Perovskite solar cell and electronic device
By employing a stacked structure and a combination of conductive components and sealant in perovskite solar cells, the sealing problem of the encapsulation structure was solved, achieving higher sealing performance and stability, and extending the lifespan of the cells.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520446411.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-03-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing perovskite solar cell encapsulation structures have poor sealing properties, leading to water and oxygen intrusion, which affects cell stability and lifespan.
It adopts a layered structure consisting of a light-transmitting substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a charge carrier transport layer, a perovskite layer, a metal electrode, an insulating film, and a protective layer. Through the combined design of the first and second conductive components and sealant, it achieves electrode lead-out and full sealing, and enhances edge sealing performance.
This improves the sealing and stability of perovskite solar cells, extends their lifespan, and reduces the risk of water and oxygen erosion of the perovskite layer.
Smart Images
Figure CN223968169U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic cell technology, and in particular to a perovskite solar cell and electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] Perovskite solar cells, as a third-generation technology, have advantages such as simple process, high efficiency and low cost. However, their perovskite layer and functional layer are easily affected by moisture, resulting in insufficient cell stability.
[0003] Existing perovskite solar cells use the same electrode lead-out packaging method as crystalline silicon solar cells, leading out the electrodes via conductive tape and sealing the glass edges with sealant. However, it has been found that because one side of the conductive tape is in direct contact with the substrate glass, the seal is poor, allowing water and oxygen to easily penetrate. Since perovskite is highly sensitive to water and oxygen, this poor edge sealing in the packaging structure leads to perovskite oxidation and decomposition, significantly reducing the lifespan of perovskite solar cells. Utility Model Content
[0004] The main objective of this invention is to propose a perovskite solar cell and electronic device, which aims to improve the sealing performance of the perovskite solar cell to enhance its stability and extend its service life.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the perovskite solar cell proposed in this utility model includes a light-transmitting substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a first carrier transport layer, a perovskite layer, a second carrier transport layer, a metal electrode, an insulating film, and a protective layer stacked sequentially. The polarities of the carriers transported by the first carrier transport layer and the second carrier transport layer are opposite.
[0006] A first sealant is provided between the light-transmitting substrate and the protective layer. The light-transmitting substrate, the first sealant, and the protective layer enclose a sealed space. The transparent conductive layer, the first carrier transport layer, the perovskite layer, the second carrier transport layer, the metal electrode, and the insulating film are disposed within the sealed space.
[0007] The protective layer has two through holes;
[0008] The perovskite solar cell further includes a first conductive element and a second conductive element, both of which are located between the insulating film and the protective layer. The first conductive element and the second conductive element are spaced apart. The first end of the first conductive element is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer, and the first end of the second conductive element is electrically connected to the metal electrode.
[0009] A second sealant is provided between the insulating film and the protective layer. The second sealant seals the two through holes respectively. The second end of the first conductive element passes through one of the through holes, and the second sealant wraps a portion of the first conductive element. The second end of the second conductive element passes through the other through hole, and the second sealant wraps a portion of the second conductive element.
[0010] In one embodiment, the insulating film covers the perovskite layer with its orthogonal projection toward the perovskite layer;
[0011] The first end of the first conductive element is bent at one edge of the insulating film and extends to the transparent conductive layer;
[0012] The first end of the second conductive element is bent at one edge of the insulating film and extends to the metal electrode.
[0013] In one embodiment, the first conductive element extends in a straight line from the edge of the insulating film to one of the through holes, and the second conductive element extends in a straight line from the edge of the insulating film to another of the through holes.
[0014] In one embodiment, a third sealant is further provided between the insulating film and the protective layer, the third sealant being disposed around the edge of the insulating film.
[0015] In one embodiment, the first sealant and the third sealant are made of the same material, and the first sealant and the third sealant are connected together.
[0016] In one embodiment, the perovskite solar cell has at least two sub-cells connected in parallel. The first conductive element includes a main body and at least two branch components. The first ends of all the branch components are connected to the transparent conductive layers of different sub-cells, and the second ends of all the branch components are connected to the first ends of the main body. The second ends of the main body pass through a through hole. The second conductive element is electrically connected to different sub-cells respectively.
