Ventilation explosion venting structure and energy storage system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and provides a ventilation explosion venting structure and an energy storage system.The energy storage system comprises an electrical cabin, a battery cabin and a ventilation explosion venting structure, the battery cabin and the ventilation explosion venting structure are arranged below the electrical cabin, an air inlet is formed in the front side of the electrical cabin, and the ventilation explosion venting structure comprises a ventilation explosion venting channel and a movable top cover; a first opening of the ventilation explosion venting channel is formed in the top of the electrical cabin, a second opening of the ventilation explosion venting channel is communicated with the electrical cabin, and a third opening of the ventilation explosion venting channel is communicated with the battery cabin; the movable top cover is arranged outside the electrical cabin and located above the first opening, one side of the movable top cover is movably connected with the electrical cabin, and an air outlet is formed in the side face of the movable top cover. According to the utility model, a front-in and top-out heat dissipation mode is realized, the application range of an energy storage system is enlarged, and the construction area of an energy storage station can be reduced; a fire fighting access for external intervention of the battery compartment is formed, external fire fighting intervention is facilitated, the safety of the energy storage system is improved, and fire control is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of energy storage system technology, specifically to a ventilation and explosion relief structure and an energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, conventional energy storage systems generally adopt a front-to-back ventilation and cooling method, which allows air to pass through the electrical compartment of the energy storage system and carry away excess heat.

[0003] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram of a conventional energy storage system is shown, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the energy storage system includes an electrical compartment 1' and a battery compartment 2' located below the electrical compartment 1'. The electrical compartment 1' has an air inlet 11' on its front side and an air outlet 12' on its rear side, enabling a front-to-rear ventilation pattern. The liquid cooling unit 13' inside the electrical compartment 1' and the battery pack 21' or battery cluster inside the battery compartment 2' can be designed as approximately flat boxes, allowing each component to be placed on a separate layer, thus saving space for the energy storage system. Generally, the space in front of the electrical compartment 1' can be used for maintenance, and the rear of the electrical compartment 1' also needs to reserve extra heat dissipation area, resulting in larger open spaces at the front and rear of the cabinet. This places high demands on the installation area and easily leads to wasted space. Because the battery compartment 2' is enclosed, after the internal fire extinguishing medium is used up, external firefighting methods have difficulty entering the battery compartment, making fire suppression difficult in the event of thermal runaway, posing a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a ventilation and explosion relief structure and an energy storage system, which realizes a forward and upward heat dissipation method, increases the applicability of the energy storage system, and can reduce the construction area of ​​the energy storage site; the connection between the first opening and the third opening forms a fire passage for external intervention of the battery compartment, which is conducive to external fire intervention, improves the safety of the energy storage system, and facilitates fire control.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A ventilation and explosion venting structure is disclosed for ventilation and explosion venting of an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes an electrical compartment and a battery compartment disposed below the electrical compartment. An air inlet is provided on the front side of the electrical compartment. The ventilation and explosion venting structure includes: a ventilation and explosion venting channel, a first opening of which is disposed on the top of the electrical compartment, a second opening of which communicates with the electrical compartment, and a third opening of which communicates with the battery compartment; and a movable top cover, which is disposed outside the electrical compartment and above the first opening, one side of which is movably connected to the electrical compartment, and an air outlet is provided on the side of which the movable top cover is located.

[0007] In addition, the ventilation and explosion relief structure proposed in this utility model may also have the following additional technical features:

[0008] According to one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes an explosion venting baffle, which is movably disposed on the second opening. The size of the explosion venting baffle is larger than that of the second opening, so that the second opening is closed when the explosion venting baffle is opened.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a cooling fan is installed on the first opening.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an inverter is provided inside the electrical compartment, and the inverter is located on one side of the second opening.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a liquid cooling unit is provided inside the electrical compartment, and the heat dissipation vent of the liquid cooling unit is located below the movable top cover.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a protective component is provided on the first opening.

