Hybrid solid-state switch circuit, switch structure and power distribution equipment

Abstract

The utility model provides a hybrid solid-state switch circuit, a switch structure and power distribution equipment, and relates to the technical field of power equipment, the hybrid solid-state switch circuit comprises a mechanical switch, a solid-state switch, an isolation switch and an operation mechanism, the mechanical switch is connected with the solid-state switch in parallel, and the solid-state switch is connected with the isolation switch in series. And the operating mechanism is simultaneously in driving connection with the mechanical switch and the isolating switch to drive the mechanical switch and the isolating switch to be synchronously connected or disconnected. Therefore, when fault current passes through the hybrid solid-state switch circuit, the operating mechanism drives the mechanical switch and the isolating switch to be disconnected synchronously, and at the moment, the solid-state switch connected in series with the isolating switch is disconnected with the external loop, so that the whole hybrid solid-state switch circuit is reliably disconnected with the external loop, and the hidden danger of electric leakage is avoided. Besides, the mechanical switch and the isolation switch are simultaneously driven by the same operating mechanism, so that the requirement for an independent driving device is reduced, the structural complexity is reduced, and the overall size and weight of the switch structure are optimized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power equipment, in particular to a hybrid solid-state switching circuit, a switching structure and a power distribution device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current application of circuit breaker products in DC systems usually needs to meet the performance requirements through multi-pole series or expansion of arc extinguishing systems. However, with the continuous improvement of system performance requirements, the capacity of traditional circuit breakers has been difficult to adapt. Therefore, solid-state circuit breakers have emerged, which can provide higher performance and reliability. However, due to the constraints of high cost and heat dissipation problems, solid-state circuit breakers have not been widely used. At present, only products suitable for small current (such as below 80A) can be actually put into use, because the heat dissipation demand of these products is relatively low.

[0003] To solve the limitations of traditional mechanical circuit breakers and solid-state circuit breakers, hybrid solid-state circuit breakers that combine the advantages of both have emerged. As shown in Figure 1 This hybrid solid-state circuit breaker includes a first mechanical branch, a first power electronic branch and a first energy absorption branch, which are connected in parallel. In actual application, when the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker fails, the circuit is usually cut off only by opening the first mechanical branch. However, relying solely on the first mechanical branch to open cannot effectively determine whether the first power electronic branch and the first energy absorption branch have been completely disconnected, which may lead to potential safety hazards.

[0004] As shown in Figure 2 To solve this problem, a first disconnector is usually added to the circuit to ensure that the circuit can be completely powered off in the event of a fault. However, this improved solution requires the addition of an additional operating mechanism, which not only increases the overall cost, but also increases the structural complexity and space occupation. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a hybrid solid-state switching circuit, a switching structure and a power distribution device to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the embodiments of the present application are as follows:

[0007] In one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a hybrid solid-state switching circuit is provided, which includes a mechanical switch, a solid-state switch, a disconnector and an operating mechanism. The mechanical switch and the solid-state switch are connected in parallel, the solid-state switch and the disconnector are connected in series, and the operating mechanism is simultaneously drivingly connected with the mechanical switch and the disconnector to drive the mechanical switch and the disconnector to be turned on or turned off synchronously.

[0008] The mechanical switch and the disconnector are connected in series.

[0009] Optionally, the solid-state switch comprises a power electronic branch and an energy absorption branch connected in parallel, the power electronic branch is configured to divert the fault current to the energy absorption branch when the hybrid solid-state switch circuit is subjected to the fault current.

[0010] Optionally, the power electronic branch and the energy absorption branch are integrated on the same circuit board.

[0011] Optionally, the mechanical switch comprises a plurality of groups of contact units connected in series.

[0012] Optionally, the disconnector comprises a plurality of groups of contact units connected in series.

[0013] In another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a hybrid solid-state switch structure is provided, comprising two hybrid solid-state switch circuits of any of the above, the two hybrid solid-state switch circuits being connected in series, and further comprising a base, the base having a mechanical region and an electronic region, the disconnector and the mechanical switch of the hybrid solid-state switch structure being arranged in the mechanical region along a first direction, and the solid-state switch of the hybrid solid-state switch circuit being arranged in the electronic region.

