Adapter machining device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of adapter production and machining, and discloses an adapter machining device which comprises a machining box with an opening in the top, linear modules are fixed to the inner walls of the two sides of the machining box correspondingly, a U-shaped seat is fixed between sliding seats of the linear modules on the two sides, and a protective shell is fixed to the top of the machining box; the device comprises a U-shaped base, a protective shell is arranged in the U-shaped base, a polishing assembly used for polishing a to-be-polished adapter workpiece is arranged in the protective shell, trapezoidal blocks are fixed to the inner walls of the two sides of the protective shell, clamping mechanisms used for clamping the adapter workpiece are arranged on side plates of the two sides of the U-shaped base, and each clamping mechanism comprises a clamping assembly and a reset assembly. According to the automatic clamping device for the adapter workpiece, the purpose of automatically clamping the adapter workpiece is achieved by arranging the clamping assembly, the purpose of automatically loosening the adapter workpiece is achieved by arranging the reset assembly, the operation of manually clamping and loosening the adapter workpiece is omitted, and the working intensity of workers is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bearing saddle production and processing technology, and in particular to a bearing saddle processing device. Background Technology

[0002] The load-bearing saddle is a crucial component of railway freight car bogies, primarily used for supporting and positioning the wheelset bearings. The load-bearing saddle, through its guide frame and the side frames on both sides of the bogie, vertically positions and guides the wheelset assembly, ensuring the correct placement of the wheelset assembly within the bogie. This converts wheel rotation into linear motion of the car body along the track, transferring the car body's load to the axles and wheels, and ultimately to the track. Load-bearing saddles are typically cast, and the rough-cast top is relatively rough, usually requiring grinding. During this grinding process, the load-bearing saddle must first be clamped.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN213034117U discloses a saddle positioning and machining fixture, including a U-shaped fixed base. A first sliding seat and a second sliding seat, parallel to the two end fixed seats, are installed inside the U-shaped fixed base. A saddle fixing groove is provided on the side of the second sliding seat closest to the first sliding seat to facilitate fixing the saddle. Coaxially arranged movable seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the two end fixed seats, the first sliding seat, and the second sliding seat of the U-shaped fixed base. Each movable seat is connected by a limiting rod, and the movable seat slides in cooperation with the limiting rod. Adjustment mechanisms are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the U-shaped fixed base. Each adjustment mechanism includes an adjusting screw threadedly connected to the U-shaped fixed base. One end of the adjusting screw is connected to the sliding seat, and a turntable is installed on the end of the adjusting screw away from the sliding seat.

[0004] Regarding the aforementioned related technologies, the inventors believe that the following defects exist: When using the above-mentioned bearing saddle positioning and processing fixture, by placing the bearing saddle between the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat, and adjusting the distance between the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat by rotating the adjusting screw in the adjusting mechanism, the bearing saddle is pressed and positioned by the first sliding seat and the second sliding seat approaching each other. When clamping or releasing the bearing saddle, it is necessary to manually rotate the turntable, which increases the workload of the workers. Utility Model Content

[0005] To solve the above problems, this utility model provides a bearing saddle processing device.

[0006] The above-mentioned technical objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a saddle processing device, comprising a processing box with a top opening, linear modules fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the processing box, a U-shaped seat fixed between the sliding seats of the linear modules on both sides, a protective shell fixed on the top of the processing box, a grinding component for grinding the saddle workpiece to be ground inside the protective shell, trapezoidal blocks fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the protective shell, and clamping mechanisms for clamping the saddle workpiece on the side plates of both sides of the U-shaped seat, the clamping mechanism comprising a clamping component, the clamping component comprising a connecting block that passes through and slides on the side plate of the U-shaped seat, a clamping plate fixed to the end of the connecting block away from the inner wall of the protective shell, and a roller rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting block away from the clamping plate, the roller driving the clamping plate to clamp the saddle workpiece under the action of the plane between the two inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal block, the clamping mechanism further comprising a reset component for driving the clamping plate to reset when the roller moves away from the trapezoidal block.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the operator places the bearing saddle workpiece to be ground on the U-shaped seat between the two clamping plates, and then controls the linear module to drive the sliding seat to move. This causes the U-shaped seat, which is fixedly connected to the sliding seat, and the bearing saddle workpiece placed on the U-shaped seat to move synchronously to the position of the grinding component. During the movement of the U-shaped seat, the roller moves along the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block to the plane of the trapezoidal block. The roller is squeezed by the trapezoidal block and gradually approaches the bearing saddle workpiece to be ground. This causes the connecting block connected to the roller and the clamping plate fixed to the connecting block to approach the bearing saddle workpiece to be ground, until the clamping plates on both sides cooperate and clamp the bearing saddle workpiece to be ground, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically clamping the bearing saddle workpiece by the two clamping plates. Similarly, when the control linear module drives the two sliding seats to move away from the grinding component, the roller moves along the plane of the trapezoidal block to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block until the roller separates from the trapezoidal block. During this process, the reset component drives the clamping plate to reset, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically releasing the ground bearing saddle workpiece by the two clamping plates. There is no need for manual operation of the clamping plates, which reduces the workload of the staff.