[0013] Specifically, the protective components include insect nets or filter cotton.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the air outlet is provided with louvers.

[0015] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this utility model also proposes an energy storage system.

[0016] An energy storage system includes the ventilation and explosion relief structure described above.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] This utility model's ventilation and explosion venting structure places the first opening of the ventilation and explosion venting channel at the top of the electrical compartment, allowing the channel to connect to the compartment via a second opening. This achieves a forward-facing, upward-exit heat dissipation method, eliminating the need for additional heat dissipation areas at the back of the energy storage system during installation. This expands the applicability of the energy storage system and enables multiple systems to be installed side-by-side or back-to-back, reducing the construction area of ​​energy storage sites. The third opening connects the ventilation and explosion venting channel to the battery compartment. In the event of battery explosion or excessive pressure inside the battery compartment, the ventilation and explosion venting channel used for heat dissipation can be converted into an explosion venting pipe, allowing flames and combustible gases to exit through an open, movable top cover. The connection between the first and third openings also forms a fire-fighting channel for external intervention in the battery compartment, facilitating external fire intervention, improving the safety of the energy storage system, and simplifying fire control. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a conventional energy storage system;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the ventilation and explosion relief channel when the energy storage system is operating normally;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of airflow within the electrical compartment when the energy storage system is operating normally.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a ventilation and explosion relief channel for an energy storage system when pressure and explosion relief are required. Some sheet metal structures of the ventilation and explosion relief channel are omitted.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the open state of the movable top cover.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] 1. Electrical compartment; 11. Inverter; 12. Liquid-cooled unit; 121. Heat sink; 2. Battery compartment; 21. Fire extinguishing interface; 3. Air inlet; 4. Ventilation and explosion relief passage; 41. First opening; 42. Second opening; 43. Third opening; 44. Cooling fan; 5. Movable top cover; 51. Air outlet; 52. Louver; 6. Explosion relief partition; 1'. Electrical compartment; 11'. Air inlet; 12'. Air outlet; 13'. Liquid-cooled unit; 2'. Battery compartment; 21'. Battery pack. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, the ventilation and explosion relief structure of this utility model embodiment is used for ventilation and explosion relief of an energy storage system. The energy storage system includes an electrical compartment 1 and a battery compartment 2 located below the electrical compartment 1. An air inlet 3 is provided on the front side of the electrical compartment 1. The ventilation and explosion relief structure includes a ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 and a movable top cover 5. The first opening 41 of the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 is located on the top of the electrical compartment 1, the second opening 42 of the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 communicates with the electrical compartment 1, and the third opening 43 of the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 communicates with the battery compartment 2. The movable top cover 5 is located outside the electrical compartment 1 and above the first opening 41. One side of the movable top cover 5 is movably connected to the electrical compartment 1, for example, by a hinge or other movable connecting parts, so that the movable top cover 5 can be opened around the movable connection. An air outlet 51 is provided on the side of the movable top cover 5. The ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 can be a one-piece sheet metal part, or it can be made of other methods and materials according to actual needs. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0029] It is understood that in this embodiment, the ventilation and explosion relief structure places the first opening 41 of the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 at the top of the electrical compartment 1, allowing the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 to communicate with the electrical compartment 1 through the second opening 42. This enables cooler external air to enter from the air inlet 3 at the front of the electrical compartment 1 to dissipate heat from the components inside the electrical compartment, and then exit from the top of the electrical compartment 1 through the second opening 42 and the first opening 41 in sequence, achieving a forward and upward heat dissipation method. This eliminates the need to reserve a heat dissipation area at the back of the energy storage system during installation, allowing the energy storage system to be placed in areas with limited space, such as around walls, flower beds, and fences, increasing the adaptability of the energy storage system. The system's application range allows for the installation of multiple energy storage systems side-by-side or back-to-back, reducing the construction area of ​​energy storage sites. The ventilation and explosion venting channel 4 is connected to the battery compartment 2 via the third opening 43. In the event of a battery explosion or excessive pressure inside the battery compartment 2, the height difference between the battery compartment 2 and the electrical compartment 1 allows the ventilation and explosion venting channel 4, used for heat dissipation, to be converted into an explosion venting pipe, allowing flames and combustible gases to be output through the open, movable top cover 5. The connection between the first opening 41 and the third opening 43 also forms a fire-fighting channel for external intervention in the battery compartment 2. Water or other fire-fighting media can be injected from the top to facilitate external intervention, improving the safety of the energy storage system and facilitating fire control.

