Automatic balancing device for slope displacement measurement and detection

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of side slope displacement measurement and detection, in particular to an automatic balancing device for side slope displacement measurement and detection, which comprises a main rod, an automatic balancing disc, an inserting arm, a central rod and an imitated root anchor, compared with a traditional tripod single-point contact mode, the tree root anchor simulating multi-point supporting structure is adopted, pressure can be effectively dispersed, the device is prevented from inclining under the soft soil or slope deformation condition, the measuring precision is improved, the automatic balance disc is adjusted in real time through the gyroscope and the driving motor, the spring rope is combined for buffering, and the measuring precision is improved. The device can still keep horizontal under strong wind or slope displacement, manual calibration requirements are reduced, the infrared laser device and the sliding table mechanism can dynamically compensate slope displacement, it is ensured that the measuring basis is stable, the device is suitable for long-term monitoring scenes, the inserting arm is telescopic and rotatable, the device adapts to different terrains, and the center rod and the balance plate provide dual horizontal calibration. And the applicability and the reliability of the device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of slope displacement measurement and detection technology, and in particular to an automatic balancing device for slope displacement measurement and detection. Background Technology

[0002] Slope displacement measurement and detection refers to the process of real-time or periodic monitoring of parameters such as displacement, direction, and velocity of slope soil and rock using professional instruments and technical means. The balancing device monitors the slope displacement in real time and automatically adjusts the equipment posture to maintain measurement accuracy, ensuring the continuity and reliability of displacement data.

[0003] Meanwhile, traditional balancing devices typically use tripods or adjustable support bases, which are usually fixed and manually calibrated. However, their stability is easily affected by ground subsidence or strong winds, making it difficult to cope with sudden slope deformation. The single-point contact between the tripod and the ground is prone to tilting under soft soil conditions, affecting the overall balance effect. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the limitations of traditional balancing devices that typically use tripods or adjustable support bases and are usually fixed and manually calibrated, which are easily affected by ground settlement or strong winds and are difficult to cope with sudden slope deformation, and whose single-point contact with the ground can easily cause tilting in soft soil conditions, this utility model provides an automatic balancing device for slope displacement measurement and detection.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows: an automatic balancing device for slope displacement measurement and detection, including a main rod, an automatic balancing disc, plug-in arms, a central rod, and simulated tree root anchors; the main rod is used to maintain central stability, the top of the main rod is connected to an automatic balancing disc that can automatically adjust the direction of balance, the outer end of the main rod is provided with several sets of plug-in arms for bottom support and stability, the end of the plug-in arm away from the main rod is fixed to a simulated tree root anchor that extends deep into the ground for distributed support, and the center of the bottom of the main rod is connected to a central rod for determining the center position support.

[0006] Furthermore, several sets of connecting discs are sleeved on the main rod from bottom to top. A protective cover is provided at the bottom center of the connecting disc, and a rubber damping rope is provided at the center of the protective cover. The end of the rubber damping rope is connected to a damper. Several sets of guide posts are arranged in a circumferential direction around the outside of the protective cover at the bottom of the connecting disc. The bottom of the guide posts is connected to a base plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the top of the automatic balancing disc is provided with several sets of mounting brackets in a circumferential manner, the top of the mounting brackets is symmetrically provided with positioning holes, the center of the mounting brackets is provided with a slot, a gyroscope connected to the main rod is provided below the automatic balancing disc, and several sets of adjustment brackets are provided in a circumferential manner near the bottom edge of the automatic balancing disc.

[0008] Furthermore, the end of the adjustment frame away from the automatic balancing disc is provided with a connecting frame connected to the main rod. A steering rod is provided between the connecting frame and the adjustment frame. The outer end of the steering rod is connected to a drive motor. The drive motor drives the steering rod to make the connecting frame and the adjustment frame swing. Several sets of spring ropes extending to the gyroscope are distributed at the bottom of the automatic balancing disc. The inside of the spring ropes is provided with a spring rubber layer.

