Packaging adhesive film and photovoltaic module
By setting a central area and an edge area in the encapsulation film, and using different materials and complementary connection structures, the problem of water vapor intrusion at the edges of double-glass modules was solved, achieving an economical and efficient water vapor barrier effect, reducing encapsulation costs and simplifying the manufacturing process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
Existing photovoltaic module encapsulation films suffer from high costs or low light transmittance in terms of blocking moisture, especially at the edges of double-glass modules where they are difficult to effectively block moisture intrusion. Furthermore, existing solutions struggle to balance cost-effectiveness and water-blocking performance.
Design an encapsulation film including a central region and an edge region. The central region uses a material with low cost but high water vapor permeability, while the edge region uses a material with low water vapor permeability but high cost. By setting complementary shapes of the connecting structures in the edge region, a multi-layer structure is formed to improve the water vapor barrier performance, while ensuring the overall thickness consistency and connection strength of the film.
This approach effectively prevents moisture from entering from the edges of double-glass photovoltaic modules while reducing encapsulation costs, thus improving the modules' moisture barrier capabilities, avoiding winding problems caused by uneven thickness, and simplifying the manufacturing process.
Smart Images
Figure CN223983607U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to an encapsulating film and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology
[0002] With the booming development of the photovoltaic industry, new types of photovoltaic cells are constantly emerging, such as perovskite, heterojunction, and TOPCon crystalline silicon cells. They all have a common characteristic: they are sensitive to moisture in the environment, are easily corroded, and cause a decrease in module power.
[0003] In the related technologies of encapsulation films, the mainstream approach is to improve the overall water vapor transmission rate of the encapsulation film. This includes: using a main resin material with higher water resistance, or making a multi-layer encapsulation film containing a high water resistance layer. Such solutions often have high raw material and production costs and lack competitive advantage. Alternatively, water-resistant fillers can be added to improve the overall water resistance of the encapsulation film. However, water-resistant fillers usually reduce the light transmittance of the encapsulation film. If the film is used on the front of a photovoltaic module, it will reduce the initial power of the module.
[0004] From a structural perspective, double-glass modules, due to the use of impermeable glass for the front and back panels, eliminate the issue of moisture penetration on the front and back of the photovoltaic module. However, there is still a risk of moisture penetration at the edges of the glass. If both the front and back of the cells in the module are encapsulated with POE film, although POE has a relatively low moisture permeability and can effectively prevent moisture from entering from all sides of the module, resulting in better resistance to damp heat degradation, there are issues such as the high cost of POE resin and the high encapsulation cost. Currently, in the context of the entire photovoltaic industry striving for efficiency and cost reduction, few photovoltaic module companies use double POE film to encapsulate double-glass photovoltaic modules.
[0005] It is evident that the water-blocking performance requirements for photovoltaic modules vary in different regions, thus necessitating the search for encapsulation solutions that balance economic efficiency and barrier performance. Utility Model Content
[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an encapsulation film that can achieve both low encapsulation costs and prevent moisture from penetrating from the edges of a double-glass photovoltaic module.
[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows:
[0008] One aspect of this application provides an encapsulating film, which includes a central region and an edge region; the central region extends along a length direction; the edge region is configured to be embedded and connected to at least two sides of the central region parallel to the length direction, and the absolute value of the difference between the thickness of the edge region and the thickness of the central region is 0-0.2 mm.
[0009] Furthermore, the central area has a projection along the thickness direction onto the plane of the encapsulating film, and the two edge areas have projections along the thickness direction onto the plane of the encapsulating film. The area of the overlapping part of the projection of the central area and the projection of the edge areas is basically 0.
[0010] Furthermore, the water vapor transmission rate in the edge region is lower than that in the central region.
[0011] Furthermore, the water vapor permeability in the edge region is 1-6 g / (m²). 2 ·24h),
[0012] Water vapor transmission rate in the central area is 6-50 g / (m²). 2 •24h).
