Whole vehicle power supply management system of fuel cell commercial vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to a whole vehicle power supply management system of a fuel cell commercial vehicle. A high-voltage power supply management subsystem comprises a power cell high-voltage box, a whole vehicle power distribution high-voltage box and a fuel cell system. The low-voltage power supply management subsystem comprises a vehicle storage battery, a whole vehicle controller, a battery management controller, a whole vehicle power distribution controller and a fuel cell system controller; the power battery high-voltage box is controlled by a battery management controller, the whole vehicle power distribution high-voltage box is controlled by a whole vehicle power distribution controller, and the fuel battery system is controlled by a fuel battery system controller; the battery management controller, the whole vehicle power distribution controller and the fuel cell system controller are connected with the whole vehicle controller through a CAN (Controller Area Network) bus; the power supply management device can realize power supply management of the whole fuel cell vehicle under various working conditions, is simple and reliable in structure, and is suitable for integrated batch production application of the whole fuel cell vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automotive technology, and in particular to a vehicle power management system for a fuel cell commercial vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, as an important technological route for new energy vehicles, have always attracted much attention, and their application in the commercial vehicle sector is gradually being promoted. Compared with pure electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles have different technical characteristics. For example, to compensate for the insufficient instantaneous power output of hydrogen fuel cells, a small-capacity power battery is usually installed on the vehicle, making the fuel cell vehicle a dual-high-power electrical appliance. Furthermore, the auxiliary systems of the fuel cell consume significant electrical power during startup, shutdown, and purging, which cannot be met by the battery alone. Additionally, ion precipitation in the fuel cell system coolant reduces the vehicle's insulation resistance, potentially affecting the normal operation of the high-voltage circuit. Therefore, the high-voltage and low-voltage power management systems of fuel cell vehicles differ significantly from those of pure electric vehicles. To address this, this invention proposes a vehicle power management system for fuel cell commercial vehicles. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a vehicle power management system for fuel cell commercial vehicles.

[0004] This utility model is achieved using the following technical solution:

[0005] A vehicle power management system for a fuel cell commercial vehicle, comprising a low-voltage power management subsystem and a high-voltage power management subsystem;

[0006] The high-voltage power management subsystem includes a power battery high-voltage box, a vehicle power distribution high-voltage box, and a fuel cell system.

[0007] The low-voltage power management subsystem includes a vehicle battery, a vehicle controller, a battery management controller, a vehicle power distribution controller, and a fuel cell system controller.

[0008] The power battery high-voltage box is controlled by the battery management controller, the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box is controlled by the vehicle power distribution controller, and the fuel cell system is controlled by the fuel cell system controller;

[0009] The battery management controller, the vehicle power distribution controller, and the fuel cell system controller are all connected to the vehicle controller via a CAN bus.

[0010] Preferably, the low-voltage power management subsystem further includes a charging gun wake-up interface, a vehicle key switch, and a relay;

[0011] The power supply port of the vehicle controller is connected to the vehicle battery. The vehicle controller has two wake-up ports. The first wake-up port of the vehicle controller is connected to the wake-up interface of the charging gun, and the second wake-up port of the vehicle controller is connected to the vehicle key switch. The high-drive port of the vehicle controller is connected to the control port of the relay.

[0012] Preferably, the battery management controller is connected to the vehicle battery, and the battery management controller is provided with two wake-up ports. The first wake-up port of the battery management controller is connected to the wake-up interface of the charging gun, and the second wake-up port of the battery management controller is connected to the output port of the relay.

[0013] Preferably, the low-voltage power management subsystem further includes an electromagnetic power main switch;

[0014] The input port of the electromagnetic power switch is connected to the vehicle battery, and the control port of the electromagnetic power switch is connected to the output port of the relay; a diode is provided between the relay and the control port of the electromagnetic power switch.

[0015] Preferably, the low-voltage power management subsystem further includes a rocker switch;

[0016] The rocker switch is located on the dashboard when driving, and its input port is connected to the vehicle battery; the output port of the rocker switch is connected to the control port of the electromagnetic power main switch.

