Composite waterproof system for river channel
By employing a composite structure consisting of a cohesive soil waterproofing layer, a geomembrane layer, a waterproofing board layer, and a silt layer in the river channel, the problems of aging and cumbersome construction associated with traditional seepage prevention measures under complex geological conditions have been solved. This has resulted in a highly efficient, durable, and low-cost seepage prevention effect, ensuring the stable water storage function of the reservoir river channel.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202520607235.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-06
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-04-01
AI Technical Summary
Traditional seepage prevention measures are prone to aging under complex geological conditions, are cumbersome to construct and costly, and are difficult to achieve long-term stable seepage prevention effects, especially in strata with well-developed karst fissures.
A three-stage artificial seepage prevention + natural seepage prevention composite system is adopted, including a cohesive soil waterproof layer, a geomembrane layer, a waterproof board layer, and a silt layer. These are connected by anchoring and bonding structures to form a gradient seepage prevention system, and the superimposed natural silt layer enhances the seepage prevention effect.
It achieves the goals of high efficiency, durability, and low cost in seepage prevention, ensuring the stable water storage function of the reservoir area and improving seepage prevention performance.
Smart Images
Figure CN223974538U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically to a composite waterproofing system for river channels. Background Technology
[0002] In numerous water conservancy projects and tailings dams, the characteristics of the reservoir strata play a crucial role in the selection and implementation of seepage prevention measures. Currently, some reservoir areas are primarily composed of limestone and shale, with highly developed karst and fissures, making the riverbed prone to seepage or leakage, posing a potential threat to the normal operation of the reservoir and the surrounding ecological environment.
[0003] Traditional seepage control measures have revealed numerous shortcomings in addressing this problem. For example, materials such as geomembranes used alone are prone to aging under complex geological conditions, resulting in a limited service life; vertical seepage control technologies, such as bentonite slurry walls and concrete cutoff walls, involve cumbersome construction processes and are difficult to achieve ideal seepage control effects in strata with well-developed karst fissures; and internal lining seepage control technologies are limited by existing equipment and terrain conditions, making them unsuitable for widespread application in all reservoir environments. Furthermore, these traditional seepage control methods generally have high maintenance costs, making it difficult to meet the requirements for long-term stable seepage control.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of seepage prevention system to overcome the above-mentioned defects, achieve the goal of efficient, durable and low-cost seepage prevention, and ensure the irrigation of people in the reservoir area and the stable water storage function of the reservoir. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a composite waterproofing system for river channels that can achieve the goal of high efficiency, durability and low cost of seepage prevention.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a composite waterproofing system for river channels, comprising a cohesive soil waterproofing layer laid on the riverbed surface, a first geomembrane layer laid on the cohesive soil waterproofing layer, a waterproofing liner layer laid on the first geomembrane layer, a second geomembrane layer laid on the waterproofing liner layer, and a silt layer disposed on the second geomembrane layer. Anchoring or bonding structures for preventing relative sliding between the two layers are provided between the cohesive soil waterproofing layer and the first geomembrane layer, between the first geomembrane layer and the waterproofing liner layer, and between the waterproofing liner layer and the second geomembrane layer.
[0007] Furthermore, a sand cushion layer is provided between the first geomembrane layer and the waterproof board layer, and between the waterproof board layer and the second geomembrane layer.
[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the cohesive soil waterproof layer is 30–80 cm.
[0009] Furthermore, the thickness of the first geomembrane layer is 1 to 2.5 mm.
[0010] Furthermore, both the first and second geomembrane layers are composed of multiple geomembrane blocks spliced together, with the edges of adjacent geomembrane blocks overlapping vertically and welded together by heat fusion.
[0011] Furthermore, the width of the overlap between adjacent geomembrane blocks should be ≥15cm.
[0012] Furthermore, the waterproof membrane layer is mainly composed of multiple waterproof panels spliced together, with the edges of adjacent waterproof panels overlapping and hot-melt welded together.
[0013] Furthermore, there are two hot-melt welds between the overlapping surfaces of adjacent waterproof panels, and there are inspection gaps between the hot-melt welds.
[0014] Furthermore, the width of the overlap between adjacent waterproof panels is ≥15cm.
[0015] Furthermore, the first geomembrane layer, the waterproof membrane layer, and the second geomembrane layer cover the entire riverbed surface in the width direction of the river channel and extend to the banks on both sides of the river channel. Anchor blocks are also placed on the banks and pressed tightly onto the first geomembrane layer, the waterproof membrane layer, and the second geomembrane layer.
