Miniature three-axis integrated optical fiber gyroscope structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of miniature three-axis integrated optical fiber gyroscope structures, and provides a miniature three-axis integrated optical fiber gyroscope structure, which improves the precision and ensures the anti-interference capability, and comprises an outer cover, and a power supply module, a light source module, a detector module, a main control module, a temperature control module and an optical module which are arranged in the outer cover, the optical module comprises an optical fiber ring formed by pure optical fibers, and the outer cover is made of materials with an electromagnetic wave shielding function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of a miniature three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope structure, specifically, to a miniature three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope structure. Background Technology

[0002] A fiber optic gyroscope is a fiber optic sensor used in inertial navigation, widely applied in aerospace, marine exploration, and high-precision positioning. With technological advancements, the demands for space and weight are increasing, leading to a growing need for miniature, lightweight, three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscopes.

[0003] The principle of the existing three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the components are then assembled using a specific structure to establish effective connections. However, the following problems still exist:

[0004] 1. A three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope contains fiber optic loops, and the length of these loops is a key factor affecting the gyroscope's accuracy. The fiber optic loop is made by winding a single fiber into a ring; therefore, increasing the size of the loop increases the fiber length, thus improving the gyroscope's accuracy. However, current three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscopes typically contain three identical fiber optic loops, which must be installed perpendicular to each other. Therefore, their outer diameter is smaller than the minimum of the product's length, width, and height. Furthermore, previous gyroscopes used magnetic shielding to separately wrap the fiber optic loops to protect them from external interference. While effective, this sacrificed usable space and limited the loop's size. This has resulted in current miniature three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscopes generally exhibiting problems such as short loop lengths and poor accuracy.

[0005] 2. The optical components in a fiber optic gyroscope are typically connected via fiber optic fusion splicing. However, optical fibers are fragile and can be easily scratched or broken with careless handling. Furthermore, improper wiring or layout, messy or unsecured wires can also damage the fiber optics. This is especially true in miniature three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscopes, where size limitations make it extremely challenging to rationally arrange and coil the double-ended pigtails within a confined space while ensuring easy operation for workers. This makes fiber coiling difficult, assembly processes cumbersome, and ultimately leads to low production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0006] One of the objectives of this invention is to propose a miniature three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope structure that improves accuracy while ensuring anti-interference capability.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A miniature three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope structure includes an outer casing and a power module, a light source module, a detector module, a main control module, a temperature control module, and an optical module installed inside the outer casing. The optical module includes a fiber optic ring made of pure optical fiber, and the outer casing is made of a material with electromagnetic wave shielding function.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the outer cover has a skeleton with a hexahedral structure, and one side of the skeleton has an opening, while the other sides of the skeleton have coiling holes for mounting specified optical devices or coiling double-ended pigtails.

[0010] The cross-section of the coil hole is circular, and several protective ears are provided on the circumference of the coil hole.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the temperature control module includes a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the fiber optic ring, and both the temperature sensor and the light source module are mounted on the frame.

[0012] The detector module includes a power filter board, which is installed at the opening.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the main control module includes a gyroscope motherboard, and the power module includes a power filter board. The power filter board and the gyroscope motherboard are assembled into an L-shape by pin headers and then soldered.

[0014] Furthermore, the pads on the power filter board have a rectangular structure.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the detector module includes a Y-waveguide and a double-ended pigtail for connecting the fiber optic ring and the Y-waveguide, and the frame has several wire holes.

[0016] The double-ended tail fiber is coiled around the ear protector along the coil hole and fixed with curing adhesive. Both the Y waveguide and the temperature sensor have wires. Each wire passes through the inner cavity of the skeleton and through the wire hole to be electrically connected to the gyroscope motherboard.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the temperature sensor is located inside the skeleton cavity and mounted on the back of the fiber optic ring.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the light source module is located inside the skeleton cavity and includes a light source box, a light source driver board and an SLD light source. The light source driver board is fixed to the light source box by fasteners, and the SLD light source is plugged into the solder hole of the light source driver board and simultaneously fixedly connected to the light source box by fasteners.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the outer cover is made of 1J50 iron-nickel soft magnetic alloy.