[0009] Furthermore, a docking block is connected above the plug-in arm, a guide frame is provided between the docking block and the plug-in arm, a positioning bolt is provided between the guide frame and the docking block, a rotating rod is provided between the plug-in arm and the guide frame, and a control motor is connected to the outer end of the rotating rod. The control motor drives the rotating rod to swing the plug-in arm and the guide frame. A guide groove is provided in the middle of the plug-in arm.

[0010] Furthermore, a slide table is slidably provided on the guide groove of the plug-in arm, and a push rod is provided at one end of the slide table. A cylinder is located at the end of the push rod away from the slide table. The cylinder drives the push rod to move the slide table along the guide groove. Infrared lasers are provided on both sides of the slide table. A spring column is connected to the side end of the plug-in arm. A plug rod is provided at the center of the spring column. A damping rubber device is provided inside the spring column.

[0011] Furthermore, a pressure plate is fixed to the bottom of the center rod, and several sets of through holes are opened around the bottom of the pressure plate. An adjusting screw sleeve is provided between the center rod and the main rod, and several sets of balance plates are arranged around the middle of the pressure plate, with mercury balls on the balance plates.

[0012] Furthermore, several sets of extension anchors are distributed circumferentially around the imitation tree root anchor, and an anchor head is fixed to the end of the extension anchor away from the imitation tree root anchor.

[0013] The beneficial effects are as follows: This utility model achieves a multi-point support structure based on tree root anchors, which, compared to the traditional single-point contact method of tripods, can effectively disperse pressure and prevent the device from tilting under conditions of soft soil or slope deformation, thus improving measurement accuracy. The automatic balance disc is adjusted in real time by a gyroscope and drive motor, combined with spring rope buffering, so that the device can still remain horizontal when there is strong wind or slope displacement, reducing the need for manual calibration. The infrared laser and sliding table mechanism can dynamically compensate for slope displacement, ensuring the stability of the measurement benchmark, making it suitable for long-term monitoring scenarios. The plug-in arm is telescopic and rotatable to adapt to different terrains. The central rod and balance plate provide dual level calibration, improving the applicability and reliability of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the automatic balancing device for slope displacement measurement and detection according to this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main rod and automatic balancing disc of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the plug arm of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the plug arm of this utility model from another angle;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the central rod of this utility model.

[0019] In the attached diagram, the following are the reference numerals: 1. Main rod; 2. Automatic balancing disc; 3. Connecting arm; 4. Center rod; 5. Tree root-like anchor; 101. Connecting disc; 102. Guide column; 103. Chassis; 104. Protective cover; 105. Damper; 106. Rubber damping rope; 201. Mounting bracket; 202. Positioning hole; 203. Slot; 204. Spring rope; 205. Adjusting bracket; 206. Connecting bracket; 207. Steering rod; 208. Drive motor; 301. Connecting block; 302. Guide frame; 303. Positioning bolt; 304. Spring column; 305. Insert rod; 306. Control motor; 307. Rotating rod; 308. Guide groove; 309. Slide table; 310. Infrared laser; 311. Push rod; 312. Cylinder; 401. Pressure plate; 402. Perforation; 403. Balance plate; 404. Mercury ball; 405. Adjusting screw sleeve; 501. Extension anchor; 502. Anchor head. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Slope displacement monitoring is a core component of geological disaster early warning and engineering safety, and its technological development has evolved from manual observation to intelligent monitoring. Traditional methods mainly rely on geodetic instruments (such as total stations and levels) and simple observation stakes, calculating displacement by manually measuring changes in crack width or stake spacing periodically. While these methods are inexpensive, they suffer from data dispersion and poor timeliness, making it difficult to capture sudden slope deformations. With the introduction of technologies such as GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) and remote sensing photogrammetry, monitoring accuracy and coverage have improved, but they are still limited by fixed equipment installation and cannot dynamically adapt to the tilting of the reference surface caused by slope deformation.

