Automatic sounding bone drill based on electromagnetic braking

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of electric drills, and particularly discloses an automatic sounding bone drill based on electromagnetic braking, which comprises a casing, and a first accommodating bin and a second accommodating bin are formed in the casing; a battery and a motor switch are arranged in the first accommodating bin; a driving motor is arranged in the second containing bin and electrically connected to the motor switch, the driving motor is connected with a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is in transmission connection with a drill clamp. The drill clamp is connected with a drill bit; a first capacitive grating assembly is further arranged in the second containing bin, a movable grating and an electromagnet are fixed to the first capacitive grating assembly, the first capacitive grating assembly is connected with a second capacitive grating assembly in a penetrating mode, the movable grating and the electromagnet are both in communication connection with the driving motor, the second capacitive grating assembly is provided with a fixed grating ruler, a depth measuring rod is fixed to the second capacitive grating assembly, the depth measuring rod is connected with a depth measuring head, and the drill bit penetrates through the depth measuring head. When the bone is drilled through, the electromagnet is started to attract the fixed grating ruler and lock the telescopic position of the measuring rod, and meanwhile, the driving motor is controlled to stop running, so that the drilling safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of electric drill technology, specifically relating to an automatic depth-measuring bone drill based on electromagnetic braking. Background Technology

[0002] Bone drilling is a common surgical procedure in clinical surgery. From cranial biopsy in neurosurgery to spinal reconstruction in spinal surgery to joint replacement prosthesis installation in joint surgery, bone drills are required to drill holes in the surgical area.

[0003] In traditional bone drill designs, a high-speed rotating motor outputs power, which is then reduced in speed and increased in torque by a gearbox, driving the drill chuck and drill bit to complete the rotary drilling and cutting function. Clinically, the operation of bone drill instruments relies entirely on the surgeon's experience and touch to identify the drilling depth and location. The interior and lower layers of the human skeleton are mainly composed of soft tissues such as bone marrow, nerves, and blood vessels. During orthopedic surgery, contact between surgical instruments and these soft tissues should be avoided as much as possible to prevent irreversible damage. However, because drilling requires the surgeon to apply pressure with both hands to achieve the desired effect, and because the surgeon cannot accurately predict the drilling depth, once the bone is drilled through, the applied force is often not quickly withdrawn, and the drive motor cannot brake in time. Therefore, it is impossible to completely avoid collateral damage to the body's soft tissues.

[0004] To address the problem that existing bone drills cannot brake in time after drilling through to stop the hole, the structure of the electric drill needs to be improved to solve the current technical problem. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic depth-measuring bone drill based on electromagnetic braking. At the moment the bone is drilled through, an electromagnet is activated to attract the fixed grid ruler, locking the extension and retraction position of the measuring rod. At the same time, the drive motor is controlled to stop running, thereby improving drilling safety.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an automatic depth-measuring bone drill based on electromagnetic braking, comprising a housing, wherein a battery and a drive motor are disposed within the housing; a motor switch is electrically connected between the battery and the drive motor;

[0007] The output shaft of the drive motor is equipped with a reducer, and the output end of the reducer is connected to a drill chuck, which is detachably connected to a drill bit.

[0008] A first capacitive grid assembly is detachably fixedly connected inside the housing. A movable grid and an electromagnet are detachably fixedly connected to the top and bottom surfaces of the first capacitive grid assembly, respectively. Both the movable grid and the electromagnet are electrically connected to the battery and communicatively connected to the drive motor. A second capacitive grid assembly is connected through the first capacitive grid assembly. A fixed grid scale is provided on the side of the second capacitive grid assembly near the movable grid. A depth measuring rod is detachably fixed to the end of the second capacitive grid assembly near the drill chuck. A depth measuring head is fixedly connected to the end of the depth measuring rod away from the second capacitive grid assembly. The drill bit passes through the depth measuring head.

[0009] To better realize this utility model, the housing is formed by two parts connected by a mortise and tenon structure. The housing forms a first receiving compartment and a second receiving compartment. The first receiving compartment is connected to the side wall of the second receiving compartment and is pistol-shaped. The battery and motor switch are both embedded in the first receiving compartment, and the drive motor and reducer are both embedded in the second receiving compartment.