[0020] The working principle and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] This invention eliminates the need for a separate shielding fiber optic ring. Instead, the saved space is used to increase the size of the fiber optic ring, while a 1J50 iron-nickel soft magnetic alloy with electromagnetic wave shielding is selected as the product casing. This improves the accuracy of the fiber optic gyroscope while ensuring the product's anti-interference capability, achieving an optimized balance between performance and space utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber optic gyroscope.

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the miniaturized three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope.

[0025] Figure 3 An exploded view of a miniaturized three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope structure;

[0026] Figure 4 Assemble the main view for the skeleton;

[0027] Figure 5 Assemble the left view onto the skeleton;

[0028] Figure 6 Assemble the right view onto the skeleton;

[0029] Figure 7 A top view of the skeleton assembly is provided to show the Y-waveguide solder holes, detector solder holes, temperature sensor solder holes, and pin header solder holes on the gyroscope motherboard.

[0030] Figure 8 Assemble the skeleton from the bottom view;

[0031] Figure 9 Assemble the skeleton and view the rear.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a top view of the skeleton without the motherboard installed.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the light source module;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the skeleton's internal cavity.

[0035] In the picture:

[0036] 1. Top cover;

[0037] 2. Frame; 2-1. Opening; 2-2. Wire hole one; 2-3. Fiber coil hole; 2-4. Ear protector; 2-5. Fiber outlet hole one; 2-6. Fiber outlet hole two; 2-7. Wire hole two; 2-8. Wire hole three; 2-9. Wire hole four;

[0038] 3. Base;

[0039] 4. Y-waveguide;

[0040] 5. Fiber optic ring;

[0041] 6. Temperature sensor;

[0042] 7. Power supply filter board; 7-1. Solder pads; 7-2. Pin headers;

[0043] 8. Light source box;

[0044] 9. SLD light source;

[0045] 10. Light source driver board;

[0046] 11. 2×2 coupler;

[0047] 12. 1×3 coupler;

[0048] 13. Isolator;

[0049] 14. Detector;

[0050] 15. Gyroscope motherboard. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0052] like Figures 2 to 12 As shown, this embodiment proposes a miniature three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope structure. The main hardware components include, but are not limited to, an outer casing (or housing), and a power module, a light source module, a detector module 14, a main control module, a temperature control module, and an optical module installed inside the outer casing. The optical module includes fiber optic loops 5 (typically three loops) made entirely of optical fibers, used for sensing angular velocity.

[0053] In this embodiment, the outer casing consists of a top cover 1 and a base 3. Since the fiber optic ring 5 in this embodiment does not have an electromagnetic shielding layer, the outer casing (including the top cover 1 and the base 3) is made of a material with electromagnetic wave shielding function to ensure the product's anti-interference capability. This material is preferably an iron-nickel soft magnetic alloy 1J50, which provides excellent magnetic shielding performance, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and corrosion resistance, while also being lightweight and cost-effective. These characteristics make it an ideal choice for high-precision fiber optic gyroscope housings, especially suitable for aerospace, navigation systems, and other fields with extremely high performance requirements.

[0054] Furthermore, in previous technologies, the fiber optic pigtails of optical components lacked dedicated areas and were haphazardly coiled together. This not only made coiling difficult but also hindered accurate troubleshooting when problems arose. Replacing an optical component required removing all pigtails, replacing them, and then recoiling them in their proper positions – a cumbersome and time-consuming process that also carried the risk of fiber breakage and component damage.

[0055] Therefore, based on the above embodiment, a hollow frame 2 with a hexahedral structure can be provided inside the outer casing, with an opening 2-1 on one side of the frame 2. Coiling holes for mounting designated optical devices or winding various fiber optic cables are then provided on the remaining sides of the frame 2. The coiling holes have a circular cross-section, providing a large usable area. Several ear protectors 2-4 are provided on the circumference of the coiling holes to prevent optical path output loss due to excessively small bending radii. The ear protectors 2-4 also restrict the position of the fiber optic cables, preventing them from extending beyond the coiling surface and being crushed or damaged.

