Power equipment vibration monitoring sensor device

Abstract

The utility model provides a power equipment vibration monitoring sensor device. Relates to the technical field of power monitoring, and comprises a vibration sensor module, a data storage module, a signal processing module, a controller module, a communication module and a power management module. The signal output end of the vibration sensor module is connected with the signal input end of the data storage module; the data storage module is bidirectionally connected with the data processing module; the signal output end of the data storage module is connected with the signal input end of the controller module; the signal output end of the controller module is connected with the signal input end of the communication module. Through cooperative work of the vibration sensor module, the signal processing module, the data storage module, the controller module and the like, vibration of the power equipment can be comprehensively monitored, related data can be timely collected, processed and stored, and an accurate basis is provided for state monitoring of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of power monitoring technology, and in particular to a vibration monitoring sensor device for power equipment. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of power systems and the increasing demands for equipment operational stability, health monitoring of power equipment has become increasingly important. Vibration monitoring, as a non-invasive detection method, can effectively reflect the operating status of mechanical equipment and promptly detect potential faults, which is of great significance for preventive maintenance. However, traditional vibration monitoring methods often suffer from low data acquisition accuracy, limited processing capacity, large communication delays, and high energy consumption, making it difficult to meet the high precision, real-time performance, and reliability requirements of modern power equipment. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model provides a vibration monitoring sensor device for power equipment to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background.

[0004] This utility model discloses a vibration monitoring sensor device for power equipment. The device includes a vibration sensor module, a data storage module, a signal processing module, a controller module, a communication module, and a power management module. The signal output terminal of the vibration sensor module is connected to the signal input terminal of the data storage module. The data storage module and the data processing module are bidirectionally connected. The signal output terminal of the data storage module is connected to the signal input terminal of the controller module. The signal output terminal of the controller module is connected to the signal input terminal of the communication module. The power output terminal of the power management module is connected to the power input terminals of the vibration sensor module, data storage module, signal processing module, controller module, and communication module.

[0005] Furthermore, the vibration sensor module includes a vibration detection unit, a signal conditioning circuit, a self-test unit, and a temperature compensation unit; the signal output terminal of the vibration detection unit is connected to the signal input terminal of the signal conditioning circuit; the self-test unit is bidirectionally connected to the temperature compensation unit and the vibration detection unit; the signal output terminal of the signal conditioning circuit is also the signal output terminal of the vibration sensor module.

[0006] Furthermore, the vibration detection unit includes N accelerometers and gyroscopes, where N ≥ 2; the signal conditioning circuit includes an amplifier, a filter, and an isolator.

[0007] Furthermore, the data storage module includes a cache, a non-volatile memory, a data management unit, a data encryption unit, and a data compression unit; the data management unit is bidirectionally connected to the cache and the non-volatile memory; the data encryption unit and the data compression unit are connected in series between the data management unit and the non-volatile memory; the interface of the data management unit is the data input / output terminal of the data storage module.

[0008] Furthermore, the signal processing module includes an analog front-end, a data signal processor, an FPGA, a coprocessor, and an algorithm library; the signal output terminal of the analog front-end is connected to the input terminal of the digital signal processor; the signal output terminal of the digital signal processor is connected to the signal input terminal of the FPGA; the coprocessor is bidirectionally connected to the digital signal processor and exchanges data; the algorithm library is bidirectionally connected to the digital signal processor and the coprocessor and provides an instruction set; the signal input terminal of the analog front-end is also the signal input terminal of the signal processing module; the output terminal of the digital signal processor is also the signal output terminal of the signal processing module.

[0009] Furthermore, the analog front end includes an ADC converter, and the algorithm library is pre-loaded with various analysis algorithms.

[0010] Furthermore, the controller module includes a microcontroller unit, a real-time operating system, a user interface, a fault diagnosis unit, and a timer; the microcontroller unit is bidirectionally connected to the user interface, the fault diagnosis unit, and the timer via a bus; the real-time operating system runs on the microcontroller unit; and the I / O ports of the microcontroller unit are the input / output terminals of the controller module.

[0011] Furthermore, the communication module includes a protocol stack implementation unit, a physical layer interface, a MAC layer control unit, and a data link layer control unit; the protocol stack implementation unit is bidirectionally connected to the MAC layer control unit; the MAC layer control unit is bidirectionally connected to the data link layer control unit; the data link layer control unit is connected to an external network through the physical layer interface; the signal input terminal of the protocol stack implementation unit is also the signal input terminal of the communication model; the signal output terminal of the physical layer interface is the signal output terminal of the communication module.