[0013] Furthermore, the central region is one of an EVA film layer or a multilayer structure film formed by an EVA film layer and a POE film layer, and the edge region is a POE film layer.
[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the central region is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm, and the thickness of the edge region is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm;
[0015] In the width direction of the encapsulating film, the width of the edge area is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 300 mm.
[0016] Furthermore, the central region includes a first connecting portion, which is disposed at least on both sides of the central region parallel to the length direction, and the edge region includes a second connecting portion for inlay connection to the first connecting portion; the second connecting portion of one edge region and the second connecting portion of the other edge region are configured to be complementary in shape.
[0017] Furthermore, the central region includes a first connecting portion, which is disposed on at least two sides of the central region parallel to the length direction. The edge region includes a second connecting portion with a shape complementary to the first connecting portion. The first connecting portion is provided with a protrusion, which has a protrusion projection on the plane of the encapsulating film along the thickness direction. The shape of the protrusion projection is formed by at least one of a straight line or a curve.
[0018] Furthermore, the shape of the convex projection is at least one of the following: T-shaped, mushroom-shaped, arrow-shaped, trapezoidal, triangle, quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal, circular, or fan-shaped, or at least one of the derived shapes based on the above basic shapes.
[0019] Furthermore, a transition zone is included between the central area and the edge area, and the material of the transition zone is at least one of EVA resin or POE resin.
[0020] This application also provides a photovoltaic module, which includes the aforementioned encapsulating film.
[0021] Furthermore, in photovoltaic modules, the encapsulating film used has an edge area around its central area.
[0022] Therefore, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0023] 1. This application provides edge regions on both sides of a central region in the encapsulating film. The central region can be made of a material with low cost and low water vapor permeability requirements, while the edge regions can be made of a material with low water vapor permeability but high cost. The combination of the two materials in different regions can ensure the water vapor barrier performance of the encapsulating film edges, improve the water vapor barrier capability of the four edges of the double glass module, and reduce the overall cost of the encapsulating film.
[0024] 2. The thickness of the central area and the edge area in this application is basically the same, which can ensure that the film can be wound normally and avoid problems such as poor winding quality or even failure to wind properly due to uneven thickness;
[0025] 3. In this application, the edge area is connected to the center area by an inlay method, which can improve the connection strength between the edge area and the center area. The transition area between the center area and the edge area can further prevent the edge area from falling off or separating from the center area when using the encapsulating film.
[0026] 4. In this application, the central area and the edge area do not overlap significantly, which reduces the difficulty of assembling the central area and the edge area and lowers the manufacturing cost. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the encapsulating film in one embodiment of this application;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the central region and the edge region in the encapsulating film according to one embodiment of this application;
[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A top view of the encapsulating film;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of two edge regions in the encapsulating film according to another embodiment of this application;
[0031] Figures 5 to 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of different shaped protrusions in the central area in the embodiments of this application;
[0032] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulating film structure in one embodiment of this application;
[0033] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to one embodiment of this application;
[0034] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the encapsulating film used in a photovoltaic module according to one embodiment of this application.
[0035] In the figure: encapsulating film 100, central area 11, first connecting part 111, protrusion 1111, groove 1112, edge area 12, second connecting part 121, transition area 13, photovoltaic module 200, front glass 21, cell layer 22, and back glass 23. Detailed Implementation
[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0037] This application provides an embodiment of, as follows: Figure 1 The encapsulating film 100 shown is used to encapsulate photovoltaic modules. Specifically, the encapsulating film 100 is used to encapsulate double-glass photovoltaic modules and can prevent moisture from entering the interior of the photovoltaic module from the edges of the double-glass photovoltaic module.
[0038] To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following definitions are provided: Figure 1 The directions shown are front, back, left, right, up, and down.
