Pre-separation device and pepper harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a pre-separation device and a pepper harvester, which comprises a three-stage roller assembly, a first roller, a second roller and a third roller which are distributed in a triangular shape, and spike teeth on the first roller and spike teeth on the second roller are respectively staggered with spike teeth on the third roller; the side plates are arranged on the two opposite sides of the three-stage roller assembly correspondingly, and the two ends of the first roller, the two ends of the second roller and the two ends of the third roller are installed on the side plates on the two sides through bearing pedestals correspondingly; the output end of the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the roller shaft of the first roller; and the adjusting mechanism is connected with the third-stage roller assembly and used for adjusting the position and the pitching angle of the third-stage roller assembly. According to the pepper threshing machine, pepper fruits can be thoroughly separated from stalks, multi-stage separation of pepper stalks and peppers is achieved, the pepper threshing rate is increased, losses caused by the fact that the peppers are discharged out of the machine along with the pepper stalks are reduced, and the impurity rate of the peppers can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, specifically to a pre-detachment device and a chili harvester. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of agricultural mechanization, chili harvesting machinery has gradually become an important tool for improving agricultural production efficiency in China. Currently, chili harvesting machinery mainly includes a harvesting platform, a threshing device, and a cleaning and sorting device. Among them, the harvesting platform is directly responsible for cutting chilies off the plant, but in this process, the harvested material often contains a large number of chili fruits that have not been completely removed from the stem.

[0003] In existing chili harvesting machinery, most re-threshing devices employ a single-stage drum design. This type of device is typically positioned at a specific location on the machine to further process the material after the initial treatment at the harvesting platform. Specifically, the harvested chilies first undergo sorting in the pre-cleaning stage to remove most impurities and non-target materials before the stems with chilies enter the re-threshing device for secondary processing. However, in practice, single-stage drum re-threshing devices often struggle to completely separate the chilies from the stems. This deficiency results in some chilies remaining attached to the stems, ultimately being discharged along with the material processed by the pre-cleaning device, causing unnecessary losses. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a pre-separation device, which can be installed in front of the upper cleaning device of the harvester to perform pre-separation before the re-separation device, thereby completely separating the pepper fruits from the stems, achieving multi-stage separation of pepper stems and peppers, improving the pepper removal rate, reducing the loss caused by peppers being discharged from the machine along with the pepper stems, and also reducing the impurity content of peppers.

[0005] Another objective of this invention is to provide a chili harvester that can install a pre-separation device in front of the upper cleaning device to pre-separate the chili fruit before the re-separation device, thereby completely separating the chili fruit from the stem, achieving multi-stage separation of the chili stem and the chili, improving the chili removal rate, reducing the loss caused by the chili being discharged from the machine along with the chili stem, and also reducing the impurity content of the chili.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is implemented as follows:

[0007] A pre-disengagement device, comprising:

[0008] The three-stage roller assembly includes a first roller, a second roller, and a third roller arranged in a triangle. The spikes on the first roller and the second roller are respectively staggered with the spikes on the third roller. The first roller is connected to the second roller and the third roller for transmission through a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly, respectively.

[0009] Side plates are respectively provided on opposite sides of the three-stage roller assembly, and the two ends of the first roller, the second roller and the third roller are respectively mounted on the side plates on both sides through bearing seats;

[0010] A drive mechanism, the output end of which is connected to the roller shaft of the first roller for transmission;

[0011] An adjustment mechanism, connected to the three-stage roller assembly, is used to adjust the position and pitch angle of the three-stage roller assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the front and rear portions of the side plate are respectively provided with a front adjustment shaft and a rear adjustment shaft, and the adjustment mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the three-stage roller assembly;

[0013] The adjustment mechanism includes a support beam, an adjustment plate, a connecting plate, a guide seat, and a lead screw. The two ends of the front adjustment shaft are rotatably connected to the support beams on both sides through the adjustment plate. Multiple adjustment holes are opened on the adjustment plate and the support beams. The adjustment holes on the adjustment plate and the adjustment holes on the support beams are used to install hinge components. The two ends of the rear adjustment shaft are rotatably connected to the support beams on both sides. Multiple mounting holes for installing the rear adjustment shaft are opened on the support beams. The rear end of the support beam is used to hinge with the frame of the harvester.

