Chuck assembly for rotary power tool

Abstract

A chuck assembly for a rotary power tool includes a body rotatable about a central axis, the body including a plurality of openings and a first set of threads, a plurality of jaws received within the plurality of openings in the body; a collar surrounding the body, the collar including a stepped portion configured to engage the plurality of jaws to limit radial movement of the plurality of jaws, a second set of threads coupled to co-rotate with the collar and engaged with the first set of threads on the body such that rotation of the collar relative to the body causes axial movement of the collar along the body; and a spring biasing the collar such that the stepped portion is biased into engagement with the plurality of jaws.

Description

[0001] Cross-reference to related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to co-pending U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 596,007, filed November 3, 2023, and co-pending U.S. Provisional Application No. 63 / 682,204, filed August 12, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] This utility model relates to power tools, and more specifically to chuck assemblies for rotary power tools. Background Technology

[0004] Power tools with a rotary output (i.e., rotary power tools) typically include a chuck assembly with a plurality of jaws adjustable to hold and secure the tool head (e.g., a drill bit). Some chuck assemblies are configured to accept a continuous range of tool head sizes (referred to herein as a "continuously variable chuck"). Other chuck assemblies, often referred to as tool head retainers, are configured to accept a standard-sized hexagonal shank tool head. Compared to continuously variable chucks, such chuck assemblies can be optimized to reduce weight, size, manufacturing costs, and head change time by utilizing standard shank geometry. However, hexagonal shank tool heads exist in a variety of standard nominal sizes. For example, 1 / 4-inch hexagonal tool heads are commonly used for fastener drives, drill bits, and accessory tool heads; 3 / 8-inch hexagonal tool heads are commonly used for hole saw tool heads; and 7 / 16-inch hexagonal tool heads are available for higher torque applications. The actual external width of such hexagonal tool heads may differ slightly from the nominal size. For example, a hex tool head that is nominally 3 / 8 inch may have an actual external width of 11 / 32 inches. Utility Model Content

[0005] There is a need for a chuck assembly that can accept multiple standard-sized tool head shanks without being affected by the drawbacks of continuously variable chucks.

[0006] In some aspects, the present invention relates to a chuck assembly for a rotary power tool, the chuck assembly comprising: a body rotatable about a central axis, the body including a plurality of openings and a first set of threads; a plurality of jaws received within the plurality of openings in the body; a collar surrounding the body, the collar including a stepped portion configured to engage the plurality of jaws to limit radial movement of the plurality of jaws; a second set of threads coupled to rotate with the collar and engage with the first set of threads on the body, such that rotation of the collar relative to the body causes axial movement of the collar along the body; and a spring biasing the collar such that the stepped portion is biased to engage with the plurality of jaws.

[0007] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly that further includes a plate coupled to rotate with a collar, the plate including a central hole through which a body extends.

[0008] In some respects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, wherein a second set of threads is formed in the plate around the periphery of a central hole.

[0009] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, wherein a spring has a first end of an engaging body and a second end of an engaging plate.

[0010] In some respects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, wherein the spring is a conical helical spring.

[0011] In some respects, the technology described in this invention relates to chuck assemblies in which the plates have uneven thickness.

[0012] In some respects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, wherein the thickness of the plate near the central hole is greater than the thickness near the outer periphery of the plate.

[0013] In some aspects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly, wherein each thread in the second set of threads includes a recess configured to receive the end of a corresponding thread in the first set of threads.

[0014] In some respects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly in which axial movement of the collar is restricted when the end of the corresponding thread is received in a recess.

[0015] In some aspects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly, wherein each of the plurality of jaws includes a stepped outer surface that can engage with a stepped portion of a collar.

[0016] In some aspects, the present invention relates to a chuck assembly for a rotary power tool, the chuck assembly comprising: a body rotatable about a central axis, the body including a plurality of openings and an externally threaded portion; a plurality of jaws received within the plurality of openings in the body; a collar surrounding the body, the collar including stepped portions configured to engage the plurality of jaws; a plate coupled to rotate with the collar, the plate having an internally threaded portion configured to engage the externally threaded portion of the body, such that, upon engagement, rotation of the collar and plate relative to the body causes the collar and plate to move axially along the body; and a locking assembly configured to selectively prevent rotation of the collar and plate relative to the body.

[0017] In some respects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, which further includes a sleeve surrounding a collar, the sleeve being rotatable relative to the collar by a first distance, and being rotatable together with the collar when the sleeve rotates by a distance greater than the first distance.

[0018] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, further comprising a rotation limiter coupled to a body, the rotation limiter including an arm extending along an external threaded portion of a plate and capable of engaging an internal threaded portion of the plate to limit rotation of the plate.

[0019] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly that further includes a spring biasing a collar such that a stepped portion is biased to engage with a plurality of jaws, and wherein the spring is a conical spring.

[0020] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, wherein the locking assembly includes: a ratchet plate having a plurality of ratchet teeth formed on an outer surface of the ratchet plate; a pawl ring positioned within a collar, the pawl ring including a plurality of pawl arms configured to engage the plurality of ratchet teeth of the ratchet plate; and a plurality of lifting arms coupled to a sleeve, the plurality of lifting arms configured to disengage the pawl arms from the plurality of ratchet teeth in response to rotation of the sleeve, wherein the locking assembly includes a locked state in which the pawl arms are engaged with the plurality of ratchet teeth and allow rotation of the collar relative to the body in a first direction about a central axis, and prevent rotation of the collar relative to the body in a second direction opposite to the first direction about the central axis; wherein the locking assembly includes an unlocking state in which the locking arms disengage the pawl arms from engagement with the plurality of ratchet teeth and allow rotation of the collar relative to the body about the central axis in the first and second directions.

[0021] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, wherein the locking assembly includes: a plurality of first teeth formed on a plate; a locking plate coupled to a body for common rotation, the locking plate being movable along the axial direction of the body, the locking plate including a plurality of second teeth configured to selectively engage the plurality of first teeth; and a locking spring biasing the locking plate along a central axis to contact the plate.

[0022] In some aspects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly in which a collar rotates with a torque greater than a torque threshold, causing a locking plate to move axially away from the plate against the bias of a locking spring, allowing a plurality of first teeth to slide on a plurality of second teeth.

[0023] In some aspects, the present invention relates to a chuck assembly for a rotary power tool, the chuck assembly comprising: a body rotatable about a central axis, the body including a plurality of openings and a plurality of sizing grooves formed on the body, each sizing groove including a plurality of helical grooves; a plurality of jaws received within the plurality of openings in the body; a collar surrounding the body, the collar configured to rotate about the central axis and move axially relative to the body along the central axis, the collar being configured to engage the plurality of jaws; and a plurality of protrusions coupled to the collar and configured to move relative to the body together with the collar, wherein the plurality of protrusions are configured to engage the plurality of sizing grooves.

[0024] In some aspects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly, wherein each of a plurality of sizing groove groups includes an axial groove extending through a plurality of helical grooves.

[0025] In some respects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly in which, as the collar moves axially along a central axis, each of a plurality of protrusions is configured to slide along an axial groove of a corresponding sizing groove group among a plurality of sizing groove groups.

[0026] In some respects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly in which the bottom surfaces of a plurality of spiral grooves are textured.

[0027] In some respects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly, wherein a plurality of protrusions are formed on a washer coupled to a collar.

[0028] In some aspects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly that further includes a locking component configured to selectively inhibit rotation of a collar.

[0029] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, wherein the body includes a plurality of ratchet teeth, and wherein the locking assembly includes a locking ring having a cantilever capable of engaging with the plurality of ratchet teeth.

