Three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser machining

Abstract

The utility model discloses three-dimensional five-axis processing equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, which comprises a base provided with a portal frame and a reversing assembly, and the reversing assembly is used for reversing a workpiece to be processed in the X-axis, Y-axis, A-axis or C-axis direction; the Z-axis linear module is arranged on the portal frame and used for driving a galvanometer and a field lens to move in the Z-axis direction; the optical assembly is arranged on the portal frame, and the optical assembly is used for emitting a collimated laser beam towards the galvanometer; the coordinate detection assembly is arranged on the portal frame and used for detecting and confirming surface position coordinates of the workpiece driven by the reversing assembly to move; the three-dimensional five-axis laser machining device can solve the problems that the existing three-dimensional five-axis laser machining device generally introduces the coordinates of the curved surface of the workpiece manually, the efficiency is low, certain errors exist, and high-precision machining of the workpiece is not facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tools, specifically to a three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing. Background Technology

[0002] As precision manufacturing evolves towards higher complexity and integration, five-axis laser processing equipment is increasingly widely used in aerospace, medical devices, and other fields, playing an irreplaceable role, especially in the processing of microstructures and curved surfaces. However, existing three-dimensional five-axis laser processing equipment typically imports the workpiece surface coordinates manually, which is inefficient and prone to errors, hindering high-precision machining of workpieces. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model includes: a base, on which a gantry and a reversing assembly are provided, the reversing assembly being used to reorient the workpiece to be processed in the X-axis, Y-axis, A-axis, or C-axis direction; a Z-axis linear module, disposed on the gantry, for driving the galvanometer and field mirror to move along the Z-axis direction; an optical assembly, disposed on the gantry, for emitting a collimated laser beam toward the galvanometer; and a coordinate detection assembly, disposed on the gantry, for detecting and confirming the position coordinates of the workpiece surface driven to move by the reversing assembly.

[0005] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, the reversing component includes at least a Y-axis linear module disposed on the base, an X-axis linear module driven by the Y-axis linear module, a fixed frame driven to move by the X-axis linear module, a rotating frame rotatably disposed on the fixed frame, an A-axis rotary table for driving the rotating frame to rotate, a platform disposed on the rotating frame for placing a fixed workpiece, and a C-axis rotary table for driving the platform to rotate axially.

[0006] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, the optical component includes at least a laser located on the top of the gantry and an optical element for shaping and reflecting the laser beam emitted by the laser to the galvanometer.

[0007] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, the coordinate detection component includes at least a drive structure disposed on the gantry, a probe and a probe that are driven to rise and fall by the drive structure, wherein the probe is connected to the probe and an external measuring device, and the probe is used to contact the workpiece surface to obtain the coordinate information of the measurement point.

[0008] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, the driving structure includes at least a cylinder disposed on the gantry, a slide rail vertically disposed on the gantry, and a slider slidably disposed on the slide rail, wherein the extended shaft end of the cylinder is connected to the slider, and the probe and probe are disposed on the slider.

[0009] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, a CCD paraxial vision system is also provided on the gantry, which is used to capture workpiece surface image information for positioning, measuring and identifying the workpiece.

[0010] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, the base is disposed on the base, and a rubber pad layer is disposed between the base and the base.

[0011] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, the base is equipped with an electrical control cabinet, and a first wire through hole and a second wire through hole are provided on the base. The first wire through hole is used to pass signal cables, and the second wire through hole is used to pass power cables.

[0012] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, the base and gantry are made of marble.

[0013] In the preferred technical solution of the above-mentioned three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on galvanometer laser processing, the bottom surface of the base is equipped with heavy-duty feet.

[0014] The beneficial effect of this utility model is that it uses a coordinate detection component to map the curved surface of the workpiece to be processed, thereby obtaining the contour of the surface to be processed. This allows the laser beam emitted by the field lens to reach the processing position of the workpiece more accurately, thus improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of optical components Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of optical components Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the commutation assembly;

[0020] Figure 6 This diagram shows the connection relationship between the base and the pedestal.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate detection component;

