A wind turbine

Abstract

The utility model relates to wind driven generator technical field discloses a wind driven generator, its characterized in that, including fan main shaft, first blade layer, first blade layer includes a plurality of first blade, first blade is along the circumferential interval distribution of fan main shaft, second blade layer, second blade layer includes a plurality of second blade, second blade is along the circumferential interval distribution of fan main shaft, and second blade layer is set in the circumferential of fan main shaft relative to first blade layer staggered angle, the wind driven generator provided by the utility model, through setting first blade layer and second blade layer, and second blade layer is in the circumferential of fan main shaft relative to first blade layer staggered angle, can reduce the wind catching empty window period of fan rotation, improve the utilization of effective wind sweeping area, strengthen the overall wind catching capacity, simultaneously, the difference of angle of attack change that two layers of blades experience in the rotation process, can alleviate dynamic stall phenomenon, help to promote the wind energy conversion efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind turbine technology, and specifically to a wind turbine. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical axis wind turbines are considered an important form of wind energy utilization due to their good wind direction adaptability and relatively compact structure. Among them, vertical axis wind turbines have attracted much attention due to their high theoretical efficiency. However, traditional vertical axis wind turbines typically employ a single-layer blade layout design.

[0003] This single-layer blade layout typically has a small number of blades (usually only 2-3), resulting in a long "wind capture window" during turbine rotation, low utilization of the effective swept area, and limited overall wind capture capacity. Moreover, during rotation, all blades in a single-layer structure simultaneously experience the same drastic periodic angle of attack changes, which can easily lead to severe dynamic stall—a sudden drop in blade lift and a surge in drag, resulting in a significant reduction in wind energy conversion efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a wind turbine to solve the problems of long "wind capture window period" during wind turbine rotation, low utilization rate of effective swept area, limited overall wind capture capacity, and severe dynamic stall phenomenon caused by single-layer blade layout in existing vertical axis wind turbines.

[0005] This utility model provides a wind turbine generator, comprising:

[0006] Fan spindle;

[0007] The first blade layer is axially disposed on the main shaft of the wind turbine, and the first blade layer includes a plurality of first blades, which are distributed circumferentially along the main shaft of the wind turbine.

[0008] The second blade layer is axially arranged on the main shaft of the fan and located below the first blade layer. The second blade layer includes a plurality of second blades, which are distributed circumferentially along the main shaft of the fan.

[0009] The second blade layer is offset from the first blade layer in the circumferential direction of the main shaft of the fan.

[0010] Optionally, the second blade layer includes at least two rings of second blade groups arranged axially spaced along the main shaft of the fan, each ring of the second blade group including a plurality of second blades circumferentially spaced along the main shaft of the fan, and the radial distance of the at least two rings of the second blade groups from the main shaft of the fan is different.

[0011] Optionally, the radial distance from the second blade group, which is located one ring from the main shaft of the wind turbine, to the main shaft of the wind turbine is equal to the radial distance from the first blade layer to the main shaft of the wind turbine.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes:

[0013] A drag blade layer is disposed on the main shaft of the wind turbine and located above the first blade layer. The drag blade layer includes multiple drag blades.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes:

[0015] The third blade layer is fixedly installed on the main shaft of the wind turbine and located below the second blade layer. The third blade layer includes multiple third blades, and the projection of the third blade layer in the vertical direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the generator.

[0016] Optionally, the third blade layer includes at least two sets of third blades, which are arranged radially at intervals along the main shaft of the wind turbine, and each set of third blades includes a plurality of third blades distributed circumferentially at intervals along the main shaft of the wind turbine.

[0017] Optionally, it also includes:

[0018] A first connecting plate and a second connecting plate are arranged in parallel, and the plate surfaces are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the fan main shaft. The first connecting plate and the second connecting plate are spaced apart on the fan main shaft along the axial direction of the fan main shaft to form a first gap. The second blade of the second blade layer is disposed in the first gap, and the two ends of the second blade are respectively fixedly connected to the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate. One end of the first blade is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the first connecting plate away from the second connecting plate, and one end of the third blade is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the second connecting plate away from the first connecting plate.

[0019] Optionally, it also includes:

[0020] The third connecting plate is disposed parallel to the first connecting plate on the side of the first connecting plate away from the second connecting plate, and is spaced apart from the first connecting plate to form a second gap. The two ends of the first blade abut against the first connecting plate and the third connecting plate respectively, and the resistance blade layer is disposed on the side of the third connecting plate away from the first connecting plate.