[0030] In some aspects, the technology described in this invention relates to a chuck assembly, wherein the locking assembly includes a locking pin that is movable in a radial direction toward a central axis to press the cantilever into engagement with a plurality of ratchet teeth.

[0031] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly that further includes a sleeve coupled to a collar, wherein a locking pin is movable in a radial direction in response to rotation of the sleeve relative to the collar.

[0032] In some aspects, the technology described in this utility model relates to a chuck assembly, wherein a plurality of protrusions include a plurality of pins coupled to rotate together with a collar.

[0033] Other features and aspects of this utility model will become apparent from a careful reading of the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a chuck assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is possible to be Figure 1 A perspective view of an exemplary tool head held by the chuck assembly.

[0036] Figure 3 It shows that it can be shown Figure 2 A diagram showing three different nominal sizes of shanks used on the tool head.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a perspective sectional view of a chuck assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A 3D view of the chuck assembly, in which the collar has been removed.

[0039] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the main body of the chuck assembly.

[0040] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A three-dimensional view of the jaws of the chuck assembly.

[0041] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A 3D view of the positioning washer of the chuck assembly.

[0042] Figure 9A It is in the first position. Figure 1 A side sectional view of the chuck assembly.

[0043] Figure 9B It is in the second position. Figure 1 A side sectional view of the chuck assembly.

[0044] Figure 9C It is in the third position. Figure 1 A side sectional view of the chuck assembly.

[0045] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of a chuck assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A side view of the main body of the chuck assembly.

[0047] Figure 12A It is in a locked configuration. Figure 10 Rear section view of the locking component of the chuck assembly.

[0048] Figure 12B It is in the intermediate configuration Figure 10 Rear section view of the locking component of the chuck assembly.

[0049] Figure 12C It is in the unlocked configuration. Figure 10 Rear section view of the locking component of the chuck assembly.

[0050] Figure 13 yes Figure 10 A three-dimensional view of the locking ring of the chuck assembly.

[0051] Figure 14 This is a perspective view of a chuck assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 15 yes Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the chuck assembly.

[0053] Figure 16 yes Figure 14 A 3D view of the chuck assembly, in which the collar has been removed.

[0054] Figure 17 yes Figure 14 A three-dimensional view of the main body of the chuck assembly.

[0055] Figure 18 yes Figure 14 A 3D view of the positioning plate of the chuck assembly.

[0056] Figure 19 yes Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of the collar of the chuck assembly.

[0057] Figure 20A It is in the first position. Figure 14 A side sectional view of the chuck assembly.

[0058] Figure 20B It is in the second position. Figure 14 A side sectional view of the chuck assembly.

[0059] Figure 20C It is in the third position. Figure 14 A side sectional view of the chuck assembly.

[0060] Figure 20D It is in the third position. Figure 14 A three-dimensional sectional view of the chuck assembly.

[0061] Figure 21This is a perspective view of a chuck assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 22A It is along Figure 21 A sectional view taken from line 22A-22A of the collar of the chuck assembly.

[0063] Figure 22B yes Figure 21 Rear view of the chuck component.

[0064] Figure 23 yes Figure 21 A 3D view of the chuck assembly, in which the collar assembly has been removed.

[0065] Figure 24 yes Figure 21 A cross-sectional view of the rotatable sleeve of the chuck assembly's collar assembly.

[0066] Figure 25 yes Figure 21 A three-dimensional view of the collar assembly of the chuck component.

[0067] Figure 26 yes Figure 21 A three-dimensional view of the main body of the chuck assembly.

[0068] Figure 27 yes Figure 21 A three-dimensional view of the chuck assembly plate.

[0069] Figure 28 yes Figure 21 A perspective view of the rotation limiter of the chuck assembly.

[0070] Figure 29A yes Figure 21 A three-dimensional view of the pawl ring of the chuck assembly.

[0071] Figure 29B This is a perspective view of a ratchet ring according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 29C This is another perspective view of another pawl ring according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 30 This is a perspective view of a chuck assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 31 It is along Figure 30 A sectional view along line 31-31 of the collar of the chuck assembly.

[0075] Figure 32 yes Figure 30 A side view of the chuck assembly, in which the collar assembly has been removed.

[0076] Figure 33 yes Figure 30 A three-dimensional view of the chuck assembly plate.

[0077] Figure 34 yes Figure 30 A three-dimensional view of the ratchet plate of the chuck assembly.

[0078] Figure 35 This is a perspective view of a chuck assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 36 It is along Figure 35 A sectional view of the collar of the chuck assembly, line 36-36.

[0080] Figure 37 yes Figure 35 A 3D view of the chuck assembly, in which the collar has been removed.

[0081] Figure 38 yes Figure 35 A three-dimensional view of the chuck assembly plate.

[0082] Figure 39 yes Figure 35 A 3D view of the locking plate of the chuck assembly.

[0083] Figure 40 This is a cross-sectional view of a chuck assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] Before explaining any embodiment of this invention in detail, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the application of the details of the construction and arrangement of the components described in the following description or shown in the following drawings. This invention can have other embodiments and can be implemented or carried out in various ways. Detailed Implementation

[0085] Figure 1 A chuck assembly 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The chuck assembly 10 can be connected to the output component (e.g., spindle, anvil, etc.; not shown) of a rotary power tool (e.g., drill bit, impact driver, etc.; not shown) for rotation with the output component. The chuck assembly 10 shown is configured to quickly receive and hold tool heads (e.g., drill bits, screwdriver heads, etc.) having at least two (e.g., three) different predetermined nominal sizes of standardized shanks. For example, the chuck assembly 10 shown is configured to receive a tool head 14 having a hexagonal shank 18, which can be any one of a first nominal size 22, a second nominal size 26, and a third nominal size 30. Figure 2 and Figure 3The first, second, and third nominal dimensions 22, 26, and 30 are preferably standard or commonly used hexagonal shank sizes, such as 1 / 4 inch, 3 / 8 inch, and 7 / 16 inch. The chuck assembly 10 can be configured to receive tool heads with other types of shanks (e.g., square, triangular, round, etc.). Additionally, the chuck assembly 10 can be configured to receive four or more tool heads with different nominal shank sizes. The hexagonal shank 18 further includes a recess 20 configured to engage a portion of the chuck assembly 10 to restrict axial movement.

[0086] See Figure 4 The chuck assembly 10 includes a body 34, a plurality of jaws 38, and a collar 42. The body 34 is coupled to rotate with the output member of the power tool about a central axis A1. The jaws 38 are configured to engage the shank 18 of the tool head 14 to couple the tool head 14 to rotate with the body 34. The illustrated chuck assembly 10 includes three jaws 38; however, in other embodiments, the chuck assembly 10 may include other numbers of jaws 38. As described in more detail below, the collar 42 may selectively rotate about the central axis A1 and slide axially along the central axis A1 to release the tool head 14 within the chuck assembly 10 or retain the tool head 14 within the chuck assembly 10.

[0087] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the main body 34 includes a head portion 54 and a shaft portion 58. The head portion 54 includes a tool head hole 62 configured to receive a tool head 14 and a plurality of openings 64 circumferentially disposed around the head portion 54. In the illustrated embodiment, the tool head hole 62 is hexagonal in a plane perpendicular to axis A1, but in other embodiments, the tool head hole 62 may be square, triangular, or circular. Each opening 64 receives a corresponding jaw 38 of the jaws 38, such that each jaw 38 is configured to move radially inward or outward within its associated tool head hole 62. The shaft portion 58 includes a hole 66 configured to receive an output member. Figure 4 ) and a plurality of sizing grooves 68 spaced circumferentially around the shaft portion 58. Figure 5-6 In the illustrated embodiment, hole 66 includes threads to engage the output member of the rotating tool; however, in other embodiments, other connection methods (e.g., splines, press fits, mechanical fasteners, etc.) may be used to couple body 34 to the output member for common rotation.