[0022] Limitations of traditional monitoring technologies

[0023] The current technological system still faces the following prominent problems:

[0024] The drawbacks of manual monitoring include: reliance on periodic on-site measurements, high risk (e.g., operations on steep slopes), high cost (labor and time consumption), and data lag (inability to provide real-time early warnings).

[0025] Insufficient equipment adaptability: Fixed monitoring stations are susceptible to slope deformation, leading to benchmark failure; tripod structures exhibit poor stability in soft soil.

[0026] Significant environmental interference: meteorological factors such as strong winds and rainfall can mask the true displacement signal, and special geological conditions (such as permafrost and karst areas) exacerbate the difficulty of equipment installation.

[0027] Modern technological breakthroughs

[0028] To address these challenges, the new generation of monitoring technologies exhibits three main characteristics:

[0029] Intelligent sensing: Sub-millimeter level measurements are achieved using fiber optic sensors, MEMS gyroscopes, and other equipment, combined with AI algorithms to distinguish between environmental noise and actual displacement.

[0030] Automated networking: By leveraging BeiDou high-precision positioning and cloud computing technology, an integrated "air-ground" monitoring network is constructed, supporting 24 / 7 real-time data transmission.

[0031] Adaptive adjustment: Develop biomimetic anchoring structures and self-balancing platforms to automatically correct the benchmark within a ±15° tilt range, ensuring measurement continuity under extreme conditions.

[0032] Core technology innovation

[0033] Key technological breakthroughs in recent years include:

[0034] Multi-source sensor fusion: Integrating equipment such as vibrating wire force gauges and electrical anchor bolts to achieve synchronous acquisition of multiple parameters such as displacement, stress, and hydrology.

[0035] Non-contact measurement: Utilizing machine vision technology for two-dimensional surface displacement monitoring, avoiding the installation risks associated with contact sensors.

[0036] Early warning model optimization: A displacement prediction model based on LSTM neural network was built. A case study of a highway showed that a landslide warning can be issued 30 minutes in advance.

[0037] Industry standard requirements

[0038] According to GB 50497-2019 Technical Specification for Slope Engineering Monitoring, modern displacement monitoring systems must meet the following requirements:

[0039] Accuracy specifications: Planar displacement measurement error ≤ ±1mm, elevation error ≤ ±2mm

[0040] Environmental tolerance: Operating temperature range -40℃ to +85℃, protection rating IP6856

[0041] Data standards: Sampling frequency ≥ 1Hz, supporting data interaction with GIS / BIM systems.

[0042] Future development trends

[0043] Technological evolution will focus on the following directions:

[0044] Miniaturized devices: Developing low-power MEMS sensors to solve the power supply problem in the field.

[0045] Digital twin applications: Real-time simulation of slope conditions through 3D modeling to improve the accuracy of early warning. Universal monitoring: Promote low-cost, universal monitoring equipment to expand the coverage of geological disaster early warning.

[0046] Insufficient environmental adaptability

[0047] Extreme weather impacts: Existing equipment is prone to data drift under conditions of -40°C or heavy rainfall. The positioning error of GNSS receivers may increase to the centimeter level during rainstorms.

[0048] Geological limitations: In special geological environments such as karst areas and permafrost zones, the failure rate of traditional anchoring structures can be as high as 20%, and there is a risk of falling when inclinometer tubes are installed in deep holes of more than 30 meters.

[0049] Electromagnetic interference issues: Strong electromagnetic environments such as mining areas can cause satellite signals to lose lock, and GNSS systems need to rely on ground reference stations for compensation, increasing deployment costs.

[0050] Data acquisition and processing bottlenecks

[0051] Multi-source data fusion is challenging: there are spatiotemporal reference differences between surface GNSS displacement data and deep inclinometer data, and a unified processing standard is currently lacking.

