Device for measuring natural repose angle of bulk solid in laboratory

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for measuring the natural repose angle of a bulk solid in a laboratory. The device comprises a supporting structure, a lifting mechanism, a measuring cylinder and a measuring plate, the supporting structure comprises a base, a vertical frame and a top cover, an annular scale is arranged on the base, the vertical frame is fixedly connected with the base, and the vertical frame is provided with a sliding rail and a height scale; the lifting mechanism comprises a cylinder lifting frame, a pulley block, a top pulley, a lifting soft steel wire and a lifter, the lifter is fixed to the back face of the vertical frame and connected with the lifting soft steel wire, and the other end of the lifting soft steel wire is connected with the cylinder lifting frame through the top pulley; the cylinder lifting frame is connected with the measuring cylinder, and the measuring cylinder is slidably connected with the sliding rail through a pulley block. According to the utility model, the repose angle can be simply and conveniently measured. The measuring cylinder is used for containing bulk materials and is driven by the gear motor to ascend and descend, and ore rock bulk materials in a natural accumulation state are obtained. And measuring the diameter and height of the bottom of the stockpile, and calculating to obtain the repose angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of angle of repose measurement, and in particular relates to a device for measuring the natural angle of repose of a granular object in the laboratory. Background Technology

[0002] The angle of repose is the maximum angle of inclination at which a bulk material can maintain a naturally stable state when stacked, and it is one of the important parameters characterizing the flowability of the bulk material. When determining the angle of repose, the characteristics of the material being measured should be fully considered. Different measuring devices are used to determine the angle of repose for particles of different sizes and different stacking environments. Existing equipment for measuring the angle of repose of particles is mainly designed for powdery or fine sand-like particles. Research on measuring devices for mineral and rock bulk materials with particle sizes less than 2 cm is limited, especially the lack of automated devices for measuring the angle of repose of such bulk materials.

[0003] In the prior art, patent application number CN202323332133.2 discloses an angle of repose measuring instrument. This instrument uses a stirring rod to facilitate the agitation of powder. First, the operator pours an equal amount of powder into a funnel. A controller moves a telescopic rod out of the funnel opening, allowing the powder to flow through the funnel onto a tray. Then, a first motor is started, driving a connecting shaft to rotate. This connecting shaft, through meshing first and second bevel gears, drives a rotating rod within a bearing. The stirring rod on the rotating rod agitates the powder in the funnel, making its flow smoother and ensuring accurate measurement results. However, this method does not simplify the angle of repose measurement process, and the overall structure of the device is relatively complex. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a device for measuring the natural angle of repose of granular materials in the laboratory. This device can measure the angle of repose of granular materials in a natural deposition state in the laboratory, and can meet the requirements for measuring the angle of repose of granular materials with a particle size of less than 2 cm, thus achieving a simple and convenient measurement of the angle of repose.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technical solution:

[0006] A laboratory apparatus for measuring the natural angle of repose of a loose material includes a support structure, a lifting mechanism, a measuring cylinder, and a measuring plate. The support structure includes a base, a stand, and a top cover. A circular scale is provided on the base. The stand is fixedly connected to the base. A sliding rail is provided on the front of the stand, and height scales are provided on both sides of the sliding rail.

[0007] The lifting mechanism includes a cylindrical lifting frame, a pulley block, a top pulley, a lifting flexible steel wire, a lifting device, and a geared motor. The lifting device is fixed to the back of the upright frame, and the geared motor drives the lifting device. The lifting device is connected to the lifting flexible steel wire, and the other end of the lifting flexible steel wire is connected to the cylindrical lifting frame via the top pulley, which is connected to the top of the upright frame. The cylindrical lifting frame is connected to the measuring cylinder, and the measuring cylinder is slidably connected to the sliding rail via the pulley block. The measuring plate can be connected to the bottom of the measuring cylinder.

