Power supply main control board and power supply system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power supply main control board and a power supply management system, which relate to the technical field of power supply control, and comprise a main control MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit), a battery monitoring circuit, a state detection circuit and a multi-fan control circuit, the battery monitoring circuit comprises a plurality of ADC input lines and a plurality of capacitors, an external signal source is connected with ADC pins of the main control MCU through the ADC input lines, and external signals correspond to different ADC channels respectively; the state detection circuit comprises a battery compartment door detection sub-circuit, the battery compartment door detection sub-circuit comprises a plurality of keys, a connector and a first resistor, and the other end of the battery compartment door detection sub-circuit is sequentially connected with the corresponding keys and the first resistor and then is connected to the corresponding pins of the main control MCU in a collinear mode. The multi-fan control circuit controls the conduction and cut-off degree of a field effect transistor through pulse width modulation (PWM) signals input by a FanPWM pin, and then the voltage at the two ends of the fan is adjusted, so that precise battery monitoring, reliable state detection and intelligent heat dissipation control of the outdoor mobile power supply are achieved, and the safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power control technology, and in particular to a power control board and a power system. Background Technology

[0002] With outdoor sports becoming increasingly popular and emergency scenarios such as natural disasters and sudden power outages occurring frequently, outdoor portable power banks have become an important piece of equipment for people's outdoor activities and emergency response due to their portability and power supply function.

[0003] From a technological development perspective, advancements in lithium battery technology have provided strong support for the development of portable power banks, increasing energy density and reducing costs, making them more practical and widely available. However, current portable power banks on the market still have many issues regarding power management and safety.

[0004] In terms of power management, most products struggle to accurately and comprehensively monitor battery status. For example, monitoring of key parameters such as USB port voltage and current, as well as battery voltage and temperature, is not timely or accurate enough. This not only affects device performance but may also shorten battery life. Furthermore, inadequate power filtering and poor power stability can damage connected devices.

[0005] In terms of status detection, some outdoor power banks cannot effectively detect the opening and closing status of the battery compartment door and user button operations, resulting in untimely operation feedback and affecting user experience. Moreover, when using removable battery packs, the safety of battery insertion and removal and the prevention of battery misuse urgently need to be addressed. Improper handling can easily lead to issues such as sparking, battery damage, and interface aging.

[0006] Regarding the cooling system, traditional outdoor power banks lack intelligent fan control, failing to flexibly and independently adjust fan speed based on actual conditions such as battery and inverter temperatures. This can lead to insufficient or excessive heat dissipation, affecting device stability and lifespan, and increasing energy consumption. Furthermore, in terms of interactive prompts, most outdoor power banks lack effective audio prompts and clear status indicators, making it difficult for users to intuitively and accurately understand the device's operating status.

[0007] Therefore, designing a main control board for an outdoor power bank that features accurate battery monitoring, reliable status detection, intelligent heat dissipation control, effective interactive prompts, and high safety is of great significance for improving the overall performance and user experience of outdoor power banks. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a power control board and power system that enables accurate battery monitoring, reliable status detection, intelligent heat dissipation control, effective interactive prompts, and improved safety for outdoor portable power banks.

[0009] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0010] In a first aspect, this application provides a power supply main control board, including a main control MCU, a battery monitoring circuit, a status detection circuit, and a multi-fan control circuit;

[0011] The battery monitoring circuit includes multiple ADC input lines and multiple capacitors. External signal sources are connected to the ADC pins of the main control MCU through multiple ADC input lines. Each external signal corresponds to a different ADC channel, realizing independent input. Multiple capacitors are connected in parallel, with one end grounded and the other end connected to each ADC input line.

[0012] The status detection circuit includes a battery compartment door detection sub-circuit, which includes multiple buttons, connectors, and a first resistor; each connector is grounded at one end, and the other end is connected to the corresponding button and the first resistor in sequence, and then connected to the corresponding pin of the main control MCU through a common line.

[0013] The multi-fan control circuit includes: the Fan_PWM pin of the main control MCU is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor via a second resistor, the source of the field-effect transistor is grounded, and the drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to a pin of the fan connector; one end of the third resistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and the other end is grounded; a diode is connected in series between the positive terminal of the DC power supply and the fan connector; the start, stop and speed of multiple fans are independently controlled by the PWM signal.

[0014] Preferably, the external signal source includes the voltage, current, battery voltage, and temperature of the USB port.