[0056] If a problem occurs during testing, the source of the problem can be quickly identified. If necessary, the faulty optical component and its pigtail can be removed, replaced, reinstalled, and coiled, which greatly shortens the operation time, reduces unnecessary operational errors, and lowers potential risks.

[0057] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the temperature control module includes a temperature sensor 6 (three in this embodiment) for detecting the temperature of the fiber optic ring 5. The temperature sensor 6 and the light source module are both installed in the inner cavity of the skeleton 2. Then, the power filter board 7 in the detector 14 module is installed at the opening 2-1, which not only improves the space utilization rate but also reduces the product volume, making the overall structure more compact.

[0058] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the main control module includes a gyroscope motherboard 15, and the power supply module includes a power filter board 7, such as... Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7As shown, the power filter board 7 and the gyroscope mainboard 15 are assembled into an L-shape via pin headers 7-2 and then soldered. The solder pads 7-1 of the power filter board 7 have a rectangular structure, increasing the soldering contact area of ​​the pin headers 7-2 to improve vibration performance. Compared to conventional power strip boxes or connector connections, this method saves space, and compared to wire connections, it avoids the problem of wire current interfering with nearby electronic components or damaging optical fibers due to improper wiring.

[0059] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the detector 14 module includes a Y-waveguide 4 and a double-ended pigtail for connecting the fiber optic ring 5 to the Y-waveguide 4. There are typically three Y-waveguides 4, each with two wires, and each temperature sensor 6 has three wires. Then, several wire holes are made on the frame 2, as shown in the diagram: guide hole one, guide hole two, guide hole three, and guide hole four.

[0060] By coiling the double-ended pigtail along the coil hole and ear protector 2-4 and fixing it with curing adhesive, each wire passes through the inner cavity of the skeleton 2 and through the corresponding wire hole to be electrically connected to the gyroscope motherboard 15, completely isolating the optical fiber and the wire. Compared with the previous method without isolation, this solution makes the internal structure of the product more neat and standardized, eliminates the hidden danger of the wire damaging the optical fiber, and enhances the overall safety and stability of the product.

[0061] In addition, based on the above embodiments, temperature sensors 6 are placed inside the skeleton 2 and installed one by one on the back of each fiber optic ring 5 to facilitate the detection of the temperature of the fiber optic ring 5.

[0062] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, the light source module is located inside the skeleton 2. In this embodiment, the light source module includes a light source box 8, a light source driver board 10, and an SLD light source 9. The light source driver board 10 is fixed to the light source box 8 by fasteners (preferably screws). The SLD light source 9 is inserted into the solder hole of the light source driver board 10 and is also fixedly connected to the light source box 8 by fasteners (preferably screws). Finally, the pins of the SLD light source 9 are soldered onto the light source driver board 10.

[0063] Specifically, during installation, the light source module can be pushed in through the opening 2-1 of the frame 2, and fixed to the inner cavity of the frame 2 with three screws through the opening 2-1, wire hole 2-7 and wire hole 2-8.

[0064] In the above embodiments, the installation methods of the remaining components are as follows:

[0065] During product assembly, components that are highly stable and do not require frequent operation once installed can be installed first into the frame 2. This not only improves the efficiency of space utilization and reduces the overall size of the product, but also reserves space for components with complex installation steps to be easily operated.

[0066] Three fiber optic rings 5 ​​are fixed to corresponding fixing slots on the right, back, and bottom surfaces of the frame 2 using curing adhesive. Because the fiber optic rings 5 ​​are not individually wrapped, space is saved, allowing for the installation of larger fiber optic rings 5 ​​with longer fiber lengths, ultimately achieving the goal of improving the accuracy of the fiber optic gyroscope.

[0067] The Y-waveguide 4 is installed by fixing and installing with screws. Then, the fiber loop 5 pigtail on the same mounting surface and the double-ended pigtail of the Y-waveguide 4 are cut to the required length and fused together. The pigtails are then coiled along the inside of the fiber coiling hole 2-3 and the ear protector 2-4 and fixed with curing adhesive.