[0012] Furthermore, the power management module includes a power input unit, a voltage regulator, a battery management system, and a power distribution unit; the output terminal of the power input unit is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator; the output terminal of the voltage regulator is connected to the input terminal of the power distribution unit; the battery management unit is bidirectionally connected to the voltage regulator and works in conjunction with it; the power distribution unit is used to supply power to the vibration sensor module, data storage module, signal processing module, controller module, and communication module, and the power output terminal of the power distribution module is also the power output terminal of the power management module.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Through the coordinated operation of the vibration sensor module, signal processing module, data storage module, and controller module, comprehensive monitoring of the vibration of power equipment can be achieved, and relevant data can be collected, processed, and stored in a timely manner, providing accurate basis for equipment status monitoring; the data storage module not only has a buffer and non-volatile memory, but also combines data management, data encryption, and compression functions, ensuring the security and efficiency of data storage, while reducing storage space requirements and improving data transmission efficiency; the signal processing module includes an analog front-end, a data signal processor, an FPGA, a coprocessor, and an algorithm library, enabling efficient processing and in-depth analysis of sensor signals, further improving the accuracy and reliability of vibration monitoring; the vibration sensor module integrates a self-test unit and a temperature compensation unit, enabling real-time detection of vibration. The system monitors the sensor's operating status and automatically adjusts for temperature deviations to ensure more accurate and stable measurement results. The controller module's fault diagnosis unit performs real-time diagnostics, promptly identifying potential faults and preventing further losses. Simultaneously, the real-time operating system ensures efficient system operation. The communication module incorporates a protocol stack, MAC layer control unit, and physical layer interface, achieving stable connectivity with external networks and ensuring real-time and accurate data transmission. The power management module, equipped with a voltage regulator, battery management system, and power distribution unit, intelligently allocates power according to the needs of each module, ensuring long-term stable system operation and reducing energy consumption. The vibration detection unit combines an accelerometer and gyroscope to enhance the perception of vibrations in all directions, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of vibration monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural components of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and "vertical" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0019] Furthermore, in the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "multiple", "multiple groups", and "multiple roots" mean two or more.

[0020] Unless otherwise specified, the materials, instruments and methods used in the following embodiments are all conventional materials, instruments and methods in the art and can be obtained through commercial channels.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, a vibration monitoring sensor device for power equipment includes a vibration sensor module, a data storage module, a signal processing module, a controller module, a communication module, and a power management module. The signal output terminal of the vibration sensor module is connected to the signal input terminal of the data storage module. The data storage module and the data processing module are bidirectionally connected. The signal output terminal of the data storage module is connected to the signal input terminal of the controller module. The signal output terminal of the controller module is connected to the signal input terminal of the communication module. The power output terminal of the power management module is connected to the power input terminals of the vibration sensor module, data storage module, signal processing module, controller module, and communication module.

[0023] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The vibration detection unit (including multiple accelerometers and gyroscopes) in the vibration sensor module is responsible for sensing the vibration of the power equipment. These sensors convert physical vibrations into electrical signals; the signal conditioning circuit preprocesses the raw electrical signals, such as amplification, filtering, and isolation, to improve signal quality and reduce noise interference; the self-test unit and temperature compensation unit ensure that the sensors maintain accuracy under different environmental conditions and can self-diagnose whether they are working properly; the preprocessed vibration signal is transmitted to the data storage module. The data management unit here first temporarily stores the data in the buffer area; if long-term storage or further analysis is required, the data will be reduced in size by the data compression unit and protected by the data encryption unit before being stored in non-volatile memory; there is a bidirectional connection between the data storage module and the signal processing module, allowing real-time access to the stored data for immediate analysis, and also supporting subsequent offline analysis; the signal processing module receives data from the data storage module. The analog front-end (AFE) uses an ADC converter to convert analog signals into digital signals; a digital signal processor (DSP) executes a series of algorithms to process the digitized vibration data, which may include spectral analysis, time-domain analysis, etc., to extract useful feature information; an FPGA or coprocessor can accelerate certain computational tasks according to specific needs, while an algorithm library provides a variety of preset analysis methods to choose from; the processed results are usually fed back to the data storage module for recording, and may also be sent directly to the controller module for real-time decision-making; the core of the controller module is the microcontroller unit (MCU), which runs a real-time operating system (RTOS) and coordinates the operation of the entire system; the user interface allows operators to monitor the system status, set parameters, or query historical data; the fault diagnosis unit continuously monitors the system's health status and immediately alarms upon detecting an anomaly; timers help to implement timed task scheduling, such as periodically uploading data or executing self-test programs; and the communication module is responsible for exchanging information with other external systems. The protocol stack implementation unit prepares data packets and ensures correct transmission through the MAC layer control unit and data link layer control unit; the physical layer interface ultimately sends data out or receives new instructions from the network, enabling the device to integrate into a wider range of monitoring networks and support remote configuration and data analysis; the power management module provides a stable power supply to all other modules. A voltage regulator ensures stable output voltage, the battery management system (BMS) maintains battery status, and the power distribution unit rationally allocates power; power management also includes adjusting the operating modes of each module according to actual needs, such as entering a low-power standby state to extend battery life and reduce energy consumption.