[0017] In one embodiment, the first sealant is butyl rubber;
[0018] And / or, the second sealant is butyl rubber;
[0019] And / or, the first conductive element is conductive tape;
[0020] And / or, the second conductive element is conductive tape;
[0021] And / or, the first carrier transport layer is a hole transport layer, and the second carrier transport layer is an electron transport layer;
[0022] And / or, the two through holes are disposed away from the edge of the insulating film;
[0023] And / or, the insulating film is a water-blocking film.
[0024] In one embodiment, the perovskite solar cell further includes two conductive seals. One conductive seal is located on the side of the protective layer away from the insulating film, connected to the first conductive element, and blocks one of the through holes. The other conductive seal is located on the side of the protective layer away from the insulating film, connected to the second conductive element, and blocks the other through hole.
[0025] In one embodiment, the insulating film is made of POE film.
[0026] This invention also proposes an electronic device, characterized in that it includes an electronic device and a perovskite solar cell as described above, wherein the electronic device and the perovskite solar cell are electrically connected.
[0027] In this invention, two through holes are sealed with a second sealant. The second end of the first conductive element passes through one through hole, and the second sealant partially covers the first conductive element. The second end of the second conductive element passes through the other through hole, and the second sealant partially covers the second conductive element, thus achieving electrode lead-out and sealing of the perovskite solar cell. Since the first and second conductive elements do not protrude from the first sealant, the sealing performance of the perovskite solar cell's edges is improved. Furthermore, compared to methods where one side of the first conductive element and one side of the second conductive element are directly in contact with the light-transmitting substrate for sealing, this invention improves the sealing performance of the perovskite solar cell by partially covering the first and second conductive elements with the second sealant, completely sealing the electrode lead-out points. This improves the stability of the perovskite solar cell and extends its lifespan. Attached Figure Description
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a perovskite solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by this utility model.
[0031] Explanation of icon numbers:
[0032] 1000, Electronic device; 100, Perovskite solar cell; 10, Transparent substrate; 10a, First sealant; 20, Transparent conductive layer; 30, First carrier transport layer; 40, Perovskite layer; 50, Second carrier transport layer; 60, Metal electrode; 70, Insulating film; 70a, Second sealant; 70b, Third sealant; 80, Protective layer; 80a, Through hole; 90, First conductive element; 91, Second conductive element; 100a, Sealed space; 300, Electronic device.
[0033] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation
[0034] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.
[0036] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution where both A and B are satisfied simultaneously. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
[0037] This invention proposes a perovskite solar cell.
[0038] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, the perovskite solar cell 100 includes a light-transmitting substrate 10, a transparent conductive layer 20, a first carrier transport layer 30, a perovskite layer 40, a second carrier transport layer 50, a metal electrode 60, an insulating film 70, and a protective layer 80 stacked sequentially. The polarities of the carriers transported by the first carrier transport layer 30 and the second carrier transport layer 50 are opposite.
[0039] The light-transmitting substrate 10 can be a glass plate; it can also be a flexible transparent polymer, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) sheet; or it can be other effective light-transmitting substrates 10. The transparent conductive layer 20 can be ITO (Indium Tin Oxide); it can also be FTO (Fluorine-doped Tin Oxide); or it can be made of other effective transparent conductive materials. The perovskite layer 40 is used to absorb light and generate photogenerated electrons and holes. The metal electrode 60 is used for conduction, and the material of the metal electrode 60 can be copper; it can also be silver; or it can be made of other effective metallic conductive materials. The polarity of the charge carriers in the first charge carrier transport layer 30 and the second charge carrier transport layer 50 is opposite. For example, if the first charge carrier transport layer 30 transports electrons, then the second charge carrier transport layer 50 transports holes. If the first charge carrier transport layer 30 transports holes, then the second charge carrier transport layer 50 transports electrons. The insulating film 70 can be a POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) film; a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) film; or other effective insulating films 70. The protective layer 80 can be a glass plate; a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) sheet; or other effective materials.