[0010] To better realize this utility model, the motor switch is provided with a forward and reverse rotation lever.

[0011] To better realize this utility model, the housing is provided with a digital display screen near the drive motor, the digital display screen is electrically connected to the battery, and the moving grid is communicatively connected to the digital display screen.

[0012] To better realize this utility model, a buzzer is also provided inside the housing, and the buzzer is electrically connected to the battery and the forward / reverse lever.

[0013] To better realize this utility model, the digital display screen is communicatively connected to the buzzer.

[0014] To better realize this utility model, the output end of the reducer is provided with a fixed sleeve and a drive shaft. The fixed sleeve is detachably fixed to the housing of the reducer, the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer, and rotatably passes through the fixed sleeve through a bearing. The drill chuck is fixedly connected to the drive shaft.

[0015] To better realize this utility model, two bearings are provided and spaced apart. A bushing is provided between the two bearings. The transmission shaft has a protrusion near the drill chuck and a retaining ring is embedded near the reducer. The two bearings abut against the retaining ring and the protrusion respectively.

[0016] Beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention allows the measuring rod to slide onto the bone simultaneously with the drill bit contacting it. At this point, pressing the zeroing button on the digital display causes the measuring rod to move a distance equal to the drill bit's depth as it drills to a certain depth. The moment the bone is penetrated, an electromagnet activates to attract the fixed grid, locking the measuring rod in its extended position. Simultaneously, the drive motor stops, preventing the bone drill from continuing to move due to inertia. This ensures safer bone drilling and effectively reduces the risk of damage to other tissues in the patient. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a bone drill;

[0019] Figure 2 A diagram showing the internal structure of the bone drill after one side of the casing has been removed.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the bone drill as seen from the drill bit towards the housing.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of section AA.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 11. First receiving compartment; 12. Second receiving compartment; 2. Battery; 3. Motor switch; 4. Drive motor; 5. Reducer; 6. Drill chuck; 7. Drill bit; 8. First receiving grid assembly; 9. Moving grid; 10. Electromagnet; 11. Second receiving grid assembly; 12. Fixed grid ruler; 13. Depth measuring rod; 14. Depth measuring head; 15. Forward / reverse lever; 16. Digital display screen; 17. Buzzer; 18. Fixed sleeve; 19. Drive shaft; 20. Bearing; 21. Bushing; 22. Protrusion; 23. Retaining ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Example

[0024] like Figures 1-4As shown, an automatic depth-sounding bone drill based on electromagnetic braking includes a housing 1, within which a battery 2 and a drive motor 4 are housed. The drive motor 4 is a 12V 36mm motor. A motor switch 3 is electrically connected between the battery 2 and the drive motor 4. A reducer 5 is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor 4, and a drill chuck 6 is driven and connected to the output end of the reducer 5. A drill bit 7 is detachably connected to the drill chuck 6. The drill chuck 6 is a 0.8-8mm 3-8mm... 24UNF wrench chuck; drill chuck 6 is detachably connected to drill bit 7; inside the housing 1, a first retaining plate assembly 8 is fixedly connected to it by screws (three in total, respectively GB / T70.1-2000 hex socket head cap screw M2×3, GB71-85 slotted tapered set screw M2.5×3, and GB71-85 slotted tapered set screw M3×4), and the top and bottom surfaces of the first retaining plate assembly 8 are respectively fixedly connected to a moving part by screws (GB / T79-2000 hex socket head cap screw M2.5×3). The grid 9 and electromagnet 10, and the moving grid 9 and electromagnet 10 are both electrically connected to the battery 2. The moving grid 9 and electromagnet 10 are both communicatively connected to the drive motor 4. The first grid assembly 8 is connected through to the second grid assembly 11. The side of the second grid assembly 11 near the moving grid 9 is provided with a fixed grid ruler 12. The end of the second grid assembly 11 near the drill chuck 6 is fixed with a depth measuring rod 13 by screws (M3×8 internal hexagonal flat round head screws). The end of the depth measuring rod 13 away from the second grid assembly 11 is fixedly connected with a depth measuring head 14. The drill bit 7 passes through the depth measuring head 14.

