Vertical carbonization furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical carbonization furnace, and relates to the field of activated carbon activation furnaces, the inside of a carbonization section is built by a plurality of connecting blocks, concave bricks and convex bricks, specifically, the middle part of each connecting block is provided with an inclined plane support, and the left and right sides of each connecting block are respectively provided with the convex bricks and the concave bricks; the connecting blocks, the concave brick blocks and the convex brick blocks are built in a step-by-step staggered manner from bottom to top, materials in a carbonization section stay or decelerate on the step-by-step inclined surface supports in the falling process, and meanwhile, the inclined surface supports which are staggered in the step-by-step manner form an air passage. A special structural design is adopted in a traditional furnace body, carbonization is more sufficient, a large amount of high-temperature pyrolysis gas generated in the carbonization process can be output through a channel in the furnace, and waste heat and the pyrolysis gas can be fully utilized; the carbonization furnace cavity adopts a special geometric structure, so that the accumulation of the raw materials can be effectively avoided, and the hot flue gas and the carbonized raw materials are fully carbonized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of activated carbon activation furnaces, specifically a vertical carbonization furnace. Background Technology

[0002] A vertical carbonization furnace typically consists of a preheating section, a carbonization section, a cooling section, a discharge system, and a hopper. Material is added into the furnace through the upper feeding port and moves from top to bottom, passing through the preheating section, the carbonization section, and the cooling section. Then, it is discharged into the discharge hopper through the discharge system and discharged through the outlet of the discharge hopper.

[0003] The raw coal gas produced during carbonization enters the fire channel through a pre-reserved opening in the furnace core bricks; combustion air enters the fire channel through a pre-reserved air inlet in the wall, mixing and burning with the raw coal gas; the heat from the combustion of the raw coal gas maintains the operating temperature of the vertical carbonization furnace. The exhaust gas after combustion is drawn out of the furnace by an induced draft fan for tail gas treatment before being discharged.

[0004] However, in existing technologies, the carbonization material accumulates at the bottom and cannot fully react with the hot flue gas, resulting in low utilization of the furnace space and limiting the single furnace capacity. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by designing a vertical carbonization furnace to solve the problem of material accumulation at the bottom of the carbonization section, which prevents it from fully reacting with the hot flue gas.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a vertical carbonization furnace, which adopts the following technical solution: a preheating section at the top, a carbonization section below the preheating section, a cooling section below the carbonization section, a discharge device below the cooling section, and a feeding hopper below the discharge device. The carbonization section is internally constructed of several connecting blocks, concave bricks, and convex bricks. Specifically, the connecting blocks have inclined supports in the middle, and convex bricks and concave bricks are respectively arranged on the left and right sides. The connecting blocks, concave bricks, and convex bricks are staggered from bottom to top. During the material falling in the carbonization section, it stops or decelerates at each of the staggered inclined supports, and at the same time, the staggered inclined supports at each level form an air passage.

[0007] Furthermore, both ends of the inclined support are provided with inner plates, a main positioning plate is provided on the outer side of the inner plate, and an outer plate is provided on the outer side of the main positioning plate; the concave brick includes a concave brick positioning plate, and concave side plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the concave brick positioning plate; the convex brick includes a convex brick positioning plate, and convex side plates are symmetrically provided on both sides of the convex brick positioning plate; the main positioning plate is matched and connected with the concave brick positioning plate and the convex brick positioning plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the main positioning plate includes an upper convex part, a side convex part, a side concave part, and a bottom concave part. The upper convex part is connected to the bottom concave part of the previous level concave brick block and the convex brick block. The side convex part is connected to the side concave part of the concave brick positioning plate. The side concave part is connected to the side convex part of the convex brick positioning plate. The bottom concave part is connected to the top convex part of the next level concave brick block and the convex brick block.

[0009] Furthermore, a semi-circular air passage hole is provided at the lower middle part of the connecting block; a quarter-circle concave brick circle is provided at one corner of the concave brick block, and a quarter-circle convex brick circle is provided at one corner of the convex brick block. The connecting block, concave brick block and convex brick block are built in an alternating manner to form several circular flues composed of semi-circular air passage holes, concave brick circles and convex brick circles.

