Fault diagnosis structure for blade assembly of wind driven generator

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of wind driven generators, in particular to a fault diagnosis structure for a blade assembly of a wind driven generator. The device comprises a blade assembly, a variable pitch bearing and an optical fiber assembly, the blade assembly comprises at least two blades, at least one optical fiber cable is arranged on each blade, and a sensing unit is arranged in each optical fiber cable; according to the utility model, the optical fiber cables are arranged on the blades, and the sensing units on the optical fiber cables are used as sensing carriers to sense the information condition of the blades in real time and transmit the sensed information condition out in real time, so that the purpose of real-time fault monitoring is achieved; according to the utility model, the optical fiber cable can be used for sensing and judging whether the blade is cracked, cracked, swelled and layered or not, manual high-altitude operation for observation is not needed, weather influence is avoided, real-time monitoring can be carried out, internal damage defects of the blade can be accurately sensed, and accurate discovery and accurate identification are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind turbine technology, and in particular to a fault diagnosis structure for wind turbine blade assembly. Background Technology

[0002] A wind turbine is a device that converts wind energy into mechanical work, which drives a rotor to rotate and ultimately outputs alternating current (AC) electricity. The principle of wind power generation is to use wind power to rotate the turbine blades, and then use a speed increaser to increase the rotation speed, thereby causing the generator to produce electricity. According to current wind turbine technology, a breeze speed of about three meters per second (a very light breeze) is sufficient to start generating electricity.

[0003] As a core component for energy conversion, wind turbine blades are subject to alternating loads, extreme weather, and fatigue stress over long periods, making them prone to damage such as cracks, wear, and delamination. Currently, blade damage diagnosis mainly relies on close-range manual observation of the blade surface to identify visible damage such as cracks, missing corners, and coating peeling, or on drone inspections. However, while close-range manual observation is primarily used for small wind turbines and low-profile turbines, it is too reliant on human experience, and high-altitude operations are dangerous, making it difficult to detect internal defects (such as delamination), resulting in low efficiency. Drone inspections can be applied to the regular inspection of blades in large wind farms and high-profile turbines, but they require high-definition cameras and image recognition systems, and are also affected by weather conditions (such as strong winds and heavy rain). In particular, their accuracy in identifying minute cracks is limited, and their data processing capabilities are also lacking. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a fault diagnosis structure for wind turbine blade assembly. It uses optical fiber lines laid on the blades and sensing units on the optical fiber lines as sensing carriers to sense the information status of the blades in real time and transmit the sensed information out in real time, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time fault monitoring.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A fault diagnosis structure for a wind turbine blade assembly is disclosed, which is connected to the hub of a wind turbine generator. The structure includes a rotating blade assembly, a pitch bearing, and an optical fiber assembly. The blade assembly comprises at least two blades, each with at least one optical fiber line. A sensing unit for sensing information about the blade is disposed within the optical fiber line. The pitch bearing is connected to the blades. The optical fiber assembly includes an optical fiber collection box. The optical fibers distributed on the blades are adhered to the outer surface of the pitch bearing housing and connected to the optical fiber collection box, where they converge. The optical fiber collection box is connected to an optical fiber processor disposed within the hub. The optical fiber processor transmits the sensed information about the blades wirelessly.

[0007] As an improvement of this utility model, the information of the blade includes cracks, splits, bulges, and delamination of the blade.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the fiber optic resolver is connected to the cabin via wireless transmission, and the cabin transmits signals to the ground control center via a ring network signal.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the fiber optic resolver is provided with a wireless transmission module, and the cabin is provided with a wireless receiving module for receiving signals from the wireless transmission module.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the optical fiber is a bare optical fiber with a coating, and the bare optical fiber includes a sensing bare optical fiber portion, a protective sleeve portion, and a connector.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the blade assembly includes three blades, each of which is connected to one of the pitch bearings.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the optical fiber is bonded to the blade with adhesive.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the optical fiber is laid in an S-shape on the blade.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the optical fiber collection box extends into the hub of the wind turbine through a retractable tension spring as an optical fiber carrier.

