Metal material cold and hot fatigue testing machine
By combining an AC servo motor and a planetary gear reducer, smooth speed control of the thermal fatigue testing machine for metal materials is achieved, solving the problems of mechanical impact and internal force fluctuation under traditional drive methods, and improving the accuracy and repeatability of the test.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
In traditional thermal fatigue testing of metallic materials, the speed of the specimen movement cannot be precisely controlled, and there is a lack of an effective deceleration mechanism at the end of the stroke, resulting in large impact forces, noise pollution, and internal force fluctuations, which affect the accuracy and reliability of the test data.
An AC servo motor is used in conjunction with a planetary gear reducer to achieve precise deceleration of the slide bar through a turntable-rotor mechanism, ensuring that the speed of the slide bar approaches zero at its limit position and avoiding mechanical impact and internal force fluctuations.
This achieves smooth and controllable movement of the slider, reduces operating noise, extends equipment life, and ensures the accuracy and reliability of experimental data.
Smart Images
Figure CN223985974U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of fatigue testing equipment for metallic materials, and in particular to a thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials. Background Technology
[0002] Thermal fatigue testing of metallic materials is an important test method for evaluating the damage resistance of metallic materials under cyclic thermal stress. This test simulates the service environment of materials under temperature cycling conditions to detect the material's performance in resisting failure under cyclic thermal stress.
[0003] In traditional thermal fatigue testing of metallic materials, the reciprocating motion mechanism of the specimen generally adopts an electromagnet-and-counterweight drive: when the electromagnet is energized, it generates a pulling force, driving the specimen into the cooling medium tank; after the electromagnet is de-energized and released, the specimen returns to the high-temperature furnace under the gravity of the counterweight, thus forming a cyclic motion. However, this traditional drive method has the following significant drawbacks:
[0004] First, the sample movement speed cannot be precisely controlled, especially at the end of the stroke where there is a lack of an effective deceleration mechanism. This results in a large impact force when the sample reaches its limit position, which not only accelerates the wear of mechanical parts but also generates significant noise pollution.
[0005] Secondly, the specimen experiences a large instantaneous acceleration at the end of its travel. Due to inertial effects, significant internal force fluctuations occur within the specimen. This additional stress change may interfere with the crack propagation behavior of the specimen, thereby affecting the accuracy and reliability of the test data.
[0006] These problems, to some extent, limit the accuracy and repeatability of thermal fatigue tests, and there is an urgent need to optimize the test process by improving the driving method. Utility Model Content
[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0009] A thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials, comprising:
[0010] The main frame serves as the main frame of the testing machine;
[0011] The reciprocating component is installed on the top of the main frame and uses a crank-connecting rod mechanism to drive the fixture and sample to reciprocate between the high-temperature furnace component and the cooling medium tank.
[0012] The high-temperature furnace component is located in the internal space below the main frame and is used to heat the sample entering the furnace chamber.
[0013] The cooling medium tank is located below the high-temperature furnace component and is coaxially installed in the internal space of the lower part of the main frame, with its center line coinciding with the center line of the fixture. It is used to cool the sample entering the cooling medium tank, and the height of the liquid level in the cooling medium tank remains constant.
[0014] The cooling circulation component is located in the internal space at the bottom of the main frame. It is used to circulate the cooling medium between the cooling medium tank and the cooling circulation component and to remove the heat generated by the high-temperature sample being inserted into the cooling medium.
[0015] The clamp is installed at the lower end of the slide bar of the reciprocating component. It is used to clamp the sample and, driven by the reciprocating component, move the sample back and forth between the high-temperature furnace component and the cooling medium tank.
[0016] Furthermore, the main frame consists of a lower frame, an upper frame, and a protective cover; wherein, the lower frame has a square hole in the middle of its worktable surface for passing through a fixture and a sample; the upper frame is arranged on the worktable surface of the lower frame, and the two are rigidly connected together by bolts; the protective cover is used to surround the reciprocating component located at the top of the main frame.
[0017] Furthermore, the reciprocating component comprises a planetary gear reducer, an AC servo motor, a reducer base, a turntable, a rotating arm, a slide rod, a signal transmitter, a proximity switch base, a proximity switch, a photoelectric switch base, a photoelectric switch, a linear bearing base, and a linear bearing. The AC servo motor is coaxially mounted at the input end of the planetary gear reducer, and after its speed is reduced by the planetary gear reducer, it drives the turntable to rotate, forming the power source for the reciprocating component. The reducer base is used to mount the planetary gear reducer. The turntable, rotating arm, slide rod, and linear bearing form a crank-connecting rod mechanism. The slide rod is slidably constrained within the inner hole of the linear bearing, allowing it to move only up and down. The lower end of the slide rod connects to the fixture and the sample for vertical reciprocating motion. The upper end of the slide rod and the lower end of the rotating arm are constrained together by a pin, allowing the rotating arm to swing freely around the pin. The rotation of the turntable... The rotating arm swings back and forth, causing the sliding rod to move up and down, ultimately moving the sample back and forth between the high-temperature furnace components and the cooling medium tank via the clamps. The speed of the AC servo motor is controlled to regulate the sample's vertical movement, and the intermittent dwell time of the AC servo motor is controlled to regulate the sample's heating and cooling times. A signal plate, mounted on the turntable and adjustable in position, provides position signals to the proximity and photoelectric switches. These switches transmit the signals to the main control system for closed-loop control of the AC servo motor, controlling the sample's vertical movement speed and dwell time in the high-temperature furnace components and cooling medium tank. Proximity switch and photoelectric switch mounts are used to install the proximity and photoelectric switches. A linear bearing mount is used to install and fix the linear bearing.