[0016] As described above, the composite waterproofing system of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0017] The system adopts a three-level artificial seepage prevention + natural seepage prevention composite system. The four-layer artificial composite structure of clay-geomembrane-waterproof board-geomembrane forms a gradient seepage prevention, and the superimposed natural siltation layer achieves dynamic reinforcement. This can effectively improve the seepage prevention performance of the reservoir area river channel, thereby achieving the goal of efficient, durable and low-cost seepage prevention, and ensuring the irrigation of the reservoir area residents and the stable water storage function of the reservoir. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the composite waterproof system in this utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 This is a partial schematic diagram of the composite waterproof system in this utility model.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection at the joint of the waterproof panels in the waterproof layer of this utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the staggered joint arrangement of the first geomembrane, the waterproof board layer, and the second geomembrane layer in this utility model.
[0022] Explanation of icon numbers
[0023] 1. Riverbed surface
[0024] 11. Riverbed
[0025] 12 Slope
[0026] 2. Cohesive soil impermeable layer
[0027] 3 First geomembrane layer
[0028] 4. Waterproof membrane layer
[0029] 41 Waterproof panels
[0030] 42. Detect gaps
[0031] 43 Hot melt weld seam
[0032] 5 Second geomembrane layer
[0033] 6. Silt layer
[0034] 7 Anchor blocks
[0035] 8. Shoreline Detailed Implementation
[0036] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification.
[0037] It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of this invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, provided they do not affect the effectiveness or purpose of this invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of this invention.
[0038] See Figures 1 to 4This utility model provides a composite waterproofing system for river channels, including a cohesive soil waterproofing layer 2 laid on the riverbed surface 1 of the river channel, a first geomembrane layer 3 laid on the cohesive soil waterproofing layer 2, a waterproof board layer 4 laid on the first geomembrane layer 3, a second geomembrane layer 5 laid on the waterproof board layer 4, and a silt layer 6 set on the second geomembrane layer 5. Anchoring structures or bonding structures are provided between the cohesive soil waterproofing layer 2 and the first geomembrane layer 3, between the first geomembrane layer 3 and the waterproof board layer 4, and between the waterproof board layer 4 and the second geomembrane layer 5 to prevent relative sliding between the two layers.
[0039] This utility model's composite waterproofing system employs a combination of artificial and natural seepage prevention. After leveling the riverbed surface 1, a layer of cohesive soil waterproofing layer 2 is laid, utilizing the impermeability of the cohesive soil to initially isolate groundwater seepage. Then, a first geomembrane layer 3 is laid on the cohesive soil waterproofing layer 2 to enhance the seepage prevention effect, and an anchoring or bonding structure is installed between the two layers to prevent relative sliding. A second geomembrane layer 5 is laid on the waterproofing layer 4, forming a third waterproof barrier. Anchoring or bonding structures are also installed between the two layers to prevent relative sliding. The waterproofing layer 4 provides support and protection for the first geomembrane layer 3 and the second geomembrane layer 5. A silt layer 6 is then laid on the second geomembrane layer 5. The silt layer 6 can be gradually accumulated after water is stored in the reservoir or can be artificially created. The silt layer 6 serves as a fourth waterproofing layer, further enhancing the stability and service life of the waterproofing system. The anchoring structure can employ existing conventional structures capable of limiting slippage. For example, mating grooves and protrusions, or mating anchor rods and anchor holes, can be installed on the contact surfaces of the two layers to restrict relative slippage between them. Similarly, when the cohesive soil waterproofing layer 2 is in direct contact with the first geomembrane layer 3, the first geomembrane layer 3 with the waterproofing liner layer 4, and the waterproofing liner layer 4 with the second geomembrane layer 5, appropriate adhesive structures can be used to connect them, preventing them from sliding against each other.
[0040] The composite waterproofing system of this invention adopts a three-level artificial seepage prevention + natural seepage prevention composite system. It forms a gradient seepage prevention through a four-layer artificial structure of clay-geomembrane-waterproof board-geomembrane, and achieves dynamic reinforcement by superimposing a natural siltation layer, thereby realizing the comprehensive waterproofing function of the river channel, which is especially suitable for reservoir area rivers.