[0088] Each illustrated sizing groove group 68 includes a plurality of (e.g., three) helical grooves 70 and an axial groove 72 extending through each helical groove 70. Figure 6 The sizing groove assembly 68 is configured to hold the collar 42 in one of three axial positions. Figure 9A-C), corresponding to one of the three helical grooves 70, as further detailed below. In other embodiments, the sizing groove group 68 may include different numbers of helical grooves 70 to hold the collar 42 in fewer than three axial positions or more than three axial positions. In the illustrated embodiment, the bottom surface of the helical groove 70 includes a textured surface 74 ( Figure 5 It provides auditory and tactile feedback as the collar 42 moves.

[0089] like Figure 7 As shown, each jaw 38 has a front end or tip 78, an outer side 80 extending rearward from the tip 78, a tool engagement side 82 extending parallel to axis A1 and configured to engage the shank 18 of the tool head 14, and an angled surface extending at an inclined angle between the tool engagement side 82 and the tip 78. A rear side 84 of each jaw 38 extends between the outer side 80 and the tool engagement side 82. The rear side 84 may be oriented at an inclined angle relative to the tool engagement side 82.

[0090] See also Figure 7 The tool engagement side 82 further includes a protruding rib 86 capable of engaging the groove 20 of the tool head 14 to axially retain the tool head 14. The outer side 80 of each gripper 38 has a generally stepped shape defined alternately by a plurality of flat surfaces 88 (or platforms) oriented generally parallel to the central axis A1 and a plurality of inclined surfaces 90 (or faces) oriented at an angle relative to the central axis A1. In some embodiments, the flat surfaces 88 may be formed with a draft angle, such that the flat surfaces 88 do not extend parallel to the central axis A1, but instead define an angle with the central axis A1 smaller than the angle of inclination of the inclined surfaces 90. The shown gripper 38 further includes a pair of laterally extending ears 92 received within a portion of each opening 64 to prevent movement of the gripper 38 along the central axis A1.

[0091] See you again Figure 4 The collar 42 of the chuck assembly 10 surrounds the body 34. The collar 42 includes a jaw engagement portion 106 on its inner side and a user-engageable portion 108 on its outer side. The jaw engagement portion 106 includes a plurality of flat surfaces 112 and a plurality of inclined surfaces 116, and both inclined surfaces 116 are configured to engage some combination of inclined surfaces 90 of the jaws 38. The user-engageable portion 108 extends from the collar 42 and is configured to allow a user gripping the collar 42 to apply an axial force to move the collar 42 along a central axis A1.

[0092] See also Figure 4The chuck assembly 10 shown further includes a positioning washer 94, a coil spring 96, a spring washer 98 (e.g., a Bainck washer), and a retaining ring 102, each surrounded by a collar 42. Figure 8 The positioning washer 94, shown in more detail, is annular and includes a plurality of protrusions 120 formed on its inner circumference and a plurality of slots 124 formed on its outer circumference. The protrusions 120 are received by a sizing groove group 68 of the body 34 and configured to move within a helical groove 70 of the sizing groove group 68. The pin groove 124 is configured to receive a pin 122, which extends into a pin receiving opening 126 of the collar 42. The pin 122 thus couples the positioning washer 94 to rotate together with the collar 42.

[0093] The coil spring 96 has a first end that presses against the positioning washer 94 and a second end that presses against the flange portion 128 of the body 34. The coil spring 96 biases the positioning washer 94 in a rearward (axial) direction and, together with the positioning washer 94, biases the collar 42. The spring washer 98 has an interior that presses against the positioning washer 94 and an exterior that presses against the positioning ring 102 on the side opposite to the coil spring 96, the positioning ring 102 being located in the positioning ring groove 130 of the collar 42. In this way, the spring washer 98 axially holds the positioning washer 94.

[0094] In use, to load a tool head (such as tool head 14) into the chuck assembly 10, the user rotates the collar 42 about the central axis A1 in the release direction (e.g., counterclockwise) to move the protrusion 120 of the positioning washer 94 from the helical groove 70 to the axial groove 72. Rotation of the collar 42 in the release direction can be limited by the protrusion 120 striking the wall of the axial groove 72 opposite to the helical groove 70.

[0095] Next, the user engages either the user-engageable portion 108 or any part of the collar 42 and moves the collar 42 forward along the central axis A1 to a degree permitted by the chuck assembly 10 (e.g., to a degree limited by the length of the slot 72). As the collar 42 moves forward, a gap is formed between the jaw engagement portion 106 and the outer side 80 of the jaw 38. The user can then insert the shank 18 of the tool head 14 into the tool head hole 62 of the body 34.

[0096] As the tool head 14 is inserted, the rear end of the shank 18 engages the angled surface 83 of the jaw 38, causing the jaw 38 to shift outwards sufficiently to accommodate the external dimensions of the shank 18. The shank 18 can then be fully inserted into the chuck assembly 10. Once inserted, the user can release the collar 42, which moves rearwards under the action of the coil spring 96. In the illustrated embodiment, the collar 42 moves rearwards to... Figure 9A-C represents one of the three positions, each corresponding to the first, second, and third nominal dimensions 22, 26, and 30 of the shank 18 of the tool head 14, respectively. As the collar 42 moves rearward, the engaging inclined surface 116 of the collar 42 engages the inclined surface 90 of the jaw 38, causing the jaw 38 to move radially inward within the tool head bore 62 to a position corresponding to one of the first, second, or third nominal dimensions 22, 26, and 30. The jaw 38 continues to move radially inward until the tool engagement side 82 contacts the tool head 14. Additionally, a protruding rib 86 engages a groove 20 in the tool head 14, which restricts the axial movement of the tool head 14 within the chuck assembly 10.

[0097] Once the jaws 38 engage the tool head 14 and if the shank 18 of the tool head 14 is compatible with the chuck assembly 10 (having a shank size that matches one of the three nominal sizes 22, 26, 30), the user can rotate the collar 42 about the central axis A1 in the tightening direction (e.g., clockwise). The clockwise rotation of the collar 42 also causes the protrusion 120 of the positioning washer 94 to rotate from the slot 72 into one of the helical grooves 70 corresponding to sizes 22, 26, 30 of the inserted tool head shank 18. As the protrusion 120 moves within the helical groove 70, the positioning washer 94 and the collar 42 move rearward. This additional rearward movement causes the jaw engagement portion 106 of the collar 42 to apply additional clamping force to the outer side 80 of the jaws 38, which further causes the jaws 38 to move radially inward. This additional radial movement of the jaws 38 causes the jaws 38 to tighten around the tool head 14 for better retention within the chuck assembly 10.

[0098] In the illustrated embodiment, as the protrusion 120 moves within the helical groove 70, it contacts the textured surface 74, generating auditory and / or tactile feedback. This auditory and / or tactile feedback alerts the user that the protrusion 120 has successfully entered the helical groove 70 and that the chuck assembly 10 is further tightening around the tool head 14. The textured surface 74 also increases the rolling resistance of the protrusion 120 along the helical groove 70 to prevent accidental loosening of the collar 42 (e.g., if the body 34 is rotating and suddenly stops).

[0099] Figure 10-13Another embodiment of chuck assembly 210 is shown, which is configured to quickly receive and secure tool heads with standard-sized shanks having three different predetermined nominal sizes (e.g., 1 / 4 inch, 3 / 8 inch, and 7 / 16 inch). In other embodiments, the chuck assembly may receive and secure tool heads with two standard-sized shanks or four or more standard-sized shanks. Chuck assembly 210 is similar in some respects to chuck assembly 10, wherein similar components are marked with similar reference numerals plus "200". Therefore, the following description focuses primarily on the differences between chuck assembly 210 and chuck assembly 10.