[0018] Furthermore, the high-temperature furnace component comprises a furnace shell, a furnace lining, a heating element, a thermocouple, an aviation socket, and a mounting base. The furnace shell encloses the furnace lining, forming a closed space. Coaxial square holes are opened on both the upper and lower surfaces of the furnace shell to support the movement of samples and fixtures inside and outside the furnace. The furnace lining is made of aluminum silicate board, and its internal space forms the furnace chamber. The heating elements are arranged on both sides of the furnace chamber for heating it. The temperature of the furnace chamber is transmitted in real time to the high-temperature furnace controller via thermocouples, enabling closed-loop temperature control within the furnace chamber. The aviation socket is used for connection between the high-temperature furnace component and the high-temperature furnace controller.
[0019] Furthermore, the cooling medium tank includes a tank body, an inlet, an outlet, and a drain outlet; wherein, the tank body is a liquid tank with an open top, consisting of an inner and outer layer structure, with the inner layer being lower than the outer layer. The bottom plate of the inner tank has two pipe openings, one of which is higher than the bottom of the tank and serves as the inlet, used to receive the cooling medium from the cooling circulation components; the other pipe opening is flush with the bottom of the tank and serves as the drain outlet, used for cleaning the inner medium tank. The cooling medium enters the inner tank through the inlet, and after the liquid level reaches the height of the inner tank, the cooling medium overflows into the outer tank and then enters the cooling circulation components through the outlet for cooling.
[0020] Furthermore, an observation window is provided on the side wall of the tank body. The height of the observation window is flush with the height of the inner medium tank of the tank body, which is used to observe the depth of the sample inserted into the cooling medium.
[0021] Furthermore, the groove body is mounted on the slide rail via a support frame.
[0022] Furthermore, the cooling cycle component comprises a housing, a compressor, a condenser / evaporator, a cryogenic tank, a thermocouple, a medium circulation pump, a medium outlet, a medium inlet, a medium inlet, a temperature controller, and a power switch. The housing is a metal shell made of steel plate, forming the outer shell of the cooling cycle component, with heat dissipation holes on its surface to remove heat generated during the refrigeration process. The compressor, condenser, and evaporator form a refrigeration system. The refrigerant is compressed by the compressor, condensed in the condenser, and then evaporated in the evaporator to achieve vaporization circulation. Through the vaporization process of the refrigerant in the evaporator, the evaporator absorbs heat. The evaporator is arranged inside the cryogenic tank containing the cooling medium. By absorbing heat from the surrounding medium, the temperature of the cooling medium is lowered. The operating time of the compressor is controlled. This system controls the temperature of the cooling medium. The cryogenic tank holds the cooling medium, with an insulation layer between its inner and outer layers to insulate it from the temperature of the medium. Thermocouples collect the temperature of the cooling medium inside the cryogenic tank and transmit it in real-time to the temperature controller, forming a closed-loop control of the compressor. A medium circulation pump circulates the cooling medium between the cooling medium tank and the cooling circulation components, stabilizing the temperature of the cooling medium in the tank at the set cooling temperature. The medium outlet and medium inlet are connected to the cooling medium tank, forming a cooling medium circulation loop, allowing the cooling medium to circulate between the tank and the cooling circulation components. A medium inlet is used to add cooling medium to the cryogenic tank. The temperature controller controls the start and stop of the compressor and the temperature of the cooling medium inside the cryogenic tank. A power switch connects to an external power source.
[0023] Furthermore, the fixture consists of a fixture body, a high-temperature fixture, and fixture screws. The fixture body is mounted on the lower end of the slide bar of the reciprocating component; the high-temperature fixture is made of high-temperature resistant material, with its upper end rigidly mounted in the inner hole of the fixture body and tightened by a pressure cap, and its lower end mounted with a metal material sample via fixture screws; the fixture screws are made of high-temperature resistant material and are used to connect the high-temperature fixture and the metal material sample.