[0008] Furthermore, both sides of the bearing saddle workpiece are integrally formed with saddle seats, and two saddle seats are provided on each side of the bearing saddle workpiece and are symmetrically distributed. The side wall of the clamping plate away from the U-shaped seat is provided with a pre-positioning groove that cooperates with the saddle seat. The end of the connecting block away from the clamping plate is provided with an installation groove for installing rollers.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, when the workers place the bearing saddle workpiece to be ground on the U-shaped seat, the side of the saddle seat away from the bearing saddle workpiece is inserted into the pre-positioning groove. The pre-positioning groove plays a certain limiting role for the saddle seat, reducing the probability of the bearing saddle workpiece shifting due to vibration generated during the operation of the device, and ensuring the stability of the bearing saddle workpiece during transportation.

[0010] Furthermore, the reset assembly includes a slide rod fixed to the side wall of the clamping plate, a limiting plate fixed to the end of the slide rod away from the clamping plate, and a spring sleeved on the slide rod and fixed between the limiting plate and the side plate of the U-shaped seat. The slide rod passes through the side plate of the U-shaped seat and slides in engagement.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, as the roller moves away from the trapezoidal block, the spring gradually returns from the compressed state to the initial state, so that the limiting plate connected to the spring, the slide rod fixed to the limiting plate, and the clamping plate fixed to the slide rod all move away from the bearing saddle workpiece, thereby achieving the purpose of the clamping plate automatically releasing the bearing saddle workpiece so that the bearing saddle workpiece can be removed from the U-shaped seat in the future.

[0012] Furthermore, the horizontal plate of the U-shaped seat is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole. The second through hole has two rows and is symmetrically distributed about the first through hole. The end of the second through hole away from the first through hole is located near the pre-positioning groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, during the grinding process of the grinding assembly on the bearing saddle workpiece, some debris falls from the first through hole and the second through hole into the bottom of the processing box for subsequent centralized cleaning.

[0014] Furthermore, chip removal through holes are provided through the side walls of the processing box, and synchronous pulleys are rotatably installed between the inner walls on both sides of the processing box. There are two synchronous pulleys, which are located at both ends of the processing box. A chip removal motor for driving one of the synchronous pulleys to rotate is fixed on the processing box. A synchronous belt is provided inside the processing box, which cooperates with both synchronous pulleys and is used to discharge the chips generated by grinding the bearing saddle workpiece through the chip removal through holes.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, during the grinding process of the grinding assembly on the bearing saddle workpiece, the chips fall to the top of the synchronous belt, control the chip removal motor to work and drive one of the synchronous pulleys to rotate. Since the synchronous belt is engaged with both synchronous pulleys, it drives the synchronous belt to rotate and carries the chips out of the processing box through the chip removal hole, eliminating the tedious operation of manually cleaning the chips.

[0016] Furthermore, inclined plates are fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the protective shell, and the distance between the inclined plates and the inner wall of the protective shell gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, during the grinding process of the grinding assembly on the bearing saddle workpiece, the inclined plate blocks the clamping components such as the clamping plate and connecting block, reducing the probability that debris will fall into the prepositioning groove and affect the clamping operation of the clamping plate on the bearing saddle workpiece.

[0018] Furthermore, the grinding assembly includes an electric push rod fixed to the top of the protective shell, a reducer fixed to the push rod end of the electric push rod, and a grinding wheel detachably connected to the transmission rod of the reducer. The push rod end of the electric push rod passes through the top of the protective shell and is slidably engaged.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the reducer drives the grinding wheel to rotate after it starts working, and the reducer is raised and lowered by the push rod end of the electric push rod, thereby achieving the purpose of grinding the top of the bearing saddle workpiece with the grinding wheel to achieve the required precision of the bearing saddle workpiece.

[0020] Furthermore, when the spring is in its original length state, the distance between the side wall of the limiting plate away from the clamping plate and the inner wall of the protective shell is 0.5cm-1.5cm.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the gap between the limiting plate and the protective shell is set to reduce the probability that the limiting plate will collide with the inner wall of the protective shell during the movement of the protective shell, thus affecting the normal movement of the U-shaped seat into the protective shell.