[0014] Optionally, the mechanical switch and the disconnector jointly form a multi-pole molded case circuit breaker having a plurality of groups of contact units.

[0015] Optionally, the multi-pole molded case circuit breaker is a four-pole molded case circuit breaker, two groups of contact units in the four-pole molded case circuit breaker jointly form the mechanical switch, the two groups of contact units forming the mechanical switch belong to the two hybrid solid-state switch circuits respectively, and the other two groups of contact units in the four-pole molded case circuit breaker jointly form the disconnector, the two groups of contact units forming the disconnector belong to the two hybrid solid-state switch circuits respectively.

[0016] Optionally, the hybrid solid-state switch structure further comprises a first shell and a second shell, the first shell being arranged on the periphery of the mechanical region, and the second shell being arranged on the periphery of the electronic region.

[0017] Optionally, the hybrid solid-state switch structure further comprises a control system, the control system being electrically connected with the solid-state switch and the operating mechanism respectively.

[0018] Optionally, the mechanical region and the electronic region are arranged along the first direction, the mechanical region has a first region and a second region arranged in sequence along the first direction, the disconnector is arranged in the first region, and the mechanical switch is arranged in the second region.

[0019] In another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a power distribution device is provided, comprising the hybrid solid-state switch structure of any of the above.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present application include:

[0021] The application provides a hybrid solid-state switching circuit, a switching structure and a power distribution device. The hybrid solid-state switching circuit comprises a mechanical switch, a solid-state switch, an isolation switch and an operating mechanism. The mechanical switch and the solid-state switch are connected in parallel, and the solid-state switch and the isolation switch are connected in series. The operating mechanism is simultaneously connected with the mechanical switch and the isolation switch for driving the mechanical switch and the isolation switch to be synchronously turned on or turned off. Thus, when the hybrid solid-state switching circuit detects a fault current, the operating mechanism drives the mechanical switch and the isolation switch to be synchronously turned off. At this time, the solid-state switch connected in series with the isolation switch is also disconnected with the external circuit, so that the hybrid solid-state switching circuit is reliably disconnected with the external circuit, thereby avoiding the hidden danger of electric leakage and ensuring the safety and stability of the system. In addition, the same operating mechanism is used to drive the mechanical switch and the isolation switch, thereby reducing the requirement for independent driving devices, reducing the structural complexity and optimizing the volume and weight of the whole switching structure. Furthermore, the mechanical switch and the isolation switch are connected in series to form a multi-pole switching circuit, which provides multiple disconnection paths in the circuit breaking process, thereby greatly improving the breaking reliability compared with the traditional single disconnection design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the application, and therefore should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 One of the circuit diagrams of the hybrid solid-state switching circuit in the prior art;

[0024] Figure 2 The second circuit diagram of the hybrid solid-state switching circuit in the prior art;

[0025] Figure 3 The circuit diagram of the hybrid solid-state switching circuit provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0026] Figure 4 The circuit diagram of another hybrid solid-state switching circuit provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0027] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the hybrid solid-state switching circuit provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0028] Figure 6 The structural schematic diagram of the hybrid solid-state switching circuit provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0029] Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the hybrid solid-state switching circuit provided by the embodiments of the application;

[0030] icon: 10 - first mechanical branch; 210 - first power electronic branch; 220 - first energy absorption branch; 30 - first disconnector; 1 - mechanical switch; 2 - solid state switch; 21 - power electronic branch; 22 - energy absorption branch; 3 - disconnector; 4 - operating mechanism; 5 - base; 61 - first housing; 62 - second housing; 7 - contact unit; M - mechanical area; E - electronic area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and superiorities of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will be combined with the accompanying drawings for clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that each feature in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other feature in the embodiments of the present application without conflict, and the combined embodiments are still within the protection scope of the present application.