[0024] Furthermore, the clamp body comprises a fixed base, a pressure cap, a rotating shaft, a pin, a clamping screw, a clamping nut, a positioning pin, and a locking screw; the fixed base and the pressure cap are hinged together by the rotating shaft, and the pressure cap rotates freely around the axis of the rotating shaft, forming an openable clamping mechanism. Two semi-circular holes are arranged at the center of the clamping mechanism for clamping and fixing the high-temperature clamp; a positioning pin is arranged at the center of the semi-circular holes of the fixed base, which is engaged in the positioning hole of the high-temperature clamp for circumferential positioning of the high-temperature clamp; the pin is arranged on the fixed base. The end of the screw serves as the pivot for the clamping screw. One end of the clamping screw has a circular hole perpendicular to its axis, which fits onto the pin and allows it to rotate freely around the pin. The other end of the clamping screw has a threaded structure, on which the clamping nut is screwed. The clamping nut is used to clamp the pressure cap and thus the high-temperature fixture. The other side of the fixed seat has an open circular hole with the same diameter as the slide rod of the reciprocating component, which is used to connect the slide rod. By tightening the locking screw, the circular hole of the fixed seat undergoes elastic deformation, thereby clamping the slide rod and forming a rigid connection.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0026] The thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials provided by this utility model is driven by an AC servo motor, combined with a planetary gear reducer for precise speed reduction, and uses a turntable-arm mechanism to achieve the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the slide bar. Specifically, the servo motor drives the turntable to rotate, causing the arm to swing, which in turn pushes the slide bar to complete a precise lifting and lowering motion. The innovation of this driving method lies in the fact that the highest and lowest points of the slide bar correspond exactly to the 0-degree position of the arm's swing angle, at which point the slide bar's movement speed theoretically drops to zero. Therefore, the slide bar's movement speed exhibits a smooth speed-changing characteristic: the speed is lowest (close to zero) at the upper and lower limit positions, while the speed reaches its peak in the middle stroke, and then gradually decelerates to the end point.
[0027] The thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials provided by this utility model has the following technical advantages:
[0028] 1. Shock-free speed control: The speed of the slide bar approaches zero when it is at the upper and lower limit positions, which effectively avoids the mechanical impact of traditional electromagnetic drive, greatly reduces operating noise, and extends the service life of the equipment.
[0029] 2. Reduce internal force fluctuations in the specimen: Since the specimen has extremely low velocity at its limit position, the inertial effect is significantly reduced, thereby minimizing the impact of additional stress on crack propagation and ensuring the accuracy of experimental data.
[0030] 3. Smooth and controllable motion: The servo motor, in conjunction with the planetary reducer, provides high-precision speed regulation, making the slide bar move more smoothly and meeting the speed adjustment requirements under different test conditions.
[0031] In summary, the thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials provided by this utility model ingeniously achieves variable speed motion control of the slide bar through the above design, which not only optimizes the mechanical transmission performance but also improves the reliability of the test results, providing a more accurate experimental method for testing the thermal fatigue performance of metallic materials. Attached Figure Description
[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0033] Figure 1 A side sectional view of the thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials provided in this embodiment of the present invention.
[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of the thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0035] Figure 3 A front view of the lower frame provided in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0036] Figure 4 A front view of the upper frame provided for an embodiment of this utility model.
[0037] Figure 5 Three views of the reciprocating displacement component provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 5 In the diagram, (a) is the front view, (b) is the side view, and (c) is the top view.
[0038] Figure 6 Three-view drawings of a high-temperature furnace component provided for an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 6 In the diagram, (a) is the front view, (b) is the side view, and (c) is the top view.
[0039] Figure 7 Three views of the cooling medium tank provided in the embodiment of this utility model. Figure 7 In the diagram, (a) is the front view, (b) is the side view, and (c) is the top view.
[0040] Figure 8 Three-view drawings of a cooling circulation component provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 8 In the diagram, (a) is the front view, (b) is the side view, and (c) is the top view.
[0041] Figure 9 Three-view drawings of the fixture provided in the embodiment of this utility model. Figure 9In the diagram, (a) is the front view, (b) is the side view, and (c) is the top view.
[0042] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture body structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 10 In the diagram, (a) is a side view, (b) is a sectional view of (a) at angle AA, (c) is a top view of (a), and (d) is a sectional view of (c) at angle BB. Detailed Implementation
[0043] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials, comprising a main frame 1, a reciprocating displacement component 2, a high-temperature furnace component 3, a cooling medium tank 4, a cooling circulation component 5, and a fixture 6. The main frame 1 serves as the main frame of the testing machine. The reciprocating component 2 is installed on top of the main frame 1 and uses a crank-connecting rod mechanism to drive the clamp 6 and the sample to reciprocate between the high-temperature furnace component 3 and the cooling medium tank 4. The high-temperature furnace component 3 is located in the lower internal space of the main frame 1 and is used to heat the sample entering the furnace. The cooling medium tank 4 is located below the high-temperature furnace component 3 and is coaxially installed in the lower internal space of the main frame 1, with its center line coinciding with the center line of the clamp 6. It is used to cool the sample entering the cooling medium tank 4, and the liquid level in the cooling medium tank 4 remains constant. The cooling circulation component 5 is located in the lower internal space of the main frame 1 and is used to circulate the cooling medium between the cooling medium tank 4 and the cooling circulation component 5, and to remove the heat generated by the high-temperature sample being inserted into the cooling medium. The clamp 6 is installed at the lower end of the slide rod of the reciprocating component 2 and is used to clamp the sample and, driven by the reciprocating component 2, drive the sample to reciprocate between the high-temperature furnace component 3 and the cooling medium tank 4.