[0022] In the diagram: Base 1, First cable pass hole 101, Second cable pass hole 102, Gantry 2, Reversing assembly 3, Y-axis linear module 31, X-axis linear module 32, Fixed frame 33, Rotating frame 34, A-axis turntable 35, Platform 36, C-axis turntable 37, Z-axis linear module 4, Galvanometer 5, Field lens 6, Optical assembly 7, Laser 71, Reflector 72, One-dimensional slide 73, Laser beam expander 74, Z-axis optical system 75, Coordinate detection assembly 8, Probe 81, Cylinder 82, Slide rail 83, Slider 84, CCD paraxial vision system 9, Base 10, Rubber pad 11, Electrical control cabinet 12, Heavy-duty foot 13. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that in the description of this utility model, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the three-dimensional five-axis machining equipment based on laser processing of galvanometer 5 of this utility model includes: a base 1, on which a gantry 2 and a reversing assembly 3 are provided, the reversing assembly 3 being used to reorient the workpiece to be processed in the X-axis, Y-axis, A-axis or C-axis direction; a Z-axis linear module 4, located on the gantry 2, for driving the galvanometer 5 and field mirror 6 to move along the Z-axis direction; an optical assembly 7, located on the gantry 2, for emitting a collimated laser beam toward the galvanometer 5; and a coordinate detection assembly 8, located on the gantry 2, for detecting and confirming the position coordinates of the workpiece surface driven to move by the reversing assembly 3.

[0027] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 The gantry 2 is configured on the base 1, and the reversing assembly 3 is set on the base 1. The reversing assembly 3 can support and fix the workpiece to be processed, and perform reversing operations on the workpiece in the X-axis, Y-axis, A-axis or C-axis direction. The Z-axis linear module 4 is set on the gantry 2. The Z-axis linear module 4 is equipped with a galvanometer 5 and a field mirror 6. The Z-axis linear module 4 can drive the galvanometer 5 and the field mirror 6 to move in the vertical direction.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 4 The optical component 7 is configured on the gantry 2 and can emit a collimated laser beam and reflect it into the galvanometer 5. After being adjusted by the galvanometer 5, the collimated laser beam is emitted through the field lens 6 to the workpiece held and fixed by the reversing component 3, so as to realize the processing of the workpiece by the laser beam.

[0029] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 The coordinate detection component 8 is configured on the gantry 2. When the workpiece surface is curved, in order to ensure the processing effect of the laser beam on the workpiece surface, it is necessary to test the position of the workpiece surface. The coordinate detection component 8 is used to detect the position coordinates of the workpiece surface. The external mapping system processes the workpiece surface data transmitted by the coordinate detection component 8 to obtain the workpiece surface contour, so that the laser beam emitted by the field lens 6 can more accurately process the workpiece.

[0030] Specifically, when processing a workpiece, the workpiece is first placed on the reversing assembly 3. The coordinates of the workpiece surface are detected by the coordinate detection assembly, and the workpiece surface contour is drawn. Then, the collimated laser beam is emitted towards the galvanometer 5 by the optical assembly 7. After being reflected by the galvanometer 5, the laser beam is emitted by the field lens 6 to be focused on the workpiece to be processed, so as to realize the welding, cutting and other operations on the workpiece. It has the characteristics of simple structure and convenient operation. In addition, this application uses the coordinate detection assembly 8 to measure the surface of the workpiece to be processed and obtain the contour of the workpiece surface to be processed, so that the laser beam emitted by the field lens 6 can reach the workpiece processing position more accurately, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece in this application.

[0031] In one or more embodiments, the reversing assembly 3 includes at least a Y-axis linear module 31 disposed on the base 1, an X-axis linear module 32 driven by the Y-axis linear module 31, a fixed frame 33 driven to move by the X-axis linear module 32, a rotating frame 34 rotatably disposed on the fixed frame 33, an A-axis turntable 35 for driving the rotating frame 34 to rotate, a platform 36 disposed on the rotating frame 34 for placing a fixed workpiece, and a C-axis turntable 37 for driving the platform 36 to rotate axially; wherein, the A-axis turntable 35 is an A-axis DD motor module, and the C-axis turntable 37 is a C-axis DD motor module.

[0032] It should be noted that the Y-axis linear module 31 is a Y-axis ironless double-moving linear module. The ironless linear motor contained in the Y-axis ironless double-moving linear module has the characteristics of no cogging effect, low friction and low inertia, which can achieve high-precision linear motion. In addition, the double-moving design allows the module to bear a larger load and be more stable.