[0010] Furthermore, a carbon raiser metering feeder is provided at the upper part of the preheating section. The carbon raiser metering feeder is provided with several internal partitions, which divide the carbon raiser metering feeder into several metering chambers of the same volume. An inlet is provided at the upper part of the metering chamber and a outlet is provided at the lower part of the metering chamber. An upper moving plate is movably provided at the upper part of the inlet to control the opening and closing of the inlet, and a lower moving plate is movably provided at the lower part of the outlet to control the opening and closing of the outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the carbon additive metering feeder is equipped with a feeding control cylinder and a discharging control cylinder on one side, which respectively control the movement of the upper moving plate and the lower moving plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a first connecting rod is provided on one side of the piston rod of the feeding control cylinder, and feeding transmission rods are provided at both ends of the first connecting rod to connect with each of the upper moving plates; a second connecting rod is provided on one side of the piston rod of the discharging control cylinder, and discharging transmission rods are provided at both ends of the second connecting rod to connect with each of the lower moving plates.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] By employing a special structural design within the traditional furnace body, carbonization is more complete, with the main advantages being:

[0015] First, the carbonization process generates a large amount of high-temperature pyrolysis gas, which can be output through the furnace channel, which is conducive to making full use of waste heat and pyrolysis gas.

[0016] Second, the carbonization furnace cavity adopts a special geometric structure, which can effectively avoid the accumulation of raw materials and ensure that the hot flue gas and carbonization raw materials are fully carbonized.

[0017] Third, the furnace body is equipped with a carbonizer metering feeder, which can control the timed, quantitative and balanced feeding of carbonizer to ensure the quality of the finished product in the carbonization furnace. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical carbonization furnace of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the furnace body of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the interior of the furnace body of this utility model from another angle;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting block of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting block of this utility model from another angle;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting piece concave brick block of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting piece protruding brick of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the carbon raiser metering device of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a half-sectional structural diagram of the carbon raiser metering device of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the carbon raiser metering device of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the carbon raiser metering device of this utility model.

[0029] In the diagram: 1-Preheating section; 2-Carbonization section; 3-Cooling section; 4-Discharge device; 5-Feeding hopper; 6-Quantitative feeder for carbonizing agent; 21-Connecting block; 22-Concave brick; 23-Convex brick; 211-Sloping support; 212-Inner plate; 213-Main positioning plate; 2131-Upper convex part; 2132-Side convex part; 2133-Side concave part; 2134-Bottom concave part; 214-Outer plate; 215-Air passage hole; 221 - Concave side plate; 222- Concave brick positioning plate; 223- Concave brick circle; 231- Convex side plate; 232- Convex brick positioning plate; 233- Convex brick circle; 61- Inner partition plate; 62- Feed inlet; 63- Quantitative bin; 64- Discharge port; 71- Feed control cylinder; 72- First connecting rod; 73- Feed transmission rod; 74- Upper moving plate; 75- Discharge control cylinder; 76- Second connecting rod; 77- Discharge transmission rod; 78- Lower moving plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in more detail. While preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0033] like Figures 1-7 As shown, this utility model is a vertical carbonization furnace, including: a preheating section 1 at the top, a carbonization section 2 below the preheating section 1, a cooling section 3 below the carbonization section 2, a discharge device 4 below the cooling section 3, and a feeding hopper 5 below the discharge device 4; the temperature of the preheating section 1 is 200-300℃; the temperature of the carbonization section 2 is 650-750℃; the cooling section 3 is air-cooled, and the material temperature can be reduced to about 300℃; the carbonization time is controlled by adjusting the unloading time of the discharge system of the discharge device 4; the feeding hopper 5 is for collecting the material unloaded by the discharge system.

