Low-gravity-center automatic off-line drilling machine

Abstract

The utility model provides a low-gravity-center automatic off-line drilling machine which solves the problem that the overall gravity center of equipment is moved upwards and the overall stability of a derrick is affected due to the fact that core equipment for hoisting a drilling rod is integrated on the top of the derrick. According to the lifting system, the winch and the driving device in the lifting system are arranged at the bottom of the derrick, so that the weight of the top end of the derrick can be reduced, the gravity center of the derrick can be lowered, the overall stability of the derrick can be improved, and the risk that the derrick inclines or even overturns can be reduced; and the sling can upwards bypass the first pulley and downwards connect with the crown block to lift the crown block.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to land rig technical field, especially a low gravity center automatic off-line rig. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the petroleum drilling operation, the automatic off-line rig as the key matching equipment of the main rig undertakes the pretreatment, storage and transfer task of the drill pipe, and the automation level and structural stability thereof directly affect the overall drilling efficiency. In order to expand the operation range, the core equipment (such as the driving motor, the pulley block and the control unit) of the traditional automatic off-line rig for hoisting the drill pipe is integrated on the top of the derrick, although the large-span hoisting can be realized, the overall gravity center of the equipment is moved upward, the stability of the derrick is affected, the load of the top component and the hoisted drill pipe is superposed, the risk of the derrick tilting or even overturning is increased, the auxiliary structure of the derrick needs to be reinforced to support, the equipment is heavy, and the equipment cost is increased. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the problem that the core equipment of hoisting the drill pipe is integrated on the top of the derrick in the background art, the overall gravity center of the equipment is moved upward, and the stability of the derrick is affected, the utility model provides a low gravity center automatic off-line rig.

[0004] The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: a low gravity center automatic off-line rig, including the derrick extending along the up-down direction, the bottom end of the derrick is hingedly arranged on the base, the base is provided with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with the derrick, the lifting mechanism is used to drive the derrick to rotate along the hinge with the base, the derrick is provided with a crown block, the right side of the derrick is an open structure, the crown block is located at the right side opening of the derrick, the crown block is provided with a lifting appliance, the lifting appliance is used to grab and release the drill pipe.

[0005] The derrick is provided with a lifting system, the lifting system is drivingly connected with the crown block to drive the lifting system to lift and lower, specifically, the bottom end of the derrick is fixedly provided with a horizontally extending plate seat to the left, the lifting system includes a winch fixedly arranged on the plate seat, the winch includes a winding drum, a sling is wound on the winding drum, the plate seat is provided with a driving device, the output shaft of the driving device is drivingly connected with the winding drum of the winch through a shaft coupling, the top end of the derrick is provided with a first pulley through a pulley seat, one end of the sling is fixedly arranged on the winding drum of the winch, the other end of the sling passes over the top of the first pulley upwards and is connected to the crown block downwards.

[0006] Preferably, the crown block is rotatably provided with a second pulley, the top of the derrick is fixedly provided with a horizontally extending fixed plate to the right, the fixed plate is provided with a sling anchoring hole, the other end of the sling extends downwards after passing over the first pulley and then passes over the bottom of the second pulley and is anchored in the sling anchoring hole of the fixed plate upwards, the second pulley and the sling together form a movable pulley structure.

[0007] Preferably, the top of the derrick is fixed with a frame extending horizontally to the left, and a third pulley is provided on the frame. The third pulley is located to the left of the first pulley. After the hoisting cable is led out from the winch drum, it is wound upward around the top of the third pulley, and then wound to the right around the top of the first pulley.

[0008] Preferably, the first pulley, the second pulley, and the third pulley are all multi-groove pulleys with the same number of grooves, and there are multiple slings. The multiple slings are arranged at intervals and are sequentially wound around the third pulley, the first pulley, and the second pulley.

[0009] Preferably, two guide rails with their openings facing each other are fixedly installed at the right opening of the derrick. The overhead crane is located between the two guide rails. Sliding frames are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the overhead crane, and the sliding frames are slidably installed inside the guide rails.

[0010] Advantages of this utility model: (1) By setting the winch and drive device in the hoisting system at the bottom of the derrick, this utility model can reduce the weight of the top of the derrick, lower the center of gravity of the derrick, improve the overall stability of the derrick, and reduce the risk of the derrick tilting or even overturning. By setting the first pulley at the top of the derrick, the sling can go up around the first pulley and connect to the overhead crane downwards to carry out lifting and lowering operations on the overhead crane.