[0052] Real-time requirements present challenges: Traditional total station measurements require manual intervention, and while automated systems can achieve 1Hz sampling, insufficient computing power in edge computing devices leads to delayed warnings.

[0053] Noise separation challenge: High-frequency noise of 10-50Hz generated by strong wind vibration (> level 8) can mask the real displacement signal, and existing filtering algorithms have a misjudgment rate of over 15%.

[0054] System integration and maintenance issues

[0055] Energy consumption is a significant problem: high-precision MEMS sensors consume up to 5W of power, which conflicts with the 24 / 7 battery life required for field monitoring.

[0056] The installation is highly complex: GNSS monitoring stations must meet stringent conditions such as a baseline distance of ≤500 meters and no obstructions, and deployment in mountainous areas takes an average of 4-6 hours.

[0057] Rising maintenance costs: The annual maintenance cost of a multi-sensor system is more than three times that of a single-point monitoring system, and it requires regular calibration by professionals.

[0058] Lagging technical standards

[0059] Lack of accuracy evaluation system: There is a lack of unified standards for accuracy verification of different monitoring methods (such as InSAR and GNSS), resulting in poor data comparability.

[0060] Vague warning thresholds: Current standards for displacement rate classification (such as blue / yellow / red warnings) do not take into account geological differences, and rock slopes and soil slopes are treated with the same standards.

[0061] Interface protocol fragmentation: There are compatibility issues between RS485 and Modbus protocols of different manufacturers' equipment, which increases the difficulty of system integration.

[0062] Obstacles to intelligent application

[0063] AI models lack generalization ability: Existing LSTM prediction models experience a 30%-50% drop in accuracy when applied across regions, requiring retraining.

[0064] The foundation of digital twins is weak: BIM models are unable to accurately reflect long-term geological processes such as freeze-thaw cycles, and the simulation error exceeds the actual displacement by 20%.

[0065] Delayed emergency response: It takes an average of 8 minutes from monitoring to the transmission of early warning information, and a closed loop of "monitoring-decision-response" has not yet been formed.

[0066] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the automatic balancing device for slope displacement measurement and detection includes a main rod 1, an automatic balancing disc 2, plug-in arms 3, a central rod 4, and a tree root-like anchor 5. The main rod 1 is used to maintain central stability. The top of the main rod 1 is connected to an automatic balancing disc 2 that can automatically adjust its direction. Several sets of plug-in arms 3 are arranged circumferentially at the outer end of the main rod 1 for bottom support and stability. The end of the plug-in arm 3 away from the main rod 1 is fixed to a tree root-like anchor 5 that provides distributed support deep underground. The center of the bottom of the main rod 1 is connected to a central rod 4 for determining the center position support.

[0067] Please see Figures 2-3 In this embodiment, a number of connecting discs 101 are sleeved on the main rod 1 from bottom to top. A protective cover 104 is provided at the bottom center of the connecting disc 101. A rubber damping rope 106 is provided at the center of the protective cover 104. A damper 105 is connected to the end of the rubber damping rope 106. A number of guide posts 102 are provided in a circumferential manner around the bottom of the connecting disc 101 and the outside of the protective cover 104. A base plate 103 is connected to the bottom of the guide posts 102. A number of mounting brackets 201 are provided in a circumferential manner on the top of the automatic balancing disc 2. Positioning holes 202 are symmetrically opened on the top of the mounting brackets 201. A slot 203 is opened in the center of the mounting brackets 201. A gyroscope connected to the main rod 1 is provided below the automatic balancing disc 2. A number of adjustment brackets 205 are provided in a circumferential manner near the edge of the bottom of the automatic balancing disc 2.