[0015] Preferably, the battery monitoring circuit further includes a battery voltage monitoring sub-circuit and a temperature monitoring sub-circuit;

[0016] The battery voltage monitoring sub-circuit divides the voltage through the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the middle node between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor is connected to the ADC pin of the main control MCU.

[0017] The temperature monitoring sub-circuit uses a voltage divider between the sixth and seventh resistors. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the intermediate node between the sixth and seventh resistors is connected to the corresponding ADC pin of the main control MCU.

[0018] Preferably, the seventh resistor is a thermistor.

[0019] Preferably, the power supply main control board further includes a buzzer control circuit, comprising a power input section and a control section;

[0020] The power supply is connected to the first pin of the buzzer through the eighth resistor;

[0021] The control section includes a field-effect transistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and a diode;

[0022] The Buzzer_PWM pin of the main control MCU is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor via the ninth resistor; the source of the field-effect transistor is grounded and the drain is connected to the second pin of the buzzer; one end of the tenth resistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor and the other end is grounded; the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the power supply terminal and the positive terminal is connected to the second pin of the buzzer.

[0023] Preferably, the power supply main control board further includes a power supply filtering circuit, comprising multiple filter capacitors connected in parallel between the power supply and ground.

[0024] Preferably, the status detection circuit further includes a key detection sub-circuit, which includes multiple keys, each key forming an independent circuit. One end of each key is grounded, and the other end is connected to the power supply through an eleventh resistor and then connected to the main control MCU.

[0025] Preferably, the power supply main control board further includes an indicator light circuit, which includes multiple indicator lights. Each indicator light independently constitutes a circuit. One end of each indicator light is connected to the main control MCU through a twelfth resistor, and the other end is connected to ground.

[0026] Preferably, the main control MCU communicates with the host computer via a serial interface.

[0027] Secondly, this application provides a power supply system, including any of the power supply main control boards described in this application.

[0028] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model include at least the following: The battery monitoring circuit, utilizing multiple ADC input lines, can independently and accurately transmit external signal sources such as USB port voltage, current, battery voltage, and temperature to different ADC channels of the main control MCU. The main control MCU can acquire and analyze these key parameters in real time, thus providing strong data support for efficient power management and safe use. The battery voltage monitoring subcircuit and temperature monitoring subcircuit further enhance the accuracy of monitoring. The battery voltage monitoring subcircuit, through resistor voltage division, can accurately measure the battery voltage, helping users understand the battery's charge status in a timely manner; the temperature monitoring subcircuit utilizes the sensitivity of a thermistor to temperature changes to provide real-time feedback on battery temperature, effectively preventing battery damage due to overheating and extending battery life. The battery compartment door detection subcircuit can detect the opening and closing status of the battery compartment door in real time. When the door is opened or closed, the corresponding signal is promptly transmitted to the main control MCU, allowing the system to make corresponding adjustments, such as pausing charging or discharging operations when the door is open, ensuring safe use. Each button in the button detection subcircuit operates independently; when the user presses a button, the signal is quickly and accurately transmitted to the main control MCU. This allows users to easily perform various operations, such as switching the power supply on and off and changing output modes, with timely feedback, enhancing the user experience. The multi-fan control circuit uses PWM signals to independently control the start, stop, and speed of multiple fans. The main control MCU can dynamically adjust the fan operation based on real-time monitored parameters such as battery temperature and inverter temperature. It increases fan speed at high temperatures to enhance heat dissipation; and reduces speed or stops operation at lower temperatures to save energy and reduce noise. Intelligent heat dissipation control helps maintain the stable operating temperature of the power bank's internal electronic components, preventing damage from overheating and improving the power supply's reliability and stability. Multiple indicator lights in the indicator circuit clearly display various operating states of the power bank, such as charging, discharging, and battery level. Users can quickly understand the power supply's operating status simply by observing the indicator lights, without complicated operations.

[0029] The main control MCU communicates with the host via a serial interface, facilitating data interaction and integration with other devices; this allows outdoor portable power banks to better integrate into various application scenarios and achieve more advanced functional expansion and intelligent control. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power supply main control board structure according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main control MCU structure and connection of a first part according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the main control MCU structure and connection of a second part according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detection circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of one circuit structure in the multi-fan control circuit of this utility model embodiment;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery voltage monitoring sub-circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature monitoring sub-circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the buzzer control circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the indicator light circuit structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted.