[0039] In this application, the length direction of the encapsulating film 100 refers to... Figure 1 The front-to-back direction in the encapsulation film 100 refers to the width direction. Figure 1 The left-right direction in the encapsulation film 100 refers to the thickness direction. Figure 1 The up and down directions within. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the encapsulating film 100 includes a central region 11 and edge regions 12, specifically one central region 11 and two edge regions 12. The two edge regions 12 are configured to be at least embedded and connected to both sides of the central region 11 parallel to its length direction. In this application, when viewing the encapsulating film 100 along its thickness direction, the two sides of the central region 11 have a certain non-flat shape or structure, while the edge regions 12 have complementary shapes or structures that cooperate with the two sides of the central region 11. Based on the certain non-flat shape or structure on both sides of the central region 11, the surface of the central region 11 in the width direction can be a completely flat surface, or it can further have a surface with some protrusions or grooves to further enhance the connection between the central region 11 and the edge regions 12.
[0040] After the edge region 12 is inlaid and connected to both sides of the central region 11, the edge region 12 and the central region 11 can fit perfectly, with only unavoidable structural traces between them. The central region 11 extends along the length direction, which is also the extension direction of the encapsulating film 100, or the length direction of the encapsulating film 100. The edge regions 12 are located on both sides of the central region 11, that is, the edge regions 12 also extend along the length direction. The absolute value of the thickness difference between the edge region 12 and the central region 11 is in the range of 0-0.2mm, which makes the thickness of the edge region 12 basically the same as the thickness of the central region 11, that is, the thickness of each area of the encapsulating film 100 is basically the same. In this application, the structure of the encapsulating film 100 is basically flat, without any relatively thick or thin areas. The uniform thickness of the encapsulating film 100 facilitates the winding, storage and transportation of the film, avoiding the problem of being unable to wind properly due to uneven film thickness.
[0041] It should be understood that encapsulating film manufacturers primarily produce encapsulating films in rolls, while module manufacturers cut the encapsulating film 100 according to actual needs before applying it to photovoltaic module encapsulation. The encapsulating film 100 produced by the encapsulating film manufacturers only has the aforementioned edge regions 12 on the two long sides of the encapsulating film, and cannot estimate the positions of the short sides at both ends of the encapsulating film 100. The aforementioned edge regions 12 at the short sides at both ends of the encapsulating film 100 still need to be set by the module manufacturers, but this setting can still greatly reduce the overall encapsulation and manufacturing cost of photovoltaic modules.
[0042] As an optional implementation, a thickness direction perpendicular to the plane of the encapsulating film 100 is defined, which is also the thickness direction of the encapsulating film 100. The central region 11 has a projection along this thickness direction onto the plane of the encapsulating film 100, and the two edge regions 12 have projections along this thickness direction onto the plane of the encapsulating film 100. The overlapping area of the projections of the central region 11 and the edge regions 12 is essentially zero. This essentially means that, except for unavoidable reasons during manufacturing, the central region 11 and the edge regions 12 do not overlap substantially in the thickness direction. The non-overlapping of the central region 11 and the edge regions 12 simplifies the interlocking structure of the central region 11 and the edge regions 12, simplifies the manufacturing process and reduces manufacturing costs, and avoids the thickness increase problem caused by the overlap of the central region 11 and the edge regions 12, thus preventing uneven thickness in the encapsulating film 100 that could lead to poor winding.
[0043] As an optional implementation, the water vapor transmission rate of the edge region 12 is lower than that of the center region 11. In a double-glass module, although water vapor is difficult to penetrate from the front and back glass of the photovoltaic module 200, it is still relatively easy for water vapor to penetrate into the interior of the photovoltaic module 200 from its periphery and frame, causing corrosion. In this embodiment, the edge region 12 located at the edge of the encapsulating film 100 is made of a material with low water vapor transmission rate, which can block water vapor from penetrating the photovoltaic module 200 from its periphery and frame. At the same time, since water vapor cannot penetrate from the front and back of the double-glass module, the center region 11 located at the center of the encapsulating film 100 can be made of a material with poor water vapor barrier performance but lower cost. The edge region 12 with low water vapor transmission rate and the center region 11 with slightly higher water vapor transmission rate work together to solve the problem of water vapor easily penetrating from the periphery and frame of the double-glass module, while also ensuring a lower manufacturing cost.