[0022] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: In this application, the linear module drives the sliding seat to move the U-shaped seat and the bearing saddle workpiece synchronously to the position of the grinding component. The roller moves from the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block to the plane of the trapezoidal block, thereby achieving the purpose of automatically clamping the bearing saddle workpiece so as to grind the bearing saddle workpiece. After the linear module finishes grinding, it drives the U-shaped seat to move out of the protective shell. There is no need for manual operation of the clamping plate to clamp the bearing saddle workpiece, which reduces the workload of the workers. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Used to highlight the main view of the synchronization wheel;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a practical diagram used to highlight the structure of a trapezoidal block;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the internal structure of the protective shell in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the clamping mechanism in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A plan view.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Machining box; 2. Linear module; 3. U-shaped seat; 4. Protective shell; 5. Grinding assembly; 51. Electric push rod; 52. Reducer; 53. Grinding wheel; 6. Trapezoidal block; 7. Clamping mechanism; 71. Clamping assembly; 711. Connecting block; 7111. Mounting slot; 712. Clamping plate; 7121. Pre-positioning slot; 713. Roller; 72. Reset assembly; 721. Slide rod; 722. Limiting plate; 723. Spring; 8. First through hole; 9. Second through hole; 10. Chip removal through hole; 11. Synchronous pulley; 12. Chip removal motor; 13. Synchronous belt; 14. Inclined plate; 15. Bearing saddle workpiece; 151. Saddle. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] like Figure 1-6 As shown in the figure, this application discloses a saddle processing device, including a processing box 1, a protective shell 4, a grinding assembly 5, and a clamping mechanism 7. The processing box 1 is a box structure with an open top. Linear modules 2 are fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the processing box 1 (the linear modules 2 adopt the ball screw type linear modules commonly used in the prior art, and their structure and operating principle are all in the prior art. The linear modules 2 in the figure are only a simple illustration and do not show the specific ball screw, motor, or other specific components in the ball screw type linear module). U-shaped seats 3 are fixed between the sliding seats of the linear modules 2 on both sides.

[0032] The protective shell 4 is fixed to the top of the processing box 1. The cross-section of the protective shell 4 is an inverted U-shape, and trapezoidal blocks 6 are fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the protective shell 4. The cross-section of the trapezoidal block 6 is an isosceles trapezoid, and the lower base surface of the trapezoidal block 6 (the plane corresponding to the lower base of the trapezoid) is fixed to the inner wall of the protective shell 4. The inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal block 6 are located on the left and right sides of the trapezoidal block 6 itself. The grinding assembly 5 is set inside the protective shell 4 and is used to grind the bearing saddle workpiece 15 to be ground. The grinding assembly 5 includes an electric push rod 51, a reducer 52, and a grinding wheel 53. The electric push rod 51 is fixed to the top of the protective shell 4, and the push rod end of the electric push rod 51 passes through the top of the protective shell 4 and is slidably engaged. The reducer 52 is fixed to the push rod end of the electric push rod 51, and the grinding wheel 53 is detachably connected to the transmission rod of the reducer 52.

[0033] The saddle-bearing workpiece 15 has saddle seats 151 integrally formed on both sides, with two saddle seats 151 on each side of the workpiece 15, symmetrically distributed. Clamping mechanisms 7 are paired and mounted on the side plates of the U-shaped seat 3, used to clamp the saddle-bearing workpiece 15. The clamping mechanism 7 includes a clamping assembly 71 and a resetting assembly 72. The clamping assembly 71 includes a connecting block 711, a clamping plate 712, and rollers 713. The connecting block 711 is slidably mounted through the side plate of the U-shaped seat 3. The clamping plate 712 is fixed to the end of the connecting block 711 away from the inner wall of the protective shell 4, and a pre-positioning groove 7121 is provided on the side wall of the clamping plate 712 away from the side plate of the U-shaped seat 3 to mate with the saddle seat 151. The connecting block 711 has an installation groove 7111 at the end away from the clamping plate 712. The roller 713 is rotatably installed between the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the installation groove 7111. Under the action of the roller 713 on the plane between the two inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal block 6 (the plane corresponding to the upper base of the trapezoid), the clamping plate 712 clamps the bearing saddle workpiece 15.