[0040] It should be noted that the embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, this application covers any alternatives, modifications, equivalent methods and solutions made within the spirit, principles and scope of this application as defined by the claims. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] In the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and similar words do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms "a" or "one," and similar words, do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms "comprising" or "including," and similar words, mean that the elements or objects preceding "comprising" or "including" encompass the elements or objects listed following "comprising" or "including," and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. The terms "connected" or "linked," and similar words, are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0042] The terms used to describe position and direction in this utility model are illustrated with the accompanying drawings, but changes can be made as needed, and all such changes are included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0043] Example 1: This example provides a power supply main control board, including a main control MCU, a battery monitoring circuit, a status detection circuit, and a multi-fan control circuit;

[0044] The battery monitoring circuit includes multiple ADC input lines and multiple capacitors. External signal sources are connected to the ADC pins of the main control MCU via multiple ADC input lines. Each external signal corresponds to a different ADC channel, enabling independent input. Multiple capacitors are connected in parallel, with one end grounded and the other end connected to each ADC input line. The external signal sources include the voltage, current, battery voltage, and temperature of the USB port.

[0045] The status detection circuit includes a battery compartment door detection sub-circuit, which includes multiple buttons, connectors, and a first resistor; each connector is grounded at one end, and the other end is connected to the corresponding button and the first resistor in sequence, and then connected to the corresponding pin of the main control MCU through a common line.

[0046] The multi-fan control circuit includes: the Fan_PWM pin of the main control MCU is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor via a second resistor, the source of the field-effect transistor is grounded, and the drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to a pin of the fan connector; one end of the third resistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor, and the other end is grounded; a diode is connected in series between the positive terminal of the DC power supply and the fan connector; the start, stop and speed of multiple fans are independently controlled by the PWM signal.

[0047] The battery monitoring circuit works as follows: Multiple ADC input lines connect to external signal sources that need monitoring, such as USB port-related lines, converging at the MCU's ADC pins (e.g., PC0 / ADC1_IN6, PA0 / ADC1_IN1, etc.). Multiple signals starting with "ADC_" (e.g., "ADCUSBC3V", "ADC5VUSBAI1", etc.) are used to acquire analog quantities such as voltage and current from the USB port, inputting them to the ADC module of the MCU (microcontroller unit) to monitor relevant parameters. The "VREF+" and "VREF-" pins provide a reference voltage for the ADC. Capacitor C36 (10nF / 50V) is connected between VREF+ and ground to stabilize the reference voltage and ensure the accuracy of ADC conversion. Numerous capacitors (e.g., C37-C48, C122, etc.) form a filter network to filter the power supply, remove power supply noise, and provide a stable 3.3V power supply to the ADC module and other circuits.

[0048] The battery compartment door detection sub-circuit works as follows: The battery compartment door detection circuit (K7-K10) detects the open / closed state of the battery compartment door, providing the system with information on whether the door is properly closed, thereby indirectly monitoring whether the battery is in a suitable operating state. It consists of multiple connectors (CON2-CON5), buttons (K7-K10), and a first resistor (4.7KΩ). The connectors are used for external connections, the buttons are used to detect the door status, and the resistors limit current and set different state parameters. One end of each connector (CON2-CON5) is grounded, and the other end is connected to the corresponding button (K7-K10). The button is then connected to the corresponding first resistor, and finally, these first resistors are connected to a common line, which is connected to the main control chip (MCU) for signal detection.

[0049] The working principle of the multi-fan control circuit is as follows:

[0050] In this embodiment, two fans are used. The pulse width modulation (PWM) signal input via the "Fan_PWM" pin controls the conduction and cutoff of the MOSFET Q10, thereby adjusting the voltage across the fan and controlling its speed. Diode D3 is a 1N4148, providing freewheeling protection. When Q10 changes from conducting to cutoff, the fan, as an inductive load, generates a back electromotive force (EMF). D3 provides a discharge path for this back EMF, preventing it from damaging Q10 or other circuit components.

[0051] The circuit consists of a field-effect transistor (FET) Q10 (model 3400), a second resistor R88 (1.2KΩ), and a third resistor R91 (10KΩ). The "Fan_PWM" signal is connected to the gate of the FET Q10 through resistor R88. One end of R91 is connected to the gate of the FET Q10, and the other end is grounded. The fan, as a load, is connected between the source of Q10 and ground through a CN6 (PH2.0mm*2P vertical mount) connector. A capacitor C52 (100nF / 50V) is connected in parallel with the fan to filter and stabilize the voltage.

