, and the 2Y pin of the 74HC00 logic gate chip is connected to the 3B pin.

[0017] In one embodiment, the automatic double-ring infiltration test device further comprises a booster module, the booster module comprises an LM2857 booster chip and a Π type filter circuit, and is used for increasing the 5V power supply to 12V for the water pump.

[0018] In one embodiment, the voltage input pin of the LM2857 voltage boosting chip is connected with a 5V power supply, the voltage input pin is connected with the inductor L1 for storing and transferring energy between the voltage input pin and the switch node pin, and the voltage stabilizing diode D1 for transferring energy to the output terminal when power is off is connected between the switch node pin and the feedback pin.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the utility model removes the manual valve, adopts circuit automation design, realizes the relay switch circuit acting on the water pump through liquid level probe induction, connection logic door and triode, realizes automatic water replenishing operation, avoids system error caused by manual operation.

[0020] Further, the utility model removes the gravity type water filling bottle, adopts flow sensor pulse counting, realizes test data record more intuitively through OLED screen display, avoids manual error caused by visual water level interpretation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 It is the water level control switch circuit principle diagram of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 It is the voltage boosting module circuit principle diagram of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The embodiment of the utility model will be explained in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples.

[0025] The conventional double ring infiltration test sets up manual valve to control water supply on the water supply pipeline, and utilizes gravity type water filling bottle to observe water level, and the precision of this mode is limited, and it is seriously dependent on manual experience.

[0026] Therefore, the utility model adds monitoring device and controller on the basis of double ring device to realize real-time monitoring of water level, and when the monitoring water level value is lower than the preset threshold value, triggers the relay to drive the water pump to carry out accurate water replenishing, and combines the flow sensor to realize water quantity digital measurement. That is, the purpose of the utility model is to significantly improve the accuracy of the test through hardware control and measurement optimization.

[0027] As Figure 1As shown, the double-ring device of the utility model includes the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12 of nested arrangement, this is the double-ring structure design of prior art, as the basic device of double-ring infiltration, through the test area formed by the two concentric circular rings, the inner ring 11 is used for measuring the soil infiltration rate, the outer ring 21 is used for preventing the lateral flow of water, and the accuracy of the test is ensured.According to the test soil environment, the specific parameters are selected, generally, the height of the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12 is equal, so as to not only facilitate processing, but also facilitate operation.In the embodiment, the diameter of the inner ring 11 is 1 / 2 of the diameter of the outer ring 12, preferably, the inner ring diameter is 50cm, the outer ring diameter is 100cm, and the height is 20cm.The two are coaxially arranged, are inserted into the test ground soil depth 10cm, and form a concentric circular ring.For the convenience of observation, the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12 are all provided with 0-20cm scale.The material of the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12 of the utility model is various, typically, the material is stainless steel

[0028] The monitoring device of the utility model mainly includes liquid level probe one 21, liquid level probe two 22 and flow sensor 23, wherein, liquid level probe one 21 is placed inside the inner ring 11 and is used for detecting the liquid level of the inner ring 11, and liquid level probe two 22 is placed between the outer ring 12 and the inner ring 11 and is used for detecting the liquid level of the outer ring 12, in the utility model, when the liquid level of the outer ring 12 is described, the actual meaning is the liquid level between the outer ring 12 and the inner ring 11, and flow sensor 23 is arranged on the water supply pipeline of the inner ring 11 and is used for monitoring the water supply amount to the inner ring 11 in real time.

[0029] The control device of the utility model includes water pump one 31, water pump two 32 and water level control switch device, unlike conventional manual valve, the utility model adds water level control switch device and is associated with the monitoring device to realize automatic control, specifically, the water level control switch device is connected with liquid level probe one 21 and liquid level probe two 22, according to the water level information acquired by the liquid level probe in real time, water pump one 31 is controlled to supply water to the inside of the inner ring 11, and / or, water pump two 32 is controlled to supply water between the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12, that is, the utility model automatically controls the rise and fall of water level through the water level control switch device, and ensures the stability of water level in the test process.

[0030] The liquid level probe in the utility model has the function of detecting the water level, and provides signal input for the water level control switch. However, unlike the conventional automatic control which needs calculation process, in the utility model, the liquid level probe one 21 and the liquid level probe two 22 are both two metal inductive lines, and are arranged at different heights in the respective measuring spaces. The two metal inductive lines are kept at a fixed distance, by which the water difference can be calculated. The metal inductive line can be any conductive metal line, obviously, the stronger the conductivity is, the better it is, and the detection principle is equivalent to installing a switch on a wire, one end of the wire is connected to the ground, and the other end is connected to the control circuit, the metal inductive line is equivalent to the switch, once the metal inductive line contacts water, it is equivalent to the switch being closed, and once it is away from water, it is equivalent to the switch being opened.