[0021] Optionally, the first connecting plate is a hollow first connecting plate, and the hollow first connecting plate has a plurality of through holes extending through its thickness direction;

[0022] And / or, the second connecting plate is a hollow second connecting plate, wherein the hollow second connecting plate has a plurality of through holes extending through its thickness direction.

[0023] Optionally, it also includes a cable-stayed assembly, the cable-stayed assembly comprising:

[0024] An end fixing member is provided at the end of the main shaft of the wind turbine near the resistance blade layer;

[0025] Multiple pull rods are arranged radially, with one end of each pull rod connected to the end fixing member and the other end connected to the third connecting plate; and / or, one end of each pull rod is connected to the third connecting plate and the other end is connected to the second connecting plate.

[0026] Beneficial effects

[0027] The wind turbine generator provided by this utility model includes a wind turbine main shaft; a first blade layer axially disposed on the wind turbine main shaft, the first blade layer including a plurality of first blades, the first blades being distributed at intervals along the circumference of the wind turbine main shaft; and a second blade layer axially disposed on the wind turbine main shaft and located below the first blade layer, the second blade layer including a plurality of second blades, the second blades being distributed at intervals along the circumference of the wind turbine main shaft, the second blade layer being offset at an angle relative to the first blade layer in the circumferential direction of the wind turbine main shaft.

[0028] The wind turbine provided by this utility model, by setting a first blade layer and a second blade layer, and the second blade layer being offset from the first blade layer in the circumferential direction of the main shaft of the wind turbine, can reduce the wind capture window period during wind turbine rotation, improve the utilization rate of the effective swept area, and enhance the overall wind capture capability; at the same time, the two blade layers experience different angle of attack changes during rotation, which can reduce dynamic stall phenomenon and help improve wind energy conversion efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0031] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second blade group, the first connecting plate, and the second connecting plate in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drag blade layer in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Fan main shaft;

[0035] 21. First blade; 22. Second blade; 23. Drag blade; 24. Third blade;

[0036] 31. First connecting plate; 32. Second connecting plate; 33. Third connecting plate; 34. Fourth connecting plate;

[0037] 41. End fastener; 42. Tie rod; 5. Generator; Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0039] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3 The following describes embodiments of the present invention.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a wind turbine generator is provided, comprising:

[0041] Fan main shaft 1;

[0042] The first blade layer is axially arranged on the main shaft 1 of the fan, and includes a plurality of first blades 21, which are distributed circumferentially along the main shaft 1 of the fan.

[0043] The second blade layer is axially arranged on the main shaft 1 of the fan and located below the first blade layer. The second blade layer includes a plurality of second blades 22, which are distributed circumferentially along the main shaft 1 of the fan.

[0044] The second blade layer is offset from the first blade layer at an angle in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine.

[0045] It should be noted that in this embodiment, both the first blade 21 and the second blade 22 are standard lift blades. Standard lift blades are a common type of blade used in vertical axis wind turbines, and their cross-section is usually streamlined, similar to the shape of an aircraft wing. Under the action of airflow, this type of blade can generate lift through the airflow velocity difference between its upper and lower surfaces, driving the wind turbine to rotate.

[0046] It should be noted that the wind turbine main shaft 1 is the same as the generator 5 main shaft. Through the rotation of the first blade 21 and the second blade 22, the generator 5 can be directly driven to rotate, and the mechanical energy captured by the blades and converted into wind energy is transferred to the generator to complete the conversion of electrical energy.

[0047] The wind turbine provided in this embodiment, by setting a first blade layer and a second blade layer, and the second blade layer being offset from the first blade layer by an angle in one circumference of the wind turbine main shaft, can reduce the wind capture window period during wind turbine rotation, improve the utilization rate of the effective swept area, and enhance the overall wind capture capability; at the same time, the two blade layers experience different angle of attack changes during rotation, which can reduce dynamic stall phenomenon and help improve wind energy conversion efficiency.

[0048] Furthermore, the second blade layer includes at least two rings of second blade groups arranged axially spaced along the main shaft 1 of the fan. Each ring of the second blade group includes multiple second blades 22 distributed circumferentially along the main shaft 1 of the fan, and the radial distance of the at least two rings of the second blade groups from the main shaft 1 of the fan is different.

[0049] In a straightforward manner, setting the second blade layer as at least two rings of second blades arranged axially along the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine with different radial distances allows the blades to capture wind energy at different radial positions, expanding the wind turbine's utilization of airflow in different ranges and improving the comprehensiveness of wind energy capture. At the same time, the layout of multiple blade rings can disperse the impact of airflow on a single blade ring, making the blades more evenly stressed.