[0024] The effects of the above technical solution are as follows: The use of multi-axis accelerometers and gyroscopes (N≥2), combined with amplifiers, filters, and isolators in the signal conditioning circuit, ensures comprehensive and accurate capture of the vibration of power equipment; the application of self-testing and temperature compensation units enhances the system's self-diagnostic capabilities and environmental adaptability, reduces the impact of external factors on measurement results, and improves long-term operational reliability; the bidirectional connection between the data storage module and the signal processing module enables rapid analysis of pre-processed vibration data and allows for in-depth data mining in real-time or offline as needed; the high-precision ADC converter in the analog front-end (AFE), along with powerful digital signal processors (DSP), FPGAs, and coprocessors, jointly ensures efficient conversion from analog to digital signals and effective execution of complex algorithms, improving the speed and accuracy of fault diagnosis; the data encryption unit ensures the secure transmission and storage of sensitive information, preventing unauthorized access; the data compression unit effectively reduces storage space requirements and improves data read / write efficiency; non-volatile memory provides a stable and reliable data storage mechanism, protecting important data from loss even in the event of a power outage; and the complete protocol stack design ensures the stability of data transmission. Supporting multiple network protocols facilitates access to different communication networks, enabling remote monitoring and maintenance. The physical layer interface allows for real-time uploading of monitoring data to the cloud or other management systems, facilitating centralized management and big data analysis, and providing a scientific basis for decision-making. The voltage regulator, battery management system (BMS), and power distribution unit work together to ensure a stable power supply to each module, while extending battery life. Power management strategies can adjust the operating modes of each module according to actual needs, such as low-power standby mode, to save energy, making it particularly suitable for long-term unattended operating environments. The controller module integrates a microcontroller unit (MCU) and a real-time operating system (RTOS), ensuring system stability and supporting a user interface for more intuitive and convenient operation. The fault diagnosis unit automatically detects and reports abnormalities, reducing maintenance costs and time, and improving the system's self-healing capabilities. The modules are connected via clearly defined signal input and output ports, forming a compact and highly integrated system, reducing size and complexity, and improving reliability and maintainability. This modular design also reserves space for future functional expansion and technological upgrades, such as adding new sensor types or improving existing algorithms.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] The vibration sensor module includes a vibration detection unit, a signal conditioning circuit, a self-test unit, and a temperature compensation unit. The signal output terminal of the vibration detection unit is connected to the signal input terminal of the signal conditioning circuit. The self-test unit is bidirectionally connected to both the temperature compensation unit and the vibration detection unit. The signal output terminal of the signal conditioning circuit is also the signal output terminal of the vibration sensor module. The vibration detection unit includes N accelerometers and a gyroscope, where N ≥ 2. The signal conditioning circuit includes an amplifier, a filter, and an isolator.

[0027] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The vibration detection unit includes N accelerometers (N≥2) and at least one gyroscope. These sensors can capture the vibration of the power equipment in multiple directions, including linear acceleration and rotational motion. By deploying multiple accelerometers, vibration can be monitored simultaneously on different axes, thereby obtaining more comprehensive mechanical condition information and helping to more accurately locate the fault source. The weak electrical signal from the vibration detection unit is first amplified by an amplifier to ensure sufficient signal strength in subsequent processing stages. To reduce noise interference and extract useful signals, a filter is used to filter the amplified signal, removing unwanted frequency components such as high-frequency noise or low-frequency drift. To protect the back-end circuit from the influence of potential high voltage or current spikes at the front end, an isolator is used for electrical isolation, ensuring the stability and safety of the system. The self-test unit is responsible for periodically checking the status of the vibration detection unit and the temperature compensation unit to ensure their normal operation. It can verify the correctness of the sensor response by sending test signals and feed the results back to the controller or other monitoring systems. If an anomaly is detected, the self-test unit will trigger an alarm or take other measures, such as automatic restart or parameter adjustment, to maintain the reliability of the system. The temperature compensation unit monitors the ambient temperature in real time and adjusts the output of the vibration detection unit according to temperature changes to eliminate measurement errors caused by temperature fluctuations. This process is bidirectional, meaning that the temperature compensation unit not only affects the output of the vibration detection unit but can also receive data from the vibration detection unit for more accurate compensation calculations. The vibration signal optimized by the signal conditioning circuit is used as the final output of the vibration sensor module and transmitted to the subsequent data storage module or other processing units. There is a bidirectional connection between the self-test unit, the temperature compensation unit, and the vibration detection unit, allowing them to exchange status information and control commands to ensure the consistency and accuracy of the entire module's operation.