[0031] On this basis, the utility model provides a water level control switch for the water supply of the inner ring 11 and the outer ring 12, that is, the water level control switch one 331 is connected with the liquid level probe one 21, and according to the monitoring data of the liquid level probe one 21, the water pump one 31 is controlled to supply water to the inner ring 11. The water level control switch two 332 is connected with the liquid level probe two 22, and according to the monitoring data of the liquid level probe two 22, the water pump two 32 is controlled to supply water to the outer ring 12.

[0032] Obviously, in order to facilitate operation and save cost, the structure of the water level control switch one 331 and the water level control switch two 332 is preferably completely consistent. In the embodiment, the main structure of 74HC00 logic gate chip, transistor Q1 and relay K1 is adopted, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The pump is connected to the relay K1 in the corresponding water level control switch, and when the relay K1 is opened, the corresponding pump pumps water, and when the relay K1 is closed, the corresponding pump stops pumping water.

[0033] The 74HC00 logic gate chip contains 4 two-input NAND gates, and two two-input connection terminals and one three-input connection terminal are arranged. The 74HC00 logic gate chip has 14 pins, wherein the first two-input connection terminal P1 is connected to pins 1A and 1B, pins 1A and 1B are also connected to the positive power supply through resistors R1 and R2 respectively, that is, high potential, and the resistance of resistors R1 and R2 can be 1M. The two-input connection terminal P1 is used to connect with the two metal inductive lines of the liquid level probe one 21, wherein the lower metal inductive line is connected with the 1A pin, and the higher metal inductive line is connected with the 1B pin. The second two-input connection terminal P3 is connected with the 5V power supply input, and a protection diode D2 is arranged to prevent the power supply from being reversed and the current from flowing backward, and the typical model of D2 can be 1N4007, and filter capacitors C1 and C2 can be arranged, and the capacitance values of filter capacitors C1 and C2 are 470uF and 0.1uF respectively, and a better filtering effect can be obtained by a larger difference in capacitance value. The three-input connection terminal P2 is connected with the water pump one 31, specifically, the starting switch and the power supply of the water pump one 31 are connected.

[0034] In order to prevent the reverse electromotive force of the relay K1 from causing damage to the circuit, a protection diode D1 is connected in parallel with the relay K1, and the typical model of the diode D1 can be 1N4007, the cathode of which is connected to the positive power supply, and the anode of which is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, and the relay K1 is connected between the collector of the transistor Q1 and the positive power supply.

[0035] The 2A pin of the 74HC00 logic gate chip is connected with the 1B pin, the 1Y pin is connected with the 3A pin, the 2Y pin is connected with the 3B pin, and the 3Y pin is outputted in two ways, one of which is connected with the base of the transistor Q1 through the resistor R4, and the other of which is connected with the 2B pin through the resistor R3, the resistance value of the resistor R4 is designed as 2.2K, the resistance value of the resistor R3 is designed as 100K, and the 4A, 4B and 4Y pins are suspended.

[0036] According to the design, when the water level is lower than the metal inductive line of the liquid level, the 1Y pin of the chip outputs a low level, and the 3Y pin outputs a high level, the high level is added to the base of the Q1 through the resistor R4, the Q1 is saturated and turned on, the relay K1 is powered and attracted, and the water pump 31 is started to pump water. When the water level reaches the metal inductive line of the high liquid level, the 2A pin and the 1B pin are both low, the 2Y pin outputs a high level, at this time, the 3A and 3B pins are both high, and the 3Y pin outputs a low level, the relay K1 is powered off and disconnected, the water pump 31 stops pumping water, and the water level is automatically controlled.

[0037] Accordingly, when the water level in the inner ring 11 is lower than the low metal inductive line, automatic water filling can be realized, and when the water level is higher than the high metal inductive line, water filling can be stopped. The water filling start-stop structure in the outer ring 12 and the principle are the same as those of the inner ring 11, and will not be described in detail.

[0038] In the embodiment of the utility model, the flow sensor 23 is specifically a Hall flow sensor, and comprises a plastic valve body, a water flow rotor assembly, a Hall sensor, an STM32F103RCT6 minimum system board and an OLED screen. The working principle is as follows: when water passes through the water flow rotor assembly, the magnetic rotor rotates and the rotation speed changes with the change of the flow, at this time, the sensor outputs corresponding pulse signals, which are fed back to the STM32F103RCT6 minimum system board, the STM32F103RCT6 minimum system board counts the pulses, 2280 pulse signals are generated for 1L water under normal atmospheric pressure, and calibration is required under other pressures, and the pulse count is displayed on the OLED screen. The STM32F103RCT6 minimum system board is a commercially available product, and its function is also prior art, which will not be described here.

[0039] In the embodiment of the utility model, the water pump 31 and the water pump 32 can both be composed of a 1.5-meter head water pump and a corresponding conduit.