[0008] The cylindrical lifting frame includes a clamp, a connecting rod, and a movable plate. The clamp is used to fix the measuring cylinder. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the clamp, and the other end is fixedly connected to the movable plate. The movable plate is slidably connected to the sliding rail through a pulley block. The middle part of the connecting rod is connected to the lifting soft steel wire.

[0009] The pulley system consists of four micro pulleys, which are connected to the four corners of the movable plate.

[0010] The circular scale is composed of several equally spaced circular lines, with the circular lines set at the same center.

[0011] The spacing between the circular engravings is 5–10 mm.

[0012] The top of the support frame is fixedly connected to a top cover, and the lifting soft steel wire is set between the top pulley and the top cover.

[0013] The lifting soft steel wire is a steel wire with a diameter of less than 2mm.

[0014] The measuring cylinder is a straight tubular structure, and the measuring cylinder is coaxial with the circular scale.

[0015] The diameter to height ratio of the measuring cylinder is 1:3.

[0016] The measuring plate includes a plug-in cylinder and a positioning plate. The bottom of the plug-in cylinder is fixedly connected to the positioning plate. The plug-in cylinder is a straight cylinder structure with a closed bottom. The bottom surface of the positioning plate and the bottom surface of the plug-in cylinder are on the same plane.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This utility model is applicable to the measurement of the angle of repose of bulk materials with a particle size of less than 2cm. It uses a measuring cylinder to hold the bulk material to avoid the phenomenon of material hanging. The measuring cylinder is driven to lift and lower by a geared motor, which can control the lifting and lowering speed of the measuring cylinder to obtain the bulk minerals in the natural stacking state.

[0019] 2. This utility model utilizes a circular scale to accurately obtain the diameter of the stockpile. The measuring plate is installed at the bottom of the measuring cylinder and aligned with the height scale to facilitate obtaining the height of the ore stockpile. Then, the angle of repose is obtained through calculation, achieving a simple and convenient measurement of the angle of repose. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is the front view of the supporting structure.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the supporting structure.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the base.

[0024] Figure 5 This is the front view of the measuring plate.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a top view of the measuring plate.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Measuring cylinder 2. Base 3. Top cover 4. Top pulley 5. Stand 6. Lifting soft steel wire 7. Pulley block 8. Clamp 9. Connecting rod 10. Lifter 11. Gear motor 12. Cover plate 13. Sliding rail 14. Height scale 15. Circular scale 16. Speed ​​controller 17. Main power switch 18. Through hole 19. Micro pulley 20. Measuring plate 21. Insertion cylinder 22. Positioning plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that the implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0028] See Figures 1-6 A laboratory apparatus for determining the angle of repose of bulk materials includes a support structure, a lifting mechanism, a measuring cylinder 1, and a measuring plate 20. The support structure includes a base 2, a frame 5, and a top cover 3. The base 2 is made of steel plate and has a circular scale 15 for measuring the diameter of the bulk material after natural accumulation. The frame 5 is welded to the base 2. The front of the frame 5 is made of metal plate, with a wide groove in the middle forming a sliding track 13, which serves as the lifting channel for the moving plate 12 of the lifting mechanism. Height scales 14 are provided on both sides of the sliding track 13 for measuring the height of the bulk material pile.

[0029] See Figures 1-3The lifting mechanism includes a cylindrical lifting frame, a pulley block 7, a top pulley 4, a lifting flexible steel wire 6, a lifting device 10, and a reduction motor 11. The lifting device 10 is fixed to the back of the upright frame 5. The reduction motor 11 drives the lifting device 10. The lifting device 10 is connected to the lifting flexible steel wire 6. The other end of the lifting flexible steel wire 6 is connected to the cylindrical lifting frame via the top pulley 4, ensuring the verticality of the flexible steel wire's path during lifting and lowering. The top cover 3 is made of metal plate and is fixed to the top of the upright frame 5 with screws. The lifting flexible steel wire 6 is positioned between the top pulley 4 and the top cover 3. The top pulley 4 is connected to the top of the upright frame 5. There are two sets of top pulleys 4, one above the lifting device 10 and the other above the connecting rod 9. The cylindrical lifting frame is connected to the measuring cylinder 1. The measuring cylinder 1 and the sliding rail 13 are slidably connected via the cylindrical lifting frame and the pulley block 7. The measuring plate 20 can be connected to the bottom of the measuring cylinder 1. The pulley block 7 consists of four micro pulleys 19, which are connected to the four corners of the movable plate 12. The lifting soft steel wire 6 is a steel wire with a diameter of 2mm.

