Fast charging system adopting hardware communication

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fast charging system adopting hardware communication, comprising a charger and an electronic device, when the charger is inserted into the electronic device, the electronic device outputs a data signal to the charger; the charger converts a power supply voltage into a charging voltage, boosts the charging voltage and outputs the charging voltage when detecting that the data signal has positive and negative voltages, and rapidly charges the electronic equipment. Boost fast charging is carried out according to positive and negative voltages of the data signal, an existing protocol communication mode is replaced, a protocol chip and a peripheral circuit thereof in an existing charger can be removed, and cost is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic technology, and in particular to a fast charging system using hardware communication. Background Technology

[0002] Mobile phone charging technology has improved as battery capacity has increased, and fast charging has become a standard feature in mobile phones. Consequently, mobile phone charging solutions have become increasingly complex and costly. For example... Figure 1 As shown, taking a phone that supports 18W fast charging as an example, both the charger and the phone's internal charging chip need to support fast charging protocols, such as QC2.0 (Quick Charge 2.0) and PD (Power Delivery). Through communication between the two charging protocols, the charging circuit in the charger recognizes the phone's fast charging protocol and boosts the charging voltage output by the charger to achieve the fast charging effect.

[0003] The charging protocol communication in a charger is implemented by a corresponding protocol chip and its peripheral circuitry (composed of resistors, capacitors, and other components). However, the mobile phone industry is highly competitive, especially in the low-to-mid-range segment, where hardware cost is a crucial indicator of a project's success. Eliminating protocol communication and using simpler hardware circuitry to implement the communication function during charging would save costs and reduce the space occupied by the charger's circuit board.

[0004] Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and enhanced. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a fast charging system using hardware communication to solve the problem of high cost of protocol chips and their peripheral circuits in existing chargers.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A fast charging system employing hardware communication includes a charger and an electronic device. When the charger is plugged into the electronic device, the electronic device outputs a data signal to the charger. The charger converts the power supply voltage into a charging voltage, and when it detects whether the data signal has positive or negative voltage, it boosts the charging voltage and outputs it to fast charge the electronic device.

[0008] In the fast charging system employing hardware communication, the electronic device includes a motherboard, which has a first USB interface, a charging chip, a CPU, and a switching transistor. The control pin of the switching transistor is connected to the I / O port of the CPU, one transmission pin of the switching transistor receives the power supply voltage, and the other transmission pin of the switching transistor is connected to the DP pin of the charging chip.

[0009] In the fast charging system employing hardware communication, the charger includes a circuit board, on which a second USB interface, an identification circuit, and a charging control circuit are provided; the second USB interface is connected to the identification circuit and the charging control circuit, and the identification circuit is connected to the charging control circuit.

[0010] The charging control circuit converts the AC power supply voltage into a DC ordinary voltage and transmits it to the second USB interface; when the identification circuit detects that the data signal transmitted by the second USB interface has positive or negative voltage, it triggers the charging control circuit to perform a boost operation; the charging control circuit outputs the boosted fast charging voltage.

[0011] In the fast charging system employing hardware communication, the identification circuit includes an optocoupler. The anode of the optocoupler is connected to the D+ pin of the second USB interface, the cathode of the optocoupler is connected to the D- pin of the second USB interface, and the emitter and collector of the optocoupler are both connected to the charging control circuit.

[0012] In the fast charging system employing hardware communication, the identification circuit further includes a first resistor and a second resistor. One end of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the optocoupler, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor and the D+ pin of the second USB interface. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the cathode of the optocoupler and the D- pin of the second USB interface.

[0013] In the fast charging system employing hardware communication, the charging control circuit includes a modulation module, a rectification and filtering module, and a voltage regulator module; the modulation module is connected to the second USB interface and the rectification and filtering module, and the voltage regulator module is connected to the rectification and filtering module and the second USB interface.

[0014] The rectifier and filter module rectifies, filters, and transforms the input AC power supply voltage to output DC voltage.

[0015] The modulation module outputs a corresponding modulation signal according to the set parameters to control the DC voltage value. After the DC voltage is regulated by the voltage regulator module, a normal voltage is output to the second USB interface.

[0016] The modulation module also changes the duty cycle of the modulation signal according to the trigger control of the identification circuit to boost the DC voltage, and outputs the fast charging voltage to the second USB interface after being regulated by the voltage regulator module.

[0017] In the fast charging system employing hardware communication, the modulation module includes a switching chip, a first capacitor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor.