[0044] As an optional implementation, the water vapor permeability of the edge region 12 is 1-6 g / (m²). 2 •24h), the water vapor transmission rate of the central area 11 is 6-50g / (m²). 2 (24h). The water vapor transmission rate in this application is measured by the infrared detector method in GB / T26253-2010 "Determination of Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Plastic Films and Sheets" standard, with test conditions of 38℃ and 90%RH. Maintaining the water vapor transmission rate of the edge region 12 within the above range enhances the water vapor barrier capability of the edge portion of the encapsulating film 100. After the encapsulating film 100 is encapsulated with other components to form a photovoltaic module, it also enhances the water vapor barrier capability around the photovoltaic module, preventing water vapor from entering the photovoltaic module from its periphery. Maintaining the water vapor transmission rate of the central region 11 within the above range ensures the overall water vapor barrier capability of the encapsulating film 100.
[0045] As an optional implementation, the central region 11 is either an EVA film layer or a multilayer structure film formed by an EVA film layer and a POE film layer, while the edge region 12 is a POE film layer. Although the EVA film layer has poorer water vapor barrier performance compared to the POE film layer, it has a lower cost. Using an EVA film layer as the central region 11 of the encapsulating film 100 can reduce manufacturing costs. Although the multilayer structure film formed by the EVA film layer and the POE film layer also contains some POE film layer, it still has a certain cost advantage compared to a pure POE film layer. At the same time, this multilayer structure film also has relatively better water vapor barrier performance compared to a pure EVA film layer. Specifically, the multilayer structure film formed by the EVA film layer and the POE film layer can be an EPE three-layer structure formed by a POE film layer and EVA film layers on both sides, or an EP two-layer structure formed by a POE film layer and an EVA film layer. Since the edge region 12 in this embodiment is located at the edge of the central region 11 and the width of the edge region 12 is not large, the POE film layer can be directly used as the edge region 12, which can meet the requirements for the water vapor barrier performance of the edge region 12. At the same time, the cost increase for the encapsulation film 100 as a whole is relatively small, and it has a high cost performance.
[0046] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the thickness H1 of the central region 11 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm, and the thickness H2 of the edge region 12 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm. The thickness of the encapsulating film 100 in this application is basically similar to other existing encapsulating films; it only needs to ensure that the thickness of the central region 11 and the edge region 12 are basically the same. This ensures the normal winding of the encapsulating film 100, allowing the encapsulating film 100 in this application to be produced and wound for packaging at the film manufacturer, reducing the pre-encapsulation processing steps at the module manufacturer, improving production efficiency, and reducing production costs. The thickness of the encapsulating film 100 is in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, which is a relatively common thickness range and can meet the encapsulation requirements of most double-glass photovoltaic modules 200.
[0047] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, in the width direction of the encapsulating film 100, the width W of the edge region 12 is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 300 mm. The encapsulating film 100 in this application is mainly used in double-glass modules to prevent moisture from seeping into the photovoltaic module 200 through the perimeter and frame of the double-glass module. Therefore, the width of the edge region 12 does not need to be very wide to achieve good moisture barrier performance. When the width of the edge region 12 is greater than or equal to 10 mm, the encapsulating film 100 in this embodiment can effectively achieve the moisture barrier effect.
[0048] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 3As shown, the central region 11 includes a first connecting portion 111, which is disposed at least on both sides of the central region 11 parallel to the length direction. The edge region 12 includes a second connecting portion 121 for embedding and connecting to the first connecting portion 111. Figure 4 As shown, the second connecting portion 121 of one edge region 12 and the second connecting portion 121 of another edge region 12 are configured to have complementary shapes. During the fabrication process of the encapsulating film 100 of this application, the sides of the central region 11 and the sides of the edge regions 12 need to be cut, so that the two sides of the central region 11 form first connecting portions 111 with a certain shape, while one side of the edge region 12 forms a second connecting portion 121 whose shape is complementary to the first connecting portion 111. When the second connecting portion 121 of one edge region 12 and the second connecting portion 121 of another edge region 12 have complementary shapes, the two edge regions 12 can be obtained by cutting the same complete film material in half, and a pair of edge regions 12 can be obtained in one process. This method of obtaining and processing the edge regions 12 avoids the generation of residual scraps, avoids waste of raw materials, and also improves the convenience and efficiency of obtaining and processing the edge regions 12.