[0014] The connecting plates are respectively provided on opposite sides of the guide seat. One end of the connecting plate is hinged to the guide seat, and the other end is fixedly connected to the front end of the support beam.

[0015] The guide seat has a threaded hole that matches the lead screw, the threaded portion of the lead screw is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the guide seat, and the upper end of the lead screw is used to hinge with the frame of the harvester.

[0016] Furthermore, the rear of the three-stage roller assembly is provided with a fixed tooth plate assembly that can be used in conjunction with it. The fixed tooth plate assembly includes a fixed tooth fixing seat, a fixed tooth, and a fixed tooth reinforcing rib. The fixed tooth fixing seat is provided with multiple fixed teeth, and the fixed tooth reinforcing rib is provided at the corner between the fixed tooth and the fixed tooth reinforcing rib.

[0017] Furthermore, the drive mechanism includes a hydraulic motor, the output shaft of which is connected to the roller shaft of the first roller via a chain drive.

[0018] Furthermore, the drive mechanism also includes a hydraulic pump and an oil pipe, wherein the hydraulic pump is connected to the hydraulic motor through the oil pipe to provide power to the hydraulic motor.

[0019] Furthermore, an overload protection system is installed on the roller shaft of the first roller to protect the three-stage roller assembly from overload.

[0020] Furthermore, the overload protection system employs a safety clutch.

[0021] Furthermore, the first transmission component and the second transmission component are both chain drive components.

[0022] A chili harvester includes a header, a bridge elevator, an upper cleaning device, a frame, a lower elevator and a lower cleaning device, and also includes the aforementioned pre-detachment device;

[0023] The pre-separation device is located above the front of the upper cleaning device. The upper end of the lead screw of the adjustment mechanism is hinged to the frame beam of the frame. A middle column is provided in the middle of the frame beam. The rear of the pre-separation device is connected to the middle column. The bridge elevator transports the chili mixture harvested by the cutting platform to the front of the upper cleaning device. The spike teeth on the three-stage roller assembly can pick up the material on the upper cleaning device and separate the chili and the stem.

[0024] The lower elevator is located below the upper cleaning device, and the lower cleaning device is located at the rear end of the lower elevator.

[0025] Furthermore, it also includes a secondary stripping device, which is installed in the middle section of the upper cleaning device. The secondary stripping device is used to strip the chili mixture on the upper cleaning device a second time.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0027] The pre-separation device can be installed in front of the upper cleaning device of the chili harvester to perform pre-separation before the re-separation device. The pre-separation device adopts a three-stage roller type, namely the first roller, the second roller and the third roller, whose rotation speed increases sequentially. The first roller and the second roller rotate in the same direction but the third roller rotates in a different direction. The first roller is the main roller. The spike teeth on the first roller and the second roller are staggered with the spike teeth on the third and third rollers, and then the speed difference between the spike teeth of different rollers is used to separate the chili peppers from the stalk. The three-stage roller assembly has a simple structure, is easy to install, saves costs, and has a good separation effect.

[0028] The adjustment mechanism of the pre-separation device can adjust the front and rear position and pitch angle of the pre-separation device based on information such as the thickness of the material layer in the upper cleaning device, the chili yield, and the state of the material when it arrives at the pre-separation device. This ensures that the material enters the pre-separation device smoothly, providing a guarantee for the pre-separation device to achieve the best working efficiency. Moreover, the mechanism has a simple structure, is easy to install, and is easy to adjust.

[0029] By designing a pre-separation device and combining it with a secondary separation device, the pepper fruits can be completely separated from the stems, enabling multi-stage separation of the pepper stems and peppers, improving the pepper removal rate, reducing losses caused by peppers being discharged from the machine along with the stems, and also reducing the impurity content of the peppers. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-disengagement device of this utility model from the side.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the three-stage roller assembly of the pre-detachment device of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of this utility model assembled in the pre-disengagement device;

[0034] Figure 4 This is the front view of the supporting beam of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a top view of the supporting beam of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a front view of the adjustment plate of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a left view of the adjustment plate of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the first roller of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 9 This is an isometric drawing of the nail tooth plate assembly of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a top view of the assembly of the fixed tooth plate assembly of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-detachment device and re-detachment device of this utility model installed on a chili harvester.