[0030] To prevent combustible high-temperature gas from entering the electrical compartment 1 through the second opening 42 of the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 during the pressure relief and explosion relief process, which could damage the components inside the electrical compartment 1, the ventilation and explosion relief structure may also include an explosion relief baffle 6. The explosion relief baffle 6 is movably mounted on the second opening 42, and the size of the explosion relief baffle 6 is larger than the second opening 42 so that the second opening 42 is closed when the explosion relief baffle 6 is opened.

[0031] like Figure 3 and 4As shown, when the energy storage system is working normally, the explosion relief baffle 6 is in the first state, and the second opening 42 is connected to the first opening 41 so that air can enter from the air inlet 3 on the front side of the electrical compartment 1 and exit from the top of the electrical compartment 1 through the second opening 42 and the first opening 41 in sequence, so as to realize the heat dissipation function of the ventilation explosion relief channel 4.

[0032] like Figure 5 and 6 As shown, when pressure relief and explosion relief are required, the primary function of the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 is to evacuate the flammable and high-temperature gas in the battery compartment 2. The explosion relief baffle 6 installed on the second opening 42 can be pushed open by the pressure inside the battery compartment 2 or actively opened by the electrical mechanism, thus entering the second state. At the same time, the top cover 5 is also actively or passively opened completely backward, allowing the gas in the battery compartment 2 to be quickly discharged through the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4. It can also isolate other components in the electrical compartment 1 from the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4, so that the electrical compartment 1 and the battery compartment 2 are isolated from each other, protecting the components in the electrical compartment 1 and reducing losses.

[0033] In some other embodiments of this utility model, a separate explosion-proof mechanism, such as an explosion relief door, may also be provided in the electrical compartment 1. This embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0034] like Figure 2 and 4 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, a cooling fan 44 is installed on the first opening 41 to further enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4.

[0035] In one embodiment of this utility model, an inverter 11 is installed inside the electrical compartment 1. The inverter 11 is located on one side of the second opening 42, allowing hot air inside the inverter 11 to enter the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 through the second opening 42, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the inverter 11. Since most of the cooling fans built into the inverter 11 have relatively low airflow and long cooling ducts, installing a cooling fan 44 on the first opening 41 can improve the heat dissipation capacity of the inverter 11 and accelerate the internal heat exchange efficiency.

[0036] In one embodiment of this utility model, a liquid-cooled unit 12 is installed inside the electrical compartment 1, and the heat dissipation port 121 of the liquid-cooled unit 12 is located below the movable top cover 5. Specifically, the liquid-cooled unit 12 can be a unit with a front-to-top ventilation method, with a hole in the sheet metal above the fan of the unit, which is connected to the ventilation duct at the top, so that the heat dissipation port 121 of the liquid-cooled unit 12 is located below the movable top cover 5, which is beneficial to the direct exhaust heat dissipation of the centrifugal fan of the liquid-cooled unit 12. Since the heat dissipation port 121 of the liquid-cooled unit 12 is directly located below the movable top cover 5, it does not need to share the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4 with the inverter 11 for heat dissipation, so that the heat dissipation channels of the liquid-cooled unit 12 and the inverter 11 are independent (e.g., Figure 4As shown in the diagram, this design avoids the superposition of heat between the two devices, preventing "thermal short circuits" and maximizing their respective heat dissipation efficiency. It also prevents a malfunction in one device from affecting the normal operation of the other, thus enhancing system stability. Figure 4 The black arrows in the diagram represent the direction of air flow through the heat dissipation channel of inverter 11, while the white arrows represent the direction of air flow through the heat dissipation channel of liquid-cooled unit 12.