[0034] The reset assembly 72 is used to drive the clamping plate 712 to reset when the roller 713 moves away from the trapezoidal block 6. The reset assembly 72 includes a slide rod 721, a limiting plate 722, and a spring 723. The slide rod 721 is fixed to the side wall of the clamping plate 712 on the same side as the connecting block 711, and the slide rod 721 passes through the side plate of the U-shaped seat 3 and slides in engagement. The limiting plate 722 is fixed to the end of the slide rod 721 away from the clamping plate 712. When the spring 723 is in its original length state, the distance between the side wall of the limiting plate 722 away from the clamping plate 712 and the inner wall of the protective shell 4 is 0.5cm-1.5cm. The spring 723 is sleeved on the slide rod 721 and fixed between the limiting plate 722 and the side plate of the U-shaped seat 3.

[0035] After the worker places the bearing saddle workpiece 15 to be ground on the U-shaped seat 3 between the two clamping plates 712, the side of the saddle seat 151 away from the bearing saddle workpiece 15 is inserted into the pre-positioning groove 7121 (the pre-positioning groove 7121 provides a certain limiting effect on the saddle seat 151, reducing the probability of the bearing saddle workpiece 15 shifting due to vibration generated during device operation). The linear module 2 is controlled to drive the sliding seat to move, so that the U-shaped seat 3, which is fixedly connected to the sliding seat, and the U-shaped seat 3 placed on the U-shaped seat are aligned. The bearing saddle workpiece 15 on the U-shaped seat 3 moves synchronously to the position of the grinding assembly 5. During the movement of the U-shaped seat 3, the roller 713 moves along the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 6 to the plane of the trapezoidal block 6. The roller 713 is squeezed by the trapezoidal block 6 and gradually approaches the bearing saddle workpiece 15 to be ground, so that the connecting block 711 connected to the roller 713 and the clamping plate 712 fixed to the connecting block 711 both approach the bearing saddle workpiece 15 to be ground, until the clamping plates 712 on both sides cooperate and clamp the bearing saddle workpiece 15 to be ground. Subsequently, after the control reducer 52 works, it drives the grinding wheel 53 to rotate, and the reducer 52 is lowered through the push rod end of the electric push rod 51. The grinding wheel 53 will contact the top of the bearing saddle workpiece 15 and perform grinding. After the grinding wheel 53 finishes grinding, the push rod end of the electric push rod 51 carries the reducer 52 and the grinding wheel 53 to rise and reset. The linear module 2 controls the two sliding seats to move away from the grinding assembly 5. The roller 713 moves along the plane of the trapezoidal block 6 to the inclined surface of the trapezoidal block 6 until the roller 713 separates from the trapezoidal block 6. During this process, the spring 723 gradually returns from the compressed state to the initial state, so that the limiting plate 722 connected to the spring 723, the slide rod 721 fixed to the limiting plate 722, and the clamping plate 712 fixed to the slide rod 721 all move away from the bearing saddle workpiece 15. Finally, the two clamping plates 712 automatically release the bearing saddle workpiece 15 without the need for manual operation of the clamping plates 712, reducing the workload of the workers.

[0036] A first through hole 8 and a second through hole 9 are provided through the horizontal plate of the U-shaped seat 3. The second through holes 9 are arranged in two rows and symmetrically distributed about the first through holes 8. Each row of second through holes 9 has multiple holes arranged in a straight line, and the end of the second through hole 9 away from the first through hole 8 is located near the pre-positioning groove 7121. During the grinding process of the grinding assembly 5 on the bearing saddle workpiece 15, some debris falls from the first through holes 8 and the second through holes 9 into the bottom of the processing box 1 for subsequent collection and cleaning.

[0037] Chip removal holes 10 are provided through the side walls of the machining box 1. Synchronous pulleys 11 are rotatably mounted between the inner walls on both sides of the machining box 1. There are two synchronous pulleys 11, located at both ends of the machining box 1. A chip removal motor 12 is fixed on the side wall of the machining box 1 to drive one of the synchronous pulleys 11 to rotate. The output end of the chip removal motor 12 passes through the side wall of the machining box 1 and is rotatably connected. The output end of the chip removal motor 12 is fixed to one end of the synchronous pulley 11 near the chip removal hole 10. A synchronous belt 13 is provided inside the machining box 1, which cooperates with both synchronous pulleys 11 and is used to discharge the chips generated during the grinding of the saddle workpiece 15 through the chip removal hole 10. During the grinding process of the grinding assembly 5 on the bearing saddle workpiece 15, the chips fall to the top of the synchronous belt 13, and the chip removal motor 12 is controlled to work and drive one of the synchronous pulleys 11 to rotate. Since the synchronous belt 13 is engaged with both synchronous pulleys 11, the synchronous belt 13 is driven to rotate and carry the chips out of the processing box 1 through the chip removal hole 10, eliminating the tedious operation of manually cleaning the chips.

