Soil information acquisition device and acquisition system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil information acquisition device and an acquisition system, the soil information acquisition device comprises a shell, a downward electric push-pull mechanism is arranged in the shell along the vertical direction, the push-pull tail end of the electric push-pull mechanism is connected with a soil sensor, the soil sensor comprises a probe and at least one probe, and the probe is connected with the electric push-pull mechanism. The probe is fixedly connected with the push-pull tail end of the electric push-pull mechanism, and at least one probe is arranged below the probe. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that the acquisition point location of soil information can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, the efficiency of the unmanned aerial vehicle is higher than that of manual acquisition, and the independent modular design is convenient for equipment maintenance or replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural equipment, and in particular to a soil information acquisition device and acquisition system. Background Technology

[0002] Unmanned farms place high demands on precision agriculture, requiring comprehensive and accurate acquisition of information on crop growth status and environment. Meteorological information such as air temperature and humidity can be obtained through observation of small / micro weather stations, while pest and disease information can be determined by using drones with hyperspectral imaging and machine learning or high-definition RGB images and deep learning. More difficult to obtain is soil information from the crop roots, including soil moisture content, soil EC value, and soil pH value.

[0003] Currently, remote sensing technology can only obtain information about the surface of crops to indirectly infer the state of the soil, and can generally only draw qualitative conclusions, while the accuracy of quantitative inversion is difficult to meet practical needs. Another approach is to deploy a large number of soil sensors in the field. This approach has at least two shortcomings: first, once the soil sensors are buried, the collection points are fixed and cannot be flexibly selected as needed; second, the sensors buried in the soil are easily damaged when the land is tilled. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes a soil information acquisition device and system, which mainly solves the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the first aspect of this utility model proposes a soil information acquisition device, including a housing, an electric push-pull mechanism with a downward orientation provided inside the housing along the vertical direction, a soil sensor connected to the push-pull end of the electric push-pull mechanism, the soil sensor including a probe and at least one probe, the probe and the push-pull end of the electric push-pull mechanism being fixedly connected, the at least one probe being located below the probe, and a bottom drilling hole provided at the bottom of the housing, the position of the bottom drilling hole being directly opposite the soil sensor.

[0006] In some embodiments, the electric push-pull mechanism includes a sleeve, a push-pull motor, a transmission gear, a lead screw nut, and a push-pull rod. The sleeve is fixedly installed on the inner top of the housing. The push-pull motor is installed on one side of the sleeve. The output shaft of the push-pull motor is connected to the transmission gear through a coupling or flange. The transmission gear is connected to the lead screw nut through a coupling or flange. The lead screw nut is sleeved inside the sleeve through a slider and a guide rail. The push-pull rod and the lead screw nut are fixedly connected by threads or a flange.

[0007] In some embodiments, the housing also includes a control module and a power module, the control module being electrically connected to the push-pull motor, the probe, and the power module, respectively.

[0008] In some embodiments, a pressure sensor is provided on the outer bottom of the housing, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control module.

[0009] In some implementations, a wireless communication module is also included, which is electrically connected to the control module and is used to receive remote commands or transmit collected data back.

[0010] The second aspect of this utility model provides a soil information acquisition system, including a soil information acquisition device, a drone, and a connecting mechanism. A gimbal is provided below the drone, and one end of the connecting mechanism is connected to the gimbal, while the other end is connected to the top of the outer shell.

[0011] In some embodiments, the connecting mechanism is an electric telescopic rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the gimbal and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the housing, and the electric telescopic rod has an electric telescopic function.

[0012] In some embodiments, the connecting mechanism is a connecting rod of fixed length, one end of which is fixedly connected to the gimbal and the other end is fixedly connected to the top of the housing.

[0013] In some embodiments, the connecting mechanism is a traction rope, with a first hook and a second hook respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the traction rope. A first buckle and a second buckle are respectively provided at the bottom of the gimbal and the top of the outer shell. The first hook is fastened to the first buckle, and the second hook is fastened to the second buckle.