[0017] Preferably, the low-voltage power management subsystem further includes a maintenance switch;

[0018] The input port of the vehicle controller is connected to the maintenance switch, and the input ports of the maintenance switch, the vehicle key switch, and the relay are all connected to the output port of the electromagnetic power main switch.

[0019] Preferably, both the vehicle power distribution controller and the fuel cell system controller are connected to the rear end of the electromagnetic power main switch, and the wake-up ports of both the vehicle power distribution controller and the fuel cell system controller are connected to the relay, and the second wake-up port of the battery management controller is also connected.

[0020] Preferably, the first port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box is connected to the power battery high-voltage box, the second port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box is connected to the fuel cell system, the high-voltage input ports of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box share a common bus, and a first high-voltage power supply branch and a second high-voltage power supply branch are branched out, and a high-voltage to low-voltage converter is provided on the second high-voltage power supply branch.

[0021] Preferably, the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box is connected to the vehicle battery through the high-voltage to low-voltage converter.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] This invention, by setting up a low-voltage power management subsystem and a high-voltage power management subsystem, can realize power management under various operating conditions of fuel cell vehicles. It has a simple and reliable structure and is suitable for integrated mass production applications of fuel cell vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Vehicle battery; 2. Rocker switch; 3. Electromagnetic power main switch; 4. Maintenance switch; 5. Key switch; 6. Vehicle controller; 7. Relay; 8. Diode; 9. Charging gun wake-up interface; 10. Battery management controller; 11. Power battery high-voltage box; 12. Vehicle power distribution controller; 13. Vehicle power distribution high-voltage box; 14. Fuel cell system controller; 15. Fuel cell system. Detailed Implementation

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown: A vehicle power management system for a fuel cell commercial vehicle, including a low-voltage power management subsystem and a high-voltage power management subsystem;

[0027] The high-voltage power management subsystem includes a power battery high-voltage box 11, a vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13, and a fuel cell system 15;

[0028] The low-voltage power management subsystem includes the vehicle battery 1, the vehicle controller 6, the battery management controller 10, the vehicle power distribution controller 12, and the fuel cell system controller 14;

[0029] The high-voltage box 11 of the power battery is controlled by the battery management controller 10, the high-voltage box 13 of the vehicle power distribution is controlled by the vehicle power distribution controller 12, and the fuel cell system 15 is controlled by the fuel cell system controller 14; electronic control signal transmission can be realized.

[0030] The battery management controller 10, the vehicle power distribution controller 12, and the fuel cell system controller 14 are all connected to the vehicle controller 6 via a CAN bus, enabling information sharing and the transmission of control commands between them.

[0031] The low-voltage power management subsystem also includes a charging gun wake-up interface 9, a vehicle key switch 5, and a relay 7;

[0032] The power supply port of the vehicle controller 6 is connected to the vehicle battery 1. The vehicle controller 6 is equipped with two wake-up ports. The first wake-up port of the vehicle controller 6 is connected to the wake-up interface 9 of the charging gun, and the second wake-up port of the vehicle controller 6 is connected to the vehicle key switch 5. The high-drive port of the vehicle controller 6 is connected to the control port of the relay 7.

[0033] Furthermore, the battery management controller 10 is connected to the vehicle battery 1. The battery management controller 10 is provided with two wake-up ports. The first wake-up port of the battery management controller 10 is connected to the charging gun wake-up interface 9, and the second wake-up port of the battery management controller 10 is connected to the output port of the relay 7.

[0034] The low-voltage power management subsystem also includes the electromagnetic power main switch 3;

[0035] The input port of the electromagnetic power main switch 3 is connected to the vehicle battery 1, and the control port of the electromagnetic power main switch 3 is connected to the output port of the relay 7. A diode 8 is installed between the relay 7 and the control port of the electromagnetic power main switch 3. The diode 8 installed between the relay 7 and the electromagnetic power main switch 3 enables unidirectional conduction from the relay 7 to the electromagnetic power main switch when a high level is applied.

[0036] The low-voltage power management subsystem also includes rocker switch 2;

[0037] The rocker switch 2 is located on the dashboard when driving. The input port of the rocker switch 2 is connected to the vehicle battery 1; the output port of the rocker switch 2 is connected to the control port of the electromagnetic power main switch 3.