[0100] The illustrated chuck assembly 210 includes a body 234, a plurality of jaws 238, a collar assembly 240, and a locking assembly 241. The body 234 receives a portion of a tool head 14 and is coupled to rotate with the output member of a power tool. The plurality of jaws 238 are configured to engage a portion of a shank 18 and hold the tool head 14. The collar assembly 240 is axially movable and rotatable to a limited extent about and relative to the body 234 to selectively clamp the jaws 238 onto the shank 18 of the tool head 14 and selectively release the jaws 238 to allow removal of the tool head 14. As described in more detail below, the locking assembly 241 prevents accidental loosening of the jaws 238 by inhibiting rotation of the collar assembly 240 relative to the body 234. For example, the locking assembly 241 may provide an inertial locking function that prevents the collar assembly 240 from continuing to rotate if the body 234 rotates and then suddenly stops.

[0101] Figure 10-11 The body 234 of the chuck assembly 210 is shown. The body 234 includes a head portion 254, a shaft portion 258, and a flange portion 328 defining an interface between the head portion and the shaft portions 254, 258. The head portion 254 includes a tool head hole 262 for receiving a tool head 14. Figure 10 The shaft portion 258 includes a bore 266 configured to receive an output component (e.g., a spindle) of a power tool, a plurality of sizing grooves 268, and a plurality of ratchet teeth 276. Each of the plurality of sizing grooves 268 is circumferentially spaced from each other and includes an axial groove 270 and a plurality of (e.g., three) helical grooves 272. The sizing grooves 268 are configured to receive a portion of a locking assembly 241, as discussed further below. The ratchet teeth 276 are divided into three groups, each group positioned between the sizing grooves 268. The ratchet teeth 276 are configured to engage a portion of the locking assembly 241, as discussed further below. The flange portion 328 is configured to retain one end of a helical spring 296. The helical spring 296 is configured to bias the collar assembly 240 in a rearward direction.

[0102] See Figure 10The collar assembly 240 includes a collar 242 and a rotatable sleeve 244. The collar 242 is located on the outer side. The surfaces of the jaw engagement portions 306 are configured to engage the outer portions 280 of each jaw 238 in the same manner as described above for engaging the chuck assembly 10, based on the axial position of the collar assembly 240.

[0103] The rotatable sleeve 244 is configured to rotate about a central axis A2 and positioned about a collar 242 between the user-engageable portion 308 and the retaining ring 302. The outer surface of the rotatable sleeve 244 is knurled to provide the user with additional grip. See also Figure 12A The inner surface of the rotatable sleeve 244 includes a plurality of first slots 332, a plurality of second slots 334 (also referred to as deeper locking pin slots), and a plurality of third slots 336 (also referred to as shallower locking pin slots). Each of the plurality of first slots 332, second slots 334, and third slots 336 is circumferentially spaced from each other on the inner surface of the rotatable sleeve 244. In the illustrated embodiment, the rotatable sleeve 244 is made of a lightweight polymer material (e.g., nylon, polypropylene, ABS, etc.) to reduce the mass and corresponding moment of inertia of the collar assembly 240. The illustrated collar 242 is made of steel to obtain high strength so that clamping forces can be applied to the gripper 238. In other embodiments, the sleeve 244 and the collar 242 may be made of the same or different materials.

[0104] Figure 12A-13 Locking component 241 is shown in more detail. The shown locking component 241 includes a locking configuration ( Figure 12A ), unlock configuration ( Figure 12C ) and multiple intermediate positions (one of which is in Figure 12B (as shown in the image).

[0105] In the locking configuration, the locking assembly 241 prevents the collar 242 from rotating relative to the body 234, which in turn prevents the gripper 238 from disengaging from the tool head 14. In the unlocking configuration, the locking assembly 241 allows the user to rotate the collar 242 in the unlocking direction to remove the tool head 14. The locking assembly 241 also has an intermediate position during the transition between the unlocked and locked positions.

[0106] The locking assembly 241 shown includes a positioning washer 294, a plurality of first pins 344 (also referred to as protrusions), a plurality of second pins 348 (also referred to as locking pins), and a locking ring 352. The positioning washer 294 surrounds the axial portion 258 of the body 234 and includes a plurality of pin holes 356 configured to receive the pins 344, 348, thereby constraining the pins 344, 348 to allow only radial sliding movement of the pins 344, 348.

[0107] A first pin 344 extends from a first slot 332 of sleeve 244 into a sizing groove 268 of body 234 and is coupled to rotate and move axially with collar 242 and positioning washer 294. The first pin (i.e., protrusion) 344 abuts the sizing groove 268 in the same manner as the protrusion 120 of the chuck assembly 10 described above. A locking pin 348 extends from unlocking or locking pin slots 334, 336 of rotatable sleeve 244 and engages with locking ring 352. Similar to the first pin 344, the locking pin 348 is coupled to rotate and move axially with collar 242. The locking pin 344 can also move radially in response to rotation of sleeve 244 relative to collar 242.

[0108] In the illustrated embodiment, the unlocked pressure pin groove 334 is shallower than the locked pressure pin groove 336, and the inner surface of the sleeve 244 defines a cam profile that has a peak 335 between the two grooves 336. Therefore, when the sleeve 244 moves from the unlocked position ( Figure 12C Rotate to the locked position. Figure 12A When the cam profile is pressed inward, the locking pin 348 is pressed inward by the profile of the cam profile, and the locking pin 348 then applies pressure to the locking ring 352, as described below.

[0109] The locking ring 352 shown is located between the body 234 and the positioning washer 294. (As shown) Figure 13 As shown, the locking ring 352 includes a plurality of second pin holes 360 and a plurality of cantilever arms 364. The second pin holes 360 receive first pins 344 passing through them, such that the locking ring 352 is coupled to rotate together with the collar 242. When engaged by the locking pin 348, the cantilever arms 364 elastically deform inward to engage the ratchet teeth 276 of the body 234. Figure 12A To form the locking ring 352, a spring-like material (e.g., spring steel) is stamped and rolled into a cylindrical shape. In other embodiments, the spring-like material may be laser-cut, die-formed, or shaped in various other ways.

[0110] In use, in order to load a tool head, such as tool head 14, into the chuck assembly 210, the user starts from the locking assembly 241, which is in the unlocked configuration. Figure 12CThe user then engages either the user-engageable portion 308 or any portion of the collar assembly 240, and moves the collar assembly 240 forward along the central axis A2 to a degree permitted by the chuck assembly 210 (e.g., to the degree limited by the length of the slot 270). As the collar assembly 240 moves forward, a gap is formed between the jaw engagement portion 306 and the outer portion 280 of each jaw 238. The user can then insert the shank 18 of the tool head 14 into the tool head hole 262 of the body 234. As the tool head 14 is inserted, the rear end of the shank 18 engages the jaw 238 to displace the jaw 238 outward, to a degree sufficient to accommodate the outer dimensions of the shank 18. The shank 18 can then be fully inserted into the chuck assembly 210. Once inserted, the user can release the collar assembly 240, which moves backward under the influence of the coil spring 296. As the collar assembly 240 moves rearward, the jaw engagement portion 306 abuts against the jaw 238, causing the jaw 238 to move radially inward within the tool head bore 262 to a position corresponding to one of the first, second, or third nominal dimensions 22, 26, 30. The jaw 238 continues to move radially inward until the tool engagement side 282 contacts the tool head 14. Additionally, the protruding rib 286 ( Figure 10 The groove 20 in the engaging tool head 14 restricts the axial movement of the tool head 14 in the chuck assembly 210.