[0052] The specific connections are as follows: The +12V_FAN power supply is connected to the anode of diode D3 and the drain of MOSFET Q10 to power the fan. The "Fan_PWM" signal is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q10 via resistor R88; the source of MOSFET Q10 is grounded and connected to both the fan and one end of capacitor C52; one end of resistor R91 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q10, and the other end is grounded. The cathode of diode D3 is connected to the +12V_FAN power supply, and the anode is connected to the drain of MOSFET Q10, forming a protection loop with the fan and power supply. The fan is connected via CN6 interface, with one end connected to the source of Q10 and the other end grounded; capacitor C52 is connected in parallel with the fan.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the battery monitoring circuit further includes a battery voltage monitoring sub-circuit and a temperature monitoring sub-circuit;

[0054] The battery voltage monitoring sub-circuit divides the voltage through the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the middle node between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor is connected to the ADC pin of the main control MCU.

[0055] The temperature monitoring sub-circuit uses a voltage divider between the sixth and seventh resistors. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the midpoint between the sixth and seventh resistors is connected to the corresponding ADC pin of the main control MCU. The seventh resistor is a thermistor.

[0056] The working principle of the battery voltage monitoring sub-circuit is as follows:

[0057] A voltage divider circuit consists of a fourth resistor R89 ​​(2MΩ, 1% accuracy) and a fifth resistor R92 (49.9KΩ, 1% accuracy). The battery positive terminal (BAT+) is connected to R89. The intermediate node between R89 and R92 outputs the "ADC_BAT_V" signal. The "ADC_BAT_V" signal is connected to the ADC pin of the MCU. The other end of R92 is grounded, and BAT+ is connected to the battery positive terminal. Through the voltage divider principle, the high voltage of the battery is converted to a voltage range suitable for the input of the MCU's (microcontroller unit) ADC (analog-to-digital converter) to detect the battery voltage for functions such as monitoring battery level and overvoltage protection.

[0058] The working principle of the temperature monitoring sub-circuit is as follows:

[0059] Utilizing the temperature-dependent resistance of the seventh resistor (thermistor RT1), a voltage divider is formed with the sixth resistor R90 to generate a temperature-dependent voltage signal "ADC_NTC". This signal is input to the MCU's ADC pin for temperature detection, and can be used for over-temperature protection, temperature compensation, etc. The voltage divider circuit consists of resistor R90 (1MΩ, 1% accuracy) and thermistor RT1 (B4250, 100KΩ, 1% accuracy). A 3.3V power supply is connected to R90, and the "ADC_NTC" signal is output from the midpoint between R90 and RT1. The "ADC_NTC" signal is connected to the MCU's ADC pin, the other end of RT1 is grounded, and R90 is connected to the 3.3V power supply.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the power supply main control board further includes a buzzer control circuit, comprising a power input section and a control section;

[0061] The power supply is connected to the first pin of the buzzer through the eighth resistor;

[0062] The control section includes a field-effect transistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and a diode;

[0063] The Buzzer_PWM pin of the main control MCU is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor via the ninth resistor; the source of the field-effect transistor is grounded and the drain is connected to the second pin of the buzzer; one end of the tenth resistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor and the other end is grounded; the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the power supply terminal and the positive terminal is connected to the second pin of the buzzer.

[0064] In one possible implementation, the power control board further includes a power filtering circuit, comprising multiple filter capacitors connected in parallel between the power supply and ground.

[0065] In one possible implementation, the state detection circuit further includes a key detection sub-circuit, which includes multiple keys, each key forming an independent circuit. Each key has one end grounded and the other end connected to the power supply through an eleventh resistor, and then connected to the main control MCU.

[0066] In one possible implementation, the power supply main control board also includes an indicator light circuit, which includes multiple indicator lights. Each indicator light independently constitutes a circuit, with one end of each indicator light connected to the main control MCU through a twelfth resistor and the other end connected to ground.

[0067] In one possible implementation, the main control MCU communicates with the host via a serial interface.

[0068] The working principle of the buzzer control circuit is as follows:

[0069] Power input section: A 3.3V power supply is connected to pin 1 of the buzzer 1 via an eighth resistor R93 (10R) to provide operating power to the buzzer.

[0070] The control section consists of a field-effect transistor Q11 (model 3400), a ninth resistor R94 (1.2KΩ), a tenth resistor R95 (10KΩ), and a diode D4 (1N4148).