[0025] The working principle of this utility model can be summarized as follows:

[0026] When drilling is required, the user selects a suitable drill bit 7 and installs it on the drill chuck 6. The battery 2 provides power to the drive motor 4, and the drive motor 4 is rotated forward by the motor switch 3. When the drill bit 7 contacts the bone, the top of the measuring rod also slides to the bone. At this time, the zeroing button on the digital display 16 is pressed. When the drill bit 7 drills to a certain depth, the measuring rod moves the same distance as the depth along with the moving grid 9. When the bone is drilled through, the electromagnet 10 is activated to attract the fixed grid ruler 12, locking the extension and retraction position of the measuring rod. At the same time, the drive motor 4 stops running, controlling the bone drill to prevent it from continuing to move due to inertia, thereby protecting the patient.

[0027] The drive motor 4 is reversed by the motor switch 3, and the drill chuck 6 and drill bit 7 gradually exit the hole; the motor reducer 5 is a device used to reduce the output speed of the motor and increase the output torque. It reduces the rotational motion of the motor and transmits the power to the load through a gear set or pulley mechanism, thereby achieving the purpose of deceleration.

[0028] Preferably, the housing 1 is formed by two parts connected by a tenon and mortise structure, which is convenient for disassembly and installation; the housing 1 forms a first receiving compartment 101 and a second receiving compartment 102, the first receiving compartment 101 is connected to the side wall of the second receiving compartment 102, and is pistol-shaped, which is convenient for the user to hold; the battery 2 and the motor switch 3 are both embedded in the first receiving compartment 101, and the drive motor 4 and the reducer 5 are both embedded in the second receiving compartment 102.

[0029] Preferably, the motor switch 3 is equipped with a forward / reverse lever 15. Most existing electric drills use direct forward and reverse switches, and the drilling and retraction operations of the drill bit 7 are completed by pressing different switches. However, this operation method has a certain risk of operation error. If the wrong switch is pressed when retraction is needed, drilling will continue and damage parts that do not need to be drilled. However, this application has a one-way drive component. Even if retraction is needed, pressing the motor switch 3 will not cause the drill bit 7 to continue rotating. Only by moving the forward / reverse lever 15 to adjust it to the reverse state of the drive motor 4, and then pressing the motor switch 3, will the drive motor 4 drive the drill bit 7 to rotate under the action of the one-way drive component, effectively eliminating the risk of misoperation.

[0030] Preferably, the housing 1 is equipped with a digital display screen 16 near the drive motor 4. The digital display screen 16 is electrically connected to the battery 2, and the moving grid 9 is communicatively connected to the digital display screen 16. The digital display screen 16 displays the depth of bone penetration. During the movement of the measuring rod, the digital display screen 16 reads and displays the depth data in real time. By observing the drilling depth data, the doctor can grasp the drilling progress and reduce the drilling pressure in time so that he can stop drilling in time after penetrating the bone. After the bone is penetrated, the drive motor 4 stops running, and the depth information can be read through the digital display screen 16.

[0031] Preferably, a buzzer 17 is also provided inside the housing 1. The buzzer 17 is electrically connected to the battery 2 and the forward / reverse lever 15. In order to more clearly know the current rotation direction of the drive motor 4 of the electric drill, the present invention provides a buzzer 17 and electrically connects it to the forward / reverse lever 15. When the motor rotates forward, the buzzer 17 does not work. When the forward / reverse lever 15 is moved to reverse the motor, the buzzer 17 is powered on and starts working. The buzzer 17 will emit a prompt sound to indicate that it is in reverse, making the present invention safer and more reliable.

[0032] Preferably, the digital display screen 16 is communicatively connected to the buzzer 17. When the bone drill operator anticipates the bone depth through a CT scan, he sets the depth value on the digital display screen 16. When the drill bit 7 reaches the depth value, the digital display screen 16 controls the electromagnet 10 to brake the fixed grid ruler 12 and stops the drive motor 4 from running, thus preventing the bone drill from continuing to move due to inertia and protecting the patient.

