Battery protection system and vehicle with same

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery protection system and a vehicle with the same. The battery protection system comprises a first protection device which is electrically connected with a main relay of a battery box, and the first protection device is used for controlling the on-off of the main relay; the second protection device is electrically connected with the main relay, and the second protection device is used for controlling the on-off of the main relay; wherein the first protection device and the second protection device are independently controlled. According to the technical scheme of the utility model, the first protection device and the second protection device which are independently controlled can control the on-off of the main relay of the battery box, so that when one protection device breaks down, the other protection device can operate normally; the problem that a single battery protection scheme in the prior art causes battery damage when a fault occurs is solved, the battery safety is ensured, and the potential safety hazard of the battery is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery protection technology, and more specifically, to a battery protection system and a vehicle having the same. Background Technology

[0002] Existing battery boxes mainly consist of a casing, battery modules, conductive connectors, and a battery management system module. The battery slave controller collects the voltage and temperature of the battery cells and transmits this data to the master controller via CAN communication for analysis and judgment of data normality. When a battery malfunctions, the master controller disconnects the main relay of the battery system to protect the battery. However, this protection method is relatively simple. If the battery management system malfunctions or CAN communication fails, the battery will lose its normal protection, potentially leading to serious consequences such as battery fire or explosion, threatening personal safety and property.

[0003] There is currently no effective solution to the technical problem that the above-mentioned single battery protection scheme will cause battery damage when a fault occurs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a battery protection system and a vehicle equipped with it, in order to solve the problem that a single battery protection scheme in the prior art will damage the battery when a fault occurs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a battery protection system is provided, comprising: a first protection device electrically connected to a main relay of a battery box, the first protection device being used to control the on / off state of the main relay; and a second protection device electrically connected to the main relay, the second protection device being used to control the on / off state of the main relay; wherein the first protection device and the second protection device are controlled independently of each other.

[0006] Furthermore, the first protection device is used to control the on / off state of the positive terminal of the main relay, and the second protection device is used to control the on / off state of the negative terminal of the main relay.

[0007] Furthermore, the first protection device includes a battery management unit and a first acquisition module electrically connected to the battery management unit, and the second protection device includes a control module and a second acquisition module electrically connected to the control module. Both the first acquisition module and the second acquisition module are used to acquire battery information of the battery box. The first acquisition module and the second acquisition module are controlled independently of each other, and the battery management unit and the control module are controlled independently of each other.

[0008] Furthermore, at least part of the control module is located inside the battery compartment.

[0009] Furthermore, the second acquisition module includes multiple acquisition units, which are connected to the battery units of the battery box, and each battery unit is equipped with at least one acquisition unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the second acquisition module is connected to the control module via a wiring harness.

[0011] Furthermore, the second protection device also includes an alarm module, which is electrically connected to the control module.

[0012] Furthermore, the alarm module includes a buzzer.

[0013] Furthermore, the second protection device includes a protection board, on which a control module is installed.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided having a battery protection system, which is the battery protection system described above.

[0015] By applying the technical solution of this utility model, the first and second protection devices, which are independently controlled, can both control the on / off state of the main relay of the battery box, so that when one protection device fails, the other protection device can still operate normally. This solves the problem that the single battery protection scheme in the prior art will cause battery damage when it fails, ensuring battery safety and reducing battery safety hazards. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the battery protection system according to the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0021] Exemplary embodiments according to this application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application is thorough and complete, and that the concept of these exemplary embodiments is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, for clarity, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated, and the same reference numerals are used to denote the same devices, and therefore their description will be omitted.

[0022] In existing technologies, battery protection systems are typically configured as follows: a slave controller inside the battery box collects the battery's voltage and temperature, uploads the data to the BMS main control module via CAN communication, and then performs data analysis. If the collected data is abnormal, the main relay will be disconnected to protect the battery system. However, if the BMS main control module malfunctions, it may cause the battery system's protection to fail.

[0023] Therefore, existing battery protection systems have the following risks: 1) The main control module failure may lead to battery protection failure; 2) The battery management module communication failure may lead to battery protection failure. That is to say, both the main control module's own failure and the battery management module's communication failure (such as communication failure between the main control module and the slave controller, circuit failure in the slave controller's data acquisition of battery voltage and temperature, and circuit failure between the main control module and the main relay) may lead to battery failure.

[0024] Combination Figure 1 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of this application, a battery protection system is provided.

[0025] The battery protection system includes a first protection device and a second protection device. The first protection device is electrically connected to the main relay of the battery box and is used to control the on / off state of the main relay. The second protection device is also electrically connected to the main relay and is used to control the on / off state of the main relay. The first and second protection devices are controlled independently of each other.