[0042] In the picture:

[0043] 1-Three-stage roller assembly; 2-Adjusting mechanism; 3-Fixing plate; 4-First roller; 5-Second roller; 6-Third roller;

[0044] 7-Stabilized tooth plate assembly; 8-Roller body; 9-Roller shaft; 10-Spiked tooth; 11-Overload protection system; 12-Roller tube; 13-Driven sprocket; 14-Bearing housing; 15-Side plate; 16-Stabilized tooth fixing seat; 17-Stabilized tooth; 18-Stabilized tooth reinforcing rib; 19-Adjusting hole;

[0045] 20-Frame crossbeam; 21-Screw rod; 22-Support crossbeam; 23-Guide seat; 24-Adjusting nut; 25-Connecting plate; 26-Adjusting plate; 27-Front adjusting shaft; 28-Rear adjusting shaft; 29-Intermediate column; 30-Mounting hole;

[0046] 31-Hydraulic motor; 32-Chain;

[0047] 41-Bridge elevator; 42-Upper cleaning device; 43-Re-de-tangling device; 44-Lower cleaning device; 45-Cylindrical elevator; 46-Lower elevator;

[0048] 50 - Toothed mounting base; 51 - Toothed adjusting nut. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0050] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0052] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, outlines some embodiments of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] Reference Figures 1-11 This embodiment provides a pre-detachment device, including:

[0058] The three-stage roller assembly 1 includes a first roller 4, a second roller 5, and a third roller 6 arranged in a triangular pattern (e.g., ...). Figure 3 and Figure 11 The spike teeth on the first roller 4 and the second roller 5 are respectively staggered with the spike teeth on the third roller 6. The first roller 4 is connected to the second roller 5 and the third roller 6 through the first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly respectively.

[0059] Side plates 15 are provided on opposite sides of the three-stage roller assembly 1, and the two ends of the first roller 4, the second roller 5 and the third roller 6 are respectively mounted on the side plates 15 on both sides through bearing seats 14.

[0060] The drive mechanism has its output end connected to the roller shaft 9 of the first roller 4 for transmission.

[0061] Adjustment mechanism 2 is connected to the three-stage roller assembly 1 and is used to adjust the position and pitch angle of the three-stage roller assembly 1.

[0062] It should be noted that the first roller 4, the second roller 5, and the third roller 6 have the same structure, each including a roller shaft 9 and a roller body 8 mounted on the roller shaft 9. The roller tube 12 of the roller body 8 has evenly distributed nail teeth 10, which are round-headed roller nail teeth. The nail teeth 10 are mounted on the nail tooth mounting seat 50 by nail tooth adjusting nuts 51.

[0063] The front and rear parts of the side plate 15 are respectively provided with a front adjustment shaft 27 and a rear adjustment shaft 28, and the adjustment mechanism 2 is symmetrically provided on the opposite sides of the three-stage roller assembly 1;

[0064] Specifically: The adjustment mechanism 2 includes a support beam 22, an adjustment plate 26, a connecting plate 25, a guide seat 23, and a lead screw 21. The two ends of the front adjustment shaft 27 are rotatably connected to the support beams 22 on both sides through the adjustment plate 26, and the two ends of the rear adjustment shaft 28 are rotatably connected to the support beams 22 on both sides. The rear end of the support beam 22 is used to hinge with the frame of the harvester.

[0065] Connecting plates 25 are respectively provided on opposite sides of the guide seat 23. One end of the connecting plate 25 is hinged to the guide seat 23, and the other end is fixedly connected to the front end of the support beam 22.

[0066] The guide seat 23 has a threaded hole that matches the lead screw 21. The threaded part of the lead screw 21 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the guide seat 23. The upper end of the lead screw 21 is used to hinge with the frame of the harvester.

[0067] Adjusting nuts 24 are installed on the upper and lower parts of the guide seat 23. The guide seat 23 is fixed to the support beam 22 by the connecting plate 25. Multiple adjusting holes 19 are evenly distributed on the support beam 22. Multiple adjusting holes 19 are also evenly distributed on the adjusting plate 26. The upper end of the adjusting plate 26 is connected to the front adjusting shaft 27. The front adjusting shaft 27 and the three-stage roller assembly 1 are fixed by the fixing plate 3. The rear end of the support beam 22 is connected to the rear adjusting shaft 28. The rear end of the support beam 22 is designed with multiple mounting holes 30 for installing the rear adjusting shaft 28, which can be used for the front and rear adjustment of the pre-disengagement device. The rear end of the support beam 22 is installed on the intermediate column 29 by the bracket connecting plate 25. The upper part of the intermediate column 29 is connected and fixed to the frame beam 20 of the harvester. The adjusting mechanism 2 is symmetrically installed on the left and right sides of the three-stage roller assembly 1 to adjust the front and rear position and pitch angle of the three-stage roller assembly 1.