[0033] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 The X-axis linear module 32 is driven by the Y-axis linear module 31 along the Y-axis direction, and the rotating frame 34 is driven by the X-axis linear module 32 along the X-axis direction. The A-axis turntable 35 is used to drive the rotating frame 34 to rotate on the fixed frame 33, and the C-axis turntable 37 is used to drive the platform 36 to rotate on the rotating frame 34. The platform 36 is used to fix the workpiece to be processed. It should be noted that the fixed frame 33 is also equipped with an electromagnetic brake, which is used to hold and fix the rotating frame 34, so that the rotating frame 34 controlled by the AC turntable can be fixed in a predetermined position, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the focused laser beam for workpiece processing.

[0034] Specifically, when processing the workpiece, the workpiece is first fixed on the stage 36. Then, the coordinate detection component 8 is used to measure the coordinates of the surface of the workpiece to be processed. Then, the Y-axis linear module 31 and the X-axis linear module 32 work together to drive the workpiece to directly below the field lens 6. Then, the Z-axis linear module 4 is used to control the field lens 6 to move vertically along the Z-axis. At the same time, with the use of the A-axis turntable 35 and the C-axis turntable 37, the laser beam emitted by the field lens 6 can be focused on the position of the workpiece to be processed, so as to realize the processing of the workpiece. It has the characteristics of high workpiece processing accuracy and high efficiency, and is practical.

[0035] In one or more embodiments, the optical component 7 includes at least a laser 71 disposed on top of the gantry 2 and optical elements for shaping and reflecting the laser beam emitted by the laser 71 to the galvanometer 5.

[0036] See Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4The optical components include a reflector 72 located on top of the gantry 2 for adjusting, shaping, and reflecting the laser beam emitted by the laser 71, a one-dimensional slide 73 for controlling the movement of the reflector 72, a laser beam expander 74, and a Z-axis optical system 75. The laser 71 emitted by the laser 71 illuminates the reflector 72, which reflects the laser beam through the laser beam expander 74 for beam expansion. The shaped and corrected laser beam is then reflected by the Z-axis optical system 75 into the galvanometer 5 and exits through the field lens 6. By setting these optical components, the laser 71 emitted by the laser 71 can undergo refraction, reflection, beam expansion and shaping, and coaxial directivity maintenance. Ultimately, the laser beam reaches the galvanometer 5 and, in conjunction with the field lens 6, acts on the workpiece for laser processing, improving the flexibility and accuracy of the equipment in workpiece processing.

[0037] In one or more embodiments, the coordinate detection component 8 includes at least a drive structure disposed on the gantry 2, a probe and a probe 81 driven to rise and fall by the drive structure, wherein the probe is connected to the probe 81 and an external measuring device, and the probe 81 is used to contact the workpiece surface to obtain coordinate information of the measurement point; the drive structure includes at least a cylinder 82 disposed on the gantry 2, a slide rail 83 vertically disposed on the gantry 2, and a slider 84 slidably disposed on the slide rail 83, wherein the extended shaft end of the cylinder 82 is connected to the slider 84, and the probe and probe 81 are disposed on the slider 84.

[0038] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 The probe is connected to an external measuring device and a probe 81. Both the probe and the probe 81 are mounted on a slider 84. The slider 84 is vertically raised and lowered on a slide rail 83 by a cylinder 82, so that the bottom of the probe 81 contacts or moves away from the surface to be measured on the workpiece. This configuration can assist the five-axis machining equipment in accurately anchoring the three-dimensional spatial coordinates of the structural contour of complex workpieces, so that the geometric relationship between the workpiece simulation model and the actual workpiece in the machining system of the five-axis machining equipment is highly coupled and matched, thereby achieving precise machining of the workpiece.

[0039] In one or more embodiments, a CCD parietal vision system 9 mounted on the gantry 2 is also included for capturing image information of the workpiece surface to locate, measure, and identify the workpiece. See also Figure 1 , Figure 2The CCD rangefinder vision system 9 includes at least a CCD camera, a lens, a light source, an image processing unit, and a control unit. The CCD camera is used to capture images of the workpiece being processed and convert them into digital signals. The lens is used to focus on the workpiece being processed to ensure that the captured images are clear. The light source is used to provide illumination and ensure the imaging quality of the workpiece being processed in the CCD camera. The image processing unit can perform preprocessing, feature extraction, and measurement calculations on the captured images. The control unit is responsible for the overall control of the system, including camera triggering, lens adjustment, and light source switching.