[0049] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 5 As shown, the central region 11 includes a first connecting portion 111, which is at least disposed on both sides of the central region 11 parallel to the length direction. The edge region 12 includes a second connecting portion 121 whose shape is complementary to that of the first connecting portion 111. The first connecting portion 111 is provided with a protrusion 1111 protruding along the width direction and a groove 1112 formed on at least one side of the protrusion 1111 along the width direction. The protrusion 1111 has a projection of the protrusion 1111 along the thickness direction on the plane where the encapsulating film 100 is located. The projection of the protrusion 1111 is one of a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon, ... an n-sided polygon, where n is an integer greater than 3. Alternatively, the projection of the protrusion 1111 is a shape formed by at least one curve and at least one straight line, or the projection of the protrusion 1111 is a shape formed by at least one curve. Furthermore, the shape of the projection of the protrusion 1111 is at least one of the following: T-shape, mushroom shape, arrow shape, trapezoid, triangle, quadrilateral, pentagon, hexagon, circle, or sector, or at least one of the derivative shapes based on the above basic shapes. The shapes of the first connecting part 111 and the second connecting part 121 can be selected according to actual production needs, as long as the first connecting part 111 and the second connecting part 121 are complementary in shape. Specifically, in the first connecting part 111, the protrusion 1111 has a projection of the protrusion 1111 along the thickness direction on the plane where the encapsulating film 100 is located, and the shape of the projection of the protrusion 1111 is as follows: Figure 5 The T-shape shown, such as Figure 6 The mushroom shape shown, such as Figure 7 The arrow shape shown, such as Figure 8 and Figure 9The trapezoid shown, such as Figure 10 The triangle shown, such as Figure 11 The quadrilateral shown, such as Figure 12 The pentagon shown, such as Figure 13 The hexagon shown, such as Figure 14 The circular derivative shape shown, such as Figure 15 The fan-shaped derivative shape shown or such Figure 16 The shape shown is formed by a straight line and a curve. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application only list some common shapes of protrusion structures, and are not an exhaustive list of protrusion structure shapes. Any protrusion structure that can make the central area 11 and the edge area 12 interlock and connect can be applied to this application.
[0050] As an optional implementation method, such as Figure 17 As shown, a transition region 13 is also included between the central region 11 and the edge region 12. The transition region 13 is made of one or a mixture of two of the materials used in the central region 11 and the edge region 12. In the preparation process of the encapsulating film 100 of this application, especially when connecting the edge region 12 to the central region 11, the edge region 12 can be adhered to both sides of the central region 11, and then the edge region 12 and the central region 11 can be connected together to form a whole by means of hot pressing or the like. Similarly, after the edge region 12 is adhered to both sides of the central region 11, a material made of at least one of the materials used in the central region 11 and the edge region 12 can be used to fill the gap between the edge region 12 and the central region 11, and the transition region 13 can be formed through processes such as pressing and cooling. Furthermore, the edge region 12 and the central region 11 can be directly connected into a whole through this transition region 13. When the material of the transition area 13 is selected from at least one of the materials used in the central area 11 or the materials used in the second edge area 12, the connection strength between the edge area 12 and the central area 11 can be enhanced.
[0051] As an optional implementation, the transition zone 13 is one or a mixture of two of the following: EVA film material and POE film material. The material of the transition zone 13 is selected from at least one of the materials used in the central zone 11 or the second edge zone 12. When the material used in the central zone 11 is EVA or EPE and the material used in the second edge zone 12 is POE, the material of the transition zone 13 can be selected accordingly from at least one of the following: EVA film material or POE film material.