[0038] Inclined plates 14 are fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the protective shell 4, and the distance between the inclined plates 14 and the inner walls of the protective shell 4 gradually increases from top to bottom. During the grinding process of the grinding assembly 5 on the bearing saddle workpiece 15, the inclined plates 14 shield the clamping components 71 such as the clamping plate 712 and the connecting block 711, reducing the probability that debris will fall into the prepositioning groove 7121 and affect the clamping operation of the clamping plate 712 on the bearing saddle workpiece 15.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A saddle-carrying processing device, comprising a processing box (1) with a top opening, wherein linear modules (2) are fixed on the inner walls of both sides of the processing box (1), and U-shaped seats (3) are fixed between the sliding seats of the linear modules (2) on both sides, and a protective shell (4) is fixed on the top of the processing box (1), wherein a grinding assembly (5) for grinding a saddle-carrying workpiece (15) to be ground is provided inside the protective shell (4), characterized in that: The inner wall of the protection shell (4) is fixed with trapezoidal blocks (6) on both sides, the side plate of the U-shaped seat (3) is provided with a clamping mechanism (7) for clamping the bearing saddle workpiece (15) on both sides, the clamping mechanism (7) comprises a clamping assembly (71), the clamping assembly (71) comprises a connecting block (711) penetratingly arranged on the side plate of the U-shaped seat (3) and slidingly fitted, a clamping plate (712) fixed with the connecting block (711) away from the inner wall of the protection shell (4), and a roller (713) rotatably installed on the connecting block (711) away from the clamping plate (712), the roller (713) drives the clamping plate (712) to clamp the bearing saddle workpiece (15) under the action of the plane between the two inclined surfaces of the trapezoidal block (6), and the clamping mechanism (7) further comprises a reset assembly (72) for driving the clamping plate (712) to reset when the roller (713) is away from the trapezoidal block (6).

2. The load-bearing saddle machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing saddle workpiece (15) is integrally formed with a saddle (151) on both sides, the saddle (151) on each side of the bearing saddle workpiece (15) is provided with two and symmetrically distributed, the side wall of the clamping plate (712) away from the side plate of the U-shaped seat (3) is provided with a pre-positioning groove (7121) matched with the saddle (151), and the end of the connecting block (711) away from the clamping plate (712) is provided with a mounting groove (7111) for mounting the roller (713).

3. The load-bearing saddle machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset assembly (72) comprises a sliding rod (721) fixed on the side wall of the clamping plate (712), a limiting plate (722) fixed on the end of the sliding rod (721) away from the clamping plate (712), and a spring (723) sleeved on the sliding rod (721) and fixed between the limiting plate (722) and the side plate of the U-shaped seat (3), and the sliding rod (721) penetrates through the side plate of the U-shaped seat (3) and is slidingly fitted.

4. The load-bearing saddle machining device of claim 1, wherein: The horizontal plate of the U-shaped seat (3) is provided with a first through hole (8) and a second through hole (9) penetratingly arranged, the second through hole (9) is provided with two rows and is symmetrically distributed about the first through hole (8), and the end of the second through hole (9) away from the first through hole (8) is arranged adjacent to the pre-positioning groove (7121).

5. The load-bearing saddle machining device of claim 1, wherein: The side wall of the machining box (1) is provided with a chip removal through hole (10) penetratingly arranged, the inner walls of the machining box (1) on both sides are rotatably installed with synchronous wheels (11), the synchronous wheels (11) are provided with two and respectively located at the two ends of the machining box (1), the machining box (1) is fixed with a chip removal motor (12) for driving one of the synchronous wheels (11) to rotate, and the machining box (1) is provided with a synchronous belt (13) matched with the two synchronous wheels (11) and used for discharging the chips generated by polishing the bearing saddle workpiece (15) from the chip removal through hole (10).

6. The load-bearing saddle machining device of claim 1, wherein: The inner wall of the protection shell (4) is fixed with inclined plates (14) on both sides, and the distance between the inclined plate (14) and the inner wall of the protection shell (4) gradually increases from top to bottom.

7. The load-bearing saddle machining device of claim 1, wherein: The polishing assembly (5) comprises an electric push rod (51) fixed on the top of the protective shell (4), a speed reducer (52) fixed on the end of the electric push rod (51), and a polishing wheel (53) detachably connected with the transmission rod of the speed reducer (52), and the end of the electric push rod (51) penetrates through the top of the protective shell (4) and is in sliding fit.

8. The load-bearing saddle machining device of claim 3, wherein: When the spring (723) is in the original length state, the distance between the side wall on the side away from the clamping plate (712) of the limiting plate (722) and the inner wall of the protective shell (4) is 0.5-1.5 cm.

Images