[0030] The cylindrical lifting frame includes a clamp 8, a connecting rod 9, and a moving plate 12. The clamp 8 is used to fix the measuring cylinder 1. The clamp 8 can be made of two semi-circular thin metal plates, one end of which is hinged to each other, and the other end is fixedly connected by bolts. One end of the connecting rod 9 is welded to the clamp 8, and the other end is fixedly connected to the moving plate 12. The moving plate 12 is slidably connected to the sliding rail 13 through a pulley block 7. A through hole 18 is opened in the middle of the connecting rod 9 for connecting the lifting soft steel wire 6. In addition, a speed controller 16 and a main power switch 17 are set on the base 2. The speed controller 16 is used to control the speed of the geared motor 11 to ensure smooth lifting of the measuring cylinder 1; the main power switch 17 controls the main power supply of the device.

[0031] See Figure 4 The circular scale 15 consists of several equally spaced circular lines, all aligned with the center of the circle. The distance between the circular lines is 5 mm.

[0032] See Figure 1 The measuring cylinder 1 is a straight tubular structure, and it is coaxial with the circular scale 15. The measuring cylinder 1 is made of acrylic, without a bottom or cover, with an inner diameter of 80mm and an outer diameter of 100mm. The ratio of the cylinder diameter to its height is 1:3.

[0033] See Figure 5 , Figure 6 The measuring plate 20 includes a plug-in cylinder 21 and a positioning plate 22. The bottom of the plug-in cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 22. The plug-in cylinder 21 is a straight cylinder structure with a closed bottom. The inner diameter of the plug-in cylinder 21 matches the outer diameter of the measuring cylinder 1. The bottom surface of the positioning plate 22 and the bottom surface of the plug-in cylinder 21 are on the same plane.

[0034] See Figures 1-6 The experiment for determining the natural angle of repose of irregular spherical objects includes the following steps:

[0035] 1) Before the experiment, check the apparatus to ensure that the top of the connecting rod 9 of the lifting soft steel wire 6 is vertical and the cylindrical lifting frame is horizontal with the base 2. Then place the empty measuring cylinder 1 inside the cylindrical lifting frame, with the bottom of the measuring cylinder 1 resting on the base 2, and fix the clamp 8.

[0036] 2) Load the granular material to be tested into the measuring cylinder 1, keeping the particle state similar to the simulated measurement state. Fill until it is flush with the top edge of the measuring cylinder 1.

[0037] 3) Turn on the main power switch 17. The speed control motor 11 and speed controller 16 will cause the lifting device 10 to rotate at a constant speed. The lifting device 10 will pull the lifting soft steel wire 6, which will in turn drive the bottomless measuring cylinder 1 to rise at a constant speed. At this time, the loose material will flow out naturally from the bottom of the measuring cylinder 1. After all the loose material has flowed out, the measuring cylinder 1 will continue to rise to the set height.

[0038] 4) Based on the natural accumulation state of the bulk material, three measuring points are evenly set around it. The diameter of the bulk material pile is measured using the circular scale 15. The average value of the measurement data from the three measuring points is taken as the diameter D of the bulk material pile.