[0052] This application embodiment also provides a photovoltaic module 200, which includes the aforementioned encapsulating film 100. Specifically, as... Figure 18As shown, the photovoltaic module 200 includes a front glass layer 21, a cell layer 22, and a rear glass layer 23. The aforementioned encapsulating film 100 is disposed on at least one side of the cell layer 22. When the aforementioned encapsulating film 100 is disposed only on one side of the cell layer 22, other encapsulating films that meet practical requirements can be disposed on the other side of the cell layer 22. For example... Figure 19 As shown, in the photovoltaic module 200, edge areas 12 are provided around the four edges of the central area 11 of the encapsulating film 100. In the photovoltaic module 200, the module manufacturer also provides corresponding edge areas 12 on both sides of the central area 11 of the encapsulating film where no edge areas are provided, so that the perimeter and frame of the encapsulated photovoltaic module 200 can be blocked from moisture intrusion, preventing moisture from entering the interior of the photovoltaic module from the perimeter and frame of the double-glass photovoltaic module.
[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the EVA film layer mentioned in this application can refer to a film layer containing only EVA resin or a film layer containing other necessary additives and components when EVA resin is used as the main resin. Similarly, the EVA film layer raw material can refer to a raw material containing only EVA resin or a raw material containing other necessary additives and components when EVA resin is used as the main resin. The same understanding should be applied to the POE film layer and POE film layer raw material. Furthermore, the above are only some preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. An encapsulation film, characterized by, The encapsulant film comprises: a central region extending along a length direction; an edge region configured to be at least inlayedly connected to two sides of the central region parallel to the length direction, an absolute value of a thickness difference between the edge region and the central region being 0-0.2 mm.
2. The encapsulation film according to claim 1, wherein: The central region has a central region projection in a plane where the encapsulant film is located along a thickness direction, and the two edge regions have edge region projections in the plane where the encapsulant film is located along the thickness direction, an overlapping area of the central region projection and the edge region projection being substantially 0.
3. The encapsulant film according to claim 1, wherein: a water vapor transmission rate of the edge region is less than that of the central region.
4. The encapsulant film according to claim 3, wherein: The water vapor transmission rate of the edge zone is 1-6 g / (m 2 ·24h), The water vapor transmission rate of the central zone is 6-50 g / (m 2 ·24h).
5. The encapsulant film according to claim 1, wherein: the central region is one of an EVA film layer or a multi-layer structure film formed by an EVA film layer and a POE film layer, and the edge region is a POE film layer.
6. The encapsulant film according to claim 1, wherein: a thickness of the central region is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm, and a thickness of the edge region is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm; in a width direction of the encapsulant film, a width of the edge region is greater than or equal to 10 mm and less than or equal to 300 mm.
7. The encapsulant film according to claim 1, wherein: the central region comprises a first connecting part provided at least on two sides of the central region parallel to the length direction, and the edge region comprises a second connecting part for inlayedly connecting to the first connecting part; the second connecting part of one of the edge regions and the second connecting part of the other of the edge regions are configured to be complementary in shape.
8. The encapsulant film according to claim 1, wherein: the central region comprises a first connecting part provided at least on two sides of the central region parallel to the length direction, and the edge region comprises a second connecting part complementary in shape to the first connecting part, the first connecting part is provided with a protrusion protruding along a width direction, and the protrusion has a protrusion projection in a plane where the encapsulant film is located along a thickness direction; the protrusion projection has a shape formed by at least one of a straight line or a curve.
9. The encapsulant film according to claim 1, wherein: a transition region is further included between the central region and the edge region, and a material of the transition region is at least one of EVA resin or POE resin.
10. A photovoltaic module, comprising the encapsulant film according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the central region of the encapsulant film is provided with the edge region around the central region in the photovoltaic module.