[0028] The effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the configuration of multiple sensors enables simultaneous monitoring of the vibration of power equipment in different directions, providing more comprehensive data and thus improving the accuracy of fault diagnosis; these components effectively improve the quality of the original signal, reduce noise interference, and ensure that the vibration information received in the subsequent processing stage is clear and accurate; regular health checks on the vibration detection unit and temperature compensation unit can promptly detect and report potential problems, reducing misjudgments or missed reports caused by sensor failures. This not only improves system reliability but also reduces maintenance costs; real-time monitoring of ambient temperature and adjustment of sensor output based on temperature changes eliminates measurement errors caused by temperature fluctuations, ensuring consistency and accuracy under different environmental conditions; the amplified, filtered, and isolated signal is directly used as the output of the vibration sensor module, providing high-quality input to subsequent data processing modules, aiding in further analysis and decision-making; the integration of all functional units into a single module reduces the need for external connections, lowers complexity, and facilitates installation and maintenance; the bidirectional connection between the self-test unit, temperature compensation unit, and vibration detection unit allows them to collaborate, ensuring the consistency and accuracy of the entire module's operation and facilitating troubleshooting; the presence of the isolator effectively protects the back-end circuitry from potential high-voltage or current spikes at the front end, increasing system stability and safety, and indirectly extending the sensor module's lifespan; these features make this vibration sensor module ideal for remote monitoring applications, enabling automatic identification and reporting of abnormal states, reducing the need for manual intervention, and improving operational efficiency.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] The data storage module includes a cache, a non-volatile memory, a data management unit, a data encryption unit, and a data compression unit; the data management unit is bidirectionally connected to the cache and the non-volatile memory; the data encryption unit and the data compression unit are connected in series between the data management unit and the non-volatile memory; the interface of the data management unit is the data input / output terminal of the data storage module.

[0031] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: Raw vibration data generated by the vibration sensor module or other data sources first enters the data storage module through the interface of the data management unit. The data management unit temporarily stores the received data in the buffer area. The buffer area serves to quickly respond to data write requests, improve the real-time performance of the system, and provide buffer space for subsequent data processing; it is responsible for managing and scheduling data streams, including reading data from the buffer area, performing necessary format conversions or preliminary analysis, etc. It coordinates data exchange between the buffer area and non-volatile memory and ensures that data is stored correctly according to predetermined rules; before the data is transmitted from the buffer area to the non-volatile memory, the data compression unit compresses the data. This step reduces the required storage space, improves storage efficiency, and speeds up data writing; immediately after data compression, the data encryption unit encrypts the compressed data to ensure data security and privacy. The encrypted data is sent to the non-volatile memory for storage; the compressed and encrypted data is finally stored in the non-volatile memory. This type of storage medium can retain data without loss in the event of a power outage, making it suitable for long-term storage of important monitoring data. When data needs to be read, the data management unit extracts the encrypted and compressed data from the non-volatile memory, decrypts and decompresses it, restores it to the original data format, and then outputs it to the signal processing module or other modules that need to use this data through its interface.

[0032] The above technical solution offers the following advantages: it provides a fast data read / write buffer, reducing the frequency of access to non-volatile memory and thus accelerating data processing. For applications with high real-time requirements, such as vibration monitoring of power equipment, it ensures timely response and efficient data transmission. It encrypts data stored in non-volatile memory to prevent sensitive information leakage or tampering. Even if the storage medium is lost or stolen, unauthorized users cannot easily access valuable data. Compression algorithms reduce the space occupied by data, improving the effective utilization of the storage medium and reducing transmission costs and time, which is especially important when large amounts of data need to be stored for extended periods. The use of non-volatile storage technologies such as flash memory or SSDs ensures that data is not lost even in the event of a sudden power outage or other unforeseen circumstances. This is crucial for mission-critical applications, ensuring data integrity and reliability. The integration of all functional units into a single module reduces the need for external connections, lowers complexity, and facilitates installation and maintenance. This integrated design also contributes to improved system stability and durability. As a core component, it coordinates the work of various sub-modules, including data read / write control, compression / decompression operations, and encryption / decryption processes. It can flexibly adjust resource configuration according to actual conditions to ensure optimal performance; the data management unit can dynamically adjust the working status of each sub-module according to actual needs, such as putting some components into sleep mode under low load, thereby saving energy and extending hardware life; these features make this data storage module very suitable for remote monitoring applications, which can automatically identify and report abnormal states, reduce the need for manual intervention, and improve operation and maintenance efficiency; the data management unit can flexibly cope with different data traffic and types, support multiple data formats and protocols, and is suitable for a wide range of industrial monitoring and other application scenarios that require high-precision data recording.

[0033] Example 4

[0034] The signal processing module includes an analog front-end, a data signal processor, an FPGA, a coprocessor, and an algorithm library. The signal output of the analog front-end is connected to the input of the digital signal processor. The signal output of the digital signal processor is connected to the signal input of the FPGA. The coprocessor is bidirectionally connected to the digital signal processor and exchanges data. The algorithm library is bidirectionally connected to the digital signal processor and the coprocessor and provides an instruction set. The signal input of the analog front-end is also the signal input of the signal processing module. The output of the digital signal processor is also the signal output of the signal processing module. The analog front-end includes an ADC converter, and the algorithm library has various preset analysis algorithms.