[0026] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, the first and second protection devices, which are independently controlled, can both control the on / off state of the main relay of the battery box, so that when one protection device fails, the other protection device can still operate normally. This solves the problem that a single battery protection scheme in the prior art will cause battery damage when it fails, ensuring battery safety and reducing battery safety hazards.

[0027] Specifically, the first protection device controls the on / off state of the positive terminal of the main relay, and the second protection device controls the on / off state of the negative terminal of the main relay. This independent control design ensures that even if the positive control fails, the negative control can still function, and vice versa, greatly enhancing the system's redundancy and safety. Furthermore, by controlling the positive and negative terminals of the main relay separately, the first and second protection devices also prevent mutual interference during operation, ensuring independent control.

[0028] In an alternative embodiment of this application, the first protection device is used to control the on / off state of the negative terminal of the main relay, and the second protection device is used to control the on / off state of the positive terminal of the main relay.

[0029] The first protection device includes a battery management unit and a first data acquisition module electrically connected to the battery management unit. The second protection device includes a control module and a second data acquisition module electrically connected to the control module. Both the first and second data acquisition modules are used to collect battery information from the battery box. The first and second data acquisition modules are controlled independently of each other, as are the battery management unit and the control module. This independent data acquisition and control design ensures that if the first protection fails, the second protection can be activated immediately to monitor battery information in real time, promptly disconnect the battery system, and prevent battery damage.

[0030] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the battery management unit, or BMS, is also called a battery management system. Typically, a BMS includes a master control module and a slave control module. The master control module and the slave control module communicate via CAN. The slave control module is used to collect battery information collected by the first acquisition module and transmit it to the master control module via CAN communication. The master control module cuts off the power supply to the main relay based on the battery information, thereby cutting off the battery output.

[0031] Furthermore, at least part of the control module is located inside the battery compartment. Placing the control module inside the battery compartment allows for more direct monitoring of the battery status, reduces interference and delay during signal transmission, improves response speed, and enhances system stability and reliability. Simultaneously, it also prevents external pressure or impact from damaging the control module.

[0032] Specifically, the second acquisition module includes multiple acquisition units, which are connected to the battery cells in the battery box. Each battery cell is equipped with at least one acquisition unit. This configuration ensures that each battery cell can be monitored independently, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the system. It allows any abnormality in any battery cell to be detected and handled in a timely manner, preventing local faults from spreading and affecting the entire battery system.

[0033] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the second acquisition module includes a voltage acquisition unit and a temperature acquisition unit. The voltage acquisition unit includes multiple voltage sensors, each corresponding to a battery cell within the battery box, used to acquire the voltage data of the battery cells in real time. The voltage sensors are connected to a control module, which analyzes the acquired data according to preset voltage limits. Once the battery voltage exceeds the limit, the control module immediately triggers a protection mechanism, disconnecting the main relay by controlling the negative terminal of the power supply coil, thereby cutting off the power supply circuit of the battery system. The temperature acquisition unit also includes multiple temperature sensors, each responsible for monitoring the temperature of a battery cell. The temperature sensors are also connected to the control module, which determines whether the temperature data is normal based on preset temperature limits. When the battery temperature exceeds the limit, the control module also triggers a protection mechanism, disconnecting the main relay to protect the battery system.

[0034] Preferably, the second acquisition module and the control module are connected via a wiring harness. This wiring harness connection method is simple and reliable, ensuring the stability and accuracy of data transmission, reducing data transmission errors, and further improving the operational stability of the protection system.

[0035] Furthermore, the second protection device also includes an alarm module, which is electrically connected to the control module. The alarm module can immediately alert nearby personnel to abnormal battery system conditions, improving the system's early warning capabilities and personnel safety.

[0036] Specifically, the alarm module can be any one of the following: an audible and visual alarm module, a remote alarm module, or a smoke alarm module.

[0037] Optionally, the alarm module includes a buzzer. The buzzer can sound an alarm when the battery system malfunctions, alerting personnel to safety and ensuring that personnel can promptly detect abnormalities in the battery system.

[0038] Specifically, the second protection device includes a protection board on which a control module is mounted. The protection board ensures the stability and safety of the control module, while also facilitating installation and maintenance.

[0039] In one exemplary embodiment of this application, the control module on the protection board is a processor, and the protection board also includes a relay control circuit for controlling the negative terminal of the main relay of the battery system. When the processor detects abnormal data, the control circuit disconnects the relay, thereby cutting off the battery system circuit and providing protection. Optionally, an alarm module can also be integrated into the protection board. To prevent damage to the protection board, it can be placed inside the battery compartment. To enable remote notification, the protection board can also be equipped with a remote communication module, which can communicate with the vehicle's center console or the user's remote control terminal (such as a mobile phone or tablet) via wireless communication.

[0040] This application also provides a preferred embodiment of a battery protection system. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the battery protection system includes the BMS main control protection circuit and the protection board circuit.