[0111] Once the gripper 238 engages the tool head 14, the user can clamp it around the central axis A2 in the clamping direction T (e.g., in...). Figure 12C The sleeve 244 rotates counterclockwise in the orientation. The sleeve 244 initially rotates relative to the first pin 344, where the slot 332 defines a lost motion region. As the sleeve 244 rotates, the locking pin 348 travels along a cam profile inside the sleeve 244 until the outer end of the locking pin 348 reaches the peak 335 of the cam profile. Figure 12B At this point, as the user continues to rotate the sleeve 244 along the fastening direction T, increased rotational resistance will be encountered. The cam profile overcomes the biasing force of the cantilever 364, causing the locking pin 348 to shift radially inward, thereby bending the arm 364 inward and engaging the ratchet tooth 276 on the body 234. As the user continues to rotate the sleeve 244 along the fastening direction T, the locking pin 348 passes through the peak 335 of the cam profile and enters a shallower locking pin groove 336, which holds the locking pin 348 in a radial position, in which the cantilever 364 remains engaged with the ratchet tooth 276. Figure 12A This allows the locking component 241 to be placed in the locking configuration.

[0112] At this point, the first pin 344 reaches the end 333 of its corresponding first slot 332. The continued rotation of the sleeve 244 in the fastening direction T causes the end 333 of the slot 332 to abut against the first pin 344 and rotate the first pin 344 in the fastening direction T, rotating the collar 242, positioning washer 294, locking pin 348, and locking ring 352 together with the first pin 344 in the fastening direction T. As the first pin 344 rotates, they move from the axial groove 270 to the helical groove 272 corresponding to the shank sizes 22, 26, 30. Figure 11 The engagement between the helical groove 272 and the first pin 344 causes the collar assembly 240 to retract rearward, thereby increasing the clamping force on the jaws 238 until the tool head 14 is secured between the jaws 238. When rotated in the tightening direction T, the cantilever 364 slides on the ratchet teeth 276 and prevents the collar assembly 240 from rotating in the loosening direction until the user wishes to unlock the locking assembly 241 by rotating the sleeve 244 in the loosening direction. When the sleeve 244 rotates in the loosening direction (opposite to the tightening direction T), the deeper locking pin groove 334 aligns with the end of the locking pin 348, allowing the locking pin 348 to move radially outward under the restoring force of the cantilever 364. With the cantilever 364 disengaged from the ratchet teeth 276, the collar assembly 240 can rotate freely in the loosening direction to reduce the clamping force on the jaws 238 and align the first pin 344 with the axial groove 270 in the body 234.

[0113] Figure 14-20C Another embodiment of the chuck assembly 410 is shown, which is configured to quickly receive and secure tool heads with standard-sized shanks having three different predetermined nominal sizes (e.g., 1 / 4 inch, 3 / 8 inch, and 7 / 16 inch). In other embodiments, the chuck assembly 410 may receive and secure tool heads with shanks having two standard sizes or four or more sizes. The chuck assembly 410 is similar in some respects to the chuck assembly 10, with similar components having similar reference numerals plus "400". Therefore, the following description focuses primarily on the differences between the chuck assembly 410 and the chuck assembly 10. The illustrated chuck assembly 410 includes a body 434, a plurality of jaws 38, a collar 442, a plate 446, and a spring 496.

[0114] like Figure 14-17 As shown, the main body 434 includes a head portion 454, a shaft portion 458 defining a central axis A3, and a flange portion 528 separating the head portion 454 and the shaft portion 458. Figure 17The body 434 is configured to receive part of the tool head 14 and is coupled to rotate with the output spindle of a power tool (not shown). The head portion 454 includes a tool head bore 462 configured to receive the tool head 14 and a plurality of slots or openings 464 configured to receive a plurality of jaws 38. The shaft portion 458 shown includes a threaded bore 466 configured to receive the output spindle of the power tool; alternatively, the body 434 may be otherwise coupled to the output spindle (or integrally formed with the output spindle).

[0115] like Figure 14-15 As shown in Figure 19, the collar 442 surrounds the body 434 and is rotatable about a central axis A1. The collar 442 includes a gripper engagement portion 506 on its inner side. The gripper engagement portion 506 is stepped and includes alternating plurality of inclined surfaces 516 oriented obliquely to the axis A1 and a plurality of flat surfaces 512 oriented parallel to the axis A1. The inclined surfaces 516 are configured to engage some combination of the inclined surfaces 90 of the grippers 38. In the illustrated embodiment, the outer surface 546 of the collar 442 is textured (e.g., knurled) to facilitate the user's ability to grip and manipulate the collar 442. In other embodiments, the textured outer surface 546 may be laser-etched or overmolded with a separate material.

[0116] See Figure 19 The collar 442 shown further includes a plurality of internal recesses 550. The recesses 550 are circumferentially spaced along the inner surface of the collar 442 and are configured as protrusions 558 of corresponding size and shape on the receiving plate 446. Figure 18 A retaining ring groove 530 is also formed on the inner surface of the collar 442, adjacent to the recess 550. The retaining ring groove 530 is configured to receive a retaining ring 453, which in turn retains the plate 446 within the recess 550.

[0117] like Figure 18 As shown, plate 446 is generally annular and has a varying thickness. In the illustrated embodiment, the thickness of plate 446 is greatest near the central hole 554 and decreases at the outermost edge. Plate 446 is coupled to collar 442 and rotates together via the engagement of protrusion 558 and recess 550, and is axially fixed to collar 442 in the forward direction by the wall at the front end of recess 550, and axially fixed to collar 442 in the rearward direction by retaining ring 453. Thus, plate 446 moves axially and rotatably together with collar 442. During assembly, protrusion 558 aligns with recess 550, and plate 446 is inserted into collar 442 from the rear end. Retaining ring 453 is then installed into retaining ring groove 530 to secure plate 446 in place.

[0118] The central hole 554 of plate 446 receives the shaft portion 458 of body 434 and includes an internal helical thread 562 configured to receive a corresponding external helical thread 467 formed on shaft portion 454, thereby defining a threaded interface between plate 446 and shaft portion 454. The greater thickness of plate 446 in the region of central hole 554 provides greater strength to the threaded interface. Due to the threaded interface, rotation of plate 446 relative to body 434 (and therefore, rotation of collar 442) causes axial movement of plate 446 and collar 442 relative to body 434.

[0119] See Figure 20D Each internal helical thread 562 includes a locking recess 565 configured to receive and engage the end of a corresponding one of the external helical threads 467 of the shaft portion 454 when the collar 442 and plate 446 are rotated into an unlocked configuration. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the locking recess 565 is a region of the internal helical thread 562 where the pitch distance is greater than the remainder of the internal helical thread 562. As described in more detail below, the engagement between the end of the external thread 562 and the locking recess 565 allows the collar 442 and plate 446 to remain in the unlocked configuration. In this way, the locking recess 565 and the end of the external thread 562 define a locking assembly configured to selectively prevent rotation of the collar 442 and plate 446.

[0120] like Figure 15-16 As shown, the spring 496 extends between the flange portion 528 of the body 434 and the plate 446. As illustrated in the embodiment, the spring 496 is a conical helical spring. Therefore, the spring 496 tapers gradually, with its diameter increasing from the front end towards the rear end. The conical shape of the spring 496 provides a better fit within the generally conical internal volume defined between the collar 442 and the body 434. Furthermore, the conical shape of the helical spring 496 allows each successive coil of the helical spring 496 to be nested within the previous coil, resulting in a reduction in the total length upon compression. Additionally, the conical shape of the helical spring 496 reduces the likelihood of buckling, and the spring force increases exponentially with the deflection of the helical spring 496. However, in other embodiments, other types of springs can be used as spring 496, including but not limited to constant-diameter helical springs, cylindrical helical springs, hourglass-shaped helical springs, wave springs, etc. During operation, the helical spring 496 is configured to bias the plate 446 and the collar 442 rearward, away from the head portion 458 of the body 434. This, in turn, generates a clamping force on the jaws 38 via the jaw engagement portion 506.