[0045] 1. Host Framework
[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, the main frame 1 consists of a lower frame 1-1, an upper frame 1-2, and a protective cover 1-3. The lower frame 1-1 has a square hole in the middle of its worktable surface for the clamp 6 and the sample to pass through. The upper frame 1-2 is arranged on the worktable surface of the lower frame 1-1, and the two are rigidly connected together by bolts. The protective cover 1-3 is used to surround the reciprocating component 2 located at the top of the main frame 1 to achieve safety protection and also to achieve an aesthetically pleasing appearance.
[0047] like Figure 3As shown, the lower frame 1-1 consists of a lower aluminum alloy frame 1-1-1, a work surface 1-1-2, a surrounding panel 1-1-3, and a base plate 1-1-4. The lower aluminum alloy frame 1-1-1 forms the main frame, with double-opening swing doors in both the front and rear directions for easy operation and maintenance. The workbench 1-1-2 is mounted on the top surface of the lower aluminum alloy frame 1-1-1 with screws, serving as the operating platform for the main unit. A square hole is opened in the middle for the clamp 6 and the sample to pass through. The foot plate 1-1-4 supports the entire lower frame 1-1 and the main unit, and is also used to adjust the level of the main unit. The surrounding plate 1-1-3 surrounds the lower aluminum alloy frame 1-1-1, forming an internal space for arranging the high-temperature furnace component 3, the cooling medium tank 4, and the cooling circulation component 5. The center lines of the high-temperature furnace component 3 and the cooling medium tank 4 are aligned with the center line of the main unit, ensuring that the heating position of the sample is in the center of the high-temperature furnace chamber and that the cooling position of the sample is in the center of the cooling medium tank. The surface of the surrounding plate 1-1-3 has evenly distributed ventilation holes, and exhaust fans are also arranged on both sides of the surrounding plate to dissipate internal heat.
[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, the upper frame 1-2 consists of an upper aluminum alloy frame 1-2-1, an upper platform 1-2-2, and a surrounding panel 1-2-3. The upper aluminum alloy frame 1-2-1 is installed on the workbench surface 1-1-2 of the lower frame 1-1 and connected by bolts; the upper platform 1-2-2 is installed on top of the upper aluminum alloy frame 1-2-1, and the upper surface of the upper platform 1-2-2 is used to arrange the reciprocating component 2; the surrounding panel 1-2-3 is used to surround the upper aluminum alloy frame 1-2-1, and the front panel serves as a control panel, on which control switches and a touch screen are arranged for convenient operation.
[0049] 2. Reset component
[0050] like Figure 5As shown, the reciprocating component 2 consists of a planetary gear reducer 2-1, an AC servo motor 2-2, a reducer base 2-3, a turntable 2-4, a rotating arm 2-5, a slide rod 2-6, a trigger plate 2-7, a proximity switch base 2-8, a proximity switch 2-9, a photoelectric switch base 2-10, a photoelectric switch 2-11, a linear bearing base 2-12, and a linear bearing 2-13. The AC servo motor 2-2 is coaxially mounted at the input end of the planetary gear reducer 2-1. After the planetary gear reducer 2-1 reduces the speed, it drives the turntable 2-4 to rotate, forming the power source for the reciprocating component. The reducer base 2-3 is used to... The planetary gear reducer 2-1 is installed; the turntable 2-4, the rotating arm 2-5, the slide rod 2-6, and the linear bearing 2-13 form a crank-connecting rod mechanism. The slide rod 2-6 is slidably constrained by the inner hole of the linear bearing 2-13, so that it can only move up and down. The lower end of the slide rod 2-6 is connected to the clamp 6 and the sample to make vertical reciprocating motion. The upper end of the slide rod 2-6 and the lower end of the rotating arm 2-5 are constrained together by the pin, and the rotating arm 2-5 can swing freely around the pin. The rotation of the turntable 2-4 drives the rotating arm 2-5 to swing back and forth, which drives the slide rod 2-6 to move up and down back and forth. Finally, the clamp 6 drives the sample to move back and forth between the high-temperature furnace component 3 and the cooling medium tank 4.
[0051] The speed of the AC servo motor 2-2 is controlled to regulate the vertical movement of the sample. The heating and cooling times of the sample are controlled by adjusting the intermittent dwell time of the AC servo motor 2-2. Specifically, the sample moves downwards within the high-temperature furnace component 3, accelerating until it reaches the middle position where the swing angle of the rotating arm 2-5 is at its maximum, resulting in the maximum sample speed. The sample then decelerates until it reaches the cooling medium tank, at which point the swing angle of the rotating arm 2-5 is 0 degrees, the sample speed drops to zero, and the turntable 2-4 stops rotating. The sample cools in the cooling medium tank for the specified cooling time, after which the turntable 2-4 restarts. The sample then undergoes another acceleration-deceleration process to reach the high-temperature furnace component, where the turntable 2-4 stops, and the sample begins heating. After the specified heating time is reached, the turntable 2-4 restarts, and this cycle repeats continuously.