[0035] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: The analog vibration signal output by the vibration sensor module is first sent to the analog front end. The analog front end contains an ADC converter, which is responsible for converting the analog signal into a digital signal for subsequent digital processing. Before or after the ADC conversion, the analog front end may also contain some preliminary signal conditioning functions, such as amplification and filtering, to optimize the signal quality entering the DSP. The digital signal after ADC conversion is then passed to the DSP. The DSP performs a series of primary signal processing tasks, including but not limited to time-domain analysis, spectrum analysis, and feature extraction. These processing steps aim to extract useful information from the raw data and reduce noise and irrelevant data components. The data processed by the DSP can be further passed to the FPGA for more complex real-time calculations. The FPGA is particularly suitable for implementing customized hardware acceleration logic, which can significantly improve the execution speed of specific algorithms, such as Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) or other real-time-critical operations. To share the computational load of the DSP or perform specialized tasks, the coprocessor is bidirectionally connected to the DSP and exchanges data. This collaborative mode allows both to allocate workloads as needed, improving overall processing efficiency. The algorithm library contains a variety of preset analysis algorithms that support calls from both the DSP and the coprocessor. It not only provides standard signal processing methods but also allows for the loading of customized algorithms for specific application scenarios, enhancing the system's flexibility and adaptability. This enables the DSP and coprocessor to dynamically select appropriate algorithms based on current processing needs and retrieve corresponding instruction sets from the algorithm library. Simultaneously, they can also feed the processing results back to the algorithm library for parameter adjustment or algorithm performance optimization. Finally, the processing results generated by the DSP are transmitted through its output terminal as the output of the entire signal processing module, and then passed to the controller module or other subsequent processing units for decision-making or further analysis.

[0036] The effects of the above technical solution are as follows: the ADC in the analog front-end ensures high-quality analog-to-digital conversion, reduces information loss and noise introduction, and provides an accurate data foundation for subsequent processing; the DSP can quickly execute complex mathematical operations, such as filtering, spectrum analysis, and feature extraction, ensuring real-time performance and accuracy. Combined with the hardware acceleration capabilities of the FPGA, the processing speed is further improved, especially suitable for applications requiring immediate response; the algorithm library contains a variety of preset analysis algorithms, allowing the DSP and coprocessor to select the most suitable algorithm based on specific application scenarios. This not only improves the system's versatility but also enables customized development for specific needs, enhancing adaptability; the bidirectional connection between the algorithm library and the DSP and coprocessor allows for dynamic loading and adjustment of algorithm parameters, ensuring the system can flexibly cope with different types of vibration data and changing working environments; this design allows both to rationally allocate work according to task complexity and computational load, avoiding overloading of a single processor and improving overall efficiency. Simultaneously, it facilitates the implementation of more complex parallel processing tasks. For certain computationally intensive tasks, such as FFT transformation or other real-time operations, FPGA can provide efficient hardware acceleration, reducing the DSP burden and improving system performance. From the analog front-end to the final output, the entire data path is carefully designed to ensure the continuity and integrity of data transmission, reducing the risk of data loss due to transmission errors or interruptions. The good interaction design between components and the built-in self-testing function help to promptly detect and correct potential problems, maintaining the long-term stable operation of the system. All key components are integrated into one module, reducing the need for external connections, lowering complexity, and facilitating installation and maintenance. The modular structure also reserves space for future upgrades and technological improvements. Through reasonable task scheduling and load balancing strategies, unnecessary power consumption can be reduced without affecting performance, extending hardware lifespan, making it particularly suitable for monitoring equipment that operates continuously for long periods. These features make this signal processing module ideal for remote monitoring applications, enabling automatic identification and reporting of abnormal states, reducing the need for manual intervention, and improving operational efficiency.

[0037] Example 5

[0038] The controller module includes a microcontroller unit, a real-time operating system, a user interface, a fault diagnosis unit, and a timer. The microcontroller unit is bidirectionally connected to the user interface, the fault diagnosis unit, and the timer via a bus. The real-time operating system runs on the microcontroller unit. The I / O ports of the microcontroller unit are the input / output terminals of the controller module.

[0039] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: When the device is powered on or reset, the microcontroller unit (MCU) first performs a self-test and initialization process, loading and starting the real-time operating system (RTOS). The RTOS is responsible for managing core functions such as task scheduling and memory allocation; the MCU initializes and configures the various connected sub-modules (such as the user interface, fault diagnosis unit, and timers) through the bus, ensuring they are in a ready state; the RTOS runs on the MCU, coordinating the simultaneous execution of multiple tasks to ensure that each task can be completed within a specified time. It also provides a priority mechanism, allowing critical tasks to be processed first; tasks from different sources are placed in the task queue managed by the RTOS and executed in a set priority order. This includes receiving data from sensors, processing user input, and running diagnostic programs; users can interact with the system through the HMI, setting parameters, viewing status information, or triggering specific operations. The HMI collects user commands and sends them to the MCU through the bus; the MCU updates the display content on the HMI based on the current system status or received data, providing real-time feedback to the user; this unit continuously monitors the health status of the system and checks for any abnormalities. Once a potential problem is detected, an alarm is immediately generated and reported to the MCU. For some problems that can be resolved automatically, the fault diagnosis unit may attempt automatic repair. If the problem is serious, the MCU is notified to take further action, such as restarting the system or entering safe mode. Timers are used to implement timing functions, such as periodically collecting data, executing self-test programs, or sending heartbeat signals. Timers help ensure that certain tasks are executed accurately at predetermined time intervals. The MCU can synchronize with other system components based on the reference time provided by the timer, ensuring the coordinated operation of the entire system. The MCU's I / O ports serve as the input / output interfaces of the controller module, responsible for exchanging data with other modules. The input ends receive information from sensors or other devices, while the output ends send control commands or processed results. The system operates in an event-driven manner, meaning that the corresponding processing logic is triggered only when a new event occurs (such as the arrival of new data, user operation, etc.). This design improves efficiency and reduces unnecessary resource consumption. For critical events requiring immediate response, the system supports an interrupt mechanism, allowing the MCU to pause the current task and prioritize handling urgent events.