[0033] It should be noted that: similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in the subsequent drawings.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly placed when the product of the present application is used, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", and the like are only used for differentiation in description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", and the like do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is relatively more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0036] In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0037] As shown in Figure 1 , the hybrid solid-state circuit breaker can realize the coordination of current conduction and fault protection through the parallel design of the first mechanical branch 10, the first power electronic branch 210 and the first energy absorption branch 220. However, in actual application, it is difficult to judge whether the other branches are completely disconnected only by disconnecting the first mechanical branch 10, and there is a safety hazard. Therefore, as shown in Figure 2 , a first disconnector 30 is usually added in the circuit to ensure complete power-off in case of fault, but this improvement increases the operating mechanism, resulting in increased cost, improved structural complexity, and occupying more space.

[0038] To solve the above problems, one aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a hybrid solid-state switch circuit, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , including a mechanical switch 1, a solid-state switch 2, a disconnector 3 and an operating mechanism 4. The mechanical switch 1 and the solid-state switch 2 realize complementary functions through parallel connection, while the solid-state switch 2 and the disconnector 3 are connected in series to enhance the circuit breaking and isolation capability. The operating mechanism 4 is simultaneously driven connected with the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3, and can simultaneously drive both to perform synchronous on or synchronous off operation, to provide basic support for fast response and circuit breaking function in fault state, and at the same time optimize the overall complexity of the operating system.

[0039] Specifically, in the normal power supply state, the operating mechanism 4 drives the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 to be turned on synchronously, and the current is mainly transmitted to the load end through the mechanical switch 1, at this time, there is no current flowing through the solid-state switch 2; when the hybrid solid-state switch detects a fault current, the operating mechanism 4 drives the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 to be turned off synchronously, and when the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 are just turned off, the arc between the breaking points starts to generate, since the mechanical switch 1 is in parallel with the solid-state switch 2, with the mechanical switch 1 being turned off, the fault current is transferred to the solid-state switch 2 under the action of the arc voltage, and the forced zero operation of the fault current is completed by using the high-speed response characteristic of the solid-state switch 2, so as to realize the rapid cutting off of the fault current and ensure the non-arc breaking of the mechanical switch 1. Since the solid-state switch 2 is in series with the disconnector 3, when the fault current is transferred to the solid-state switch 2, the fault current also flows through the disconnector 3, and the arc between the breaking points of the disconnector 3 will generate, so the disconnector 3 also needs to have a certain breaking capacity. After the fault current is cut off, since the disconnector 3 is turned off, it can be effectively judged that the solid-state switch 2 has been completely turned off. In addition, by simultaneously driving the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 through the same operating mechanism 4, not only the synchronism and coordination of the two can be ensured, but also the demand for independent driving devices can be reduced, thereby reducing the structural complexity and optimizing the size and weight of the whole switch.

[0040] As shown in Figure 3 , the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 are connected in series. By adopting the series connection scheme of the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3, the disconnector 3 serves as an auxiliary switch for cutting off the connection between the solid-state switch 2 and the external loop. The mechanical switch 1 is responsible for the main on-off operation. This design can realize the clear division of labor of different switch components and avoid the complexity of multiple switches participating in the main loop operation at the same time.

[0041] The mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 each include at least one contact unit 7, and in order to further optimize the breaking performance, the moving contact in the contact unit 7 can be designed as a double-breakpoint moving contact. The double-breakpoint moving contact can make the current be broken at multiple points at the same time in the breaking process by designing two breaking points in one contact assembly, thereby reducing the load of a single contact point. This design not only can accelerate the breaking speed, but also can reduce the concentrated release of arc energy on a single contact point, which is helpful to reduce the ablation of the arc to the contact point and prolong the service life of the contact point. In addition, the design cost of the double-breakpoint moving contact is lower than that of the scheme for realizing the same function by adding an additional breaking point assembly, so it has higher economic efficiency.

[0042] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the solid-state switch 2 includes a power electronic branch 21 and an energy absorption branch 22 connected in parallel, wherein the power electronic branch 21 is the core part for fault current transfer and interruption, and the energy absorption branch 22 is mainly used for absorbing the residual energy generated in the process of switch operation, thereby providing overvoltage protection.