[0068] Please see Figures 3-4In this embodiment, the end of the adjustment frame 205 away from the automatic balancing disk 2 is provided with a connecting frame 206 connected to the main rod 1. A steering rod 207 is provided between the connecting frame 206 and the adjustment frame 205. The outer end of the steering rod 207 is connected to a drive motor 208. The drive motor 208 drives the steering rod 207 to make the connecting frame 206 and the adjustment frame 205 swing. Several sets of spring ropes 204 extending to the gyroscope are distributed at the bottom of the automatic balancing disk 2. The spring ropes 204 have a spring rubber layer inside. A docking block 301 is connected above the plug arm 3. A guide frame 302 is provided between the docking block 301 and the plug arm 3. A positioning bolt 303 is provided between the guide frame 302 and the docking block 301. A rotating rod 307 is provided between the plug arm 3 and the guide frame 302. The outer end of the rotating rod 307 is connected to a control motor 306. The control motor 306 drives the rotating rod 307 to make the plug arm 3 and the guide frame 302 swing. A guide groove 308 is opened in the middle of the plug arm 3.

[0069] Please see Figures 3-5 In this embodiment, a slide table 309 is slidably mounted on the guide groove 308 of the plug-in arm 3. A push rod 311 is provided at one end of the slide table 309. A cylinder 312 is located at the end of the push rod 311 away from the slide table 309. The cylinder 312 drives the push rod 311 to move the slide table 309 along the guide groove 308. Infrared lasers 310 are provided on both sides of the slide table 309. A spring post 304 is connected to the side end of the plug-in arm 3. A plug rod 305 is provided at the center of the spring post 304. The inner part of the spring post 304... The part is equipped with a damping rubber device. The bottom of the center rod 4 is fixedly connected to a pressure plate 401. The bottom of the pressure plate 401 is provided with several sets of through holes 402. An adjusting screw sleeve 405 is provided between the center rod 4 and the main rod 1. Several sets of balance plates 403 are provided in the middle of the pressure plate 401. Mercury balls 404 are provided on the balance plates 403. Several sets of extension anchors 501 are distributed in the outer periphery of the imitation tree root anchor 5. An anchor head 502 is fixedly connected to the end of the extension anchor 501 away from the imitation tree root anchor 5.

[0070] The central rod 4 at the bottom of the main rod 1 is inserted into the ground. Its bearing plate 401 detects the horizontal state through the balance plate 403 and mercury ball 404 to ensure the vertical positioning of the main rod 1. At the same time, the plug arm 3 extends outward, and the tree root-like anchor 5 at the end penetrates into the ground to form multi-point distributed support, which enhances the anti-tilting ability of the device under soft soil or slope deformation conditions. The automatic balance plate 2 monitors the tilt state of the main rod 1 in real time through the gyroscope. If a deviation is detected, the drive motor 208 drives the steering rod 207 to adjust the angle of the adjustment frame 205, so that the automatic balance plate 2 returns to the horizontal. The spring rubber layer inside the spring rope 204 provides buffering to reduce external vibration interference. The slide 309 on the plug arm 3 is driven by the cylinder 312 to move along the guide groove 308. The infrared laser 310 measures the slope displacement change and adjusts the angle of the plug arm 3 by controlling the motor 306 to ensure the stability of the measurement benchmark. The damping rubber inside the spring column 304 absorbs external impacts and prevents the device from becoming unstable due to sudden deformation of the slope. The rubber damping rope 106 and damper 105 at the bottom of the connecting plate 101 absorb vibrations. The guide column 102 cooperates with the chassis 103 to prevent the main rod 1 from shifting due to ground settlement or strong winds, thus ensuring the accuracy of the measurement data.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A device for automatically balancing the detection of slope displacement measurement, comprising a main rod (1); characterized in that: It also includes automatic balancing disc (2), plug-in arm (3), center rod (4) and imitated tree root anchor (5); the main rod (1) is used for keeping the center stable, the top of the main rod (1) is connected with the automatic balancing disc (2) which can automatically balance and adjust the direction, the outer end of the main rod (1) is provided with a plurality of groups of plug-in arms (3) for supporting and stabilizing the bottom, the end away from the main rod (1) of the plug-in arm (3) is fixedly connected with the imitated tree root anchor (5) which penetrates into the ground to disperse support, the bottom center of the main rod (1) is connected with the center rod (4) which is used for determining the center position support, a plurality of groups of connecting discs (101) are sleeved on the main rod (1) from bottom to top, the bottom center of the connecting disc (101) is provided with a protective cover (104), the center of the protective cover (104) is provided with a rubber damping rope (106), the end of the rubber damping rope (106) is connected with a damper (105), a plurality of groups of guide columns (102) are arranged around the outer part of the protective cover (104) at the bottom of the connecting disc (101), the bottom of the guide column (102) is connected with a base plate (103), the upper part of the plug-in arm (3) is connected with a butt joint block (301), a guide frame (302) is arranged between the butt joint block (301) and the plug-in arm (3), a positioning bolt (303) is arranged between the guide frame (302) and the butt joint block (301), a rotating rod (307) is arranged between the plug-in arm (3) and the guide frame (302), the outer end of the rotating rod (307) is connected with a control motor (306), the control motor (306) drives the rotating rod (307) to drive the plug-in arm (3) and the guide frame (302) to swing and operate, the middle part of the plug-in arm (3) is provided with a guide groove (308).