[0040] A first sealant 10a is provided between the light-transmitting substrate 10 and the protective layer 80. The light-transmitting substrate 10, the first sealant 10a, and the protective layer 80 enclose a sealed space 100a. A transparent conductive layer 20, a first carrier transport layer 30, a perovskite layer 40, a second carrier transport layer 50, a metal electrode 60, and an insulating film 70 are disposed within the sealed space.
[0041] The protective layer 80 has two through holes 80a. The perovskite solar cell 100 also includes a first conductive element 90 and a second conductive element 91. Both the first conductive element 90 and the second conductive element 91 are located between the insulating film 70 and the protective layer 80, and are spaced apart. The first end of the first conductive element 90 is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer 20, and the first end of the second conductive element 91 is electrically connected to the metal electrode 60. A second sealant 70a is provided between the insulating film 70 and the protective layer 80. The second sealant 70a seals the two through holes 80a respectively. The second end of the first conductive element 90 passes through one through hole 80a, and the second sealant 70a covers a portion of the first conductive element 90. The second end of the second conductive element 91 passes through the other through hole 80a, and the second sealant 70a covers a portion of the second conductive element 91.
[0042] The first sealant 10a can be butyl rubber, epoxy resin, or other effective sealants. The first conductive component 90 can be conductive tape, conductive silver wire, or other effective conductive components. The second conductive component 91 can be conductive tape, conductive silver wire, or other effective conductive components.
[0043] Understandably, the two through holes 80a are sealed by the second sealant 70a. The second end of the first conductive element 90 passes through one through hole 80a, and the second sealant 70a partially covers the first conductive element 90. The second end of the second conductive element 91 passes through the other through hole 80a, and the second sealant 70a partially covers the second conductive element 91, thus achieving electrode lead-out and sealing of the perovskite solar cell 100. Since the first conductive element 90 and the second conductive element 91 do not protrude from the first sealant 10a, the sealing performance of the perovskite solar cell 100's edges is improved. Furthermore, compared to the method where one side of the first conductive element 90 and one side of the second conductive element 91 are directly in contact with the light-transmitting substrate 10 for sealing, this invention improves the sealing performance of the perovskite solar cell 100 by partially covering the first conductive element 90 and partially covering the second conductive element 91 with the second sealant 70a, completely sealing the electrode lead-out points with sealant. This improves the stability of the perovskite solar cell 100 and extends its service life.
[0044] Furthermore, due to the presence of the insulating film 70, water and oxygen will not directly contact the perovskite layer 40 after the second sealant 70a fails. Therefore, the insulating film 70 can also play a certain role in blocking water and oxygen, thereby delaying the entry of water and oxygen into the perovskite layer 40, which can improve the sealing performance of the perovskite solar cell 100, thereby improving the stability of the perovskite solar cell 100 and extending its service life.
[0045] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this invention, the insulating film 70, projected orthographically toward the perovskite layer 40, covers the perovskite layer 40; that is, the area of the insulating film 70 is greater than or equal to the area of the perovskite layer 40, thus shielding the perovskite layer 40. A first conductive element 90 is located between the insulating film 70 and the protective layer 80, with its first end bent at one edge of the insulating film 70 and extending to the transparent conductive layer 20. A second conductive element 91 is located between the insulating film 70 and the protective layer 80, with its first end bent at one edge of the insulating film 70 and extending to the metal electrode 60.
[0046] Understandably, by ensuring that the area of the insulating film 70 is greater than or equal to the area of the perovskite layer 40, its orthographic projection completely covers the surface of the perovskite layer 40, thereby reducing the probability of water and oxygen penetration. Furthermore, this avoids short circuits caused by direct contact between the metal electrode 60 and the first conductive element 90.
[0047] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this utility model, the first conductive element 90 extends in a straight line from the edge of the insulating film 70 to a through hole 80a, and the second conductive element 91 extends in a straight line from the edge of the insulating film 70 to another through hole 80a. This arrangement minimizes the distance between the first conductive element 90 and the second conductive element 91 from the edge of the insulating film 70 to the through hole 80a, thereby saving materials for both the first conductive element 90 and the second conductive element 91 and reducing costs.