[0068] In this embodiment, a fixed tooth plate assembly 7 is provided at the rear of the three-stage roller assembly 1 to cooperate with it. The fixed tooth plate assembly 7 includes a fixed tooth fixing seat 16, fixed teeth 17, and fixed tooth reinforcing ribs 18. Multiple fixed teeth 17 are arranged sequentially on the fixed tooth fixing seat 16, and fixed tooth reinforcing ribs 18 are provided at the corners of the fixed teeth 17 and the fixed tooth reinforcing ribs 18. The fixed teeth 17 on the fixed tooth plate assembly 7 are stationary, while the nail teeth and the fixed teeth 17 form a relative movement to achieve cooperation, which is conducive to the separation and detachment of peppers from the pepper stems. It can also filter and brush off the bare stems from the roller, preventing them from being carried forward and wrapped around the roller. Moreover, the fixed teeth 17 are installed on the fixed tooth fixing seat 16, which has strong structural stability.

[0069] The teeth of the first roller 4 and the second roller 5 intersect with the teeth of the third roller 6 in an area. In this area, the speed difference between the teeth of the different rollers is used to separate the chili peppers from the stalks. Then, the fixed teeth 17 further separate the chili peppers from the stalks by brushing them away, preventing the stalks from tangling with the rollers and being carried forward. The three-stage roller assembly 1 has a simple structure, is easy to install, saves costs, and provides good separation.

[0070] The first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly are both chain drive assemblies. One end of the roller shaft 9 of the first roller 4 is equipped with a power input sprocket and the other end is equipped with a passive sprocket 13. The passive sprocket 13 of the first roller 4 is connected to the second roller 5 and the third roller 6 respectively by chain drive.

[0071] The drive mechanism includes a hydraulic motor 31, a hydraulic pump, and oil pipes. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 31 is connected to the power input sprocket of the first roller 4 via a chain drive. The hydraulic pump is connected to the hydraulic motor 31 via oil pipes to provide power to the hydraulic motor 31. That is, the hydraulic pump can convert mechanical energy into the pressure energy of hydraulic oil to provide the required energy and pressure for the hydraulic motor. The first roller 4 uses a chain drive to distribute power to the second roller 5 and the third roller 6. The hydraulic motor 31 has strong output power and can achieve stepless speed regulation. If the roller is blocked, it can reverse to discharge material. It can achieve fast and shock-free speed change and reversal, with smooth transmission, low noise, high integration, high efficiency, strong adaptability, and low cost.

[0072] The main roller, i.e., the first roller 4, is equipped with an overload protection system 11. The overload protection system 11 uses a safety clutch device, which cuts off the power input when overloaded, protecting the device from damage. When the mechanical equipment encounters abnormal load or overload, the torque will exceed the maximum allowable torque value preset by the clutch. At this time, the safety clutch can automatically disengage, protecting the roller assembly from damage and preventing mechanical equipment failure.

[0073] The pre-separation device can be installed above the front of the upper cleaning device 42 in the belly of the chili harvester. It does not occupy the space of the original parts of the machine, has a compact structure, and improves space utilization. Moreover, the pre-separation device is relatively independent. When added to the original model, it can effectively improve the chili removal rate, reduce impurities, and reduce the workload of the original re-threshing device 43. If the pre-separation device breaks down unexpectedly during field operation, the power input can be cut off, the adjustment mechanism 2 can be adjusted to the highest position, or the device can be removed. The original re-threshing device 43 can still be used for operation, which can reduce the impact on productivity. In normal operation of the chili harvester, the pre-separation device, together with the re-threshing device 43, performs two separations of chili and chili stalks. Compared with the original single-stage re-threshing device 43, the pre-separation device effectively improves the chili removal rate, reduces losses, and reduces impurities. It enables multi-stage separation of chili stalks and chili, improves the chili removal rate, reduces losses caused by chili being discharged from the machine with the chili stalks, and also reduces the impurity content of the chili.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] Reference Figure 11 A chili harvester includes a cutting platform, a bridge elevator 41, an upper cleaning device 42, a frame, a lower elevator 46, a lower cleaning device 44, a cylindrical elevator 45, and a re-detachment device 43, and also includes the aforementioned pre-detachment device;