[0040] In one or more embodiments, the base 1 is disposed on the base 10, and a rubber pad 11 is disposed between the base 1 and the base 10. See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 The rubber pad 11 is made of high-elasticity rubber. The surface of the rubber pad 11 is provided with staggered stripes to enhance the shock absorption effect, reduce noise generation, and eliminate mechanical resonance of the five-axis machining equipment during operation.

[0041] In one or more embodiments, an electrical control cabinet 12 is disposed inside the base 10, and a first wire passage hole 101 and a second wire passage hole 102 are provided through the base 1. The first wire passage hole 101 is used to pass through signal cables, and the second wire passage hole 102 is used to pass through power cables.

[0042] It should be noted that the power cable transmits high-current, high-voltage power signals, which generate a strong electromagnetic field around it. The signal cable is used to transmit weak control signals and data signals. By passing the signal cable through the first cable pass hole 101 and the power cable through the second cable pass hole 102, the electromagnetic field generated by the power cable can be effectively avoided from interfering with the signal cable. This improves the accuracy and stability of the signal cable's signal transmission, effectively reduces electromagnetic induction, and enables the control system to accurately receive and process signals. It also avoids equipment malfunctions and data errors caused by signal interference. In addition, the structural design that separates the signal cable from the power cable can prevent the high temperature and electric arc from affecting the signal cable when the power cable fails, reducing the possibility of the fault spreading. Furthermore, this design facilitates wiring and installation by workers, reduces maintenance difficulty, and shortens maintenance time.

[0043] In one or more embodiments, the base 1 and the gantry 2 are made of marble. The marble base 1 and gantry 2 have good thermal stability and rigidity, which ensures high stability of the workpiece during long-term processing and reduces interference from the external environment.

[0044] In one or more embodiments, the base 10 is provided with heavy-duty feet 13 on its bottom surface. See also Figure 2The heavy-duty foot 13 is used to adjust the level of the equipment so that the five-axis machining equipment is in the best working condition.

[0045] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it. They cannot be used to limit the protection scope of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus based on galvanometer laser machining, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of laser processing equipment, including: Base, gantry and reversing component are provided on the base, the reversing component is used to the workpiece to be processed X axis, Y axis, A axis or C axis direction change of direction; Z-axis linear module, is located in the gantry, for driving galvanometer and field lens move along Z axis direction; Optical assembly, located in the gantry, the optical assembly is used to issue collimated laser beam towards the galvanometer; Coordinate detection component, located in the gantry, for detecting confirming the workpiece surface position coordinates moved by the reversing component drive.

2. The galvanometer laser machining based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The reversing component at least includes Y-axis linear module arranged on the base, X-axis linear module driven by the Y-axis linear module, fixed frame moved by the X-axis linear module drive, rotating frame rotatably arranged on the fixed frame, A-axis turntable for driving the rotating frame rotation, workpiece placing platform arranged on the rotating frame, C-axis turntable for driving the workpiece placing platform axial rotation.

3. The galvanometer laser machining based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The optical assembly at least includes laser arranged on the top of the gantry and optical element for shaping and reflecting the laser beam emitted by the laser to the galvanometer.

4. The galvanometer laser machining based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The coordinate detection component at least includes driving structure arranged on the gantry, probe head and probe driven by the driving structure, wherein the probe head is connected with the probe and external measuring equipment, and the probe is used to contact workpiece surface to obtain coordinate information of measuring point.

5. The galvanometer laser machining based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 4, characterized by: The driving structure at least includes cylinder arranged on the gantry, slide rail vertically arranged on the gantry, sliding block slidingly arranged on the slide rail, wherein the extending shaft end of the cylinder is connected with the sliding block, and the probe head and the probe are arranged on the sliding block.

6. The galvanometer laser machining based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: It also includes CCD off-axis vision system arranged on the gantry, for capturing workpiece surface image information to position, measure and identify workpiece.

7. The galvanometer laser machining based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: The base is arranged on the base, and rubber pad is arranged between the base and the base.

8. The galvanometer laser machining based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by: The base is arranged in electric control cabinet body, first wire hole and second wire hole are arranged through the base, the first wire hole is used to pass through signal cable, and the second wire hole is used to pass through power cable. 9.The galvanometer laser processing based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base and gantry are made of marble material.

10. The galvanometer laser machining based three-dimensional five-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by: Heavy foot is arranged on the bottom surface of the base.

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