[0011] (2) By installing a second pulley inside the crane, the second pulley and the sling together form a movable pulley structure, so that the sling connected to the fixed plate on the right side of the second pulley and the sling on the left side of the second pulley can jointly bear the total load of the second pulley and the crane, thereby reducing the tension of the sling on the winch and significantly reducing the power requirement of the winch and the wear of the sling. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0014] Figure 2 This utility model Figure 1 A front view of the overall structure;

[0015] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at the top of the central derrick.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Derrick; 2. Overhead crane; 3. Hoisting system; 301. Plate base; 302. Winch; 303. Hoisting cable; 304. First pulley; 4. Second pulley; 5. Fixed plate; 6. Frame; 7. Third pulley; 8. Guide rail; 9. Sliding frame. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Example 1: A low center of gravity automatic offline drilling rig, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, the derrick 1 extends vertically. The bottom end of the derrick 1 is hinged to a base (not shown in the figure). The base supports and fixes the derrick 1. A lifting mechanism (not shown in the figure) is provided on the base. The lifting mechanism is connected to the derrick 1 and is used to drive the derrick 1 to rotate along the hinge point with the base, so as to realize the lowering and erection of the derrick 1. For those skilled in the art, the base and the lifting mechanism are well-known technologies, so they will not be described in detail. A crane 2 is provided on the derrick 1. The right side of the derrick 1 is an open structure. The crane 2 is located at the right opening of the derrick 1. A lifting device (not shown in the figure) is provided on the crane 2. The lifting device is a hydraulically driven automatic lifting clamp, which is adapted to a drill pipe joint. The lifting device is used to grab and release the drill pipe to realize the docking of the drill pipe. For those skilled in the art, the lifting device is well-known technology, so it will not be described in detail.

[0019] The derrick 1 is equipped with a hoisting system 3, which is connected to the overhead crane 2 to drive its lifting and lowering, thereby achieving drill pipe docking. Specifically, the bottom of the derrick 1 is fixed with a plate seat 301 extending horizontally to the left. The hoisting system 3 includes a winch 302 fixed on the plate seat 301. The winch 302 includes a drum, and a sling 303 is wound on the drum. The sling 303 is a steel wire rope. The plate seat 301 is equipped with a drive device. The output shaft of the drive device is connected to the drum of the winch 302 through a coupling. The drive device is a diesel engine to adapt to environments without power grids. The top of the derrick 1 is equipped with a first pulley 304 through a pulley seat. One end of the sling 303 is fixed on the drum of the winch 302, and the other end of the sling 303 passes upward over the top of the first pulley 304 and downward to the overhead crane 2.

[0020] By setting the winch 302 and drive device in the hoisting system 3 at the bottom of the derrick 1, the weight at the top of the derrick 1 can be reduced, the center of gravity of the derrick 1 can be lowered, the overall stability of the derrick 1 can be improved, and the risk of the derrick tilting or even overturning can be reduced. By setting the first pulley 304 at the top of the derrick 1, the hoisting cable 303 can pass over the first pulley 304 upward and connect to the overhead crane 2 downward to carry out lifting and lowering operations on the overhead crane 2.

[0021] The crane 2 is equipped with a second pulley 4 that rotates inside. The top of the derrick 1 is fixed with a horizontally extending fixed plate 5. The fixed plate 5 is provided with a sling anchoring hole. The other end of the sling 303 extends downward after passing over the first pulley 304, and then passes over the bottom of the second pulley 4 and is anchored upward in the sling anchoring hole of the fixed plate 5. The second pulley 4 and the sling 303 together form a movable pulley structure, so that the sling 303 located on the right side of the second pulley 4 and connected to the fixed plate 5 and the sling 303 located on the left side of the second pulley 4 can jointly bear the total load of the second pulley 4 and the crane 2, thereby reducing the tension of the sling 303 on the winch 302 and significantly reducing the power requirement of the winch 302 and the wear of the sling 303.

[0022] A frame 6 extending horizontally to the left is fixed at the top of the derrick 1. A triangular diagonal brace is provided between the frame 6 and the left side of the derrick 1 to support the end of the frame 6 away from the derrick 1. A third pulley 7 is provided on the frame 6. The third pulley 7 is located to the left of the first pulley 304. After the hoisting cable 303 is led out from the drum of the winch 302, it is wound upwards around the top of the third pulley 7, and then wound to the right around the top of the first pulley 304. This allows the third pulley 7 and the first pulley 304 to share the longitudinal load applied to the hoisting cable 303 by the overhead crane 2. At the same time, the third pulley 7 is located on the left side of the top of the derrick 1, which can balance the load from the overhead crane 2 on the right side of the derrick 1.