[0076] The pre-separation device is located above the front of the upper cleaning device 42. The upper end of the screw 21 is hinged to the frame beam 20 of the frame. The middle column 29 is set in the middle of the frame beam 20. The rear end of the support beam 22 is installed on the middle column 29 through the bracket connecting plate 25. The bridge elevator 41 transports the chili mixture picked by the cutting table to the front end of the upper cleaning device 42. The spike teeth on the three-stage roller assembly 1 can pick up the material on the upper cleaning device 42 and separate the chili and the chili stem.

[0077] A lower elevator 46 is provided below the upper cleaning device 42, and a lower cleaning device 44 is provided at the rear end of the lower elevator 46.

[0078] A secondary separation device 43 is installed in the middle section of the supercleaning device 42. The secondary separation device 43 is used to separate the chili mixture on the supercleaning device 42 for a second time. The pre-separation device is a primary separation device, while the secondary separation device 43 is a secondary separation device.

[0079] Working principle and workflow of a chili harvester:

[0080] Before operation, the pre-separation device can be pre-adjusted based on information such as chili variety, planting density, and estimated yield. Before the machine is operating stably, a small section of the machine can be selected for testing. This involves observing the impurities and losses of the harvested chili fruits, the position of the chili mixture (chili, stalks, leaves, soil, and weeds) as it is conveyed by the bridge elevator 41 into the upper cleaning device 42, and the thickness of the chili mixture material layer. The pre-separation device can then be adjusted again using the adjustment mechanism 2 to achieve optimal operating conditions. Adjustment requires stopping the machine. Common situations include: if chilies are knocked away by the rollers, the pre-separation device is installed too far forward and needs to be adjusted backward. In this case, the rear adjustment shaft 28 is installed into the rear shaft sleeve to adjust the pre-separation device backward. If a high chili pepper loss rate occurs, it indicates that some chili pepper harvesting mixture failed to enter the pre-separation device smoothly, resulting in some chili peppers not being separated from the stalks in time. If the amount of this leaked material is large, it will increase the working pressure of the re-separation device 43, causing the leaked chili peppers to be discharged from the machine with the upper cleaning device 42, resulting in losses. This indicates that the pre-separation device's elevation angle is too large. In this case, the adjusting nut 24 on the screw 21 needs to be turned to move the guide seat 23 downward along the screw 21, thus reducing the elevation angle of the pre-separation device. If it is still not adjusted to the appropriate position, the adjusting plate 26 can be adjusted to the lower hole position, and the corresponding support beam 22 can be adjusted to the rear hole position to further reduce the elevation angle of the pre-separation device. If a high chili pepper breakage rate occurs, it indicates that the pre-separation device's elevation angle is too small, resulting in an overly strong separation effect on the chili peppers. In this case, the adjusting nut 24 needs to be turned upward, the adjusting plate 26 adjusted to the upper hole position, and the corresponding support beam 22 adjusted to the front hole position to increase the elevation angle of the pre-separation device. The adjustment mechanism 2 is simple to manufacture and install, and easy and quick to operate, which greatly improves the working efficiency of the pre-detachment device and has a good prospect for promotion.

[0081] When harvesting begins, the pre-detachment device is powered by a drive mechanism. The output shaft of the hydraulic motor 31 transmits power to the roller shaft 9 of the first roller 4 of the pre-detachment device. The power is then transmitted by the overload protection system 11 to the driven sprocket 13 at the other end of the first roller 4. The chain 32 distributes the power to the second roller 5 and the third roller 6. The rotational speeds of the first roller 4, second roller 5, and third roller 6 increase sequentially. The third roller 6 rotates in a different direction than the first roller 4 and second roller 5. The rotational speed of the pre-detachment device rollers can be continuously variable via the speed of the hydraulic motor 31, allowing for adaptive adjustment of the roller speed to accommodate different chili yields and moisture contents, ensuring smooth detachment from various material flows. When the device is overloaded, the safety clutch of the overload protection system 11 disengages, protecting the three-stage roller assembly 1 from damage.