[0015] In this invention, optical fibers are deployed on the blades, and sensing units on the optical fibers serve as sensing carriers to perceive the blade information in real time and transmit the perceived information out in real time, thereby achieving the purpose of real-time fault monitoring. This invention can use optical fibers to sense and determine whether the blades have cracks, fissures, bulges, or delamination, without the need for manual high-altitude observation, and is not affected by weather. It can monitor in real time and accurately sense internal damage defects in the blades, achieving accurate detection and identification. Attached Figure Description

[0016] For ease of explanation, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fault diagnosis structure for a wind turbine blade assembly according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view in the middle;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fiber optic cable arrangement at the front mold seam bonding point of this utility model.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1-blade, 101-leash side of blade, 102-windward side of blade, 103-blade web, 104-leading edge mold joint bonding, 105-tailing edge mold joint bonding, 2-fiber optic cable arranged on the blade, 201-fiber optic cable at the leading edge mold joint bonding, 202-fiber optic cable at the tailing edge mold joint bonding, 203-fiber optic cable at the web bonding, 3-pitch bearing, 4-fiber optic collection box, 5-fiber optic cable on the pitch bearing, 6-multi-core optical cable, 7-fiber optic resolver. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the fault diagnosis structure for a wind turbine blade assembly of this utility model is connected to the hub of the wind turbine generator set.

[0023] The present invention discloses a fault diagnosis structure for a wind turbine blade assembly, comprising a rotating blade assembly, a pitch bearing, and an optical fiber assembly. The blade assembly includes at least two blades 1, and at least one optical fiber 2 is provided on the blade 1. The optical fiber 2 is provided with a sensing unit for sensing the information status of the blade 1. The pitch bearing 3 is connected to the blade 1. Preferably, the blade assembly includes three blades 1, and each blade 1 is connected to a pitch bearing 2.

[0024] In this invention, the optical fiber 2 is a bare optical fiber with a coating (the special coating ensures sufficient tensile strength and a small bending radius, making it less prone to damage during use; the coating is processed using a special technique, ensuring sufficient adhesion between the coating and the fiber core, thus triggering an alarm when a crack or split in the wind turbine blade reaches 0.5mm). The bare optical fiber includes a sensing section, a protective sheath, and a connector, and the fiber type is single-mode or multi-mode fiber. The information on the blade 1 includes cracks, splits, bulges, and delamination. The sensing unit inside the optical fiber 2 can detect these conditions in real time. When these faults occur, the optical fiber 2 breaks, thus enabling fault diagnosis and location. Specifically, when structural damage such as cracks, splits, bulges, or delamination occurs at the location of the laid optical fiber, it causes structural changes at the blade location, resulting in tension on the optical fiber. When the physical displacement reaches 0.5mm or greater, the optical fiber at that location will break, thus triggering an alarm and location.

[0025] In this invention, the blade 1 includes a blade web, a leading edge bonding joint, a leading edge shell, a trailing edge bonding joint, and a trailing edge shell. An optical fiber 2 is bonded to the blade 1 with adhesive and laid out in an S-shape. Specifically, the length of the laid optical fiber 2 extends from the root of the blade 1 to the middle of the blade 1, and can be laid to the tip of the blade 1 as needed for monitoring. The optical fiber 2 is laid out in an S-shape, a straight line, or a slightly curved shape. Adhesive is applied and covered on the blade 1 along the direction of the optical fiber laying (the adhesive used has sufficient strength and service life after curing to prevent damage to the optical fiber during subsequent use). The blade 1 is provided with a blade leeward side 101, a blade windward side 102, a blade web 103, a leading edge mold joint bonding joint 104, a trailing edge mold joint bonding joint 105, an optical fiber 201 at the leading edge mold joint bonding joint, an optical fiber 202 at the trailing edge mold joint bonding joint, and an optical fiber 203 at the web bonding joint.

[0026] In this utility model, the pitch bearing 2 mainly includes the outer surface of the outer ring. The optical fiber 2 distributed on the blade 1 extends and adheres to the outer ring housing surface of the pitch bearing 3, which is the optical fiber 5 on the pitch bearing. The optical fiber 5 on the pitch bearing extends and gathers in the optical fiber collection box 4.

[0027] In this utility model, the optical fiber assembly includes an optical fiber collection box 4. Specifically, multiple optical fiber lines 2 are laid in each blade 1, and there is an optical fiber collection box 4 at the root of each blade 1. The multiple optical fiber lines in the blade 1 are gathered into the optical fiber collection box 4, and then gathered into a multi-core multi-core optical cable 6 with a protective sheath after passing through the optical fiber collection box 4.