[0014] In some embodiments, the gimbal is also equipped with a camera for acquiring image information.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: the soil information collection points can be flexibly selected according to actual needs; drones are more efficient than manual collection; and the independent modular design facilitates equipment maintenance or replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the soil information acquisition device disclosed in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the soil information acquisition device disclosed in this utility model embodiment in its working mode;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the soil information acquisition system disclosed in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electric push-pull mechanism disclosed in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] The components are: 1-outer shell, 11-drill hole, 12-pressure sensor, 2-acquisition module, 21-sleeve, 22-push-pull rod, 23-push-pull motor, 231-push-pull motor output shaft, 24-probe, 25-probe, 26-transmission gear, 27-lead screw, 28-nut, 281-slider, 3-control module, 4-power module, 5-electric telescopic rod, 6-UAV, 61-gimbal. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer and more explicit, the content of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining this utility model and not for limiting it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0022] Example

[0023] This embodiment proposes a soil information acquisition device, the longitudinal cross-sectional view of which is shown below. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a housing 1, a data acquisition module 2, a control module 3, and a power supply module 4. The data acquisition module 2 includes an electric push-pull mechanism and a soil sensor. The electric push-pull mechanism includes a sleeve 21, a push-pull rod 22, and a push-pull motor 23. The sleeve 21 is fixedly installed vertically on the inner top of the housing 1, and the push-pull motor 23 is installed on one side of the sleeve 21. The internal structure of the electric push-pull mechanism is as follows... Figure 4 As shown, the output shaft 231 of the push-pull motor 23 is connected to the transmission gear 26 via a flange. The transmission gear along the vertical plane and the transmission gear along the horizontal plane mesh with each other. The output shaft of the transmission gear along the horizontal plane is connected to the lead screw 27 via a flange. The outer surface of the lead screw 27 and the inner surface of the nut 28 have matching threads. The nut 28 and the push-pull rod 22 are fixedly connected. The outer surface of the nut 28 is provided with two symmetrical sliders 281, and the inner surface of the sleeve 21 is provided with two guide rails along the vertical direction. The two sliders 291 are fitted into the guide rails. Thus, when the push-pull motor 23 rotates the output shaft 231, the lead screw 27 is rotated through the transmission gear 26. Since the nut 28 is restricted from rotation by the sliders 281 and the guide rails, it is forced to move in the vertical direction (depending on the rotation direction of the push-pull motor output shaft 231), thereby converting the forward and reverse rotational force of the push-pull motor 23 into linear push and pull forces, causing the push-pull rod 22 to perform linear reciprocating motion in the vertical direction.

[0024] The soil sensor is a multi-functional sensor for soil moisture, soil EC value, and soil pH value. It includes a probe 24 and three probes 25. The probe 24 has a cylindrical structure with a diameter slightly larger than that of the sleeve 21 to achieve a limiting function. In this embodiment, the outer shell of the probe 24 is made of metal, which is more durable than the plastic shell of ordinary sensors. The probe 24 and the push-pull rod 22 are fixedly connected. More preferably, the two are detachably connected by a threaded structure for easy maintenance. The three probes 25 are arranged in an equilateral triangle below the probe 24. The bottom of the outer shell 1 has a bottom drill hole 11, which is directly opposite the probe 25. The length of the push-pull rod 22 is approximately the same as the length of the probe 25. A pressure sensor 12 is provided on the outer bottom of the outer shell 1 to detect whether the outer shell 1 is touching the ground.

[0025] Control module 3 is electrically connected to power module 4, push-pull motor 23, and probe 24. When soil information needs to be collected, control module 3 controls push-pull motor 23 to drive push-pull rod 22, applying downward force to probe 24, inserting probe 25 downward into the soil, and reading soil information, such as... Figure 2 As shown. When the control module 3 has a wireless communication submodule, the read soil information can be transmitted back to the control center in real time.

[0026] This embodiment also proposes a soil information acquisition system, such as Figure 3 As shown, the system includes a soil data acquisition device, an electric telescopic pole 5, and a drone 6. The drone 6 is equipped with a gimbal 61. One end of the electric telescopic pole 5 is connected to the gimbal 61, and the other end is connected to the top of the outer casing 1. The electric telescopic pole 5 has an electric telescopic function, is divided into three sections, each 1m long, and its total length is greater than the height of most crops. In use, the drone 6 is first controlled to fly above the target location, descend to a height slightly higher than the crop plants, and hover. The electric telescopic pole 5 is then controlled to extend downwards. When the reading of the pressure sensor 12 exceeds a certain value, the electric telescopic pole 5 stops working. At this point, the outer casing 1 has descended to the ground. The push-pull motor 23 drives the push-pull rod 22 to apply downward thrust, pushing the probe 25 of the soil sensor downwards to insert into the soil and read soil information. When the control module 3 has a wireless communication submodule, the collected soil information, along with latitude and longitude information, can be transmitted back to the control center in real time. When the gimbal 61 is also equipped with a camera, it can capture high-definition images of the leaf scale at close range while collecting soil information, and combine them with a preset deep learning model for disease and pest diagnosis.