[0050] Furthermore, the radial distance from the second blade group closest to the main shaft 1 to the main shaft 1 is equal to the radial distance from the first blade layer to the main shaft 1.

[0051] It is easy to understand that making the radial distance from the second blade group closest to the main shaft 1 of the fan equal to that from the first blade layer to the main shaft 1 of the fan allows the two blades to fit together at the same radial position, making fuller use of the airflow at that radial position. At the same time, it makes it easier to maintain structural coordination of the blades during installation and reduces the complexity of the layout design.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, the radial distance from the second blade group near the main shaft 1 to the main shaft 1 can be set to be less than the radial distance from the first blade layer to the main shaft 1; or the radial distance from the second blade group near the main shaft 1 to the main shaft 1 can be greater than the radial distance from the first blade layer to the main shaft 1.

[0053] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0054] The drag blade layer is disposed on the main shaft 1 of the fan and located above the first blade layer. The drag blade layer includes multiple drag blades 23.

[0055] It is easy to understand that a resistance blade layer containing multiple resistance blades 23 is set on the upper side of the first blade layer. The wind force received by the resistance blades 23 can drive the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine to rotate, which cooperates with the first and second blade layers to improve the overall driving force of the wind turbine. At the same time, it can adapt to the wind energy utilization needs under different wind speed conditions and make the wind turbine operate more stably.

[0056] It should be noted that the drag blade 23 is a blade in a wind turbine that relies on wind power to directly generate drag to drive the main shaft rotation. Its working principle is based on the drag effect of air on the blade. When the airflow blows towards the drag blade 23, the drag on the windward side of the blade is greater than that on the leeward side, forming a torque that pushes the blade to rotate around the main shaft.

[0057] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0058] The third blade layer is fixedly installed on the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine and is located below the second blade layer. The third blade layer includes multiple third blades 24. The projection of the third blade layer in the vertical direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the generator 5.

[0059] It is easy to understand that by fixing the third blade layer to the underside of the second blade layer, and having its vertical projection at least partially overlap with the projection of the generator 5, the center of gravity of the entire impeller can be lowered by increasing the weight distribution of the blade layer below the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine, making the wind turbine less prone to shaking during operation and improving the stability of the overall structure.

[0060] It should be noted that the vertical direction is the axial direction of the main shaft 1 of the fan.

[0061] Furthermore, the third blade layer includes at least two sets of third blade groups, which are arranged radially at intervals along the main shaft 1 of the fan, and each set of third blade groups includes multiple third blades 24 distributed circumferentially at intervals along the main shaft 1 of the fan.

[0062] In a straightforward manner, the third blade layer is configured as at least two sets of third blades arranged radially at intervals along the main shaft 1 of the fan. Each set contains multiple circumferentially spaced third blades 24, which allows the blades to be distributed in different radial positions, making the weight more balanced in the radial direction, further optimizing the center of gravity position, while expanding the utilization of airflow in different radial ranges and enhancing the comprehensiveness of wind capture.

[0063] In this embodiment, the third blade group includes two sets of third blades arranged radially at intervals along the main shaft 1 of the wind turbine. Of course, in other embodiments, a greater number of third blade groups may be provided depending on the specific installation location and product specifications of the wind turbine.

[0064] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0065] The first connecting plate 31 and the second connecting plate 32 are arranged in parallel, and the plate surface direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the fan main shaft 1. The first connecting plate 31 and the second connecting plate 32 are spaced apart on the fan main shaft 1 along the axial direction of the fan main shaft 1 to form a first gap. The second blade 22 of the second blade layer is disposed in the first gap, and the two ends of the second blade 22 are fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 31 and the second connecting plate 32 respectively. One end of the first blade 21 is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the first connecting plate 31 away from the second connecting plate 32. One end of the third blade 24 is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the second connecting plate 32 away from the first connecting plate 31.

[0066] It is easy to understand that by forming a first gap through the first connecting plate 31 and the second connecting plate 32, which are parallel to and perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft 1 of the fan, the two ends of the second blade 22 are fixed therein. At the same time, one end of the first blade 21 is fixed to the plate surface of the first connecting plate 31 away from the second connecting plate 32, and one end of the third blade 24 is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the second connecting plate 32 away from the first connecting plate 31. This makes the installation of the three-layer blades more stable, distributes the force on the blades with the help of the connecting plates, and makes the blade layout more regular, which is convenient for assembly and maintenance.