[0034] Specifically, the carbonization section 2 is constructed from several connecting blocks 21, concave bricks 22, and convex bricks 23. The connecting blocks 21 have inclined supports 211 in the middle, and convex bricks 23 and concave bricks 22 are respectively provided on the left and right sides. The connecting blocks 21, concave bricks 22, and convex bricks 23 are constructed in an alternating manner from bottom to top. During the process of material falling in the carbonization section, it stops or slows down at each level of inclined supports 211. At the same time, the alternating inclined supports 211 form an air passage.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the inclined support 211 is provided with an inner plate 212 at both ends, a main positioning plate 213 is provided on the outer side of the inner plate 212, and an outer plate 214 is provided on the outer side of the main positioning plate 213. The main positioning plate 213 includes an upper protrusion 2131, a side protrusion 2132, a side concave portion 2133, and a bottom concave portion 2134. The concave brick block 22 includes a concave brick positioning plate 222, and concave side plates 221 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the concave brick positioning plate 222. The convex brick block 23 includes a convex brick positioning plate 232, and convex side plates 231 are symmetrically provided on both sides of the convex brick positioning plate 232. The main positioning plate 213 is matched and connected with the concave brick positioning plate 222 and the convex brick positioning plate 232.

[0036] Specifically, the upper convex part 2131 is connected to the bottom concave part of the upper-level concave brick 22 and convex brick 23, the side convex part 2132 is connected to the side concave part of the concave brick positioning plate 222, the side concave part 2133 is connected to the side convex part of the convex brick positioning plate 232, and the bottom concave part 2134 is connected to the top convex part of the lower-level concave brick 22 and convex brick 23.

[0037] To ensure better circulation of high-temperature flue gas, a semi-circular air passage hole 215 is provided at the lower middle part of the connecting block 21, a quarter-circular concave brick circle 223 is provided at one corner of the concave brick block 22, and a quarter-circular convex brick circle 233 is provided at one corner of the convex brick block 23; the connecting block 21, the concave brick block 22, and the convex brick block 23 are built in an alternating manner to form several circular flues composed of the semi-circular air passage hole 215, the concave brick circle 223, and the convex brick circle 233.

[0038] Adding a carbon raiser can significantly increase the carbon content of raw materials. The addition of a carbon raiser can improve the physical and chemical properties of activated carbon. In the production process of activated carbon, the use of a carbon raiser can reduce dependence on high-quality raw materials, thereby reducing production costs. Therefore, in this invention, a carbon raiser metering feeder 6 is provided at the upper part of the preheating section 1. The carbon raiser metering feeder 6 has several internal partitions 61 inside, which divide the carbon raiser metering feeder 6 into several metering chambers 63 of the same volume. An inlet 62 is provided at the upper part of the metering chamber 63, and a discharge port 64 is provided at the lower part of the metering chamber 63. An upper moving plate 74 is movably provided above the inlet 62 to control the opening and closing of the inlet 62, and a lower moving plate 78 is movably provided below the discharge port 64 to control the opening and closing of the discharge port 64.

[0039] Specifically, the carbon raiser metering feeder 6 is provided with a feed control cylinder 71 and a discharge control cylinder 75 on one side. The piston rod of the feed control cylinder 71 is provided with a first connecting rod 72 on one side, and the two ends of the first connecting rod 72 are provided with feed transmission rods 73 connected to each upper moving plate 74. The piston rod of the discharge control cylinder 75 is provided with a second connecting rod 76 on one side, and the two ends of the second connecting rod 76 are provided with discharge transmission rods 77 connected to each lower moving plate 78.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, the carbon raiser is on the upper moving plate 74. First, the upper moving plate 74 is opened, and the carbon raiser enters the metering chamber 63. After the metering chamber 63 is filled with carbon raiser, the upper moving plate 74 is closed. After the upper moving plate 74 is closed, the lower moving plate 78 is opened to unload the carbon raiser in the metering chamber 63. This process is one cycle. The unloading is carried out continuously by repeating this process. The unloading speed and unloading time are set by the controller, and the opening and closing of the upper and lower moving plates are controlled by the opening and closing of the cylinder. Rollers can be set to fix and support the upper and lower moving plates and assist the movement of the upper and lower moving plates.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model. The above description is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present utility model should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments, many modifications and changes will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A vertical retort, comprising: The preheating section (1) is arranged at the top, the carbonization section (2) is arranged below the preheating section (1), the cooling section (3) is arranged below the carbonization section (2), the discharger (4) is arranged below the cooling section (3), and the lower hopper (5) is arranged below the discharger (4), characterized in that the carbonization section (2) is built by a plurality of connecting blocks (21), concave bricks (22) and convex bricks (23), specifically, the connecting block (21) is provided with a slope support (211) at the middle part, the convex brick (23) and the concave brick (22) are arranged at the left and right sides respectively, and the connecting block (21), the concave brick (22) and the convex brick (23) are built in a staggered manner from bottom to top, and the material in the carbonization section stays or slows down at the staggered slope supports (211) during falling, and the staggered slope supports (211) form air channels.