[0018] The VCC pin of the switching chip is connected to one end of the first capacitor, one end of the third resistor, and the SEL pin of the switching chip; the GND pin of the switching chip is connected to the other end of the third resistor, the other end of the first capacitor, and ground; the FB pin of the switching chip is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor, and one end of the sixth resistor; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the collector of the optocoupler, the other end of the fifth resistor and the C pin of the switching chip are both connected to the rectifier and filter module, and one end of the sixth resistor is grounded.

[0019] In the fast charging system employing hardware communication, the rectifier and filter module includes a rectifier bridge, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first diode, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a seventh resistor, and a transformer.

[0020] The first end of the rectifier bridge is connected to the live wire; the second end of the rectifier bridge is connected to one end of the first inductor and one end of the second capacitor; the third end of the rectifier bridge is connected to the neutral wire; and the fourth end of the rectifier bridge is connected to one end of the second inductor and the other end of the second capacitor. The other end of the first inductor is connected to one end of the third capacitor, one end of the seventh resistor, and the opposite-named terminal of the primary winding of the transformer. The other end of the third capacitor is connected to the other end of the second inductor and ground. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode through the fourth capacitor. The same-named terminal of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode and the C pin of the switching chip. The secondary winding of the transformer is connected to the voltage regulator module. The same-named terminal of the tertiary winding of the transformer is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor. The opposite-named terminal of the tertiary winding of the transformer is grounded.

[0021] In the fast charging system employing hardware communication, the voltage regulator module includes a synchronous rectifier, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor, and an eleventh resistor.

[0022] The VCC pin of the synchronous rectifier is connected to the NC pin and GND pin of the synchronous rectifier and the same-name terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer through the fifth capacitor; the VD pin of the synchronous rectifier is connected to the D pin of the synchronous rectifier, one end of the sixth capacitor and one end of the seventh capacitor; the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected to the GND pin of the synchronous rectifier, and the other end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the opposite-name terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer and the floating ground; one end of the eighth capacitor is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor, one end of the seventh capacitor and the V+ pin of the second USB interface; the other end of the eighth capacitor is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor, the other end of the seventh capacitor and the floating ground; the V- pin of the second USB interface is connected to the floating ground.

[0023] Compared to existing technologies, the fast charging system using hardware communication provided by this utility model includes a charger and an electronic device. When the charger is plugged into the electronic device, the electronic device outputs a data signal to the charger. The charger converts the power supply voltage into a charging voltage, and boosts the charging voltage based on the positive or negative voltage of the data signal before outputting it for fast charging of the electronic device. This method of boosting the charging voltage based on the positive or negative voltage of the data signal replaces existing protocol communication methods, eliminating the need for the protocol chip and its peripheral circuitry in existing chargers, thus saving costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the charging structure of existing chargers and mobile phones.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of the fast charging system using hardware communication provided by this utility model.

[0026] Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram of the charger provided by this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This utility model provides a fast charging system employing hardware communication. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer and more explicit, the following detailed description, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, further illustrates the utility model. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0028] Please see Figure 2 The fast charging system using hardware communication provided by this utility model includes a charger 10 and an electronic device 20. When the charger 10 (connected via a USB data cable) is plugged into the electronic device 20, the electronic device 20 outputs data signals (i.e., DP and DM signals in the USB signal) to the charger 10. The charger 10 converts the power supply voltage into a charging voltage. When it detects positive and negative voltages in the data signals (i.e., the DP signal is pulled up to a high level and the DM signal is grounded to a low level), it boosts the charging voltage and outputs it to fast charge the electronic device 20.

[0029] The electronic device 20 includes a motherboard with a charging circuit, a CPU, and a first USB interface J1 (e.g., Type-C). The charging circuit consists of a charging chip and its peripheral circuitry. Taking a mobile phone as an example, the DP pin of the charging chip is connected to the D+ pin of the first USB interface J1 via a resistor Ra to transmit the DP signal. An improvement in this embodiment is the addition of a switching transistor Qa to the DP pin of the charging chip. The control pin 1 of the switching transistor Qa is connected to the CPU's I / O port, one transmission pin 2 of the switching transistor Qa receives the supply voltage V1, and the other transmission pin 3 of the switching transistor Qa is connected to the DP pin of the charging chip. If the switching transistor Qa is preferably a PNP transistor, then the control pin 1 is the base of the transistor, one transmission pin 2 is the collector of the transistor, and the other transmission pin 3 is the emitter of the transistor. If the switching transistor Qa is preferably a PMOS transistor, then the control pin 1 is the gate of the MOS transistor, one transmission pin 2 is the source of the MOS transistor, and the other transmission pin 3 is the drain of the MOS transistor.