[0048] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this invention, a third sealant 70b is further provided between the insulating film 70 and the protective layer 80, and the third sealant 70b is arranged around the edge of the insulating film 70. This arrangement further improves the internal sealing of the perovskite solar cell 100. From the perspective of the entire perovskite solar cell 100, the combination of the third sealant 70b and the second sealant 70a forms a multi-layered seal. Even if the second sealant 70a fails and moisture enters between the insulating film 70 and the protective layer 80, the sealant 70b still prevents moisture from entering the perovskite layer 40.
[0049] It should be noted that the third sealant 70b can be butyl rubber; it can also be epoxy resin; or it can be other effective sealants.
[0050] In another embodiment of this utility model, the perovskite solar cell 100 has at least two sub-cells connected in parallel. The first conductive element 90 includes a main body and at least two branch components. The first ends of all branch components are connected to the transparent conductive layers 20 of different sub-cells, and the second ends of all branch components are connected to the first ends of the main body. The second ends of the main body pass through a through hole 80a. The second conductive element 91 is electrically connected to the different sub-cells respectively.
[0051] In this embodiment, the perovskite solar cell 100 has two sub-cells connected in parallel; in another embodiment, the perovskite solar cell 100 may have three sub-cells connected in parallel; in other embodiments, the perovskite solar cell 100 may have more than three sub-cells connected in parallel. The number of branch components of the first conductive element 90 can be determined according to the number of sub-cells connected in parallel.
[0052] Understandably, by having multiple branch components in the first conductive element 90 converge to the main component, the positive and negative terminals of multiple sub-cells can be led out separately even when multiple sub-cells are connected in parallel, without the need to add through holes 80a on the cover plate.
[0053] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this invention, the first sealant 10a is butyl rubber; and / or, the second sealant 70a is butyl rubber. Butyl rubber has a low thermal shrinkage rate, which can reduce the risk of peeling at the encapsulation interface due to thermal stress, thereby improving the stability of the perovskite solar cell 100.
[0054] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this utility model, the first conductive element 90 is a conductive tape; and / or, the second conductive element 91 is a conductive tape. It is understood that using conductive tape for the first conductive element 90 and / or the second conductive element 91 can improve conductivity and is compatible with the flexible perovskite solar cell 100.
[0055] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this invention, the first carrier transport layer 30 is a hole transport layer, and the second carrier transport layer 50 is an electron transport layer. This configuration forms a pin (inverted perovskite solar cell 100) structure. In this inverted structure, light can enter from the hole transport layer side. This design reduces interface recombination losses and improves charge extraction efficiency by reconstructing the carrier transport path. Compared to the conventional structure, the hole transport layer can directly contact the perovskite layer 40 without relying on the high-defect TiO2 layer, thereby reducing the recombination probability of photogenerated carriers.
[0056] Please see Figure 1In one embodiment of this invention, the two through holes 80a are positioned away from the edge of the insulating film 70. It can be understood that by positioning the two through holes 80a away from the edge of the insulating film 70, the path for water and oxygen to invade through the through holes 80a is extended, thereby improving the water and oxygen barrier effect of the insulating film 70.
[0057] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this invention, the insulating film 70 is a water-blocking film. Understandably, due to the presence of the insulating film 70, even after the second sealant 70a fails, water and oxygen will not directly contact the perovskite layer 40; they must bypass the insulating film 70 to enter the perovskite layer 40. Therefore, the insulating film 70 also plays a certain role in improving water and oxygen barrier properties, thereby improving the sealing performance of the perovskite solar cell 100, enhancing its stability, and ultimately extending its lifespan. The water-blocking film can be an HDPE film (high-density polyethylene film), a PE film (polyethylene film), or other effective water-blocking films.