[0038] The low-voltage power management subsystem also includes maintenance switch 4;

[0039] The input port of the vehicle controller 6 is connected to the maintenance switch 4. The input ports of the maintenance switch 4, the vehicle key switch 5, and the relay 7 are all connected to the output port of the electromagnetic power main switch 3.

[0040] Both the vehicle power distribution controller 12 and the fuel cell system controller 14 are connected to the rear end of the electromagnetic power main switch 3. The wake-up ports of both the vehicle power distribution controller 12 and the fuel cell system controller are connected to the relay 7, and the second wake-up port of the battery management controller 10 is also connected to the relay 7.

[0041] The first port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 is connected to the power battery high-voltage box 11, and the second port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 is connected to the fuel cell system 15. The high-voltage input ports of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box share a common bus, branching into a first high-voltage power supply branch and a second high-voltage power supply branch. A high-voltage to low-voltage converter is installed on the second high-voltage power supply branch. The first high-voltage power supply branch and the second high-voltage power supply branch can be closed independently to provide high-voltage power to electrical appliances in different vehicles. The low-voltage power output through the high-voltage to low-voltage converter can be used by the low-voltage components of the vehicle.

[0042] The vehicle power distribution high voltage box 13 is connected to the vehicle battery 1 through a high voltage to low voltage converter.

[0043] As described above, a wake-up port of the vehicle controller 6 and the battery management controller 10 is connected to the wake-up interface 9 of the charging gun. When the vehicle is charging, the vehicle controller 6 and the battery management controller 10 are woken up by a high-level signal from the vehicle's charging gun wake-up interface 9. After the high-drive port of the vehicle controller 6 is powered, it further wakes up the vehicle power distribution controller 12. When the vehicle controller 6 triggers the high-voltage charging command, the low-voltage output port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 outputs 27V power, which can be used by the vehicle's electrical appliances and can also charge the vehicle battery 1, avoiding the risk of the vehicle battery being depleted.

[0044] During vehicle operation, through the dual-input port common bus design of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13, and in coordination with the vehicle controller 6 and the controllers of various high-voltage components, the management of single or dual high-voltage power supplies of the vehicle, either from a single power battery or in conjunction with the fuel cell system, can be realized, and high-voltage power can be output to different high-voltage power branches.

[0045] During vehicle power-down, if the fuel cell system requires purging, the high-drive output port of the vehicle controller 6 can maintain output and, in conjunction with other control units and its high-voltage box, continuously provide high-voltage and low-voltage operating power to the vehicle until purging is completed. When the vehicle controller 6 stops high-drive output, the vehicle power distribution controller 12 and the fuel cell system controller 14 are de-energized, and the vehicle controller 6 and the battery management controller 10 each enter low-power mode due to the lack of wake-up signal.

[0046] The different implementation processes of this utility model are as follows:

[0047] Mode 1

[0048] When the vehicle is charging, the charging gun wake-up interface 9 is energized, waking up the vehicle controller 6 and the battery management controller 10. Then, the high-drive port of the vehicle controller 6 outputs a high level to drive the relay 7 to close, thereby energizing the control port of the vehicle's electromagnetic power main switch 3. After the electromagnetic power main switch 3 closes, its downstream end is energized, and the power supply ports of the vehicle power distribution controller 12 and the fuel cell system controller 14 are energized. Since the output terminal of the relay 7 connected to the wake-up port is energized at this time, the vehicle power distribution controller 12 and the fuel cell system controller 14 begin to work. Subsequently, the vehicle controller 6 sends a high-voltage power-on command to the CAN bus, and the battery management controller 10 outputs an electrical signal to the power battery high-voltage box 11, thereby outputting high-voltage electricity to the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13. Then, the output electrical signal of the vehicle power distribution controller 12 drives the high-voltage output circuit of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 to close, and starts the power converter, so that its low-voltage output interface outputs 27V power, which can be used by various low-voltage system electrical appliances of the vehicle. At the same time, it can charge the vehicle battery 1 to prevent it from being depleted.