2. The automatic balance device for slope displacement measurement and detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the automatic balancing disc (2) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting frames (201), the top of the mounting frame (201) is symmetrically provided with a positioning hole (202), the center of the mounting frame (201) is provided with a clamping groove (203), a gyroscope connected with the main rod (1) is arranged below the automatic balancing disc (2), a plurality of groups of adjusting frames (205) are arranged around the bottom of the automatic balancing disc (2) close to the edge.

3. The automatic balance device for slope displacement measurement and detection according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end away from the automatic balancing disc (2) of the adjusting frame (205) is provided with a connecting frame (206) connected with the main rod (1), a steering rod (207) is arranged between the connecting frame (206) and the adjusting frame (205), the outer end of the steering rod (207) is connected with a driving motor (208), the driving motor (208) drives the steering rod (207) to drive the connecting frame (206) and the adjusting frame (205) to swing and operate, a plurality of groups of spring ropes (204) extending to the gyroscope are arranged at the bottom of the automatic balancing disc (2), a spring rubber layer is arranged in the spring rope (204).

4. The automatic balance device for slope displacement measurement and detection according to claim 1, wherein, The sliding table (309) is slidably arranged on the guide groove (308) of the plug-in arm (3), one end of the sliding table (309) is provided with a push rod (311), the push rod (311) is away from the end of the sliding table (309) and is provided with a cylinder (312), the cylinder (312) drives the push rod (311) to drive the sliding table (309) to displace along the guide groove (308), both sides of the sliding table (309) are provided with infrared lasers (310), the side end of the plug-in arm (3) is connected with a spring column (304), the center of the spring column (304) is provided with a plug rod (305), and the inside of the spring column (304) is provided with a damping rubber device.

5. The automatic balance device for slope displacement measurement and detection according to claim 1, wherein, The bottom of the center rod (4) is fixedly connected with a pressure bearing disc (401), a plurality of groups of perforations (402) are arranged in the bottom of the pressure bearing disc (401) in a ring shape, an adjusting sleeve (405) is arranged between the center rod (4) and the main rod (1), a plurality of groups of balance plates (403) are arranged in the middle of the pressure bearing disc (401) in a ring shape, and mercury balls (404) are arranged on the balance plates (403).

6. The automatic balance device for slope displacement measurement and detection according to claim 1, wherein, The periphery of the tree root imitating anchor (5) is arranged with a plurality of groups of extension anchors (501) in a ring shape, and the extension anchors (501) are fixedly connected with anchor heads (502) away from the tree root imitating anchor (5).

Images