[0040] The effects of the above technical solution are as follows: RTOS ensures that critical tasks can be completed within a specified time, providing high-precision task scheduling and management, making it particularly suitable for time-sensitive applications. This guarantees the system's rapid response capability and improves overall efficiency; continuous monitoring of the system's health status enables timely detection and reporting of potential problems, and even automatic corrective measures in some cases. This not only improves the system's self-healing capability but also reduces downtime and maintenance costs; through reasonable task allocation and error handling mechanisms, the system's fault tolerance is enhanced, ensuring that even if some components fail, the system can still maintain normal operation of basic functions; it provides an intuitive and user-friendly operating method, simplifying the human-computer interaction process. Users can easily set parameters, view status information, or trigger specific operations through HMI, improving ease of use and user-friendliness; the MCU updates the display content on the HMI in real time based on the current system status or received data, providing users with immediate feedback and enhancing their sense of control; the MCU connects bidirectionally with each submodule through a bus, achieving efficient data exchange and resource sharing. This design not only simplifies internal communication paths but also facilitates future functional expansion and technological upgrades. Close collaboration between the MCU, fault diagnosis unit, and timer ensures coordinated operation of all system components, improving overall performance. Through reasonable task scheduling and load balancing strategies, unnecessary power consumption can be reduced without impacting performance, extending hardware lifespan, making it particularly suitable for monitoring equipment operating continuously for extended periods. Support for low-power standby further saves energy, making it especially suitable for monitoring power equipment in remote or field locations. Combined with a network communication module, this controller module enables remote monitoring and management, allowing technicians to obtain data, adjust settings, or execute diagnostic procedures remotely, improving operational efficiency. The introduction of the fault diagnosis unit and timer enhances the system's self-maintenance capabilities, reduces the need for manual intervention, and promotes the development of automated management. The integration of all key components into a single module reduces the need for external connections, lowers complexity, and facilitates installation and maintenance. The modular structure also reserves space for future upgrades and technological improvements.

[0041] Example 6

[0042] The communication module includes a protocol stack implementation unit, a physical layer interface, a MAC layer control unit, and a data link layer control unit. The protocol stack implementation unit is bidirectionally connected to the MAC layer control unit. The MAC layer control unit is bidirectionally connected to the data link layer control unit. The data link layer control unit is connected to an external network through the physical layer interface. The signal input terminal of the protocol stack implementation unit is also the signal input terminal of the communication model. The signal output terminal of the physical layer interface is the signal output terminal of the communication module.

[0043] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: Data from the external network first enters the communication module through the physical layer interface. The physical layer interface is responsible for converting the received electrical or optical signals into digital signals; the converted digital signals are then passed to the data link layer control unit. This unit is responsible for assembling and disassembling frames, ensuring the integrity and correctness of data packets, and handling error detection and correction; the data packets received from the data link layer control unit are then passed to the MAC layer control unit. The MAC layer is responsible for media access control, managing communication between multiple devices on the same shared medium, and avoiding conflicts; the data packets processed by the MAC layer finally reach the protocol stack implementation unit. This unit further parses and processes the data according to the preset communication protocol (such as TCP / IP, UDP, etc.), extracting the data required by the application layer; when data needs to be sent, the data generated by the controller module or other modules is first passed to the protocol stack implementation unit. This unit is responsible for formatting data according to the communication protocol and adding necessary header information. The formatted data packet is passed to the MAC layer control unit, which is responsible for determining when it is safe to send the data packet and handling contention issues between multiple devices. The data packet prepared by the MAC layer is then passed to the data link layer control unit, where additional frame header and trailer information is added to ensure the integrity of the data during physical layer transmission. Finally, the frame prepared by the data link layer is converted back into a suitable electrical or optical signal for transmission through the physical layer interface and then sent to the external network. This design allows the protocol stack implementation unit and the MAC layer control unit to exchange necessary control information and status updates, ensuring synchronization and coordination during data transmission. Similarly, the bidirectional connection between the MAC layer control unit and the data link layer control unit ensures close cooperation between the two, optimizing the processing and transmission efficiency of data packets. As the signal input end of the entire communication module, it is responsible for receiving data from other modules and introducing it into the communication process. As the signal output end of the communication module, it is responsible for sending the processed data to the external network, completing the final link in data transmission.