[0027] Farmland / orchards can be divided into several irrigation areas in advance. After the soil information of all points is collected and transmitted back, it can be used by the smart agriculture brain to make decisions, such as: combining the water and fertilizer requirements of the target crop in its growth stage to determine the amount of irrigation and fertilizer per unit area in different irrigation areas, and instructing other smart agricultural machinery to take corresponding actions to achieve precision irrigation and fertilization.

[0028] Taking winter wheat as an example, this crop is widely distributed in the Huang-Huai-Hai region. If there are 10,000 winter wheat plots scattered across various locations, soil information for each plot is collected every 5 or 10 days using a five-point or nine-point method, with the sowing date as the baseline. After the wheat harvest, the total dry weight yield of each plot is measured, and the yield per acre is calculated based on the plot area. The average soil parameters of the 1,000 winter wheat plots with the highest yields are then taken, plus or minus one standard deviation, as the suitable range. This expert knowledge, directly derived from production practice (from the top 10% of skilled grain growers), provides important reference for field management for all wheat farmers. This approach can be applied to other food crops or cash crops to increase crop yields.

[0029] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the substance of the content of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A soil information gathering device comprising a housing, characterised in that, The outer shell is provided with a downward electric push-pull mechanism in the vertical direction, the push-pull end of the electric push-pull mechanism is connected with a soil sensor, the soil sensor comprises a probe and at least one probe, the probe is fixedly connected with the push-pull end of the electric push-pull mechanism, and the at least one probe is arranged below the probe, and the bottom of the outer shell is provided with a downhole.

2. The soil information gathering device of claim 1, wherein, The electric push-pull mechanism comprises a sleeve, a push-pull motor, a transmission gear, a screw nut and a push-pull rod, the sleeve is fixedly installed at the inner top of the outer shell, the push-pull motor is installed at one side of the sleeve, the output shaft of the push-pull motor is connected with the transmission gear through a shaft coupling or a flange, the transmission gear is connected with the screw nut through a shaft coupling or a flange, the screw nut is sleeved in the sleeve through a sliding block and a guide rail, and the push-pull rod and the screw nut are fixedly connected through threads or flanges.

3. The soil information gathering device of claim 2, wherein, The outer shell is further provided with a control module and a power module, and the control module is electrically connected with the push-pull motor, the probe and the power module respectively.

4. The soil information gathering device of claim 3, wherein, The outer bottom of the outer shell is provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the control module.

5. The soil information gathering device of claim 3, wherein, A wireless communication module is further included, which is electrically connected with the control module and used for receiving remote instructions or transmitting collected data back.

6. A soil information acquisition system characterized by comprising: The soil information collection device comprises the unmanned aerial vehicle and the connecting mechanism, the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a holder, one end of the connecting mechanism is connected with the holder, and the other end is connected with the top of the outer shell.

7. The soil information acquisition system of claim 6, wherein, The connecting mechanism is an electric telescopic rod, one end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the holder, and the other end is fixedly connected with the top of the outer shell.

8. The soil information acquisition system of claim 6, wherein, The connecting mechanism is a connecting rod with a fixed length, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the holder, and the other end is fixedly connected with the top of the outer shell.

9. The soil information acquisition system of claim 6, wherein, The connecting mechanism is a traction rope, the upper and lower ends of the traction rope are respectively provided with a first hanging buckle and a second hanging buckle, the bottom of the holder and the top of the outer shell are respectively provided with a first buckle ring and a second buckle ring, the first hanging buckle is buckled on the first buckle ring, and the second hanging buckle is buckled on the second buckle ring.

10. The soil information acquisition system according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein The holder is further provided with a camera, and the camera is used for collecting image information.

Images