[0082] The chili pepper harvesting mixture is conveyed to the front end of the upper cleaning device 42 via the bridge elevator 41. As the upper cleaning roller group of the upper cleaning device 42 rotates, it is conveyed backward. When the material reaches the pre-separation device, it first contacts the third roller 6, which is installed at a lower position. The linear velocity direction of the spike teeth 10 of the third roller 6 is opposite to the material flow direction. Therefore, the spike teeth 10 of the third roller 6 pick up the material and carry it to the area where it intersects with the spike teeth 10 of the first roller 4. Since the rotation direction of the first roller 4 is opposite to that of the third roller 6 and its rotation speed is lower than that of the third roller 6, there is a speed difference. The speed difference between the spike teeth 10 is used to separate the chili peppers from the stalks. The second roller 5 rotates in the same direction as the first roller 4, but not as much as the third roller 6. The speed difference between the second roller 5 and the third roller 6 is greater than that between the first roller 4 and the third roller 6. Therefore, the material removed from the first roller 4 and the third roller 6 can continue to be conveyed backward. By utilizing the speed difference between the roller nail teeth 10 of the second roller 5 and the third roller 6, the chili peppers are further separated from the pepper stems. The fixed teeth 17 on the fixed tooth plate assembly 7 are relatively stationary with respect to the roller nail teeth 10. The nail teeth 10 and the fixed teeth 17 form a relative motion, which is conducive to the separation and fall of the chili peppers from the pepper stems. It can also filter and brush the bare stems off the rollers to prevent them from being carried forward and wrapped around the rollers. Moreover, the fixed teeth 17 are installed on the fixed tooth fixing seat 16, which has strong structural stability. After the pre-separation operation is completed, the chili peppers and stalks are thrown from the pre-separation device to the upper cleaning roller group. The chili peppers, leaves, and short stems fall through the gaps in the upper cleaning roller group onto the lower elevator 46, which then transports them to the lower cleaning device 44. Some stems with chili peppers and bare stems are sent from the upper cleaning device 42 to the re-separation device 43, where they are separated again. After separation, the bare stems are discharged from the machine, and the chili peppers enter the cylindrical elevator 45. The short stems, leaves, and small impurities such as soil that fall into the lower cleaning device 44 fall to the ground through the gaps in the rollers. The chili peppers then enter the cylindrical elevator 45 and are sent to the grain bin for collection.

[0083] Repeated tests have proven that this adjustable first-stage pre-separation device has a simple structure, is easy to install, has a high degree of integration, and a high space utilization rate. The adjustment mechanism 2 is simple, has low processing and manufacturing costs, is easy and quick to adjust, has stable performance, and strong reliability. The third-stage roller assembly 1 has a simple structure, saves materials, saves costs, has excellent performance, and is reasonably designed. It has a high removal rate and low impurity rate. It is driven by a hydraulic motor 31, which can steplessly change speed, has strong power, and a low breakage rate.

[0084] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this utility model are:

[0085] This invention designs a multi-stage adjustable re-threshing device 43 with a pre-separation function. Considering the ample space in front of the upper cleaning device 42, the first-stage adjustable pre-separation device is installed above the front of the upper cleaning device 42. Equipped with an adjustment mechanism 2, the angle and position of the pre-separation device can be adjusted based on information such as the thickness and yield of the peppers, stems, and leaves harvested from the cutting platform, enhancing the working capacity and adaptability of the pre-separation device. The second-stage re-threshing device 43 is installed in the middle of the upper cleaning device 42, enabling multi-stage separation of pepper stems and peppers, significantly improving the pepper removal rate, reducing losses caused by peppers being discharged with the stems, and lowering the impurity content of the peppers. This increases farmers' yield and income, improves the quality and efficiency of pepper harvesting, and has excellent prospects for widespread application.