[0068] The optical module also includes an isolator 13, a 2×2 coupler 11, and a 1×3 coupler 12. One fiber optic cable from the output of the 2×2 coupler 11 is cut to the required length and fused with the single-ended fiber optic cable of the Y-waveguide 4. Then, it is coiled along the fiber coiling holes 2-3 and inside the earpieces 2-4 on the mounting surface of the Y-waveguide 4 and fixed with adhesive. The other fiber optic cable from the output of the 2×2 coupler 11 is coiled into a loop smaller than φ5 and fixed with tape. Figure 5 The disc-shaped surface shown.

[0069] Subsequently, one pigtail from the input end of the 2×2 coupler 11 and one pigtail from the output end of the 1×3 coupler 12 are cut to the required length and then fused together, and then coiled around the coupler as described above. Figure 5 Fiber optic cable. The other pigtail at the input of the 2×2 coupler 11 is led through fiber outlet port 2-6 to... Figure 10 The coiled surface shown is fused to the detector 14 tail fiber after being cut to the required length, and then coiled around this surface in the same way as described above.

[0070] The remaining two fiber optic rings 5, Y-waveguide 4, 2×2 coupler 11, detector 14 pigtail, and the other two pigtails at the output end of 1×3 coupler 12 are all completed using the same steps and methods for the fiber winding fixture.

[0071] The fiber optic pigtails at the input end of the 1×3 coupler 12 and the output end of the isolator 13 are cut and fused together as described above, and then coiled around... Figure 5 The fiber surface shown.

[0072] Next, lead the SLD light source 9 out from fiber outlet 2-6, and cut and fused the pigtail at the input end of isolator 13 as described above, then coil it around... Figure 5 The fiber surface shown.

[0073] Finally, the 2×2 coupler 11, the 1×3 coupler 12, and the isolator 13 are fixed with curing adhesive. Figure 5 The mounting slot shown is now complete. At this point, the installation of the optical components and the winding of the pigtail for the miniaturized three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope are finished.

[0074] The above scheme designs all five outer surfaces of the frame 2 (except for the opening 2-1) as fiber coiling surfaces. Each fiber coiling surface has a designated area for mounting specific optical components and coiling their pigtails. This avoids the fiber optic cables becoming tangled together, which could cause pulling, friction, or vibration that could affect their performance. Furthermore, circular cross-section fiber coiling holes 2-3 and ear flaps 2-4 are designed, with the pigtails coiled along the fiber coiling holes 2-3.

[0075] like Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 12 As shown, wires are soldered onto the three Y-waveguides 4. The wires are led through wire holes 2-2 on the mounting surface into the inner cavity of the frame 2, and then exit through wire hole 2-8 to be soldered to the corresponding solder holes on the gyroscope mainboard 15. The wires of the three temperature sensors 6 are led through wire holes 2-9 and soldered to the corresponding solder holes on the gyroscope mainboard 15. The structural design completely isolates the optical fiber and the wires. All optical fibers are coiled around the outer surface of the frame 2, while all wires are routed through the inner cavity of the frame 2, passing through wire holes and soldered to the gyroscope mainboard 15 above. This makes the internal structure of the product more organized and standardized, eliminates the risk of wires damaging the optical fiber, and enhances the overall safety and stability of the product.

[0076] like Figure 3 , Figure 7 , Figure 10 As shown, the three detectors 14 are soldered together via solder holes on the gyroscope motherboard 15.

[0077] Then install the power module, following the method described above; this embodiment will not repeat the details. Compared to traditional power strip boxes or connector connections, this solution saves space; compared to soldering wires, it avoids interference from wire currents with nearby electronic components and the problem of damage to optical fibers due to improper wiring.

[0078] Finally, the top cover 1 and the base 3 are installed from the top and bottom positions respectively, and fixed to the frame 2 with 8 countersunk screws.