[0030] When the charger 10 is inserted, the peripheral identification process inside the phone follows existing technology. The phone's charging chip detects a 5V voltage input and completes BC1.2 charging protocol detection through data signals transmitted on the D+ and D- pins. After confirming the inserted peripheral is a charger, the charging chip sends an identification signal to the CPU, indicating that a charger is connected. The improvement in this embodiment is that after the CPU confirms the charger is inserted, its I / O port outputs a low-level CTRL to control the switch Qa to conduct. The conducting switch Qa loads the supply voltage V1 (e.g., 3V or 2.8V) onto the DP signal. The DM signal is grounded by default, thus the DP signal becomes high and the DM signal becomes low. When transmitted to the charger's second USB interface J2, the DP signal is transmitted to the D+ pin and is high, while the DM signal is transmitted to the D- pin and is low, creating a voltage difference. When the charger 10 does not receive positive or negative voltage data signals, it charges using the initially converted charging voltage. Upon receiving this voltage difference, the charger 10 triggers a boost function, replacing the existing protocol communication method and converting ordinary functions into fast charging functions.

[0031] Please refer to the following: Figure 3The charger 10 includes a circuit board on which a second USB interface J2, an identification circuit 11, and a charging control circuit 12 are provided. The second USB interface J2 is connected to the identification circuit 11 and the charging control circuit 12, and the identification circuit 11 is connected to the charging control circuit 12. The charging control circuit 12 converts the input AC power supply voltage into a DC ordinary voltage and transmits it to the charging pins (V+ and V-) on the second USB interface J2. When the identification circuit 11 detects that the data signal transmitted by the second USB interface J2 has positive and negative voltage, it triggers the charging control circuit 12 to perform a boost operation. The charging control circuit 12 outputs the boosted fast charging voltage.

[0032] This embodiment is primarily applicable to electronic devices supporting 18W charging. By adding a switching transistor Qa to the existing circuitry of the electronic device, after the charger is inserted, a 2.8V or 3V supply voltage V1 is applied to the DP signal line of the USB interface. Combined with the default low level of the DM signal, the positive and negative voltage data signals are output to the charger. This forms a current loop between the DP and DM signals on the electronic device and the charger. Upon detection by the identification circuit 11, the boost function of the charging control circuit 12 is triggered, switching to fast charging mode. This is equivalent to using positive and negative voltage data signals to replace the existing charging protocol communication. For electronic devices without 18W fast charging capability, there is no need to add the switching transistor Qa. After the charger is inserted, there are no positive or negative voltage data signals, and the charger maintains its current normal voltage output to achieve normal functionality. Replacing the complex protocol chip and its peripheral circuits with a simple identification circuit 11 saves costs and reduces the space occupied by the circuit board in the charger.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the identification circuit 11 includes an optocoupler P. The anode 1 of the optocoupler P is connected to the D+ pin of the second USB interface J2, the cathode 2 of the optocoupler P is connected to the D- pin of the second USB interface J2, and the emitter 3 and collector 4 of the optocoupler P are both connected to the charging control circuit 12.

[0034] The optocoupler P is preferably a CT1019 or EL1019. When the input DP signal is high and the DM signal is low, the optocoupler P is turned on, triggering the charging control circuit 12. When there is no DP or DM signal input, the optocoupler P is turned off, and it has no control over the charging control circuit 12. It should be understood that the charger does not transmit data with the electronic device during charging. There is no data transmission on the DP and DM signals, and therefore no level change. Thus, it will not affect the triggering during fast charging, and the opening and closing of the optocoupler will not be falsely triggered.

[0035] Preferably, the identification circuit 11 further includes a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2. One end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the anode 1 of the optocoupler P, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to one end of the second resistor R2 and the D+ pin of the second USB interface J2. The other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the cathode 2 of the optocoupler P and the D- pin of the second USB interface J2.

[0036] The first resistor R1 is preferably 33 RΩ, and the second resistor R2 is preferably 470 RΩ. R1 and R2 are used for current limiting and voltage division, thus protecting the optocoupler.