[0121] In use, the user selects tool head 14 to insert into tool head hole 462 of tool chuck assembly 410. The user first rotates collar 442 about central axis A1 in the release direction. Rotation of collar 442 causes plate 446 to rotate, and threads 467, 562 engage to move plate 446 and collar 442 forward (e.g., toward and / or beyond). Figure 20C (As shown in the diagram). This compresses the spring 496 between the flange portion 528 of the plate 446 and the body 434. The mechanical advantage provided by the threads 467, 562 allows the user to more easily overcome the biasing force of the spring 496.

[0122] As the collar 442 rotates and moves forward, a gap is formed between the jaw engagement portion 506 and the outer side 80 of the jaw 38. Once the collar 442 reaches its foremost position, the end of the external thread 467 enters the locking recess 565 of the thread 562, as... Figure 20D As shown. When the end of the external thread 467 is positioned within the locking recess 565, the axial movement of the collar 442 is restricted, and the collar 442 remains in its foremost position even if the user releases it. The user can then insert the shank 18 of the tool head 14 into the tool head hole 462 of the body 434. As the tool head 14 is inserted, the rear end of the shank 18 engages the angled surface 83 of the jaw 38, causing the jaw 38 to shift outwards sufficiently to accommodate the external dimensions of the shank 18. The shank 18 can then be fully inserted into the chuck assembly 410.

[0123] Once inserted, the user rotates the collar 442 to move the end of the external thread 467 out of the locking groove 565 and release the collar 442. The spring 496 applies a rearward force on the plate 446, causing the plate 446 and the collar 442 to rotate in the tightening direction opposite to the loosening direction, and to move rearward due to the engagement of the threads 467, 562. The collar 442 continues to rotate and move rearward. Figure 20A -C represents one of three positions, each corresponding to the first, second, and third nominal dimensions 22, 26, and 30 of the shank 18 of the tool head 14, respectively. As the collar 442 moves rearward, the engaging inclined surface 516 of the collar 442 engages the inclined surface 90 of the jaw 38 to move the jaw 38 radially inward into the tool head bore 462, reaching a position corresponding to one of the first, second, or third nominal dimensions 22, 26, and 30. The jaw 38 continues to move radially inward until the tool engagement side 82 contacts the tool head 14, and the spring 496 provides a clamping force on the tool head 14 to facilitate alignment and limit runout (i.e., wobble) of the tool head 14 during operation.

[0124] Figure 21-29CAnother embodiment of chuck assembly 1010 is shown, which is configured to quickly receive and secure tool heads with standard-sized shanks having three different predetermined nominal sizes (e.g., 1 / 4 inch, 3 / 8 inch, and 7 / 16 inch). In other embodiments, chuck assembly 1010 may receive and secure tool heads with shanks having two standard sizes or four or more sizes. Chuck assembly 1010 is similar in some respects to chuck assemblies 10, 210, and 410, wherein similar components are given similar reference numerals with "1000". Therefore, the following description focuses primarily on the differences between chuck assembly 1010 and chuck assemblies 10, 210, and 410. The illustrated chuck assembly 1010 includes a body 1034, a plurality of jaws 38, a collar assembly 1040, a plate 1046, and a rotation limiter 1048. Figure 28 ), spring 1096 and locking assembly 1041.

[0125] like Figure 22A and Figure 23 As best shown, the body 1034 of the chuck assembly 1010 is rotatable about a central axis A1 and includes a head portion 1054, a shaft portion 1058, and a flange portion 1128 defining an interface between the head portion 1054 and the shaft portion 1058. The head portion 1054 includes a tool head aperture 1062 configured to receive a tool head (e.g., tool head 14) and a plurality of openings 1064 for each jaw 38.

[0126] Shaft portion 1058 includes a hole 1066, a plurality of externally threaded portions 1067, a plurality of gaps 1069 formed between each externally threaded portion 1067, and a plurality of alignment recesses 1071. The hole 1066 is configured to receive an output member (e.g., a spindle) of a power tool. In the illustrated embodiment, the hole 1066 includes a female thread, while the output member of the power tool includes a male thread. In other embodiments, the hole 1066 may be coupled to the output member via press fit, brazing, by inserting a pin into both the body 1034 and the output member, a key and keyway arrangement, or any other suitable method.

[0127] See Figure 26As described in more detail below, the external thread portions 1067 are circumferentially spaced from each other on the shaft portion 1058 and selectively engage with the plate 1046 by thread. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the thread portions 1067 includes a helical thread segment with a V-shaped thread profile; however, in other embodiments, the thread portion 1067 may have another thread profile, and preferably a standard thread profile, such as a uniform thread, ACME thread, metric thread, support thread, etc. A gap 1069 is defined between adjacent external thread portions 1067. The gap 1069 is a threadless region of the shaft portion 1058. In the illustrated embodiment, the external thread portions 1067 are defined by a continuous helix with a constant pitch, and the gap 1069 is formed, for example, by machining away a portion of the external thread. Thus, adjacent threads within each external thread portion 1067 are spaced apart by a constant pitch in a direction parallel to the axis A1.

[0128] In the illustrated embodiment, the chuck body 1034 further includes channels 1073, each channel 1073 extending centrally along a corresponding one of the gaps 1069 in a direction parallel to axis A1. Each illustrated channel 1073 passes through the rear end of the shaft portion 1058 and extends toward the flange portion 1128, terminating at a point corresponding to the end of the externally threaded portion 1067. See also... Figure 26 An arcuate rib 1071 is formed on the rear end of the shaft portion 1058. As described in more detail below, the arcuate ribs 1071 are circumferentially spaced from each other and serve to engage and position the rotation limiter 1048.

[0129] Figure 21 , 22A Figures 24 and 25 show the collar assembly 1040. The collar assembly 1040 includes a collar 1042 ( Figure 25 ) and rotatable sleeve 1044 ( Figure 24A collar 1042 surrounds a body 1034 and includes a stepped gripper engagement portion 1106 on its inner side and a plurality of external rotating features 1151 (e.g., protrusions) formed on its outer surface. A rotatable sleeve 1044 surrounds at least a portion of the collar 1042 and includes a plurality of internal rotating features 1153 (e.g., protrusions) formed on its inner surface. The circumferentially spaced distances between the external rotating features 1151 are greater than the width of each internal rotating feature 1153 of the sleeve 1044. Thus, the sleeve 1044 and the collar 1042 define a peculiar connection, wherein the sleeve 1044 can rotate relative to the collar 1042 to a limited extent and is then coupled to rotate together with the collar 1042 once the internal rotating features 1153 and the external rotating features 1151 engage. The limited relative rotation between the sleeve 1044 and the collar 1042 allows the sleeve 1044 to act as an actuator for unlocking the locking assembly 1041. For example, as described in more detail below, a user removing the tool head 14 from the chuck assembly 1010 can grasp the sleeve 1044 and rotate it in the unlocking direction. Initially, the sleeve 1044 rotates relative to the collar 1042 while the collar 1042 remains stationary. During this time, the rotation of the sleeve 1044 unlocks the locking assembly 1041. Once the locking assembly 1041 unlocks, the inner rotating feature 1153 of the sleeve 1044 engages with the outer rotating feature 1151 of the collar 1042, and the sleeve 1044 and the collar 1042 then rotate together to release the clamping force on the tool head 14.