[0067] Of course, in an alternative embodiment, two spaced annular mounting seats can be fitted on the main shaft 1 of the fan, and multiple support arms can be provided on the mounting seats. The axis of the annular mounting seats is consistent with the main shaft 1 of the fan. The first blade 21, the second blade 22 and the third blade 24 are fixed on the support arms. The first blade 21, the second blade 22 and the third blade 24 are fixed by the annular mounting seats and the support arms to form a stable connection structure.

[0068] Furthermore, a fourth connecting plate 34 is also included. In this embodiment, the third blade layer includes two sets of third blade groups arranged radially at intervals along the main shaft 1 of the fan. The two third blades 24 located in the same radial direction of the main shaft 1 of the fan are fixedly connected by the fourth connecting plate 34. Specifically, the fourth connecting plate 34 is disposed parallel to the second connecting plate 32 on the side of the second connecting plate 32 away from the first connecting plate 31, and forms a third gap with the second connecting plate 32. Both sets of third blade groups are located in the third gap. The inner and outer ends of the two third blades 24 located in the same radial direction are respectively connected and fixed by the fourth connecting plate 34, so that the two third blades 24 form an integral force-bearing structure, which enhances the structural strength of the third blade layer. At the same time, the fourth connecting plate 34 disperses the airflow impact force on the blades, thereby improving the stability of blade operation.

[0069] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0070] The third connecting plate 33 is disposed parallel to the first connecting plate 31 on the side of the first connecting plate 31 away from the second connecting plate 32, and is spaced apart from the first connecting plate 31 to form a second gap. The two ends of the first blade 21 abut against the first connecting plate 31 and the third connecting plate 33 respectively, and the resistance blade layer is disposed on the plate surface of the third connecting plate 33 away from the first connecting plate 31.

[0071] In an easy-to-understand way, the third connecting plate 33 is set parallel to the first connecting plate 31 and spaced apart to form a second gap, so that the two ends of the first blade 21 abut against the first connecting plate 31 and the third connecting plate 33 respectively. At the same time, the resistance blade layer is set on the plate surface of the third connecting plate 33 away from the first connecting plate 31. The first blade 21 is fixed by the third connecting plate 33 and the first connecting plate 31 together, which enhances the stability of the installation of the first blade 21, makes the installation position of the resistance blade layer more reasonable, and makes the axial layout of each blade layer more compact and orderly, thereby improving the integration of the overall structure.

[0072] Furthermore, the first connecting plate 31 is a hollow first connecting plate, and multiple through holes penetrating its thickness direction are provided on the hollow first connecting plate.

[0073] Furthermore, the second connecting plate 32 is a hollow second connecting plate, and multiple through holes are provided on the hollow second connecting plate through its thickness direction.

[0074] It is easy to understand that by setting the first connecting plate 31 and the second connecting plate 32 as a hollow structure and opening multiple through holes, the weight of the connecting plate itself can be reduced, the load on the fan main shaft 1 can be reduced, and the airflow can be allowed to flow through the through holes, reducing the impact resistance of the airflow on the connecting plate and avoiding the blades from capturing wind energy due to the obstruction of the connecting plate.

[0075] In an alternative embodiment, the first connecting plate 31 and the second connecting plate 32 may adopt a grid structure, forming a frame through staggered ribs, which can maintain a certain structural strength while achieving the effects of weight reduction and reducing airflow obstruction.

[0076] Furthermore, it also includes cable-stayed components, which include:

[0077] End fixing member 41 is provided at the end of the main shaft 1 of the fan near the resistance blade layer;

[0078] Multiple pull rods 42 are arranged radially, with one end of each pull rod 42 connected to an end fixing member 41 and the other end connected to a third connecting plate 33; and / or, one end of each pull rod 42 is connected to the third connecting plate 33 and the other end is connected to the second connecting plate 32.

[0079] In easy to understand, the inclined tie rod assembly connects the end of the fan main shaft 1 away from the resistance blade layer to the third connecting plate 33 through the end fixing member 41 and multiple radially distributed tie rods 42, and / or connects the third connecting plate 33 to the second connecting plate 32. This can enhance the connection strength between each connecting plate and the fan main shaft 1, disperse the force generated by the blades during operation, reduce structural sway, and improve overall stability.

[0080] Specifically, the end fixing member 41 of the inclined tie assembly can be configured as an annular member sleeved on the end of the fan main shaft 1, with one end of a plurality of tie rods 42 evenly connected to the outer periphery of the annular member and the other end evenly connected to the edge of the third connecting plate 33; or, one end of the tie rod 42 is connected to the edge of the third connecting plate 33 and the other end is connected to the edge of the second connecting plate 32, and adjacent tie rods 42 are distributed at the same angle in the circumferential direction.