[0041] The working principle of the BMS main control protection circuit is as follows: The BMU slave controller collects battery information through the PCB acquisition board and then transmits it to the BMS main controller through CAN communication. The BMS main controller analyzes and judges the data. When the data is normal, it cooperates with the vehicle message control relay coil positive power supply. If abnormal data occurs during battery use, it will disconnect the positive power supply of the battery system main relay coil to cut off the battery system circuit and protect the battery.

[0042] The protection board circuit is as follows: The protection board collects battery information (such as the voltage, current, and temperature of individual battery cells) through a separate circuit. The protection board independently controls the negative power supply of the main relay coil of the battery system. If the cell data is abnormal and reaches the limit value, and the BMS main controller still does not respond by cutting off the main relay of the battery system, then it will cut off the negative power supply of the main relay of the battery system, causing the main relay to disconnect and cut off the battery system circuit, thus protecting the battery.

[0043] Both the BMS main control protection circuit and the protection board circuit use independent acquisition harnesses to collect the voltage and temperature of each battery in the battery system, which plays a double role in protecting the battery. This prevents the battery protection from failing due to BMS main control failure or communication failure, which could lead to serious consequences such as fire or explosion.

[0044] In this embodiment, the threshold for the BMS main controller to disconnect the main relay of the battery system is within the normal operating range of the battery in the battery system, and the threshold for the protection board to disconnect the main relay of the battery system is the limit that the internal chemical properties of the battery can withstand (exceeding this limit will cause irreversible damage to the battery). In this way, the protection board can serve as a last resort for protection.

[0045] Furthermore, a buzzer is installed on the protection board. When the battery reaches its limit and cuts off the main relay of the battery system, a buzzing sound is emitted to alert nearby personnel that the battery system has experienced a serious abnormality, thereby better ensuring personnel safety.

[0046] According to another specific embodiment of this application, a vehicle is provided, the vehicle having a battery protection system, the battery protection system being the battery protection system in the above embodiment.

[0047] By applying the battery protection system described in the above embodiments to vehicles, the main relay of the battery system is jointly controlled by a first protection device (such as the BMS main controller) and a second protection device (such as a protection board), forming a redundant protection mechanism for the battery system. The second protection device controls the negative terminal of the battery system's coil power supply, and the BMS main controller controls the positive terminal. If protection fails at either end, the relay will disconnect, protecting the battery. Through multiple layers of battery protection, battery management module malfunctions can prevent battery damage, fire, or explosion, thus protecting the safety of personnel and property. By adopting the above battery protection system, vehicles can significantly improve their safety and reliability, reduce the risk of accidents caused by battery malfunctions, and enhance user safety and trust. Application scenarios include...

[0048] Specifically, the vehicles can be new energy vehicles, electric bicycles, electric buses, etc.

[0049] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0050] In addition to the above, it should be noted that the terms "one embodiment," "another embodiment," and "embodiment" used in this specification refer to specific features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment, which are included in at least one embodiment described in the general description of this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, the intention is to suggest that implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of this utility model.

[0051] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery protection system, characterized by, The battery protection system comprises: a first protection device, which is electrically connected with a main relay of a battery box, and is used for controlling the on-off of the main relay; a second protection device, which is electrically connected with the main relay, and is used for controlling the on-off of the main relay; wherein the first protection device and the second protection device are independently controlled.

2. The battery protection system of claim 1, wherein, The first protection device is used for controlling the on-off of the positive electrode of the main relay, and the second protection device is used for controlling the on-off of the negative electrode of the main relay.

3. The battery protection system of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first protection device comprises a battery management unit and a first acquisition module electrically connected with the battery management unit, the second protection device comprises a control module and a second acquisition module electrically connected with the control module, the first acquisition module and the second acquisition module are both used for acquiring battery information of the battery box, wherein the first acquisition module and the second acquisition module are independently controlled, and the battery management unit and the control module are independently controlled.

4. The battery protection system of claim 3, wherein, At least part of the control module is located in the battery box.

5. The battery protection system of claim 3, wherein, The second acquisition module comprises a plurality of acquisition units, the acquisition units are connected with battery units of the battery box, and each battery unit is provided with at least one acquisition unit.

6. The battery protection system of claim 3, wherein, The second acquisition module is connected with the control module through a wire harness.

7. The battery protection system of claim 3, wherein, The second protection device further comprises an alarm module, which is electrically connected with the control module.

8. The battery protection system of claim 7, wherein, The alarm module comprises a buzzer.

9. The battery protection system of claim 3, wherein, The second protection device comprises a protection board, and the control module is arranged on the protection board.

10. A vehicle having a battery protection system, characterized by The battery protection system is the battery protection system according to any one of claims 1-8.

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