[0130] See now Figure 22A and 27 Plate 1046 is coupled to collar 1042. Plate 1046 includes a central bore 1154 and a plurality of outwardly extending protrusions 1158. The protrusions 1158 are received within corresponding recesses 1150 of collar 1042 to couple plate 1046 and collar 1042 to rotate together. Central bore 1154 receives shaft portion 1058 of chuck body 1034, and plate 1046 includes a plurality of internal thread portions 1162 extending into central bore 1154. Each internal thread portion 1162 includes a helical thread segment configured to mate and engage with the helical thread segment of external thread portion 1067. Thus, in the illustrated embodiment, internal thread portion 1162 is a V-shaped thread with a constant pitch; however, in other embodiments, internal thread portion 1162 may be another type of thread corresponding to the thread type of external thread portion 1067.

[0131] When the internal thread portion 1162 engages with the external thread portion 1067, the rotation of the collar 1042 and plate 1046 relative to the chuck body 1034 causes the collar 1042 and plate 1046 to move axially along the chuck body 1034 via the action of the threads. The internal thread portion 1162 can also be received within the gap 1069 between the external thread portions 1067. When received within the gap 1069, the collar 1042 and plate 1046 can slide axially relative to the chuck body 1034 without rotating. The axial movement of the plate 1046 relative to the collar 1042 can be limited by a retaining ring 1053 installed in a retaining ring groove formed in the collar 1042. Figure 22A ).

[0132] See Figure 28 The rotation limiter 1048 includes a plurality of limit arms 1049 that extend into the gap 1069 and abut a circumferential end of each external threaded portion 1067. Figure 23 The rotation limiter 1048 also engages a rib 1071 formed on the rear end of the chuck body 1034, the rib 1071 coupling the rotation limiter 1048 to rotate together with the chuck body 1034. In use, the limiting arm 1049 prevents the internal threaded portion 1162 from rotating beyond the end of the external threaded portion 1067 in the tightening direction, and also prevents over-rotation into engagement with an adjacent set of external threaded portions 1067 when the internal threaded portion 1162 rotates into the gap 1069 in the loosening direction. In some embodiments, the rotation limiter 1048 is formed by a metal stamping process and then bent, but in other embodiments, the rotation limiter 1048 may be machined or cast.

[0133] Figure 22A A spring 1096 of the chuck assembly 1010 is shown, extending between the flange portion 1128 of the body 1034 and the plate 1046. As shown in the illustrated embodiment, the spring 1096 is a conical helical spring. During operation, the helical spring 1096 is configured to bias the plate 1046 and the collar 442 rearward, away from the head portion 1058 of the body 1034. This, in turn, generates a clamping force on the jaws 38 via the jaw engagement portion 1106.

[0134] Figure 22A-23A locking assembly 1041 is shown, which is movable between a locked state and an unlocked state. In the locked state, the locking assembly 1041 is configured to prevent the collar assembly 1040 from rotating relative to the body 1034 in the release direction. In the unlocked state, the collar assembly 1040 is rotatable relative to the body 1034 in the release direction. In an exemplary use case, the locking assembly 1041 prevents the rotational inertia of the chuck assembly 1010 from unintentionally causing the collar assembly 1040 to rotate relative to the body 1034 when the tool's output member suddenly stops (e.g., due to motor braking when the tool's trigger is released). The shown locking assembly 1041 includes components bonded to the chuck body 1034. Figure 22A -B) ratchet plate 1170, pawl ring 1172 surrounding ratchet plate 1170, and unlocking plate 1174.

[0135] See also Figures 22A-22B The ratchet plate 1170 includes a plurality of ratchet teeth 1176 formed on the outer surface of the ratchet plate 1170. Figure 22A , 22B Figures 23 and 29A show a pawl ring 1172 positioned within a collar 1042 and between a retaining ring 1053 and an unlocking plate 1174. Figure 22B and Figure 29A As best shown, the pawl ring 1172 includes a plurality of pawl arms 1178 configured to engage a plurality of ratchet teeth 1176 of the ratchet plate 1170. In the illustrated embodiment, the plurality of pawl arms 1178 includes three angular-in-shape pawl arms 1178. In other embodiments, such as Figure 29B In the embodiment shown, the pawl ring 1172B may include an arc-shaped pawl arm 1178B. In other embodiments, such as Figure 29C In the embodiment shown, the pawl ring 1172C may include more than three pawl arms 1178C (e.g., six pawl arms), and the length of the pawl arms 1178C may vary.

[0136] Figure 22A and 22BAn unlocking plate 1174 is shown, positioned behind a pawl ring 1172. The unlocking plate 1174 includes a plurality of alignment features 1180 and a plurality of lifting arms 1182. The alignment features 1180 are formed on an outer circumferential surface and configured to couple the unlocking plate 1174 to a rotatable sleeve 1044 for co-rotation. The lifting arms 1182 extend axially forward toward the pawl ring 1172 and are configured to selectively contact pawl arms 1178. Specifically, the lifting arms 1182 are configured to lift pawl arms 1178 away from the ratchet teeth 1176 (unlocked state) of the ratchet plate 1170 to allow the collar assembly 1040 to rotate in the release direction. Once the lifting arms 1182 are no longer in contact with the pawl arms 1178, the pawl arms 1178 are radially inwardly biased and contact the plurality of ratchet teeth 1176. When the pawl arm 1178 contacts the ratchet tooth 1176, the collar assembly 1040 is no longer allowed to rotate in the release direction (i.e., the locked state).

[0137] In use, the user selects tool head 14 to insert into tool head hole 1062 of tool chuck assembly 1010. The user first rotates the rotatable sleeve 1044 of collar assembly 1040 about central axis A1 in the release direction. Simultaneously, unlocking plate 1174 rotates together with rotatable sleeve 1044, and lifting arm 1182 engages pawl arm 1178. As a result, pawl arm 1178 moves radially outward and away from ratchet teeth 1176 of ratchet plate 1170. Locking assembly 1041 is now in the unlocked state, allowing collar assembly 1040 to rotate in the release direction.

[0138] Next, the rotatable sleeve 1044 is further rotated until the inner rotating feature 1153 engages the outer rotating feature 1151 of the collar 1042. When the inner rotating feature 1153 and the outer rotating feature 1151 are in contact, the rotatable sleeve 1044 and the collar 1042 can rotate together about the central axis A1. In addition, the rotation of the collar 1042 in the release direction causes the plate 1046 to rotate simultaneously in the release direction. The rotatable sleeve 1044 and the collar 1042 rotate until the internal threaded portion 1162 of the plate 1046 disengages from the external threaded portion 1067 and moves into the gap 1069, reaching the degree of restriction by contact with the limiting arm 1049 of the rotation limiter 1048. Figure 23 When the internal thread portion 1162 contacts the limiting arm 1049, the internal thread portion 1162 of the plate 1046 aligns with the gap 1069.

[0139] When the internal thread portion 1162 of plate 1046 is aligned with the clearance 1069, plate 1046 and collar assembly 1040 can overcome the biasing force of spring 1096 and move forward relative to chuck body 1034 along central axis A1. Figure 22AAs the collar assembly 1040 moves forward, a gap is formed between the jaw engagement portion 1106 and the outer side 80 of each jaw 38. The user can then insert the shank 18 of the tool head 14 into the tool head hole 1062 of the body 1034. As the tool head 14 is inserted, the rear end of the shank 18 engages the jaw 38, causing the jaw 38 to shift outwards sufficiently to accommodate the external dimensions of the shank 18. The shank 18 can then be fully inserted into the chuck assembly 1010.