[0081] Specifically, in this embodiment, the tie rod 42 is fixed to the end fixing member 41 by bolt connection. Threaded holes are opened at corresponding positions on the outer periphery of the end fixing member 41 and the end of the tie rod 42, and the two are fastened by bolts. In an alternative embodiment, welding can also be used to weld one end of the tie rod 42 to the outer peripheral wall of the end fixing member 41 to ensure connection strength. The tie rod 42 is fixed to the third connecting plate 33 by pre-setting a connecting ear plate on the edge of the third connecting plate 33. Through holes are opened on the ear plate, and matching holes are set at the end of the tie rod 42. Hinging is achieved by passing a pin through the holes, or the end of the tie rod 42 is directly welded to the ear plate. The tie rod 42 is fixed to the second connecting plate 32 in a similar way. A connecting ear plate can be set on the edge of the second connecting plate 32, and the end of the tie rod 42 is connected to the ear plate by bolts or welding, so that the tie rod 42 can stably transmit tension and enhance the overall connection reliability of the structure.

[0082] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A wind turbine generator, characterized in that, include: Fan main shaft (1); The first blade layer is axially arranged on the main shaft (1) of the fan, and the first blade layer includes a plurality of first blades (21), which are distributed circumferentially along the main shaft (1). The second blade layer is axially arranged on the main shaft (1) of the fan and located below the first blade layer. The second blade layer includes a plurality of second blades (22), which are distributed circumferentially along the main shaft (1). The second blade layer is offset from the first blade layer in the circumferential direction of the main shaft (1) of the fan.

2. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second blade layer includes at least two rings of second blade groups arranged axially spaced along the main shaft (1) of the fan. Each ring of the second blade group includes multiple second blades (22) distributed circumferentially along the main shaft (1) of the fan, and the radial distance of the at least two rings of the second blade groups from the main shaft (1) of the fan is different.

3. The wind turbine generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radial distance from the second blade group, which is one ring close to the main shaft (1) of the fan, to the main shaft (1) of the fan is equal to the radial distance from the first blade layer to the main shaft (1) of the fan.

4. The wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Also includes: A drag blade layer is disposed on the main shaft (1) of the fan and located above the first blade layer. The drag blade layer includes a plurality of drag blades (23).

5. The wind turbine generator according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: The third blade layer is fixedly installed on the main shaft (1) of the wind turbine and located below the second blade layer. The third blade layer includes a plurality of third blades (24). The projection of the third blade layer in the vertical direction at least partially overlaps with the projection of the generator (5).

6. The wind turbine generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The third blade layer includes at least two sets of third blades, which are arranged radially at intervals along the main shaft (1) of the fan. Each set of third blades includes a plurality of third blades (24) distributed circumferentially at intervals along the main shaft (1) of the fan.

7. The wind turbine generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: The first connecting plate (31) and the second connecting plate (32) are arranged in parallel, and the plate surfaces are both perpendicular to the axial direction of the fan main shaft (1). The first connecting plate (31) and the second connecting plate (32) are spaced apart on the fan main shaft (1) along the axial direction of the fan main shaft (1) to form a first gap. The second blade (22) of the second blade layer is disposed in the first gap, and the two ends of the second blade (22) are fixedly connected to the first connecting plate (31) and the second connecting plate (32) respectively. One end of the first blade (21) is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the first connecting plate (31) away from the second connecting plate (32). One end of the third blade (24) is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the second connecting plate (32) away from the first connecting plate (31).

8. The wind turbine generator according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The third connecting plate (33) is disposed parallel to the first connecting plate (31) on the side of the first connecting plate (31) away from the second connecting plate (32), and is spaced apart from the first connecting plate (31) to form a second gap. The two ends of the first blade (21) abut against the first connecting plate (31) and the third connecting plate (33) respectively, and the resistance blade layer is disposed on the side of the third connecting plate (33) away from the first connecting plate (31).

9. The wind turbine generator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first connecting plate (31) is a hollow first connecting plate, and the hollow first connecting plate has a plurality of through holes that penetrate its thickness direction; And / or, the second connecting plate (32) is a hollow second connecting plate, and the hollow second connecting plate has a plurality of through holes that penetrate its thickness direction.

10. The wind turbine generator according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes a cable-stayed assembly, which comprises: An end fixing member (41) is provided at the end of the main shaft (1) of the fan near the resistance blade layer; Multiple pull rods (42) are radially distributed, with one end of each pull rod (42) connected to the end fixing member (41) and the other end connected to the third connecting plate (33); and / or, one end of each pull rod (42) is connected to the third connecting plate (33) and the other end is connected to the second connecting plate (32).

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