[0028] In this invention, the fiber optic collection box 4 extends into the hub of the wind turbine through a retractable tension spring. Specifically, the multi-core optical cable 6 from the fiber optic collection box 4 extends into the hub of the wind turbine through a retractable tension spring. The multi-core optical cable 6 is fixed to the tension spring in an S-shape. When the blade 1 undergoes pitch torsion, the tension spring can undergo stretching and compression deformation, thereby preventing the multi-core optical cable 6 from twisting or breaking.

[0029] In this invention, the fiber optic collection box 4 is connected to the fiber optic processor 7 installed in the hub. The fiber optic processor 7 transmits the information of the sensed fiber optics wirelessly. The fiber optic processor 7 is equipped with a wireless transmitting module, and a wireless receiving module for receiving signals from the wireless transmitting module is installed in the nacelle. Specifically, the fiber optic processor 7 is connected to the nacelle wirelessly, and the nacelle transmits signals to the ground control center through a ring network signal. The power supply for the fiber optic processor 7 is provided by the 220V power supply in the hub. That is, the fiber optic processor 7 is fixed in the hub of the wind turbine and powered by the 220V power supply in the hub. After performing data processing, it sends the signal into the nacelle through a pair of wireless communication modules. The module in the hub is the wireless transmitting module, and the module in the nacelle is the wireless receiving module. After receiving the signal in the nacelle, it is transmitted to the ground control center through the ring network signal in the nacelle.

[0030] In this invention, an alarm can be triggered when the blade develops a 0.5mm crack. The blade is laid entirely with optical fibers, which effectively prevents the risk of lightning strikes. The optical fibers can be laid up to the blade tip and are deployed on all major structural components to achieve full coverage of the blade fault area and solve the problem of measurement blind spots. Moreover, this invention provides simple and efficient blade fault measurement with high accuracy and low cost.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A wind turbine blade assembly failure diagnosis structure connected to a hub of a wind turbine generator of a wind turbine generator, characterized by, The application relates to a wind turbine blade information sensing system, which comprises a rotating blade assembly, a pitch bearing and an optical fiber assembly, wherein the blade assembly comprises at least two blades, at least one optical fiber line is arranged on the blades, and a sensing unit is arranged in the optical fiber line to sense information of the blades; the pitch bearing is connected with the blades; the optical fiber assembly comprises an optical fiber collecting box; the optical fiber lines distributed on the blades are adhered to the surface of an outer ring shell of the pitch bearing and connected with the optical fiber collecting box to be gathered in the optical fiber collecting box; the optical fiber collecting box is connected with an optical fiber resolver arranged in a hub; and the optical fiber resolver transmits the sensed information of the blades through wireless transmission.

2. A wind turbine blade assembly fault diagnostic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information of the blades comprises cracks, cracks, bulges and delamination of the blades.

3. A wind turbine blade assembly fault diagnostic structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that, The optical fiber resolver is connected with a cabin through wireless transmission, and the cabin transmits signals to a ground control center through a ring network signal.

4. A wind turbine blade assembly fault diagnostic structure according to claim 3, wherein A wireless transmission module is arranged in the optical fiber resolver, and a wireless receiving module for receiving signals of the wireless transmission module is arranged in the cabin.

5. A wind turbine blade assembly fault diagnostic structure according to claim 1, wherein The optical fiber line is a bare optical fiber with a coating layer, which comprises a sensing bare optical fiber part, a protective sleeve part and a joint.

6. A wind turbine blade assembly fault diagnostic structure according to claim 5, wherein The blade assembly comprises three blades, and each blade is connected with a pitch bearing.

7. A wind turbine blade assembly fault diagnostic structure according to claim 1, wherein The optical fiber line is adhered to the blades through glue.

8. A wind turbine blade assembly fault diagnostic structure according to claim 7, wherein The optical fiber line is laid on the blades in an S shape.

9. A wind turbine blade assembly fault diagnostic structure according to claim 1, wherein The optical fiber collecting box extends to the hub of the wind turbine through a telescopic tension spring as an optical fiber carrier.

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