[0037] The charging control circuit 12 includes a modulation module 121, a rectification and filtering module 122, and a voltage regulator module 123. The modulation module 121 is connected to the second USB interface J2 and the rectification and filtering module 122, and the voltage regulator module 123 is connected to the rectification and filtering module 122 and the second USB interface J2. The rectification and filtering module 122 rectifies, filters, and transforms the input AC power supply voltage to output a DC voltage. The modulation module 121 outputs a corresponding modulation signal according to the set parameters to control the DC voltage value. The DC voltage is regulated by the voltage regulator module 123 and then output as a normal voltage to the second USB interface. The modulation module 121 also changes the duty cycle of the modulation signal according to the trigger control of the identification circuit 11 to boost the DC voltage. After being regulated by the voltage regulator module 123, the DC voltage is output as a fast charging voltage to the second USB interface.

[0038] Please continue reading. Figure 3 The modulation module 121 includes a switch chip U1, a first capacitor C1, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, and a sixth resistor R6. The VCC pin of the switch chip U1 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C1, one end of the three resistors R3, and the SEL pin of the switch chip U1. The GND pin of the switch chip U1 is connected to the other end of the third resistor R3, the other end of the first capacitor C1, and ground. The FB pin of the switch chip U1 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R4, one end of the fifth resistor R5, and one end of the sixth resistor R6. The other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the collector 4 of the optocoupler. The other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the C pin of the switch chip U1 are both connected to the rectifier and filter module 122. One end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded.

[0039] The preferred model of the switch chip U1 is LP3716CD. The preferred resistance values ​​of the third resistor R3 are 620KΩ, the fourth resistor R4 are 12.7KΩ, the fifth resistor R5 are 59KΩ, and the sixth resistor R6 are 6.2KΩ. When there are no DP or DM signals input, the optocoupler P is cut off. At this time, the feedback resistance value on the FB pin of the switch chip U1 is the value of R6, i.e., 6.2KΩ. Based on the preset feedback voltage, the C pin of the switch chip U1 outputs a modulated signal of a periodic pulse waveform with a 2.5% duty cycle. When the DP signal is high and the DM signal is low, optocoupler P is on, and resistors R4 and R6 are connected in parallel. At this time, the feedback resistor value on the FB pin of switch chip U1 is the resistance of the parallel combination of R4 and R6, which is 4.16KΩ. Switch chip U1 detects the change in the feedback resistor value and adjusts its internal duty cycle according to the 4.16KΩ value, resulting in a 3.75% duty cycle modulation signal, thus achieving voltage boost. It is important to understand that the duty cycle can be set according to requirements, as long as it meets the charging and voltage boosting requirements.

[0040] The rectifier and filter module 122 includes a rectifier bridge BD, a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a first diode D1, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C4, a seventh resistor R7, and a transformer. The first terminal of the rectifier bridge BD is connected to the live wire L; the second terminal of the rectifier bridge BD is connected to one end of the first inductor L1 and one end of the second capacitor C2; the third terminal of the rectifier bridge BD is connected to the neutral wire N; and the fourth terminal of the rectifier bridge BD is connected to one end of the second inductor L2 and the other end of the second capacitor C2. The other end of the first inductor L1 is connected to the third capacitor C3. One end of the transformer is connected to the opposite end of the primary winding T1A of the transformer; the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the other end of the second inductor L2 and ground; the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D1 through the fourth capacitor C4; the same-named end of the primary winding T1A of the transformer is connected to the positive terminal of the first diode D1 and the C pin of the switching chip U1; the secondary winding T1B of the transformer is connected to the voltage regulator module 123; the same-named end of the tertiary winding T1C of the transformer is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor R5; and the opposite-named end of the tertiary winding T1C of the transformer is grounded.

[0041] The 220V AC power supply voltage input by the live wire L and the neutral wire N is rectified by the rectifier bridge BD and filtered by L1, L2, C2, and C3 to become DC power; R7, C4, and D1 form a spike absorption unit to absorb voltage pulses.

[0042] Preferably, the rectifier and filter module 122 further includes a fuse F1, a thermistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a tenth resistor R10; the fuse F1 is connected between the first terminal of the rectifier bridge BD and the live wire L, the thermistor R8 is connected between the third terminal of the rectifier bridge BD and the neutral wire N, one end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the other end of the first inductor L1, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the negative terminal of the first diode D1, and the tenth resistor R10 is connected in parallel with the seventh resistor R7.