[0044] The above technical solution offers the following advantages: The bidirectional connection between the protocol stack implementation unit and the MAC layer control unit, and between the MAC layer control unit and the data link layer control unit, ensures close collaboration and real-time feedback between layers, improving the accuracy and reliability of data transmission. The data link layer control unit is responsible for frame assembly and disassembly, and performs error detection and correction, ensuring the integrity of data packets during transmission. The protocol stack implementation unit can be configured to support multiple network protocols (such as TCP / IP, UDP, etc.), enabling the communication module to flexibly adapt to different network environments and application scenarios. This design facilitates future functional expansion and technology upgrades, such as adding new communication protocols or improving existing functions, maintaining the system's advanced features. The MAC layer control unit manages communication between multiple devices on the same shared medium, avoiding conflicts and optimizing bandwidth usage, making it particularly suitable for monitoring systems with high real-time requirements. Through reasonable task scheduling and load balancing strategies, unnecessary latency can be reduced without affecting performance, ensuring timely data processing and transmission. The protocol stack implementation unit can implement data encryption and user authentication at the application or transport layer, preventing unauthorized access and sensitive information leakage. The error detection and correction functions provided by the data link layer enhance data transmission security, preventing data loss or corruption. All key components are integrated into a single module, reducing the need for external connections, lowering complexity, and facilitating installation and maintenance. The modular structure also reserves space for future upgrades and technological improvements; bidirectional connectivity between layers allows the system to perform self-diagnosis, promptly identify and report potential problems, reducing maintenance costs and time; combined with the network communication module, this communication module enables remote monitoring and management, allowing technicians to obtain data, adjust settings, or execute diagnostic procedures remotely, improving operational efficiency; the introduction of fault diagnosis units and timers enhances the system's self-maintenance capabilities, reduces the need for manual intervention, and promotes the development of automated management; through reasonable task scheduling and load balancing strategies, unnecessary power consumption can be reduced without affecting performance, extending hardware lifespan, especially suitable for monitoring equipment that operates continuously for long periods; support for entering a low-power standby state further saves energy, making it particularly suitable for monitoring power equipment in the field or remote areas.

[0045] Example 7

[0046] The power management module includes a power input unit, a voltage regulator, a battery management system, and a power distribution unit. The output terminal of the power input unit is connected to the input terminal of the voltage regulator. The output terminal of the voltage regulator is connected to the input terminal of the power distribution unit. The battery management unit is bidirectionally connected to the voltage regulator and works in conjunction with it. The power distribution unit is used to supply power to the vibration sensor module, data storage module, signal processing module, controller module, and communication module. The power output terminal of the power distribution module is also the power output terminal of the power management module.

[0047] The working principle of the above technical solution is as follows: It is responsible for obtaining power from an external source, which may be AC ​​or DC, depending on the application scenario. It converts the raw power into a form suitable for subsequent processing; the output of the power input unit is connected to the input of the voltage regulator. The main task of the voltage regulator is to convert the unstable input voltage into a stable DC voltage that meets system requirements, ensuring that all modules receive consistent power supply conditions; the BMS is bidirectionally connected to the voltage regulator to jointly monitor and manage the battery status. The BMS not only monitors parameters such as battery charging status, health status, and temperature, but also adjusts the voltage regulator's operating mode according to actual conditions, such as switching to battery power or optimizing the charging rate; when the main power supply is unavailable, the BMS can automatically activate the backup battery and ensure a continuous and stable power supply through the voltage regulator. In addition, the BMS can also provide overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, and other functions to extend battery life; the stable DC power output from the voltage regulator is transmitted to the power distribution unit. This unit is responsible for rationally distributing power to various power-consuming modules (such as vibration sensor modules, data storage modules, signal processing modules, controller modules, and communication modules) to ensure that each module receives adequate power support. The power distribution unit can dynamically adjust the power supply priority of each module according to actual needs, such as reducing the power supply to non-critical modules in low-power mode to save energy. The power output terminal of the power distribution unit is the final output terminal of the entire power management module, directly connected to each power-consuming module to ensure their normal operation. The power distribution unit may also include monitoring circuitry to detect the current consumption of each module in real time and feed this information back to the BMS and voltage regulator for further optimization of power management strategies.

[0048] The above technical solution achieves the following effects: it converts unstable input voltage into a stable DC voltage that meets system requirements, ensuring consistent and reliable power support for all power-consuming modules and reducing problems caused by voltage fluctuations; the bidirectional connection between the voltage regulator and the BMS allows both to flexibly adjust their operating modes according to actual conditions, such as automatically switching to backup battery power when the main power supply is unavailable, ensuring continuous system operation; it provides comprehensive battery protection mechanisms, including overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, and temperature monitoring, preventing battery damage or safety accidents. Simultaneously, it optimizes the charging and discharging process, extending battery life; when the main power supply fails, the BMS can seamlessly switch to backup battery power, enhancing the system's fault tolerance and reliability; the power distribution unit can dynamically adjust the power supply priority of each module according to actual needs, reducing unnecessary energy consumption. For example, in low-power mode, it reduces the power supply to non-critical modules to save energy; it rationally allocates power resources, avoiding situations where some modules are overloaded while others are idle, improving the overall system's energy efficiency ratio; all critical components are integrated into one module, reducing the need for external connections, lowering complexity, and facilitating installation and maintenance. This modular design also leaves room for future upgrades and technological improvements; the close collaboration between components enables the system to have self-diagnostic capabilities, allowing it to promptly detect and report potential problems, reducing maintenance costs and time; the power management module can be configured according to different application environments and needs, adapting to various power input types (such as AC or DC) and supporting battery configurations of different capacities; the modular design facilitates the addition of new functions or the improvement of existing functions in the future, maintaining the system's advanced nature and applicability; the power distribution unit includes monitoring circuitry that monitors the current consumption of each module in real time and feeds this information back to the BMS and voltage regulator for further optimization of power management strategies; combined with the controller module and other communication methods, the power management module can achieve remote monitoring and management, supporting technicians to obtain data, adjust settings, or execute diagnostic procedures remotely, improving operational efficiency.