[0049] When charging is complete, the level of the charging gun wake-up interface 9 becomes 0, thus invalidating the wake-up signals of the vehicle controller 6 and battery management controller 10. If the second wake-up key signal of the vehicle controller 6 is also invalid at this time, the vehicle controller 6 will issue a high-voltage power-down command, causing the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 to stop working and the power battery high-voltage box 11 to disconnect the high-voltage output circuit. Then, the high-drive output port of the vehicle controller 6 stops outputting a high level, the relay 7 disconnects, and the battery management controller 10, vehicle power distribution controller 12, and fuel cell system controller 14 enter sleep mode due to the invalid electrical signal of the wake-up port. The control port electrical signal of the electromagnetic power main switch 3 is lost, stopping the power supply output, thus stopping the operation of the vehicle power distribution controller 12 and fuel cell system controller 14. The vehicle controller 6 and battery management controller 10 enter sleep mode.

[0050] Mode 2

[0051] When the vehicle is started, the driver turns on the rocker switch 2 on the dashboard, which outputs voltage at the rear end of the electromagnetic power main switch 3, energizing the power supply ports of the vehicle power distribution controller 12 and the fuel cell system controller 14. When the driver turns on the vehicle key switch 5, the vehicle controller 6 is activated, and its high-drive port outputs a high level to engage relay 7. After the relay 7 output port is energized, the battery management controller 10, the vehicle power distribution controller 12, and the fuel cell system controller 14 are activated. When the driver starts the vehicle using the vehicle key switch, the vehicle controller 6 sends a high-voltage power-on command to the CAN bus, and the battery management controller 10 outputs an electrical signal to the power battery high-voltage box 11, which in turn outputs high-voltage electricity to the first high-voltage input port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13. At this time, the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 can supply high-voltage electricity to the vehicle's high-voltage electrical appliances through its high-voltage power supply branch. After the fuel cell system 15 starts under certain conditions, it outputs high-voltage electricity to the second high-voltage input port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13. The first and second high-voltage input ports of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 are connected by a common busbar inside, and together they supply power to the high-voltage output branch. When the fuel cell system 15 stops working, it stops outputting high-voltage electricity. The high-voltage power supply is then output separately from the power battery high-voltage box to the high-voltage distribution box.

[0052] When the driver turns off the key switch 5, if the fuel cell system 15 requires purging, the vehicle controller 6 waits for the purging to complete before issuing a high-voltage power-off command. The vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 stops working, and the power battery high-voltage box 11 disconnects its high-voltage output circuit. Then, the high-drive output port of the vehicle controller 6 stops outputting a high level, the relay 7 disconnects, and the battery management controller 10, vehicle power distribution controller 12, and fuel cell system controller 14 enter sleep mode because the wake-up port's electrical signal is invalid. After the driver disconnects the rocker switch 2 on the dashboard, the control port electrical signal of the electromagnetic power main switch 3 is lost, stopping power output. The vehicle power distribution controller 12 and fuel cell system controller 14 then completely stop working. The vehicle controller 6 and battery management controller 10 then automatically enter sleep mode.

[0053] Mode 3

[0054] During vehicle maintenance, if the vehicle's insulation resistance is too low to withstand high voltage, but high voltage is still required, after turning on the vehicle key switch 5, the battery management controller 10 and the vehicle power distribution controller 12 are activated. Then, the maintenance switch 4 is closed, and the vehicle enters the high-voltage maintenance mode. The vehicle controller 6 issues a high-voltage power-on command, and the battery management controller 10 outputs an electrical signal to the power battery high-voltage box 11, which in turn outputs high-voltage electricity to the first high-voltage input port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13. At this time, the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box 13 can provide high-voltage electricity to some of the vehicle's high-voltage electrical components. After the maintenance switch 4 is turned off, the power battery high-voltage box 11 disconnects its power supply circuit and stops outputting high-voltage electricity. After the key switch 5 is turned off, the high-drive output port of the vehicle controller 6 stops outputting a high level, the relay 7 is disconnected, and the battery management controller 10, vehicle power distribution controller 12, and fuel cell system controller 14 enter sleep mode because the electrical signal from the activation port is invalid. Subsequently, the vehicle controller 6 and battery management controller 10 also enter sleep mode. After the driver disconnects the rocker switch 2 on the dashboard, the electrical signal at the control port of the electromagnetic power main switch 3 is lost, and the vehicle power distribution controller 12 and the fuel cell system controller 14 are completely de-energized and stop working.