[0033] Preferably, the output end of the reducer 5 is provided with a fixed sleeve 18 and a drive shaft 19. The fixed sleeve 18 is fixed to the housing of the reducer 5 by screws. The drive shaft 19 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reducer 5 and is rotatably connected to the fixed sleeve 18 through a bearing 20 (the bearing 20 adopts GB / T276-94 deep groove ball bearing 2061801-2Z). The drill chuck 6 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 19. There are two bearings 20, which are spaced apart. A bushing 21 is provided between the two bearings 20. The drive shaft 19 has a protrusion 22 near the drill chuck 6 and a retaining ring 23 near the reducer 5. The retaining ring 23 adopts GB894.1-86 shaft elastic retaining ring 23A type 12×1. The two bearings 20 respectively abut against the retaining ring 23 and the protrusion 22, which facilitates the installation of the bearings 20 and provides stable support for the drive shaft 19 through the two bearings 20.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic brake-based automatic depth-sensing bone drill, characterized by, Including the casing (1), battery (2) and drive motor (4) are equipped in the casing (1);Battery (2) and drive motor (4) are electrically connected with motor switch (3) between; The output shaft of the drive motor (4) is provided with a speed reducer (5), the output end of the speed reducer (5) is drivingly connected with a drill chuck (6), the drill chuck (6) is detachably connected with a drill bit (7); The casing (1) is detachably fixedly connected with a first grid assembly (8), the top surface and the bottom surface of the first grid assembly (8) are detachably fixedly connected with a movable grid (9) and an electromagnet (10) respectively, the movable grid (9) and the electromagnet (10) are electrically connected to the battery (2), the movable grid (9) and the electromagnet (10) are communicatively connected to the drive motor (4), the first grid assembly (8) is connected with a second grid assembly (11), one side of the second grid assembly (11) close to the movable grid (9) is provided with a fixed grid ruler (12), one end of the second grid assembly (11) close to the drill chuck (6) is detachably fixedly connected with a depth measuring rod (13), one end of the depth measuring rod (13) away from the second grid assembly (11) is fixedly connected with a depth measuring head (14), the drill bit (7) penetrates the depth measuring head (14).

2. The electromagnetic brake based automatic depth sensing bone drill of claim 1, wherein, The casing (1) is formed by two parts connected by mortise and tenon structure, the casing (1) forms a first accommodating bin (101) and a second accommodating bin (102), the first accommodating bin (101) is communicated with the side wall of the second accommodating bin (102), and the casing (1) is in the shape of a pistol;The battery (2) and the motor switch (3) are embedded in the first accommodating bin (101), and the drive motor (4) and the speed reducer (5) are embedded in the second accommodating bin (102).

3. The electromagnetic brake based automatic depth sensing bone drill of claim 1, wherein, The motor switch (3) is provided with a forward and reverse rotating rod (15).

4. An electromagnetic brake based automatic depth sensing bone drill according to claim 3, wherein, The casing (1) is provided with a digital display screen (16) close to the drive motor (4), the digital display screen (16) is electrically connected to the battery (2), and the movable grid (9) is communicatively connected to the digital display screen (16).

5. An electromagnetic brake based automatic depth sensing bone drill according to claim 4, wherein, The casing (1) is further provided with a buzzer (17), and the buzzer (17) is electrically connected to the battery (2) and the forward and reverse rotating rod (15).

6. An electromagnetic brake based automatic depth sensing bone drill according to claim 5, wherein, The digital display screen (16) is communicatively connected to the buzzer (17).

7. The electromagnetic brake based automatic depth sensing bone drill of claim 1, wherein, The output end of the speed reducer (5) is provided with a fixed sleeve (18) and a transmission shaft (19), the fixed sleeve (18) is detachably fixed on the shell of the speed reducer (5), the transmission shaft (19) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer (5) and rotatably penetrates the fixed sleeve (18) through a bearing (20), and the drill chuck (6) is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (19).

8. An electromagnetic brake based automatic depth sensing bone drill according to claim 7, wherein, The bearing (20) is provided with two, and interval setting, two bearing (20) between the shaft sleeve (21) is provided, the transmission shaft (19) has near the drill chuck (6) of protruding (22), and embedded with near the retainer (23) of the reducer (5), two bearing (20) respectively abuts to the retainer (23) and protruding (22).

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