[0086] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

[0087] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pre-disengagement device, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a three-stage roller assembly (1) comprising a first roller (4), a second roller (5) and a third roller (6) arranged in a triangular distribution, the tines on the first roller (4) and the second roller (5) being staggered with the tines on the third roller (6), the first roller (4) being connected to the second roller (5) and the third roller (6) by a first transmission assembly and a second transmission assembly respectively; side plates (15) arranged on opposite sides of the three-stage roller assembly (1), the two ends of the first roller (4), the second roller (5) and the third roller (6) being mounted on the side plates (15) on the two sides by bearing seats (14) respectively; a drive mechanism, the output end of the drive mechanism being connected to the roller shaft (9) of the first roller (4); an adjusting mechanism (2) connected to the three-stage roller assembly (1) for adjusting the position and pitch angle of the three-stage roller assembly (1). The front part and the rear part of the side plate (15) are provided with a front adjusting pivot (27) and a rear adjusting pivot (28) respectively, and the adjusting mechanism (2) is symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the three-stage roller assembly (1); 2. The pre-disengagement device of claim 1, wherein, the adjusting mechanism (2) comprises a support beam (22), an adjusting plate (26), a connecting plate (25), a guide seat (23) and a lead screw (21), the two ends of the front adjusting pivot (27) being rotatably connected to the support beams (22) on the two sides by the adjusting plate (26), a plurality of adjusting holes (19) being formed in the adjusting plate (26) and the support beam (22) respectively, the adjusting holes (19) in the adjusting plate (26) and the adjusting holes (19) in the support beam (22) being used for jointly mounting a hinge part, the two ends of the rear adjusting pivot (28) being rotatably connected to the support beams (22) on the two sides, a plurality of mounting hole positions (30) for mounting the rear adjusting pivot (28) being formed in the support beam (22), and the rear end of the support beam (22) being used for being hingedly connected to the frame of a harvester; the connecting plate (25) is arranged on the opposite sides of the guide seat (23), one end of the connecting plate (25) being hingedly connected to the guide seat (23) and the other end being fixedly connected to the front end of the support beam (22); the guide seat (23) has a threaded hole matched with the lead screw (21), the threaded part of the lead screw (21) being threadedly connected to the threaded hole of the guide seat (23), and the upper end of the lead screw (21) being used for being hingedly connected to the frame of a harvester. the rear part of the three-stage roller assembly (1) is provided with a toothed plate assembly (7) capable of being used in cooperation, the toothed plate assembly (7) comprising a toothed fixing seat (16), toothed parts (17) and toothed reinforcing ribs (18), a plurality of toothed parts (17) being arranged on the toothed fixing seat (16), and the toothed reinforcing ribs (18) being arranged at the corners of the toothed parts (17) and the toothed reinforcing ribs (18).

3. The pre-disengagement device of claim 1, wherein, ​ 4. The pre-disengagement device of claim 1, wherein, The driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic motor (31), an output shaft of the hydraulic motor (31) is connected with a roller shaft (9) of the first roller (4) through a chain transmission.

5. The pre-disengagement device of claim 4, wherein, The driving mechanism further comprises a hydraulic pump and an oil pipe, the hydraulic pump is connected with the hydraulic motor (31) through the oil pipe to provide power for the hydraulic motor (31).

6. The pre-disengagement device of claim 1, wherein, An overload protection system (11) is installed on the roller shaft (9) of the first roller (4) to protect the three-stage roller assembly (1) from overload.

7. The pre-disengagement device of claim 6, wherein, The overload protection system (11) adopts a safety clutch.

8. The pre-disengagement device of claim 1, wherein, The first transmission assembly and the second transmission assembly each adopt a chain transmission assembly.

9. A pepper harvester comprising a header, a bridge elevator (41), an upper cleaning device (42), a frame, a lower elevator (46) and a lower cleaning device (44), characterized in that, The pre-separation device of any one of claims 1-8 is further included; The pre-separation device is arranged above the front part of the upper cleaning device (42), an upper end of a lead screw (21) of the adjusting mechanism (2) is hinged to a rack beam (20) of the rack, a middle part of the rack beam (20) is provided with an intermediate stand (29), a rear part of the pre-separation device is connected with the intermediate stand (29), the overpass elevator (41) conveys the pepper mixture picked by the cutting table to the front end of the upper cleaning device (42), the tines on the three-stage roller assembly (1) can pick up the material on the upper cleaning device (42) and separate the peppers and the pepper stems; A lower part elevator (46) is arranged below the upper cleaning device (42), a rear end of the lower part elevator (46) is provided with the lower cleaning device (44).

10. Pepper harvester according to claim 9, characterized in that A re-separation device (43) is further included, the re-separation device (43) is arranged at a middle segment of the upper cleaning device (42) and is used for secondary separation of the pepper mixture on the upper cleaning device (42).

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