[0071] The sound control is achieved by inputting a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal via the "Buzzer_PWM" pin, which controls the on / off state of the MOSFET Q11. When "Buzzer_PWM" is high, the MOSFET is on, and the 3.3V power supply powers the buzzer, causing it to sound. When "Buzzer_PWM" is low, the MOSFET is off, and the buzzer stops working. By adjusting the frequency and duty cycle of the PWM signal, the buzzer can be controlled to emit sounds of different pitches and loudnesses for functions such as prompts and alarms. Diode D4 provides freewheeling protection. When the MOSFET changes from on to off, the buzzer, as an inductive load, generates a back electromotive force (EMF). Diode D4 provides a discharge path for this back EMF, preventing it from damaging the MOSFET or other circuit components.

[0072] A 3.3V power supply is connected to the first pin (pin 1) of the buzzer 1 via the eighth resistor R93 to provide it with power.

[0073] The “Buzzer_PWM” signal is connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q11 via the ninth resistor R94; the source of MOSFET Q11 is grounded, and the drain is connected to the second pin (pin 2) of the buzzer Buzzer1; one end of the tenth resistor R95 is connected to the gate of MOSFET Q11, and the other end is grounded to stabilize the gate voltage. The cathode of diode D4 is connected to the 3.3V power supply terminal (i.e., buzzer pin 1), and the anode is connected to buzzer pin 2.

[0074] The working principle of the power supply filter circuit is as follows:

[0075] The main function of a power supply filter circuit is to filter high-frequency and low-frequency noise in the power supply, providing a stable and clean power supply for the circuit.

[0076] In terms of circuit structure, five capacitors (C53-C57) are connected in parallel between the 3.3V power supply and ground.

[0077] The button detection sub-circuit works as follows: Multiple buttons (K2-K6, K11, etc.) can be used to detect user button operations, such as power switching and function selection. For example, K2 might be used to control LED-related functions, and K3 might be used for DC power supply-related operations. Each button (K2-K6, K11) is connected in series with an eleventh resistor (4.7KΩ resistor) and then connected to a 3.3V power supply. The other end of each button is grounded, forming a button press / unpress status detection loop.

[0078] K5 (KeyFM+): Connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R222 (4.7KΩ) to control the FM function.

[0079] K6 (KeyFMR): Connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R223 (4.7KΩ), used to control the FMR function.

[0080] K1 (KeyAC): Connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R78 (4.7KΩ) to control the AC function.

[0081] K2 (KeyLED): Connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R79 (4.7KΩ), used to control the LED function.

[0082] K3 (KeyDC): Connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R81 (4.7KΩ) for controlling DC functions.

[0083] K11 (KeyFMON): Connected to a 3.3V power supply via resistor R226 (4.7KΩ), used to control the FM on function.

[0084] The principle of the indicator light circuit is as follows:

[0085] Multiple LEDs indicate different device statuses, such as FM status, USB status, and power status. One end of each LED is connected to the main control MCU's 3.3V power supply via a twelfth resistor (510Ω), and the other end is connected to ground.

[0086] LED6 (FMLED): Connected to the main MCU 3.3V power supply via resistor R221 (510Ω) to indicate FM status.

[0087] LED1 (USBLED): Connected to the 3.3V power supply of the main control MCU via resistor R68 (510Ω) to indicate the USB status.

[0088] LED2 (PowerLED): Connected to the main control MCU 3.3V power supply via resistor R69 (510Ω) to indicate the power status.

[0089] LED3 (ACLED): Connected to the main control MCU 3.3V power supply via resistor R70 (510Ω) to indicate AC status.

[0090] LED4 (DCLED): Connected to the main control MCU 3.3V power supply via resistor R73 (510Ω) to indicate DC status.

[0091] Example 2 provides a power management system, including the power control board described in any of Examples 1-3 of this application.