[0058] Please see Figure 1 In one embodiment of this utility model, the insulating film 70 is characterized by being made of POE film. Understandably, POE (Polyolefin Elastomer) film offers good insulation, good moisture barrier properties, and strong anti-aging capabilities, which contribute to the stable operation of the perovskite solar cell 100. Furthermore, using POE film allows it to fill the gaps between the metal electrodes and the protective layer after the perovskite solar cell 100 is laminated.
[0059] This utility model also proposes an electronic device 1000. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 2 The electronic device 1000 includes an electronic device 300 and a perovskite solar cell 100. The perovskite solar cell 100 and the electronic device 300 are electrically connected, meaning that the positive and negative terminals of the perovskite solar cell 100 are respectively connected to the electronic device 300 to provide power to the electronic device 300. The specific structure of the perovskite solar cell 100 is as described in the above embodiments. Since the electronic device 1000 adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it possesses at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated further here.
[0060] The electronic device 300 may be, but is not limited to, an electronic calculator, an e-book reader, a wearable device, a camera, etc.
[0061] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the technical concept of the present utility model and the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A perovskite solar cell, characterized in that, It includes a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive layer, a first charge carrier transport layer, a perovskite layer, a second charge carrier transport layer, a metal electrode, an insulating film, and a protective layer, which are stacked in sequence. The charge carriers transported by the first charge carrier transport layer and the second charge carrier transport layer have opposite polarities. A first sealant is provided between the light-transmitting substrate and the protective layer. The light-transmitting substrate, the first sealant, and the protective layer enclose a sealed space. The transparent conductive layer, the first carrier transport layer, the perovskite layer, the second carrier transport layer, the metal electrode, and the insulating film are disposed within the sealed space. The protective layer has two through holes; The perovskite solar cell further includes a first conductive element and a second conductive element, both of which are located between the insulating film and the protective layer. The first conductive element and the second conductive element are spaced apart. The first end of the first conductive element is electrically connected to the transparent conductive layer, and the first end of the second conductive element is electrically connected to the metal electrode. A second sealant is provided between the insulating film and the protective layer. The second sealant seals the two through holes respectively. The second end of the first conductive element passes through one of the through holes, and the second sealant wraps a portion of the first conductive element. The second end of the second conductive element passes through the other through hole, and the second sealant wraps a portion of the second conductive element.
2. The perovskite solar cell as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating film, with its orthogonal projection toward the perovskite layer, covers the perovskite layer; The first end of the first conductive element is bent at one edge of the insulating film and extends to the transparent conductive layer; The first end of the second conductive element is bent at one edge of the insulating film and extends to the metal electrode.
3. The perovskite solar cell as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The first conductive element extends in a straight line from the edge of the insulating film to one of the through holes, and the second conductive element extends in a straight line from the edge of the insulating film to another of the through holes.
4. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, A third sealant is provided between the insulating film and the protective layer, and the third sealant is arranged around the edge of the insulating film.
5. The perovskite solar cell as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first sealant is made of the same material as the third sealant, and the first sealant and the third sealant are connected together.
6. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perovskite solar cell has at least two sub-cells connected in parallel. The first conductive element includes a main body and at least two branch components. The first ends of all the branch components are connected to the transparent conductive layers of different sub-cells, and the second ends of all the branch components are connected to the first end of the main body. The second end of the main body passes through a through hole. The second conductive element is electrically connected to different sub-cells respectively.
7. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sealant is butyl rubber; And / or, the second sealant is butyl rubber; And / or, the first conductive element is conductive tape; And / or, the second conductive element is conductive tape; And / or, the first carrier transport layer is a hole transport layer, and the second carrier transport layer is an electron transport layer; And / or, the two through holes are disposed away from the edge of the insulating film; And / or, the insulating film is a water-blocking film.
8. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perovskite solar cell further includes two conductive seals. One conductive seal is located on the side of the protective layer away from the insulating film, connected to the first conductive element, and blocks one of the through holes. The other conductive seal is located on the side of the protective layer away from the insulating film, connected to the second conductive element, and blocks the other through hole.
9. The perovskite solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating film is made of POE film.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes an electronic device and a perovskite solar cell as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the electronic device and the perovskite solar cell are electrically connected.