[0043] Specifically, when the hybrid solid-state switch detects a fault current, the control system triggers the power electronic devices in the power electronic branch 21 to conduct, and the fault current is quickly transferred from the mechanical switch 1 to the power electronic branch 21 under the action of arc voltage. The core component of the power electronic branch 21 is a power electronic device, which can be selected from thyristor (SCR), insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), integrated gate-commutated transistor (IGCT), insulated gate transistor (IEGT), or gate-commutated thyristor (GTO), etc. These devices can effectively transfer and interrupt the fault current due to their fast response characteristics and high reliability. Subsequently, the control system disconnects the power electronic branch 21, causing the fault current to be transferred to the energy absorption branch 22.

[0044] When the fault current is transferred to the energy absorption branch 22, the residual energy in the current is absorbed and processed by the branch, ensuring that the overvoltage of the switch system is effectively suppressed. The energy absorption branch 22 usually includes a lightning arrester component, such as a MOV zinc oxide lightning arrester, which has a non-linear voltage-current characteristic and can quickly act when the voltage abnormally rises, absorbing excess energy and protecting circuit elements. Of course, the energy absorption branch 22 is not limited to the MOV zinc oxide lightning arrester, but can also use other circuits or systems that can absorb residual energy, such as RC absorption circuits or special energy absorption modules, to improve the applicability and expandability of the system.

[0045] Optionally, the power electronic branch 21 and the energy absorption branch 22 are integrated on the same circuit board. The power electronic branch 21 and the energy absorption branch 22 are integrated, and both are integrated on the same circuit board. This design optimizes the spatial layout by closely arranging the functional modules of the power electronic branch 21 and the energy absorption branch 22 on the same platform, making the electrical connection between the two branches more compact, shortening the signal transmission path, and reducing electrical interference and energy loss, further improving the stability and reliability of the system. In addition, the integrated design can also reduce the use of independent circuit boards and complex wiring, simplify the overall process, reduce manufacturing and assembly costs, and be suitable for a variety of application scenarios, especially in modern power equipment with high requirements for volume, weight and system integration.

[0046] It should be noted that the functional modules of the power electronic branch 21 and the energy absorption branch 22 are arranged in separate areas, and through reasonable circuit layout, the two modules can not only efficiently cooperate, but also avoid electromagnetic interference. In addition, since the power electronic device will generate a large amount of heat during operation, the circuit board can adopt a multi-layer structure, combined with high thermal conductivity materials and heat dissipation channels, to ensure that the heat can be quickly dissipated, avoiding performance degradation or component damage due to overheating.

[0047] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4 The mechanical switch 1 includes a plurality of series-connected contact units 7. When a plurality of contact units 7 are connected in series, each contact unit 7 shares the voltage of the external circuit in the on state, thereby reducing the voltage bearing pressure of a single contact unit 7 and significantly improving the voltage resistance performance of the entire system. In addition, the plurality of series-connected contact units 7 can also form a multi-break switch to improve the breaking speed. It should be noted that the plurality of series-connected contact units 7 should be driven by a unified operating mechanism 4 to ensure that each contact unit 7 moves synchronously in the on or off state, guarantee the consistency of the movement, and further enhance the stability and safety of the system. The operating mechanism 4 can be mechanical, electric or pneumatic, and the specific selection depends on the application requirements of the system.

[0048] Optionally, as shown in Figure 4 The disconnector 3 includes a plurality of series-connected contact units 7. When a plurality of contact units 7 are connected in series, each contact unit 7 shares the voltage of the external circuit in the off state, thereby reducing the voltage bearing pressure of a single contact unit 7 and significantly improving the voltage resistance performance of the entire system. In addition, the plurality of series-connected contact units 7 can also form a multi-break switch to improve the breaking speed. It should be noted that the plurality of series-connected contact units 7 should be driven by a unified operating mechanism 4 to ensure that each contact unit 7 moves synchronously in the on or off state, guarantee the consistency of the movement, and further enhance the stability and safety of the system.