[0037] In one embodiment of this invention, a protective component is provided on the first opening 41 to prevent small insects or dust from entering the energy storage system through the ventilation and explosion relief channel 4, thereby enhancing the protective capability. Specifically, the protective component may include an insect-proof net or filter cotton.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, a louver 52 is provided on the air outlet 51. When the energy storage system stops working, the louver 52 is closed to prevent water and dust from entering the energy storage system. When the energy storage system is working normally, the louver 52 is opened so that the inverter 11 and the liquid cooling unit 12 can output heat from the air outlet 51 through the louver 52.

[0039] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this utility model also proposes an energy storage system.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage system of this utility model embodiment includes an electrical compartment 1, a battery compartment 2 disposed below the electrical compartment 1, and a ventilation and explosion relief structure as described above.

[0041] The energy storage system according to the present invention, having included the above-described ventilation and explosion relief structure, also possesses the aforementioned beneficial effects.

[0042] In one embodiment of this utility model, the battery compartment 2 is provided with a fire-fighting interface 21, which is used to connect to an external fire-fighting pipeline. When a fire or other thermal runaway occurs in the energy storage system, the external fire-fighting pipeline can supply cooling medium to the battery packs and battery clusters in the battery compartment 2 through the fire-fighting interface 21 to carry out fire-fighting measures such as water immersion and fire-fighting medium spraying.

[0043] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "linking", "fixing" and other such terms should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components.

[0045] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

Claims

1. A ventilation and explosion venting structure for ventilation and explosion venting of an energy storage system, the energy storage system comprising an electrical compartment (1) and a battery compartment (2) disposed below the electrical compartment (1), wherein an air inlet (3) is provided on the front side of the electrical compartment (1), characterized in that, The ventilation and explosion relief structure includes: Ventilation and explosion relief channel (4), the first opening (41) of the ventilation and explosion relief channel is located at the top of the electrical compartment (1), the second opening (42) of the ventilation and explosion relief channel (4) is connected to the electrical compartment (1), and the third opening (43) of the ventilation and explosion relief channel (4) is connected to the battery compartment (2); The movable top cover (5) is located outside the electrical compartment (1) and above the first opening (41). One side of the movable top cover (5) is movably connected to the electrical compartment (1), and an air outlet (51) is provided on the side of the movable top cover (5).

2. The ventilation and explosion relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an explosion relief baffle (6), which is movably disposed on the second opening (42). The size of the explosion relief baffle (6) is larger than that of the second opening (42) so that the second opening (42) is closed when the explosion relief baffle (6) is opened.

3. The ventilation and explosion relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cooling fan (44) is installed on the first opening (41).

4. The ventilation and explosion relief structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, An inverter (11) is installed inside the electrical compartment (1), and the inverter (11) is located on one side of the second opening (42).

5. The ventilation and explosion relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical compartment (1) is equipped with a liquid cooling unit (12), and the heat dissipation port (121) of the liquid cooling unit (12) is located below the movable top cover (5).

6. The ventilation and explosion relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective component is provided on the first opening (41).

7. The ventilation and explosion relief structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The protective components include insect-proof netting or filter cotton.

8. The ventilation and explosion relief structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air outlet (51) is provided with louvers (52).

9. An energy storage system, characterized in that, include: The electrical compartment (1), the battery compartment (2) disposed below the electrical compartment (1), and the ventilation and explosion relief structure as described in any one of claims 1-8 above.

10. The energy storage system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The battery compartment (2) is provided with a fire-fighting interface (21), which is used to connect to an external fire-fighting pipeline.

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