[0041] See Figures 1 to 4 The present invention will be further described below with reference to a specific embodiment:
[0042] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2As a preferred design, sand cushion layers can also be provided between the first geomembrane layer 3 and the waterproof liner layer 4, and between the waterproof liner layer 4 and the first geomembrane layer 3. The sand cushion layer is preferably 5-10 cm thick. The sand cushion layer alleviates the deformation stress of the foundation, thereby improving the stability of the composite waterproofing system. When the sand cushion layer is provided, there is no direct contact between the first geomembrane layer 3 and the waterproof liner layer 4, and between the waterproof liner layer 4 and the first geomembrane layer 3. Mutual sliding is prevented by setting anchoring structures that can penetrate the sand cushion layer.
[0043] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a preferred design, the thickness of the cohesive soil impermeable layer 2 is 30–80 cm. Before laying the cohesive soil impermeable layer 2, the riverbed surface 1 should be thoroughly cleaned to remove debris, silt, etc., ensuring a smooth surface and providing a good foundation for the subsequent laying of the cohesive soil impermeable layer 2. The cohesive soil impermeable layer 2 should be compacted to a permeability coefficient ≤ 1 × 10⁻⁶. -7 cm / s.
[0044] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a preferred design, the thickness of the first geomembrane layer 3 is 1 to 2.5 mm. The first geomembrane layer 3 is composed of multiple geomembrane blocks spliced together. The width of a single geomembrane block is 5 to 10 mm. The edges of two adjacent geomembrane blocks overlap each other, and the width of the overlap is ≥15 cm. They are connected by hot-melt welding to ensure that the overlap is stable and leak-free.
[0045] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 As a preferred design, the waterproof layer 4 is mainly composed of multiple waterproof panels 41 spliced together. The waterproof panels 41 are preferably made of high-density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and ethylene copolymer modified bitumen resin (ECB), with a thickness of 2-5 mm and a width of 5-10 mm per panel. The edges of adjacent waterproof panels 41 overlap vertically and are heat-fused welded together. Preferably, the width of the overlap between two adjacent waterproof panels 41 is ≥15 cm, and there are two heat-fused weld seams 43 between the overlaps. A detection gap 42 is provided between the heat-fused weld seams 43. After connection, the sealing of the heat-fused weld seams 43 on both sides can be determined by checking the gap 42, thereby ensuring the airtightness and waterproofness of the connection between adjacent waterproof panels 41.
[0046] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2As a preferred design, the thickness of the second geomembrane layer 5 is 1 to 2.5 mm. The second geomembrane layer 5 is also composed of multiple geomembrane blocks spliced together. The width of a single geomembrane block is 5 to 10 mm. The edges of two adjacent geomembrane blocks overlap each other, with the overlap width being 5 to 10 mm. They are then welded together by hot fusion to ensure that the overlap is stable and leak-free.
[0047] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 4 As a preferred design, the overlaps between geomembrane blocks in the first geomembrane layer 3, the overlaps between waterproof panels 41 in the waterproof board layer 4, and the overlaps between geomembrane blocks in the second geomembrane layer 5 are staggered to further improve waterproofing.
[0048] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 As a preferred design, the first geomembrane layer 3, the waterproof membrane layer 4, and the second geomembrane layer 5 cover the entire riverbed surface 1 in the direction of river width and extend to the bank surfaces 8 on both sides of the river. The riverbed surface 1 generally includes the river bottom surface 11 and the slope surfaces 12 on both sides. That is, the first geomembrane layer 3, the waterproof membrane layer 4, and the second geomembrane layer 5 cover the river bottom surface 11 in the direction of river width and extend to both sides to cover the slope surfaces 12 on both sides, and partially extend to the bank surfaces 8 on both sides. They also cover the anchor blocks 7 set on the bank surfaces 8. The anchor blocks 7 press the anchor blocks 7 on the first geomembrane layer 3, the waterproof membrane layer 4, and the second geomembrane layer 5, thereby better fixing the first geomembrane layer 3, the waterproof membrane layer 4, and the second geomembrane layer 5. Furthermore, a pit is dug on the bank side 8, and the edges of the first geomembrane layer 3 and the second geomembrane layer 5 are laid into the pit. The waterproof panels 41 on both sides of the waterproof board layer 4 are set to be bent and extend into the pit. The anchor block 7 is made of concrete and is placed in the pit and pressed tightly onto the first geomembrane layer 3, the waterproof board layer 4 and the second geomembrane layer 5.
[0049] In this embodiment, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 As a preferred design, the silt layer 6 is formed by natural accumulation, and the thickness of the silt layer 6 is greater than 20cm.
[0050] The construction steps of this composite waterproofing system include:
[0051] Step 1: Use excavators, high-pressure water guns and other equipment to remove debris and silt from the river channel, clear the river channel down to the bedrock surface, and use bulldozers, road rollers and other equipment to level the riverbed surface 1, ensuring that the surface is free of obvious bumps, thereby forming a flat layer below the cohesive soil waterproof layer 2.