[0049] In another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a hybrid solid-state switch structure is provided, as shown in Figures 5 to 7 The hybrid solid-state switch structure includes two hybrid solid-state switch circuits as described above, and the two hybrid solid-state switch circuits are connected in series.

[0050] Optionally, the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 jointly form a multi-pole molded case circuit breaker with multiple sets of contact units 7, that is, the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 are integrated in the same molded case structure to realize the division and cooperation of respective functions. Specifically, the mechanical switch 1 is mainly responsible for the normal conduction and disconnection of the load circuit; the disconnector 3 is responsible for completely isolating the circuit in the fault state. The two achieve the separation of electrical functions and the unity of mechanical layout through reasonable internal connection. In order to realize the synchronous operation of the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3, the operating mechanism 4 can also be integrated in the multi-pole molded case circuit breaker to realize the simultaneous driving of the actions of multiple sets of contact units 7.

[0051] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 , the multi-pole molded case circuit breaker is a four-pole molded case circuit breaker, which includes the operating mechanism 4 and the first to fourth sets of contact units 7 arranged from left to right along the first direction. The first and second sets of contact units 7 jointly form the disconnector 3, and the first and second sets of contact units 7 respectively belong to two hybrid solid-state switch circuits. The third and fourth sets of contact units 7 jointly form the mechanical switch 1, and the third and fourth sets of contact units 7 respectively belong to two hybrid solid-state switch circuits. The four-pole molded case circuit breaker has two solid-state switches 2 arranged from left to right along the right side of the first direction.

[0052] The first set of contact units 7 and the fourth set of contact units 7 are in series, the first set of contact units 7 and the solid-state switch 2 on the right are in series, and the fourth set of contact units 7 and the solid-state switch 2 on the right are in parallel, forming a circuit as shown in Figure 3 .

[0053] The second set of contact units 7 and the third set of contact units 7 are in series, the second set of contact units 7 and the solid-state switch 2 on the left are in series, and the third set of contact units 7 and the solid-state switch 2 on the left are in parallel, forming another circuit as shown in Figure 3 .

[0054] Optionally, the wiring terminals of the disconnector 3 jointly formed by the first and second sets of contact units 7 are power supply terminals, respectively connected to the power supply, and the wiring terminals of the mechanical switch 1 jointly formed by the third and fourth sets of contact units 7 are load terminals, respectively connected to both ends of the load. It should be noted that the wiring terminals of the disconnector 3 formed by the first and second sets of contact units 7 can be respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the direct current power supply, or respectively connected to the phase line and zero line or two phase lines of the alternating current power supply.

[0055] Optionally, the terminal of the disconnector 3 formed by the first group and the second group of contact units 7 is a load terminal, respectively connected to two ends of a load, and the terminal of the mechanical switch 1 formed by the third group and the fourth group of contact units 7 is a power terminal, respectively connected to a power supply. It should be noted that the terminal of the mechanical switch 1 formed by the third group and the fourth group of contact units 7 can be respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of a direct current power supply, or respectively connected to the phase line and the zero line or two phase lines of an alternating current power supply.

[0056] It should be noted that the arrangement order of the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 along the first direction is not limited, and they can be arranged in sequence along the first direction, for example, Figure 5 The mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 can also be arranged at intervals along the first direction, or arranged irregularly along the first direction.

[0057] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the hybrid solid-state switch structure further includes a base 5, the base 5 has a mechanical region M and an electronic region E, each region is positioned according to its function and is specially used to accommodate different switch components, realizing modular layout and efficient operation of switch function, and providing sufficient design space for function optimization. Specifically, the disconnector 3 and the mechanical switch 1 of the hybrid solid-state switch structure are arranged in the mechanical region M along the first direction, and the solid-state switch 2 of the hybrid solid-state switch circuit is arranged in the electronic region E, ensuring the independence of each component in physical layout. Among them, the mechanical region M and the electronic region E can be arranged left and right along the first direction, or arranged up and down.