[0043] Among them, F1 provides short-circuit protection, R8 provides overheat protection, and R9 and R10 work together with the spike absorption unit to improve the ability to absorb voltage pulses and protect the subsequent circuits.

[0044] The voltage regulator module 123 includes a synchronous rectifier U2, a fifth capacitor C5, a sixth capacitor C6, a seventh capacitor C7, an eighth capacitor C8, and an eleventh resistor R11. The VCC pin of the synchronous rectifier U2 is connected to the NC pin and GND pin of the synchronous rectifier U2, and the corresponding terminal of the secondary winding T1B of the transformer, via the fifth capacitor C5. The VD pin of the synchronous rectifier U2 is connected to the D pin of the synchronous rectifier U2, one end of the sixth capacitor C6, and one end of the seventh capacitor C7. The sixth capacitor... The other end of C6 is connected to the GND pin of the synchronous rectifier U2; the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 is connected to the opposite-name terminal of the secondary winding T1B of the transformer and the floating ground FGND; one end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to one end of the eleventh resistor R11, one end of the seventh capacitor C7, and the V+ pin of the second USB interface J2; the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 is connected to the other end of the eleventh resistor R11, the other end of the seventh capacitor C7, and the floating ground FGND; the V- pin of the second USB interface J2 is connected to the floating ground FGND.

[0045] The synchronous rectifier U2 is preferably of model LP10R060, whose high efficiency helps reduce energy loss during charging and improve overall charging efficiency. Floating ground FGND is the ground at the rear end of the transformer, and GND is the ground at the front end of the transformer; these two grounds are isolated.

[0046] Preferably, the voltage regulator module 123 further includes a twelfth resistor R12 and a thirteenth resistor R13; the twelfth resistor R12 is connected between the VD pin and the D pin of the synchronous rectifier U2, and the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected between the GND pin of the synchronous rectifier U2 and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6. The twelfth resistor R12 and the thirteenth resistor R13 are external matching circuits for the LP10R060, mainly used to supply power to the LP10R060 during operation.

[0047] This embodiment eliminates the protocol chip and its peripheral circuitry in the charger, using an optocoupler to identify the charging type of the electronic device. A switching transistor is added to the electronic device supporting 18W fast charging to change the high and low levels of the DP signal, without altering the voltage of the DP signal in ordinary electronic devices. Therefore, when the charger is plugged into an electronic device supporting ordinary charging, the optocoupler P is off, and the modulation signal output by the switching chip U1 controls the transformer to output a normal 5V voltage to the second USB port. When the charger is plugged into an electronic device supporting fast charging, the DP signal is high and the DM signal is low, controlling the optocoupler P to conduct. This changes the feedback resistor value on the FB pin of the switching chip U1, causing the switching chip U1 to adjust its internal duty cycle to perform a boost operation, thus boosting the 5V, 2A normal voltage to a 7.5V fast charging voltage. The charger's maximum current output can be 2.4A; 7.5V and 2.4A equals 18W of power output, thereby providing 18W fast charging to the electronic device.

[0048] In summary, the fast charging system using hardware communication provided by this utility model replaces the existing protocol chip and its peripheral circuits with an optocoupler in the charger. A switching transistor is added to the electronic device that supports 18W charging to apply voltage to the DP signal in the USB data channel. The DP signal is used to control whether the optocoupler is turned on, thereby changing the feedback resistance value on the FB pin of the switching chip, and thus outputting the corresponding modulation signal. This allows for automatic switching between normal charging and fast charging, compatibility with electronic devices with different charging types, and also saves component costs and reduces the space occupied by the circuit board in the charger.

[0049] It should be understood that the application of this utility model is not limited to the examples above. Those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fast charging system employing hardware communication, comprising a charger and an electronic device, characterized in that, When the charger is inserted into the electronic device, the electronic device outputs a data signal to the charger; the charger converts the power supply voltage into a charging voltage, detects the positive and negative voltage of the data signal, and outputs the charging voltage after boosting, thereby fast charging the electronic device; The electronic device comprises a mainboard, wherein the mainboard is provided with a first USB interface, a charging chip, a CPU and a switch tube; the control pin of the switch tube is connected to the IO port of the CPU, one transmission pin of the switch tube inputs the power supply voltage, and the other transmission pin of the switch tube is connected to the DP pin of the charging chip; The charger comprises a circuit board, wherein the circuit board is provided with a second USB interface, an identification circuit and a charging control circuit; the second USB interface is connected to the identification circuit and the charging control circuit, and the identification circuit is connected to the charging control circuit; The charging control circuit converts the alternating power supply voltage into a direct common voltage and transmits the common voltage to the second USB interface; when the identification circuit detects the positive and negative voltage of the data signal transmitted by the second USB interface, the charging control circuit is triggered to perform a boosting operation; the charging control circuit outputs the fast charging voltage after boosting. The identification circuit comprises an optocoupler, wherein the anode of the optocoupler is connected to the D+ pin of the second USB interface, the cathode of the optocoupler is connected to the D- pin of the second USB interface, and the emitter and the collector of the optocoupler are both connected to the charging control circuit.