[0092] The main control board's battery monitoring circuit, utilizing multiple ADC input lines, can independently and accurately transmit external signals such as USB port voltage and current, battery voltage, and temperature to different ADC channels of the main control MCU. The main control MCU can acquire and analyze these key parameters in real time, providing strong data support for efficient power management and safe use. The battery voltage monitoring subcircuit and temperature monitoring subcircuit further enhance monitoring accuracy. The battery voltage monitoring subcircuit accurately measures battery voltage through resistor voltage division, helping users understand the battery's charge status in a timely manner. The temperature monitoring subcircuit utilizes the thermistor's sensitivity to temperature changes to provide real-time feedback on battery temperature, effectively preventing battery damage due to overheating and extending battery life. The battery compartment door detection subcircuit can detect the opening and closing status of the battery compartment door in real time. When the door is opened or closed, the corresponding signal is promptly transmitted to the main control MCU, allowing the system to make appropriate adjustments, such as pausing charging or discharging operations when the door is open to ensure safe use. Each button in the button detection subcircuit operates independently; when the user presses a button, the signal is quickly and accurately transmitted to the main control MCU. This allows users to easily perform various operations, such as switching the power supply on and off and changing output modes, with timely feedback, enhancing the user experience. The multi-fan control circuit uses PWM signals to independently control the start, stop, and speed of multiple fans. The main control MCU can dynamically adjust the fan operation based on real-time monitored parameters such as battery temperature and inverter temperature. It increases fan speed at high temperatures to enhance heat dissipation; and reduces speed or stops operation at lower temperatures to save energy and reduce noise. Intelligent heat dissipation control helps maintain the stable operating temperature of the internal electronic components of the power bank, preventing damage due to overheating and improving the reliability and stability of the power supply.

[0093] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and all such changes should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power supply main control board, characterized in that, This includes the main control MCU, battery monitoring circuit, status detection circuit, and multi-fan control circuit; The battery monitoring circuit includes multiple ADC input lines and multiple capacitors. External signal sources are connected to the ADC pins of the main control MCU through multiple ADC input lines. Each external signal corresponds to a different ADC channel, realizing independent input. Multiple capacitors are connected in parallel, with one end grounded and the other end connected to each ADC input line. The status detection circuit includes a battery compartment door detection sub-circuit, which includes multiple buttons, connectors, and a first resistor; each connector is grounded at one end, and the other end is connected to the corresponding button and the first resistor in sequence, and then connected to the corresponding pin of the main control MCU through a common line. The multi-fan control circuit includes: the Fan_PWM pin of the main control MCU is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor via a second resistor, the source of the field-effect transistor is grounded, and the drain of the field-effect transistor is connected to a pin of the fan connector; The third resistor is connected to the gate of the MOSFET at one end and grounded at the other end; the diode is connected in series between the positive terminal of the DC power supply and the fan connector; the start, stop and speed of multiple fans are independently controlled by the PWM signal.

2. The power supply main control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external signal sources include the voltage, current, battery voltage, and temperature of the USB port.

3. The power supply main control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery monitoring circuit also includes a battery voltage monitoring sub-circuit and a temperature monitoring sub-circuit; The battery voltage monitoring sub-circuit divides the voltage through the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the middle node between the fourth resistor and the fifth resistor is connected to the ADC pin of the main control MCU. The temperature monitoring sub-circuit uses a voltage divider between the sixth and seventh resistors. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, and the intermediate node between the sixth and seventh resistors is connected to the corresponding ADC pin of the main control MCU.

4. The power supply main control board according to claim 3, characterized in that, The seventh resistor is a thermistor.

5. The power supply main control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply main control board also includes a buzzer control circuit, which includes a power input section and a control section; The power supply is connected to the first pin of the buzzer through the eighth resistor; The control section includes a field-effect transistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, and a diode; The Buzzer_PWM pin of the main control MCU is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor via the ninth resistor; the source of the field-effect transistor is grounded and the drain is connected to the second pin of the buzzer; one end of the tenth resistor is connected to the gate of the field-effect transistor and the other end is grounded; the negative terminal of the diode is connected to the power supply terminal and the positive terminal is connected to the second pin of the buzzer.

6. The power supply main control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power control board also includes a power filtering circuit, comprising multiple filter capacitors connected in parallel between the power supply and ground.

7. The power supply main control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The status detection circuit also includes a key detection sub-circuit, which includes multiple keys. Each key independently constitutes a circuit. One end of each key is grounded, and the other end is connected to the power supply through the eleventh resistor and then connected to the main control MCU.

8. The power supply main control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply main control board also includes an indicator light circuit, which includes multiple indicator lights. Each indicator light independently constitutes a circuit. One end of each indicator light is connected to the main control MCU through the twelfth resistor, and the other end is connected to ground.

9. The power supply main control board according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control MCU communicates with the host computer via a serial interface.

10. A power supply system, characterized in that, include: The power control board according to any one of claims 1-9.

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