[0058] Optionally, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the mechanical region M and the electronic region E are arranged along the first direction, the mechanical region M has a first region and a second region arranged in sequence along the first direction, the disconnector 3 is arranged in the first region, the mechanical switch 1 is arranged in the second region, and the solid-state switch 2 is arranged in the electronic region E, thereby forming a compact linear layout, effectively optimizing the spatial layout inside the hybrid solid-state switch structure, and facilitating the synchronous driving of the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 by the operating mechanism 4. In addition, according to specific application requirements, the arrangement position of the components can also be flexibly adjusted. For example, the mechanical switch 1 can also be arranged in the first region, and the disconnector 3 is located in the second region. Such adjustment can optimize the current conduction path or improve the isolation effect in some application scenarios, while providing more adaptive solutions for the design of the base 5.

[0059] Optionally, as shown in Figure 7As shown, the hybrid solid-state switch structure further comprises a first housing 61 and a second housing 62. The first housing 61 is used to cover the periphery of the mechanical area M, mainly protecting the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 located in the mechanical area M. The second housing 62 covers the periphery of the electronic area E, and is specially designed to protect the solid-state switch 2. This partitioned housing design not only realizes independent protection of each functional module, but also adapts to different working environments, improving the protection performance and service life of the equipment.

[0060] It should be noted that the design of the first housing 61 focuses on protecting the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 from external environmental factors such as dust, moisture, or mechanical damage. The housing can be made of high-temperature-resistant and impact-resistant insulating materials to ensure that it can withstand the high heat and mechanical vibration generated by the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 during operation. At the same time, the closure method of the first housing 61 is optimized to facilitate the driving and maintenance of the internal switches by the operating mechanism 4 while ensuring sealing. The second housing 62 is designed specifically for the protection of the solid-state switch 2, and its material and structure need to have excellent heat dissipation performance to meet the heat management needs of the solid-state switch 2 during operation. The second housing 62 can be integrated with cooling fins or cooling channels to further improve the cooling efficiency. In addition, in order to adapt to the high requirements of the solid-state switch 2 on electronic components, the second housing 62 also needs to have the ability to resist electromagnetic interference to avoid the influence of the external environment on the circuit of the solid-state switch 2.

[0061] Optionally, the hybrid solid-state switch structure further comprises a control system, which is electrically connected with the solid-state switch 2 and the operating mechanism 4 respectively, forming a coordinated control loop. During the operation of the entire switch, the control system monitors the operating state of the circuit in real time, and according to the detected current characteristics or fault signals, issues corresponding control instructions to ensure the coordinated action of each switch component, thereby realizing safe, fast, and efficient current control.

[0062] In normal power supply state, the control system controls the operating mechanism 4 to drive the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 to be turned on synchronously. At this time, the current flows from the mechanical switch 1 and is directly transmitted to the load end, and the solid-state switch 2 does not participate in the transmission of the current. When the control system detects a fault current, such as a short-circuit current or an overload current, the control system immediately starts a fault protection program to control the operating mechanism 4 to drive the mechanical switch 1 and the disconnector 3 to be turned off synchronously. At the same time, the control system sends a turn-on pulse signal to the solid-state switch 2 to make the solid-state switch 2 quickly turn on. Since the mechanical switch 1 and the solid-state switch 2 are connected in parallel, the fault current quickly transfers to the solid-state switch 2 under the action of the arc voltage, and the forced zero operation of the fault current is completed by the solid-state switch 2, so that the fault current is quickly cut off. This design can ensure that the breaking operation of the mechanical switch 1 is completed under the condition of no arc, and greatly improves the service life and reliability of the switch as a whole. Since the solid-state switch 2 and the disconnector 3 are connected in series, when the fault current transfers to the solid-state switch 2, the fault current also flows through the disconnector 3, and there is an arc between the breaking points of the disconnector 3, so the disconnector 3 also needs to have a certain breaking capacity. After the fault current is cut off, since the disconnector 3 is turned off, the control system can effectively determine that the solid-state switch 2 has been completely turned off.