[0052] The signal transmitter 2-7 is mounted on the turntable 2-4 and is position-adjustable. It provides position signals to the proximity switch 2-9 and the photoelectric switch 2-11. The proximity switch 2-9 and the photoelectric switch 2-11 transmit the position signals to the host control system to perform closed-loop control on the AC servo motor 2-2. This control is used to control the up-and-down movement speed of the sample and its residence time in the high-temperature furnace components and the cooling medium tank. The proximity switch holder 2-8 and the photoelectric switch holder 2-10 are used to install the proximity switch 2-9 and the photoelectric switch 2-11. The linear bearing holder 2-12 is used to install and fix the linear bearing 2-13.
[0053] Driven by the reciprocating component 2, the sample reciprocates periodically between the high-temperature furnace component 3 and the cooling medium tank 4. The number of cycles is collected and recorded by the proximity switch 2-9 and the photoelectric switch 2-11, thereby obtaining the thermal fatigue resistance of the metal material.
[0054] 3. High-temperature furnace components
[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, the high-temperature furnace component 3 consists of a furnace shell 3-1, a furnace lining 3-2, a heating element 3-3, a thermocouple 3-4, a connector 3-5, and a mounting base 3-6. The furnace shell 3-1 is made of heat-resistant stainless steel and wraps around the furnace lining 3-2, forming a closed space and constituting the main body of the high-temperature furnace component. Both the upper and lower surfaces of the furnace shell 3-1 have coaxial square holes to support the movement of samples and fixtures inside and outside the furnace. The furnace lining 3-2 is made of aluminum silicate plate, with its outer side fitting against the inner wall of the furnace shell 3-1, forming the furnace chamber. The heating elements 3-3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the furnace chamber for heating it. The temperature of the furnace chamber is transmitted in real time to the high-temperature furnace controller via the thermocouple 3-4, enabling closed-loop temperature control within the furnace chamber to maintain the temperature at a given upper limit. The connector 3-5 connects the high-temperature furnace component 3 to the high-temperature furnace controller, allowing for easy connection and disconnection. Mounting brackets 3-6 are installed between the high-temperature furnace component 3 and the worktable of the main frame 1, forming an air gap between the high-temperature furnace component 3 and the worktable, reducing the heat conduction of the high-temperature furnace component 3 to the worktable, and lowering the working temperature of the worktable.
[0056] 4. Cooling medium tank
[0057] like Figure 7As shown, the cooling medium tank 4 consists of a tank body 4-1, a support frame 4-2, a slide rail 4-3, a sealing strip 4-4, an observation window 4-5, a liquid inlet 4-6, a liquid outlet 4-7, and a drain outlet 4-8; wherein, the tank body 4-1 is a liquid tank with an open top, which is welded from stainless steel plates, and the welding is continuous and leak-free. The tank body 4-1 has a two-layer structure, with the inner layer being lower than the outer layer. The bottom plate of the inner tank has two inlets: one inlet (4-6) is higher than the bottom of the tank and receives the cooling medium from the cooling circulation components; the other inlet (4-8) is flush with the bottom of the tank and is used for draining waste from the inner medium tank. Similarly, the bottom plate of the outer medium tank also has two inlets: one inlet (4-7) is higher than the bottom of the tank to prevent debris from entering the cooling circulation components; the other inlet (4-8) is flush with the bottom of the tank and is used for draining waste from the outer medium tank. The cooling medium enters the inner tank through the inlet (4-6). Once the liquid level reaches the height of the inner tank, the cooling medium overflows into the outer tank, thus locking the liquid level and allowing for easy control of the sample insertion depth. The sample then enters the cooling circulation components 5 through the outlet (4-7) for cooling.
[0058] In a preferred embodiment, an observation window 4-5 is provided on the side wall of the tank body 4-1. The height of the observation window 4-5 is flush with the height of the inner medium tank of the tank body 4-1, and is used to observe the depth of the sample inserted into the cooling medium.
[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the tank body 4-1 is mounted on the slide rail 4-3 via the support frame 4-2, which allows the cooling medium tank to be pulled out and pushed in as a whole, facilitating the cleaning and maintenance of the cooling medium tank.