[0055] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0056] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fuel cell commercial vehicle integrated power management system, characterized by, The low-voltage power management subsystem and the high-voltage power management subsystem are included; The high-voltage power management subsystem includes a power battery high-voltage box (11), a whole vehicle power distribution high-voltage box (13) and a fuel cell system (15); The low-voltage power management subsystem includes a vehicle storage battery (1), a whole vehicle controller (6), a battery management controller (10), a whole vehicle power distribution controller (12) and a fuel cell system controller (14); The power battery high-voltage box (11) is controlled by the battery management controller (10), the whole vehicle power distribution high-voltage box (13) is controlled by the whole vehicle power distribution controller (12), and the fuel cell system (15) is controlled by the fuel cell system controller (14); The battery management controller (10), the whole vehicle power distribution controller (12) and the fuel cell system controller (14) are connected with the whole vehicle controller (6) through a CAN bus.

2. The fuel cell bus power management system of claim 1, wherein, The low-voltage power management subsystem further includes a charging gun wake-up interface (9), a vehicle key switch (5) and a relay (7); The power supply port of the whole vehicle controller (6) is connected with the vehicle storage battery (1), two wake-up ports are arranged on the whole vehicle controller (6), the first wake-up port of the whole vehicle controller (6) is connected with the charging gun wake-up interface (9), the second wake-up port of the whole vehicle controller (6) is connected with the vehicle key switch (5), and the high drive port of the whole vehicle controller (6) is connected with the control port of the relay (7).

3. The fuel cell bus power management system of claim 2, wherein, The battery management controller (10) is connected with the vehicle storage battery (1), two wake-up ports are arranged on the battery management controller (10), the first wake-up port of the battery management controller (10) is connected with the charging gun wake-up interface (9), and the second wake-up port of the battery management controller (10) is connected with the output port of the relay (7).

4. The fuel cell bus power management system of claim 3, wherein, The low-voltage power management subsystem further includes an electromagnetic power supply master switch (3); The input port of the electromagnetic power supply master switch (3) is connected with the vehicle storage battery (1), the control port of the electromagnetic power supply master switch (3) is connected with the output port of the relay (7), and a diode (8) is arranged between the relay (7) and the control port of the electromagnetic power supply master switch (3).

5. The fuel cell bus power management system of claim 4, wherein, The low-voltage power management subsystem further includes a rocker switch (2); The rocker switch (2) is located on the instrument table during driving, the input port of the rocker switch (2) is connected with the vehicle storage battery (1), and the output port of the rocker switch (2) is connected with the control port of the electromagnetic power supply master switch (3).

6. The fuel cell bus power management system of claim 5, wherein, The low-voltage power management subsystem further includes a maintenance switch (4); The input port of the whole vehicle controller (6) is connected with the maintenance switch (4), the input ports of the maintenance switch (4), the vehicle key switch (5) and the relay (7) are all connected with the output port of the electromagnetic power supply master switch (3).

7. The fuel cell bus power management system of claim 6, wherein, The vehicle power distribution controller (12) and the fuel cell system controller (14) are connected to the rear end of the electromagnetic power switch (3), the wake-up ports of the vehicle power distribution controller (12) and the fuel cell system controller are connected with the relay (7), and the second wake-up port of the battery management controller (10) is connected.

8. The fuel cell bus power management system of claim 7, wherein, The first port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box (13) is connected with the power battery high-voltage box (11), the second port of the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box (13) is connected with the fuel cell system (15), the high-voltage input port in the vehicle power distribution high-voltage box (13) shares a common bus, and the common bus branches into a first high-voltage power supply branch and a second high-voltage power supply branch, and the second high-voltage power supply branch is provided with a high-voltage to low-voltage converter.

9. The fuel cell bus power management system of claim 8, wherein, The vehicle power distribution high-voltage box (13) is connected with the vehicle storage battery (1) through the high-voltage to low-voltage converter.

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