[0023] The first pulley 304, the second pulley 4, and the third pulley 7 are all multi-groove pulleys with the same number of grooves. There are multiple slings 303, which are spaced apart front and back. The multiple slings 303 are wound around the third pulley 7, the first pulley 304, and the second pulley 4 in sequence, which can improve the load-bearing capacity of the overhead crane 2 and the drill rod. The multiple slings extend upward from the drum of the winch 302, pass over the top of the third pulley 7, pass over the top of the first pulley 304 to the right, then pass down to the bottom of the second pulley 4 and are anchored upward in the sling anchoring hole of the fixing plate 5.

[0024] Two guide rails 8 are fixedly installed at the right opening of the derrick 1, with the front and rear sections spaced apart and the openings facing each other. The overhead crane 2 is located between the two guide rails 8. Sliding frames 9 are fixedly installed on both the front and rear sides of the overhead crane 2. The sliding frames 9 are slidably installed inside the guide rails 8. The guide rails 8 can guide the overhead crane 2 to move vertically up and down through the sliding frames 9, so as to prevent the hoisting cable 303 from swaying and causing the overhead crane 2 to become unstable.

[0025] Working principle: The drive device drives the winch 302 drum to rotate, winding and unwinding multiple slings 303. After being led out from the winch drum, the slings go upward around the third pulley 7 and the first pulley 304, then downward around the second pulley 4 inside the overhead crane 2, and finally anchored to the fixed plate 5. When the winch is winding, the slings drive the overhead crane 2 to rise vertically along the guide rail 8; when releasing, the overhead crane descends smoothly under the control of gravity and the slings, realizing the grabbing and lowering of the drill rod.

[0026] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims and not by the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A low center of gravity automatic off-line drilling rig, characterized by: The derrick (1) extends along the up-down direction, the bottom end of the derrick (1) is hingedly arranged on the base, the base is provided with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is connected with the derrick (1), the lifting mechanism is used to drive the derrick (1) to rotate along the hinge of the base, the derrick (1) is provided with a crown block (2), the right side of the derrick (1) is an open structure, the crown block (2) is located at the right side opening of the derrick (1), the crown block (2) is provided with a lifting device, and the lifting device is used to grab and release the drill pipe. The derrick (1) is provided with a lifting system (3) which is in transmission connection with the crown block (2) to drive the crown block (2) to lift, specifically, the bottom end of the derrick (1) is fixedly provided with a horizontally leftward extending plate seat (301), the lifting system (3) includes a winch (302) fixedly arranged on the plate seat (301), the winch (302) includes a winding drum, a sling (303) is wound on the winding drum, the plate seat (301) is provided with a driving device, the output shaft of the driving device is in transmission connection with the winding drum of the winch (302) through a shaft coupling, the top end of the derrick (1) is provided with a first pulley (304) through a pulley seat, one end of the sling (303) is fixedly arranged on the winding drum of the winch (302), the other end of the sling (303) is wound over the top of the first pulley (304) upward and is connected to the crown block (2) downward.

2. A low center of gravity off-line automatic drilling rig as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The crown block (2) is rotatably provided with a second pulley (4), the top of the derrick (1) is fixedly provided with a horizontally rightward extending fixed plate (5), the fixed plate (5) is provided with a sling anchoring hole, the other end of the sling (303) is wound over the first pulley (304) downward and is wound over the bottom of the second pulley (4) upward and is anchored in the sling anchoring hole of the fixed plate (5), and the second pulley (4) and the sling (303) jointly form a movable pulley structure.

3. A low center of gravity off-line automatic drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the derrick (1) is fixedly provided with a horizontally leftward extending frame (6), the frame (6) is provided with a third pulley (7), the third pulley (7) is located leftward of the first pulley (304), the sling (303) is wound over the top of the third pulley (7) upward after being led out from the winding drum of the winch (302), and then is wound over the top of the first pulley (304) rightward.

4. A low gravity center automatic off-line drilling rig according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The first pulley (304), the second pulley (4) and the third pulley (7) are multi-groove pulleys with the same number of grooves, the sling (303) is provided with a plurality of slings, the plurality of slings are arranged in front of and behind each other, and the plurality of slings (303) are sequentially wound on the third pulley (7), the first pulley (304) and the second pulley (4).

5. A low center of gravity off-line automatic drilling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side opening of the derrick (1) is fixedly provided with two guide rails (8) which are arranged in front of and behind each other and are oppositely arranged, the crown block (2) is located between the two guide rails (8), and the crown block (2) is fixedly provided with sliding frames (9) on the front and back sides, and the sliding frames (9) are slidingly arranged in the guide rails (8).

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