[0079] In summary, by increasing the size of the fiber optic ring 5 and installing a longer fiber optic ring 5, the goal of improving the accuracy of the fiber optic gyroscope is ultimately achieved through the above solutions. Using 1J50 iron-nickel soft magnetic alloy for the top cover 1 and base 3 reduces interference from external magnetic fields, thus ensuring the stability of the fiber optic gyroscope. The frame 2 is designed as a hexahedron, isolating it into an outer surface and an inner cavity, completely separating the optical path and circuit components to prevent interference and damage. For the outer surface, which requires careful and complex operation to mount optical components and coil their pigtails, five coiling surfaces are designed and designated areas are planned. These areas are used to mount specific optical components and coil their pigtails, preventing the fibers from becoming tangled and causing pulling, friction, or vibration that could affect performance. Coiling holes 2-3 and ear protectors 2-4 are designed to limit and protect the fibers, reducing the difficulty of coiling and operational errors. The inner cavity houses the stable and easily installed light source module, temperature sensor 6, and wiring, eliminating the risk of wire damage to the fiber and enhancing the overall safety and stability of the product. The power filter board 7 and the gyroscope mainboard 15 are welded together in an L-shape using pin headers 7-2, and installed at opening 2-1 and the upper side of the frame 2, making assembly simple and convenient. The entire product has only 4 structural components, which facilitates processing and reduces processing costs.

[0080] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A miniature three-axis integrated fiber optic gyroscope structure, comprising an outer casing, and a power module, a light source module, a detector (14) module, a main control module, a temperature control module, and an optical module installed within the outer casing, characterized in that, The optical module comprises a fiber ring (5) made of pure optical fiber, and the shell is made of a material with electromagnetic wave shielding function.

2. The micro three-axis integrated fiber-optic gyroscope structure according to claim 1, wherein, The shell is provided with a skeleton (2) in a hexahedral structure, one side of the skeleton (2) is provided with an opening (2-1), and the remaining sides of the skeleton (2) are all provided with wire coiling holes for mounting specified optical devices or coiling double-end fiber tails. The cross section of the wire coiling hole is a circular structure, and a plurality of lug ears (2-4) are arranged on the circumferential surface of the wire coiling hole.

3. The micro three-axis integrated fiber-optic gyroscope structure of claim 2, wherein, The temperature control module comprises a temperature sensor (6) for detecting the temperature of the fiber ring (5), and the temperature sensor (6) and the light source module are both mounted on the skeleton (2). The detector (14) module comprises a power filter board (7) mounted at the opening (2-1).

4. The micro three-axis integrated fiber-optic gyroscope structure of claim 3, wherein, The main control module comprises a gyro main board (15), the power module comprises a power filter board (7), the power filter board (7) and the gyro main board (15) are spliced into an L-shaped structure by means of pin (7-2) and are welded. The welding pad of the power filter board (7) is in a rectangular structure.

5. The micro three-axis integrated fiber-optic gyroscope structure of claim 4, wherein, The detector (14) module comprises a Y waveguide (4) and a double-end fiber tail for connecting the fiber ring (5) and the Y waveguide (4), and the skeleton (2) is provided with a plurality of wire holes. The double-end fiber tail is coiled along the wire coiling hole and the lug ear (2-4) and is fixed by curing glue, the Y waveguide (4) and the temperature sensor (6) both have wires, and each wire passes through the inner cavity of the skeleton (2) and penetrates through the wire hole to be electrically connected with the gyro main board (15).

6. The micro three-axis integrated fiber-optic gyroscope structure of claim 5, wherein, The temperature sensor (6) is located in the inner cavity of the skeleton (2) and is mounted on the back of the fiber ring (5).

7. The micro three-axis integrated fiber-optic gyroscope structure of claim 6, wherein, The light source module is located in the inner cavity of the skeleton (2) and comprises a light source box (8), a light source driving board (10) and an SLD light source (9), the light source driving board (10) is fixed to the light source box (8) by means of fasteners, the SLD light source (9) and the welding hole of the light source driving board (10) are inserted and connected, and the light source box (8) is fixedly connected by means of fasteners.

8. The micro three-axis integrated fiber-optic gyroscope structure according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, characterized in that, The shell is made of iron-nickel soft magnetic alloy 1J50.

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