[0052] Step 2: Fill the cohesive soil in layers to form a cohesive soil waterproof layer 2. The loose thickness of each layer is ≤30cm, and the total thickness is 30-80cm.
[0053] Step 3: Lay the first geomembrane layer 3, and use double-seam hot-melt welding for the overlap of the geomembrane blocks.
[0054] Step 4: Lay waterproof panels 41 to form waterproof panel layer 4. After hot-melt welding at the joints, pressure test is performed, and the panels are staggered with the first geomembrane layer 3 below.
[0055] Step 5: Lay the second geomembrane layer 5, and stagger it with the lower waterproof membrane layer 4.
[0056] Step 6: Use concrete anchor blocks 7 to press firmly on the shore surface 8 to improve the stability of the multi-layer waterproofing system.
[0057] Step 7: After water is stored, a silt layer 6 is accumulated on the second geomembrane layer 5. The thickness and distribution of the silt layer 6 are monitored regularly to ensure that it achieves the expected water-proofing effect.
[0058] Step 8: Install monitoring pipes and periodically measure seepage flow and interlayer stress.
[0059] As can be seen from the above, the composite waterproofing system of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0060] The system adopts a three-level artificial seepage prevention + natural seepage prevention composite system. The four-layer artificial composite structure of clay-geomembrane-waterproof board-geomembrane forms a gradient seepage prevention, and the superimposed natural siltation layer achieves dynamic reinforcement. This can effectively improve the seepage prevention performance of the reservoir area river channel, thereby achieving the goal of efficient, durable and low-cost seepage prevention, and ensuring the irrigation of the reservoir area residents and the stable water storage function of the reservoir.
[0061] In summary, this utility model effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.
[0062] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in this utility model should still be covered by the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A composite waterproofing system for a watercourse, characterised in that: The invention relates to a riverbed surface (1) comprising a clay water-resisting layer (2) laid on the riverbed surface (1), a first geomembrane layer (3) laid on the clay water-resisting layer (2), a waterproof board layer (4) laid on the first geomembrane layer (3), a second geomembrane layer (5) laid on the waterproof board layer (4), and a silt layer (6) arranged on the second geomembrane layer (5), wherein an anchoring structure or a bonding structure is arranged between the clay water-resisting layer (2) and the first geomembrane layer (3), between the first geomembrane layer (3) and the waterproof board layer (4), and between the waterproof board layer (4) and the second geomembrane layer (5) to prevent relative sliding between the two layers.
2. The composite waterproofing system of claim 1, wherein: The first geomembrane layer (3) and the waterproof board layer (4), and the waterproof board layer (4) and the second geomembrane layer (5) are provided with a sand cushion layer.
3. The composite waterproofing system of claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the clay water-resisting layer (2) is 30-80 cm.
4. The composite waterproofing system of claim 1, wherein: The thickness of the first geomembrane layer (3) is 1-2.5 mm.
5. The composite waterproofing system of claim 1, wherein: The first geomembrane layer (3) and the second geomembrane layer (5) are both formed by splicing a plurality of geomembrane blocks, and the edges of adjacent two geomembrane blocks are overlapped and hot melt welded.
6. The composite waterproofing system of claim 5, wherein: The width of the overlapping part of adjacent two geomembrane blocks is greater than or equal to 15 cm.
7. The composite waterproofing system of claim 1, wherein: The waterproof board layer (4) is mainly formed by splicing a plurality of waterproof board blocks (41), and the edges of adjacent two waterproof board blocks (41) are overlapped and hot melt welded.
8. The composite waterproofing system of claim 7, wherein: Two hot melt welding seams (43) are arranged between the overlapping surfaces of adjacent two waterproof board blocks (41), and a detection gap (42) is arranged between the two hot melt welding seams (43).
9. The composite waterproofing system of claim 7, wherein: The width of the overlapping part of adjacent two waterproof board blocks (41) is greater than or equal to 15 cm.
10. The composite waterproofing system of claim 1, wherein: The first geomembrane layer (3), the waterproof board layer (4) and the second geomembrane layer (5) are arranged on the entire riverbed surface (1) in the width direction of the river, and extend to the riverbank surface (8) on both sides of the river, and further comprising an anchoring block (7) arranged on the riverbank surface (8) and pressing the first geomembrane layer (3), the waterproof board layer (4) and the second geomembrane layer (5).