[0039] 5) Connect the insertion tube 21 of the measuring plate 20 to the bottom of the measuring cylinder 1. Make the positioning plate 22 of the measuring plate 20 as close as possible to the height scale 14. Lower the measuring cylinder 1 until the measuring plate 20 contacts the top of the bulk material pile. Turn off the main power switch 17 and read the position of the positioning plate 22 on the height scale 14 to obtain the height H of the bulk material pile.

[0040] 6) Based on the above measured data, the natural angle of repose of the scattering body in this experiment is obtained by using the arctangent function and the arctan(2H / D) formula.

[0041] When the measurement conditions change, such as when measuring the angle of repose of different granular materials and under different compaction conditions, first clean the base 2, then repeat steps 1) to 6) to complete the new measurement. Alternatively, multiple tests can be conducted under the same granular material and the same compaction conditions, and the average value can be taken to obtain a more accurate angle of repose.

[0042] This invention is applicable to the measurement of the angle of repose of bulk materials with a particle size of less than 2cm. A measuring cylinder 1 is used to hold the bulk material to avoid the phenomenon of material hanging. A geared motor 11 drives the measuring cylinder 1 to lift and lower, which can control the lifting and lowering speed of the measuring cylinder 1 and obtain the bulk minerals in the natural accumulation state.

[0043] Through the above specific embodiments, those skilled in the art can easily implement this utility model. However, it should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. Based on the disclosed embodiments, those skilled in the art can arbitrarily combine different technical features to achieve different technical solutions. Due to space limitations and for the sake of brevity, not all of these combined solutions have been described. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An apparatus for laboratory determination of the angle of repose of a bulk material, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of measuring device, including support structure, lifting mechanism, measuring cylinder, measuring plate;Support structure includes base, stand, top cover, is equipped with circular ring scale on base, stand is fixedly connected with base, the front of stand is equipped with sliding rail, height scale is equipped on the both sides of sliding rail; Lifting mechanism includes cylinder lifting frame, pulley block, top pulley, lifting soft steel wire, lifter, speed reducer motor, lifter is fixed in the back of stand, speed reducer motor drives lifter, lifter is connected with lifting soft steel wire, lifting soft steel wire other end is connected with cylinder lifting frame by top pulley, top pulley is connected in stand top;Cylinder lifting frame is connected with measuring cylinder, and measuring cylinder is slidably connected with sliding rail by pulley block;Measuring plate can be connected with the bottom of measuring cylinder; The top of the stand is fixedly connected with the top cover, and the lifting soft steel wire is arranged between the top pulley and the top cover. The measuring plate includes a spigot and a positioning plate, the spigot is fixedly connected with the positioning plate at the bottom, the spigot is a straight cylinder structure with a closed bottom, and the bottom surface of the positioning plate is in the same plane with the bottom surface of the spigot.

2. A device for measuring the angle of repose of a bulk solid according to claim 1, characterised in that, The cylinder lifting frame includes a clamp, a connecting rod and a moving plate, the clamp is used for fixing the measuring cylinder, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the clamp, the other end is fixedly connected with the moving plate, the moving plate is slidably connected with the sliding rail by the pulley block, and the connecting rod is connected with the lifting soft steel wire at the middle part.

3. A device for measuring the angle of repose of a bulk solid according to claim 2, characterised in that, The pulley block is composed of four micro pulleys, and the micro pulleys are respectively connected at the four corners of the moving plate.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The circular ring scale is composed of a plurality of equidistant circular graduation lines, and the circular graduation lines are arranged with the same center.

5. A device for measuring the angle of repose of a bulk solid according to claim 4, characterised in that, The distance between the circular graduation lines is 5-10 mm.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The lifting soft steel wire is a steel wire with a diameter of less than 2 mm.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The measuring cylinder is a straight pipe structure, and the measuring cylinder is coaxial with the circular ring scale.

8. A device for measuring the angle of repose of a bulk solid according to claim 7, characterised in that, The ratio of the diameter to the height of the measuring cylinder is 1:3.

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