[0049] This utility model relates to a vibration sensor module, a data storage module, a signal processing module, a controller module, a communication module, and a power management module. All data storage, signal processing, data processing, and control methods involved are existing technologies in the field. This utility model does not improve any software programs or methods. This utility model only designs the hardware structure combining the vibration sensor module, data storage module, signal processing module, controller module, communication module, and power management module. The methods or software programs involved in the hardware structure to realize the effects or functions of the vibration sensor module, data storage module, signal processing module, controller module, communication module, and power management module are all based on existing methods or software program design books, manuals, or product manuals by those skilled in the art, combined with the functions involved in the principles and effects of this utility model, and can be implemented by independent programming.

[0050] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus, characterised in that, The device comprises a vibration sensor module, a data storage module, a signal processing module, a controller module, a communication module and a power management module; The signal output end of the vibration sensor module is connected with the signal input end of the data storage module; the data storage module is bidirectionally connected with the data processing module; the signal output end of the data storage module is connected with the signal input end of the controller module; The signal output end of the controller module is connected with the signal input end of the communication module; the power output end of the power management module is connected with the power input end of the vibration sensor module, the data storage module, the signal processing module, the controller module and the communication module.

2. The power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The vibration sensor module comprises a vibration detection unit, a signal conditioning circuit, a self-checking unit and a temperature compensation unit; the signal output end of the vibration detection unit is connected with the signal input end of the signal conditioning circuit; the self-checking unit is bidirectionally connected with the temperature compensation unit and the vibration detection unit; the signal output end of the signal conditioning circuit is the signal output end of the vibration sensor module.

3. The power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The vibration detection unit comprises N accelerometers and a gyroscope, and N≥2; the signal conditioning circuit comprises an amplifier, a filter and an isolator.

4. The power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The data storage module comprises a cache area, a non-volatile memory, a data management unit, a data encryption unit and a data compression unit; The data management unit is bidirectionally connected with the cache area and the non-volatile memory; the data encryption unit and the data compression unit are connected in series between the data management unit and the non-volatile memory; the interface of the data management unit is the data input / output end of the data storage module.

5. The power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The signal processing module comprises an analog front end, a digital signal processor, an FPGA, a coprocessor and an algorithm library; the signal output end of the analog front end is connected with the input end of the digital signal processor; the signal output end of the digital signal processor is connected with the signal input end of the FPGA; the coprocessor is bidirectionally connected with the digital signal processor and exchanges data; the algorithm library is bidirectionally connected with the digital signal processor and the coprocessor and provides an instruction set; the signal input end of the analog front end is the signal input end of the signal processing module; the output end of the digital signal processor is the signal output end of the signal processing module.

6. The power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The analog front end comprises an ADC converter; the algorithm library is preset with an analysis algorithm.

7. The power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The controller module comprises a microcontroller unit, a real-time operating system, a user interaction interface, a fault diagnosis unit and a timer; the microcontroller unit is bidirectionally connected with the user interaction interface, the fault diagnosis unit and the timer through a bus; the real-time operating system runs on the microcontroller unit; the I / O port of the microcontroller unit is the input / output end of the controller module.

8. The power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The communication module includes a protocol stack implementation unit, a physical layer interface, a MAC layer control unit and a data link layer control unit; the protocol stack implementation unit is bidirectionally connected with the MAC layer control unit; the MAC layer control unit is bidirectionally connected with the data link layer control unit; the data link layer control unit is connected with an external network through the physical layer interface; a signal input end of the protocol stack implementation unit is also a signal input end of the communication module; a signal output end of the physical layer interface is a signal output end of the communication module.

9. The power equipment vibration monitoring sensor apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The power management module includes a power input unit, a voltage stabilizer, a battery management unit and a power distribution unit; an output end of the power input unit is connected with an input end of the voltage stabilizer; an output end of the voltage stabilizer is connected with an input end of the power distribution unit; the battery management unit is bidirectionally connected with the voltage stabilizer and works cooperatively; the power distribution unit is used for power supply to the vibration sensor module, the data storage module, the signal processing module, the controller module and the communication module; a power output end of the power distribution unit is also a power output end of the power management module.

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