2. The fast charging system with hardware communication of claim 1, wherein, The identification circuit further comprises a first resistor and a second resistor, wherein one end of the first resistor is connected to the anode of the optocoupler, the other end of the first resistor is connected to one end of the second resistor and the D+ pin of the second USB interface, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the cathode of the optocoupler and the D- pin of the second USB interface.

3. The fast charging system with hardware communication of claim 1, wherein, The charging control circuit comprises a modulation module, a rectification and filtering module and a voltage stabilizing module; the modulation module is connected to the second USB interface and the rectification and filtering module, and the voltage stabilizing module is connected to the rectification and filtering module and the second USB interface; The rectification and filtering module rectifies, filters and transforms the input alternating power supply voltage to output a direct voltage; The modulation module outputs a corresponding modulation signal according to the set parameters to control the voltage value of the direct voltage, and the direct voltage is stabilized by the voltage stabilizing module to output a common voltage to the second USB interface; The modulation module further changes the duty cycle of the modulation signal according to the triggering control of the identification circuit to boost the direct voltage, and outputs a fast charging voltage to the second USB interface after the voltage is stabilized by the voltage stabilizing module.

4. The fast charging system with hardware communication of claim 3, wherein, The modulation module comprises a switch chip, a first capacitor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor and a sixth resistor; The VCC pin of the switch chip is connected to one end of the first capacitor, one end of the third resistor and the SEL pin of the switch chip; the GND pin of the switch chip is connected to the other end of the third resistor, the other end of the first capacitor and the ground; the FB pin of the switch chip is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor and one end of the sixth resistor; the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the collector of the optocoupler, the other end of the fifth resistor and the C pin of the switch chip are both connected to the rectification and filtering module, and one end of the sixth resistor is grounded.

5. The fast charging system with hardware communication of claim 4, wherein, The rectification and filtering module comprises a rectification bridge, a first inductor, a second inductor, a first diode, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a seventh resistor and a transformer; The first end of the rectifier bridge is connected with a live wire end, the second end of the rectifier bridge is connected with one end of a first inductor and one end of a second capacitor, the third end of the rectifier bridge is connected with a zero wire end, the fourth end of the rectifier bridge is connected with one end of a second inductor and the other end of the second capacitor; the other end of the first inductor is connected with one end of a third capacitor, one end of a seventh resistor and a same-name end of a primary winding of a transformer; the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the other end of the second inductor and the ground, the other end of the seventh resistor is connected with the negative electrode of a first diode through a fourth capacitor, the same-name end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected with the positive electrode of the first diode and the C pin of a switch chip, the secondary winding of the transformer is connected with a voltage stabilizing module, the same-name end of a tertiary winding of the transformer is connected with the other end of a fifth resistor, and the opposite-name end of the tertiary winding of the transformer is grounded.

6. The fast charging system with hardware communication of claim 5, wherein, The voltage stabilizing module comprises a synchronous rectifier, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, a seventh capacitor, an eighth capacitor and an eleventh resistor; the VCC pin of the synchronous rectifier is connected with the NC pin of the synchronous rectifier, the GND pin of the synchronous rectifier and the same-name end of the secondary winding of the transformer through the fifth capacitor; the VD pin of the synchronous rectifier is connected with the D pin of the synchronous rectifier, one end of the sixth capacitor and one end of the seventh capacitor; the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected with the GND pin of the synchronous rectifier, the other end of the seventh capacitor is connected with the opposite-name end of the secondary winding of the transformer and a floating ground; one end of the eighth capacitor is connected with one end of the eleventh resistor, one end of the seventh capacitor and the V+ pin of a second USB interface; the other end of the eighth capacitor is connected with the other end of the eleventh resistor, the other end of the seventh capacitor and the floating ground; and the V- pin of the second USB interface is connected with the floating ground.

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