[0063] It should be noted that a current detection module can be arranged in the control system to be responsible for real-time monitoring of the loop current, and when the current exceeds a set threshold, the control system is triggered to send a breaking instruction. At the same time, the turn-on pulse signal of the solid-state switch 2 can be generated by a fast trigger circuit to ensure that the solid-state switch 2 can respond at the first time after the fault occurs.

[0064] In another aspect of the embodiment of the application, a power distribution device is provided, which comprises the hybrid solid-state switch structure of any one of the above. Since the power distribution device adopts the hybrid solid-state switch structure described above, it also has the same beneficial effects as the hybrid solid-state switch structure, which will not be described here.

[0065] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application and is not intended to limit the application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and changes to the application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A hybrid solid state switching circuit, characterized by, The mechanical switch (1) is connected in parallel with the solid-state switch (2), the solid-state switch (2) is connected in series with the disconnecting switch (3), and the operating mechanism (4) is simultaneously drivingly connected with the mechanical switch (1) and the disconnecting switch (3) to drive the mechanical switch (1) and the disconnecting switch (3) to be turned on or turned off synchronously. The mechanical switch (1) is connected in series with the disconnecting switch (3).

2. The hybrid solid state switching circuit of claim 1, wherein, The solid-state switch (2) comprises a power electronic branch (21) and an energy absorption branch (22) connected in parallel, and the power electronic branch (21) is used to divert a fault current to the energy absorption branch (22) when the fault current passes through the hybrid solid-state switch circuit.

3. The hybrid solid state switching circuit of claim 2, wherein, The power electronic branch (21) and the energy absorption branch (22) are integrated on the same circuit board.

4. The hybrid solid state switching circuit of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The mechanical switch (1) comprises a plurality of groups of contact units (7) connected in series, and / or the disconnecting switch (3) comprises a plurality of groups of contact units (7) connected in series.

5. A hybrid solid state switch structure comprising two hybrid solid state switch circuits according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the two hybrid solid state switch circuits being connected in series, characterized in that, Further comprising a base (5) having a mechanical area (M) and an electronic area (E), the disconnecting switch (3) and the mechanical switch (1) of the hybrid solid-state switch structure are arranged in the mechanical area (M) along a first direction, and the solid-state switch (2) of the hybrid solid-state switch circuit is arranged in the electronic area (E).

6. The hybrid solid state switch structure of claim 5, wherein, The mechanical switch (1) and the disconnecting switch (3) jointly form a multi-pole molded case circuit breaker having a plurality of groups of contact units (7).

7. The hybrid solid state switch structure of claim 6, wherein, The multi-pole molded case circuit breaker is a four-pole molded case circuit breaker, two groups of the contact units (7) in the four-pole molded case circuit breaker jointly form the mechanical switch (1), the two groups of the contact units (7) forming the mechanical switch (1) belong to two hybrid solid-state switch circuits respectively, and the other two groups of the contact units (7) in the four-pole molded case circuit breaker jointly form the disconnecting switch (3), the two groups of the contact units (7) forming the disconnecting switch (3) belong to two hybrid solid-state switch circuits respectively.

8. The hybrid solid state switch structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The hybrid solid-state switch structure further comprises a first shell (61) and a second shell (62), the first shell (61) is arranged on the periphery of the mechanical area (M), and the second shell (62) is arranged on the periphery of the electronic area (E).

9. The hybrid solid state switch structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The mechanical area (M) and the electronic area (E) are arranged along the first direction, the mechanical area (M) has a first area and a second area arranged in sequence along the first direction, the disconnecting switch (3) is arranged in the first area, and the mechanical switch (1) is arranged in the second area.

10. A power distribution apparatus, comprising: The hybrid solid-state switch structure of any one of claims 5 to 9 further comprises a control system, and the control system is electrically connected with the solid-state switch (2) of the hybrid solid-state switch structure and the operating mechanism (4) of the hybrid solid-state switch structure respectively.

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