[0040] The utility model further embodiment still includes the boost module, boost module is used for 5V power supply appreciation 12V water supply pump uses, to adapt to the test scene of outdoor. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the boost module includes LM2857 boost chip and Π type filter circuit. The voltage input pin of LM2857 boost chip is connected with 5V power supply, and its main design is that inductance L1 is connected between voltage input pin and switch node pin, and stabilizing diode D1 is connected between switch node pin and feedback pin, the inductance value of inductance L1 is 15 μH, and it is used for energy storage and energy transmission, the model of stabilizing diode D1 is 1N5822, and it is used for transmitting energy to output end when power off, so as to protect chip. And 100 μF electrolytic capacitor C1 can be connected in 5V power supply input end, and input voltage noise is filtered, and stable voltage is provided for LM2857.

[0041] According to the above structure, the use method of the utility model is as follows:

[0042] 1. Place the double-ring device in the test site, and ensure good contact with the soil at the bottom.

[0043] 2. Connect the wires of the monitoring device and the control device to ensure smooth circuit.

[0044] 3. Calculate the total water volume according to the water level height to be maintained, and then inject water into the inner ring and outer ring to the corresponding height.

[0045] 4. Observe the OLED screen of the Hall flow sensor and record the real-time flow data.

[0046] 5. As the soil infiltrates, the water level gradually decreases. When the water level is lower than the set height, liquid level probe one 21 and liquid level probe two 22 send signals, and the water level control switch controls the relay to close, and water pump one 31 and water pump two 32 start to supply water to the inner and outer rings.

Claims

1. An automatic double-ring infiltration test device, characterized in that, It includes a dual-ring device, a monitoring device, and a control device; the dual-ring device includes a nested inner ring (11) and an outer ring (12); the monitoring device includes a level probe one (21), a level probe two (22), and a flow sensor (23); the control device includes a water pump one (31), a water pump two (32), and a water level control switch; The first liquid level probe (21) is placed inside the inner ring (11) to detect the liquid level of the inner ring (11), and the second liquid level probe (22) is placed between the inner ring (11) and the outer ring (12) to detect the liquid level of the outer ring (12). The water level control switch is connected to the first liquid level probe (21) and the second liquid level probe (22). According to the water level, the first water pump (31) supplies water to the inner ring (11), and the second water pump (32) supplies water between the inner ring (11) and the outer ring (12). The flow sensor (23) is installed on the water supply pipeline of the inner ring (11) to monitor the water supply flow in real time.

2. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring (11) and outer ring (12) are of equal height and are coaxially arranged. They are inserted into the soil of the test ground to a depth of 10cm, and the rings have a 0-20cm scale.

3. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow sensor (23) is a Hall flow sensor, which includes a plastic valve body, a water flow rotor assembly, a Hall sensor, an STM32F103RCT6 minimum system board and an OLED screen.

4. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water level control switch includes a water level control switch one (331) and a water level control switch two (332), which are used to control the water supply action of water pump one (31) and water pump two (32) according to the monitoring data of liquid level probe one (21) and liquid level probe two (22).

5. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid level probe one (21) and liquid level probe two (22) are both two metal induction wires, which are set at different heights in the measurement space.

6. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The structure of the water level control switch one (331) and the water level control switch two (332) is the same, both including a 74HC00 logic gate chip, a transistor Q1 and a relay K1. The first two-input terminal of the 74HC00 logic gate chip is connected to the corresponding liquid level probe. The lower metal induction line is connected to pin 1A of the 74HC00 logic gate chip, and the higher metal induction line is connected to pin 1B. The second two-input terminal is connected to the 5V power input, and the three-input terminal is connected to the corresponding water pump. The two metal induction lines of the liquid level probe are connected to the positive power supply through resistors R1 and R2 respectively, which is the high potential. The 3Y pin of the 74HC00 logic gate chip is connected to the base of transistor Q1 through resistor R4, and the relay K1 is connected to the collector of transistor Q1.

7. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The relay K1 is connected in parallel with a protection diode D1. The cathode of D1 is connected to the positive power supply, and the anode is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1.

8. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first two-input terminal block has one terminal connected to pin 1A of the 74HC00 logic gate chip, and the other terminal connected to pins 1B and 2A of the 74HC00 logic gate chip. Pin 1Y of the 74HC00 logic gate chip is connected to pin 3A. The output of pin 3Y is divided into two paths: one path is connected to the base of transistor Q1 through resistor R4, and the other path is connected to pin 2B through resistor R3. Pin 2Y of the 74HC00 logic gate chip is connected to pin 3B.

9. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 6, 7, or 8, characterized in that, It also includes a boost module, which includes an LM2857 boost chip and a Π-type filter circuit, used to boost the 5V power supply to 12V for use by the water pump.

10. The automatic double-ring infiltration test device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The voltage input pin of the LM2857 boost chip is connected to a 5V power supply. An inductor L1 for energy storage and transfer is connected between the voltage input pin and the switching node pin. A Zener diode D1 for transferring energy to the output terminal when the power is off is connected between the switching node pin and the feedback pin.

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