2. A vertical retort as claimed in claim 1, wherein Both ends of the slope support (211) are provided with inner connecting plates (212), the outer side of the inner connecting plate (212) is provided with a main positioning plate (213), and the outer side of the main positioning plate (213) is provided with an outer connecting plate (214); the concave brick (22) comprises a concave brick positioning plate (222), and the concave brick positioning plate (222) is symmetrically provided with concave side plates (221) at both sides; the convex brick (23) comprises a convex brick positioning plate (232), and the convex brick positioning plate (232) is symmetrically provided with convex side plates (231) at both sides; and the main positioning plate (213) is connected with the concave brick positioning plate (222) and the convex brick positioning plate (232) in a matched mode.

3. A vertical retort as claimed in claim 2, wherein The main positioning plate (213) comprises an upper convex part (2131), a side convex part (2132), a side concave part (2133) and a bottom concave part (2134), the upper convex part (2131) is connected with the bottom concave part of the upper concave brick (22) and the convex brick (23) of the upper level, the side convex part (2132) is connected with the side concave part of the concave brick positioning plate (222), the side concave part (2133) is connected with the side convex part of the convex brick positioning plate (232), and the bottom concave part (2134) is connected with the top convex part of the concave brick (22) and the convex brick (23) of the lower level.

4. A vertical retort as defined in claim 1, wherein The connecting block (21) is provided with a semicircular air channel hole (215) at the middle lower end, the concave brick (22) is provided with a quarter circular concave brick circle (223) at a corner, and the convex brick (23) is provided with a quarter circular convex brick circle (233) at a corner; the connecting block (21), the concave brick (22) and the convex brick (23) are built in a staggered manner to form a plurality of circular flues composed of the semicircular air channel hole (215), the concave brick circle (223) and the convex brick circle (233).

5. A vertical retort as defined in claim 1, wherein The preheating section (1) is provided with a carbon additive quantitative feeder (6) at the upper portion, a plurality of inner partitions (61) are arranged in the carbon additive quantitative feeder (6), the carbon additive quantitative feeder (6) is divided into a plurality of quantitative bins (63) with the same volume by the inner partitions (61), the quantitative bin (63) is provided with a feeding port (62) at the upper portion and a discharging port (64) at the lower portion, the upper portion of the feeding port (62) is movably provided with an upper movable plate (74) for controlling the opening and closing of the feeding port (62), and the lower portion of the discharging port (64) is movably provided with a lower movable plate (78) for controlling the opening and closing of the discharging port (64).

6. A vertical retort as claimed in claim 5, wherein The carbon additive quantitative feeder (6) is provided with a feeding control air cylinder (71) and a discharging control air cylinder (75) at one side, the feeding control air cylinder (71) and the discharging control air cylinder (75) control the movement of the upper movable plate (74) and the lower movable plate (78) respectively.

7. A vertical retort as claimed in claim 6, wherein The piston rod of the feeding control air cylinder (71) is provided with a first connecting rod (72) at one side, the two ends of the first connecting rod (72) are provided with feeding transmission rods (73) connected with the upper movable plates (74), and the piston rod of the discharging control air cylinder (75) is provided with a second connecting rod (76) at one side, the two ends of the second connecting rod (76) are provided with discharging transmission rods (77) connected with the lower movable plates (78).

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