[0060] 5. Cooling circulation components
[0061] like Figure 8As shown, the cooling circulation component 5 consists of a housing 5-1, a compressor 5-2, a condenser 5-3, an evaporator 5-4, a low-temperature tank 5-5, a second thermocouple 5-6, a medium circulation pump 5-7, a medium outlet 5-8, a medium inlet 5-9, a medium inlet 5-10, a temperature controller 5-11, and a power switch 5-12. The housing 5-1 is a metal shell made of steel plate, forming the outer shell of the cooling circulation component. Its surface is covered with heat dissipation holes to remove heat generated during the refrigeration process. The compressor 5-2, condenser 5-3, and evaporator 5-4 form a refrigeration system. The refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 5-2, condensed in the condenser 5-3, and then evaporated in the evaporator 5-4, achieving a vaporization cycle. Through the vaporization process of the refrigerant in the evaporator 5-4, the evaporator 5-4 absorbs heat. The evaporator 5-4 is arranged inside the low-temperature tank 5-5 containing the cooling medium. The evaporator 5-4 absorbs heat from the surrounding medium, thus lowering the temperature of the cooling medium. The temperature of the cooling medium is controlled by controlling the compressor's running time. The cryogenic tank 5-5 holds the cooling medium, with an insulation layer between its inner and outer layers to insulate it from the temperature of the cooling medium. Thermocouple 5-6 collects the temperature of the cooling medium inside the cryogenic tank 5-5 and transmits it in real-time to the temperature controller 5-11, forming a closed-loop control of the compressor 5-2. The medium circulation pump 5-7 circulates the cooling medium between the cooling medium tank 4 and the cooling circulation component 5, stabilizing the temperature of the cooling medium in the cooling medium tank 4 at the set cooling temperature. The medium outlet 5-8 and medium inlet 5-9 are connected to the cooling medium tank 4, forming a cooling medium circulation loop, allowing the cooling medium to circulate between the cooling medium tank 4 and the cooling circulation component 5. The medium inlet 5-10 adds cooling medium to the cryogenic tank 5-5. The temperature controller 5-11 controls the start and stop of the compressor 5-2 and controls the temperature of the cooling medium inside the cryogenic tank 5-5. The power switch 5-12 connects to an external power source.
[0062] 6. Fixture
[0063] like Figure 9 As shown, the fixture 6 consists of a fixture body 6-1, a high-temperature fixture 6-2, and a fixture screw 6-3. The fixture body 6-1 is installed at the lower end of the slide rod of the reciprocating component 2; the high-temperature fixture 6-2 is made of high-temperature resistant material, with its upper end rigidly installed in the inner hole of the fixture body 6-1 and pressed by a pressure cap, and its lower end is fitted with a metal material sample by the fixture screw 6-3; the fixture screw 6-3 is made of high-temperature resistant material and is used to connect the high-temperature fixture 6-2 and the sample 7.
[0064] like Figure 10As shown, the clamp body 6-1 consists of a fixed base 6-1-1, a pressure cover 6-1-2, a rotating shaft 6-1-3, a pin 6-1-4, a clamping screw 6-1-5, a clamping nut 6-1-6, a positioning pin 6-1-7, and a locking screw 6-1-8. The fixed base 6-1-1 and the pressure cover 6-1-2 are hinged together by the rotating shaft 6-1-3. The pressure cover 6-1-2 can rotate freely around the axis of the rotating shaft 6-1-3, forming an openable clamping mechanism. Two semi-circular holes are located at the center of the clamping mechanism for clamping and fixing the high-temperature clamp 6-2. A positioning pin 6-1-7 is located at the center of the semi-circular holes of the fixed base 6-1-1, which is engaged in the positioning hole of the high-temperature clamp 6-2 for circumferential positioning of the high-temperature clamp 6-2. Position; Pin 6-1-4 is arranged at the end of fixed seat 6-1-1 and serves as the pivot of clamping screw 6-1-5; One end of clamping screw 6-1-5 has a circular hole perpendicular to its axis, which is fitted onto pin 6-1-4 and can rotate freely around pin 6-1-4; The other end of clamping screw 6-1-5 has a threaded structure, on which clamping nut 6-1-6 is screwed; Clamping nut 6-1-6 is used to clamp cover 6-1-2 and thus clamp high-temperature fixture 6-2; The other side of fixed seat 6-1-1 has an open circular hole with the same diameter as the slide rod of reciprocating component 2, which is used to connect slide rod. By tightening locking screw 6-1-8, the circular hole of fixed seat 6-1-1 undergoes elastic deformation, thereby clamping slide rod and forming a rigid connection.
[0065] This utility model discloses a thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials. The thermal fatigue test for metallic materials measures the damage caused by repeated cycles of thermal stress, that is, it tests the ability of metallic materials to resist failure under cyclic thermal stress. By measuring the length of the crack and recording the number of cycles, the thermal fatigue resistance of the metallic material is obtained. This resistance can be expressed as the crack length generated after a specified number of thermal cycles, or as the number of thermal cycles for a specified crack length.
[0066] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A thermal fatigue testing machine for metallic materials, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a high-temperature and cooling cycle test machine, which comprises the following parts: a main frame (1) as a main frame of the test machine; a reciprocating displacement component (2) installed on the top of the main frame (1) and driven by a crank connecting rod mechanism to drive a clamp (6) and a sample to move reciprocatingly between a high-temperature furnace component (3) and a cooling medium groove (4); the high-temperature furnace component (3) arranged in the internal space of the lower part of the main frame (1) and used for heating the sample entering the furnace; the cooling medium groove (4) arranged below the high-temperature furnace component (3) and coaxially installed in the internal space of the lower part of the main frame (1) and having the center line coinciding with the center line of the clamp (6) and used for cooling the sample entering the cooling medium groove (4) and keeping the height of the liquid level in the cooling medium groove (4) unchanged; a cooling circulation component (5) arranged in the internal space of the lower part of the main frame (1) and used for circulating the cooling medium between the cooling medium groove (4) and the cooling circulation component (5) and taking away the heat generated by the high-temperature sample inserted into the cooling medium; and the clamp (6) installed on the lower end of the slide rod of the reciprocating displacement component (2) and used for clamping the sample and driving the sample to move reciprocatingly between the high-temperature furnace component (3) and the cooling medium groove (4) under the driving of the reciprocating displacement component (2).
2. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, characterized by The main frame (1) is composed of a lower frame (1-1), an upper frame (1-2) and a protective cover (1-3); wherein a square hole is opened in the middle position of the workbench surface of the lower frame (1-1) for passing through the clamp (6) and the sample; the upper frame (1-2) is arranged on the workbench surface of the lower frame (1-1) and rigidly connected with the lower frame (1-1) by bolts; and the protective cover (1-3) is used for surrounding the reciprocating displacement component (2) located on the top of the main frame (1).
3. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, characterized by The reciprocating displacement component (2) is composed of a planetary gear reducer (2-1), an alternating current servo motor (2-2), a reducer base (2-3), a rotating disc (2-4), a rotating arm (2-5), a sliding rod (2-6), a trigger plate (2-7), a proximity switch base (2-8), a proximity switch (2-9), a photoelectric switch base (2-10), a photoelectric switch (2-11), a linear bearing base (2-12) and a linear bearing (2-13); wherein the alternating current servo motor (2-2) is coaxially installed on the input end of the planetary gear reducer (2-1), drives the rotating disc (2-4) to rotate after reducing the rotating speed by the planetary gear reducer (2-1), and forms the power source of the reciprocating displacement component; the reducer base (2-3) is used for installing the planetary gear reducer (2-1); the rotating disc (2-4), the rotating arm (2-5), the sliding rod (2-6) and the linear bearing (2-13) form a crank linkage mechanism, the sliding rod (2-6) is slidingly constrained in the inner hole of the linear bearing (2-13), so that it can only move up and down, the lower end of the sliding rod (2-6) is connected with the jig (6) and the sample to make vertical reciprocating movement, the upper end of the sliding rod (2-6) and the lower end pin shaft of the rotating arm (2-5) are constrained together, and the rotating arm (2-5) can freely swing around the pin shaft; the rotation of the rotating disc (2-4) drives the rotating arm (2-5) to reciprocating swing, drives the sliding rod (2-6) to reciprocating move up and down, and finally drives the sample to reciprocating move between the high-temperature furnace component (3) and the cooling medium groove (4) through the jig (6); the trigger plate (2-7) is installed on the rotating disc (2-4) and can be adjusted in position, and is used for providing position signals for the proximity switch (2-9) and the photoelectric switch (2-11); the proximity switch (2-9) and the photoelectric switch (2-11) transmit the position signals to the host control system, and perform closed-loop control on the alternating current servo motor (2-2); the proximity switch base (2-8) and the photoelectric switch base (2-10) are used for installing the proximity switch (2-9) and the photoelectric switch (2-11); and the linear bearing base (2-12) is used for installing the fixed linear bearing (2-13).
4. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein The high-temperature furnace component (3) is composed of a furnace shell (3-1), a furnace lining (3-2), a heating body (3-3), a thermocouple (3-4), a socket (3-5) and a mounting base (3-6); wherein the furnace shell (3-1) is wrapped outside the furnace lining (3-2) to form a closed space, coaxial square holes are formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the furnace shell (3-1) to support the movement of the sample and the jig in and out of the furnace; the furnace lining (3-2) is made of an aluminum silicate plate, and an internal space forms a furnace chamber; the heating body (3-3) is arranged on both sides of the furnace chamber to heat the furnace chamber; the temperature of the furnace chamber is transmitted to the high-temperature furnace controller in real time through the thermocouple (3-4) to perform closed-loop control on the temperature in the furnace chamber; the socket (3-5) is used for connecting the high-temperature furnace component (3) and the high-temperature furnace controller; and the mounting base (3-6) is installed between the high-temperature furnace component (3) and the workbench surface of the host frame (1).
5. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein The cooling medium tank (4) comprises a tank body (4-1), an inlet (4-6), an outlet (4-7) and a drain (4-8); the tank body (4-1) is an open-top liquid tank, which is divided into an inner layer and an outer layer, the height of the inner layer is lower than that of the outer layer, the bottom plate of the inner layer tank is provided with two pipe openings, one pipe opening is higher than the tank bottom and is the inlet (4-6) for receiving the cooling medium from the cooling circulating component, the other pipe opening is flush with the tank bottom and is the drain (4-8) for cleaning the inner layer tank, the cooling medium enters the inner layer tank from the inlet (4-6), when the liquid level reaches the height of the inner layer tank, the cooling medium overflows to the outer layer tank and then enters the cooling circulating component (5) through the outlet (4-7) for cooling.
6. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 5, wherein The sidewall of the tank body (4-1) is provided with an observation window (4-5), the height of the observation window (4-5) is flush with the height of the inner layer tank of the tank body (4-1), which is used for observing the depth of the sample inserted into the cooling medium.
7. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 5, wherein The tank body (4-1) is installed on the slide rail (4-3) through the bearing frame (4-2).
8. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein The cooling circulation component (5) is composed of a shell (5-1), a compressor (5-2), a condenser (5-3), an evaporator (5-4), a low-temperature barrel (5-5), a second thermocouple (5-6), a medium circulation pump (5-7), a medium outlet (5-8), a medium inlet (5-9), a medium adding port (5-10), a temperature control instrument (5-11) and a power switch (5-12). The shell (5-1) is a metal shell made of a steel plate, which constitutes an external shell of the cooling circulation component and is provided with heat dissipation holes on the surface for removing heat generated in the refrigeration process. The compressor (5-2), the condenser (5-3) and the evaporator (5-4) constitute a refrigeration system. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor (5-2) is condensed in the condenser (5-3) and then evaporated in the evaporator (5-4) to realize vaporization circulation. The evaporator (5-4) absorbs heat through the evaporation and vaporization process of the refrigerant in the evaporator (5-4). The evaporator (5-4) is arranged in the low-temperature barrel (5-5) containing cooling medium, absorbs heat from the surrounding medium through the evaporator (5-4), and reduces the temperature of the cooling medium. The low-temperature barrel (5-5) is used for containing the cooling medium, and the inner and outer layers are a heat preservation layer for isolating the temperature of the cooling medium. The second thermocouple (5-6) is used to collect the temperature of the cooling medium in the low-temperature barrel (5-5) and transmit it to the temperature control instrument (5-11) in real time to form a closed loop control of the compressor (5-2). The medium circulation pump (5-7) is used for the circulation flow of the cooling medium between the cooling medium tank (4) and the cooling circulation component (5), so that the temperature of the cooling medium in the cooling medium tank (4) is stabilized at the set cooling temperature. The medium outlet (5-8) and the medium inlet (5-9) are connected with the cooling medium tank (4) respectively to form a cooling medium circulation loop, so that the cooling medium circulates between the cooling medium tank (4) and the cooling circulation component (5). The medium adding port (5-10) is used to add cooling medium to the low-temperature barrel (5-5). The temperature control instrument (5-11) is used to control the start and stop of the compressor (5-2) and the temperature of the cooling medium in the low-temperature barrel (5-5). The power switch (5-12) is connected with an external power source.
9. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein The clamp (6) is composed of a clamp body (6-1), a high-temperature clamp (6-2) and a clamp screw (6-3). The clamp body (6-1) is installed at the lower end of the slide rod of the reciprocating displacement component (2). The high-temperature clamp (6-2) is made of high-temperature resistant material, and the upper end is rigidly installed in the inner hole of the clamp body (6-1) and is pressed by a gland. The lower end is connected with the metal material sample through the clamp screw (6-3). The clamp screw (6-3) is made of high-temperature resistant material and is used to connect the high-temperature clamp (6-2) and the metal material sample.
10. The metal material cold-heat fatigue testing machine according to claim 9, wherein The clamp body (6-1) is composed of a fixed seat (6-1-1), a gland (6-1-2), a rotating shaft (6-1-3), a pin shaft (6-1-4), a compression screw (6-1-5), a compression nut (6-1-6), a positioning pin shaft (6-1-7) and a locking screw (6-1-8); the fixed seat (6-1-1) and the gland (6-1-2) are hinged together through the rotating shaft (6-1-3), the gland (6-1-2) is freely rotatable around the rotating shaft (6-1-3) axis, and a clamping mechanism is formed, the center of the clamping mechanism is provided with two semicircular hole structures for clamping and fixing the high-temperature clamp (6-2); the fixed seat (6-1-1) is provided with the positioning pin shaft (6-1-7) at the center of the semicircular hole, which is clamped in the positioning hole of the high-temperature clamp (6-2) for the circumferential positioning of the high-temperature clamp (6-2); the pin shaft (6-1-4) is arranged at the end of the fixed seat (6-1-1) and used as the rotating shaft of the compression screw (6-1-5); one end of the compression screw (6-1-5) is provided with a circular hole perpendicular to the axis, which is sleeved on the pin shaft (6-1-4) and freely rotatable around the pin shaft (6-1-4), the other end of the compression screw (6-1-5) is threaded, and the compression nut (6-1-6) is screwed thereon; the compression nut (6-1-6) is used to compress the gland (6-1-2) and further clamp the high-temperature clamp (6-2); the other side of the fixed seat (6-1-1) is provided with an open circular hole with the same diameter as the slide rod of the reciprocating displacement component (2) for connecting the slide rod, and the locking screw (6-1-8) is tightened to make the circular hole of the fixed seat (6-1-1) elastically deform and further clamp the slide rod to form a rigid connection.