[0140] Once inserted, the user can release the collar assembly 1040, which moves rearward under the influence of the spring 1096. The collar assembly 1040 is able to move rearward without rotation because the internal threaded portion 1162 of the plate 1046 aligns with the clearance 1069. As the collar assembly 1040 moves rearward, the jaw engagement portion 1106 abuts against the jaw 38, causing the jaw 38 to move radially inward within the tool head bore 1062 to a position corresponding to one of the first, second, or third nominal dimensions 22, 26, 30. The jaw 38 continues to move radially inward until the tool engagement side 82 contacts the tool head 14. Additionally, the protruding rib 86 engages the groove 20 in the tool head 14, which restricts the axial movement of the tool head 14 within the chuck assembly 1010.

[0141] The user then rotates the collar assembly 1040 in the tightening direction about the central axis A1 (e.g., by gripping the sleeve 1044 and rotating it in the tightening direction). The pawl arm 1187 is configured to cross the ratchet teeth 1176 in the tightening direction, but engages the ratchet teeth 1176 to prevent loosening. The rotation of the collar 1042 (and the plate 1046 therewith) screws the internal thread portion 1162 onto the external thread portion 1067, and the plate 1046 and the collar assembly 1040 move axially rearward under the guidance of the engagement of the thread portions 1067, 1162. The additional rearward axial movement causes the pawl engagement portion 1106 of the collar 1042 to press further against the pawl 38 to retain the tool head 14 and increase the clamping force on the tool head 14. The tool head 14 is now inserted and held in the tool head bore 1062 by the pawl 38, and rotation in the loosening direction is restricted due to the locking assembly 1041 being locked.

[0142] Figures 30-34Another embodiment of chuck assembly 1210 is shown, which is configured to quickly receive and secure tool heads with standard-sized shanks having three different predetermined nominal sizes (e.g., 1 / 4 inch, 3 / 8 inch, and 7 / 16 inch). In other embodiments, chuck assembly 1210 may receive and secure tool heads with shanks having two standard sizes or four or more sizes. Chuck assembly 1210 is similar in some respects to chuck assembly 1010, with similar components having similar reference numerals plus "1200". Therefore, the following description focuses primarily on the differences between chuck assembly 1210 and chuck assembly 1010. The illustrated chuck assembly 1210 includes a body 1034, a plurality of jaws 38, a collar assembly 1240, a plate 1246, a rotation limiter 1048, a spring 1096, and a locking assembly 1241.

[0143] Figure 30 and 31 A collar assembly 1240 is shown. The collar assembly 1240 includes a collar 1242 and a rotatable sleeve 1244. The collar 1242 surrounds a body 1034 and includes a gripper engagement portion 1306 on its inner side and at least one pin groove (not shown) formed on the outer surface of the collar 1242. The rotatable sleeve 1244 surrounds at least a portion of the collar 1032 and supports a pin 1243, which extends through a circumferential groove in the collar 1242 into the interior of the collar 1242. As described in more detail below, the pin 1243 is rotatable with the sleeve 1244 to unlock the locking assembly 1241.

[0144] Figures 31-33 A plate 1246 is shown positioned within a collar 1242 and surrounding a shaft portion 1058 of a body 1034. The plate 1246 includes a central bore 1354, a plurality of first ratchet teeth 1357, and a plurality of protrusions 1358. The central bore 1354 is configured to receive the shaft portion 1058 of the body 1034 and includes a plurality of internal thread portions 1362. The plurality of internal thread portions 1362 are configured to engage a plurality of external thread portions 1067 or be received within gaps 1069 between the external thread portions 1067. The first ratchet teeth 1357 are formed on a rearward-facing surface of the plate 1246 and extend parallel to a central axis A1. In the illustrated embodiment, the first ratchet teeth 1357 are inclined in a first direction. The plurality of protrusions 1358 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the plate 1246 and are received in a plurality of recesses 1150 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the collar 1242. When the plurality of protrusions 1358 are received in the plurality of recesses 1150, the plate 1246 and the collar 1242 are coupled and can move together axially and rotatably. In addition, the position of the plate 1046 relative to the collar 1242 is further restricted by a retaining ring 1053 installed in a retaining ring groove formed in the collar 1242.

[0145] Figure 31 and 32 A locking assembly 1241 is shown positioned within a collar 1242 and behind a plate 1246. The locking assembly 1241 is movable between a locked state and an unlocked state. In the locked state, the locking assembly 1241 is configured to prevent the collar assembly 1240 from rotating relative to the body 1034 in the loosening direction, while allowing rotation in the tightening direction. In the unlocked state, the collar assembly 1240 is freely rotatable relative to the body 1034 in both the loosening and tightening directions. In one exemplary use case, the locking assembly 1241 prevents the rotational inertia of the chuck assembly 1210 from unintentionally causing the collar assembly 1040 to rotate relative to the body 1034 in the loosening direction (e.g., when the tool's output component suddenly stops). The locking assembly 1241 includes a first plurality of ratchet teeth 1357 of the plate 1246, a ratchet plate 1370, and a guide plate 1375.

[0146] like Figure 31 , 32 As shown in Figure 34, ratchet plate 1370 is positioned within collar 1242 and behind plate 1246. Ratchet plate 1370 is further biased into contact with plate 1246 by a locking spring (not shown). Ratchet plate 1370 includes a plurality of second ratchet teeth 1371, a locking cam profile 1373, and a plurality of guide slots 1377. The second ratchet teeth 1371 are formed on the forward-facing surface of ratchet plate 1370 and configured to selectively engage a plurality of first ratchet teeth 1357 of plate 1346. In the illustrated embodiment, the second ratchet teeth 1371 are inclined in a second direction opposite to the first direction. The locking cam profile 1373 is also formed on the forward-facing surface of ratchet plate 1370 and is configured to engage with pin 1243 mounted on collar assembly 1040. In other embodiments, the locking cam profile 1373 may be formed on the circumferential surface of ratchet plate 1370. A plurality of guide slots 1377 are formed in the centrally located hole of the ratchet plate 1370 and are configured to receive part of the guide plate 1375.

[0147] like Figure 31 As shown, guide plate 1375 is positioned within collar 1242 and coupled to a plurality of aligned recesses 1071 formed on the rear surface of body 1034. Guide plate 1375 includes a plurality of axial guides 1379 formed on its outer peripheral surface. Figure 31 As shown, axial guides 1379 are received within a plurality of guide slots 1377 of ratchet plate 1370. Axial guides 1379 are configured to restrict rotation of ratchet plate 1370 relative to body 1034, but allow ratchet plate 1370 to move axially along central axis A1.

[0148] In use, the user selects tool head 14 to insert into tool head hole 1062 of tool chuck assembly 1210. The user first rotates the rotatable sleeve 1244 of collar assembly 1240 about central axis A1 in the release direction. Simultaneously, pin 1243 rotates together with rotatable sleeve 1044 until pin 1243 contacts one end of pin groove formed in collar 1242. As pin 1243 moves within pin groove, pin 1243 also engages locking cam profile 1373 of ratchet plate 1370. The movement of pin 1243 in the release direction in locking cam profile 1373 causes ratchet plate 1370 to move axially rearward along axial guide 1379 and away from plate 1246. The rearward axial movement of ratchet plate 1370 disengages second ratchet tooth 1371 from first ratchet tooth 1357. Now, the locking component 1241 is in the unlocked state, and the collar component 1240 can rotate relative to the body 1034 in the release direction.

[0149] Now, the rotatable sleeve 1244 and collar 1242 rotate together in the release direction, which causes the plate 1246 to rotate simultaneously in the release direction. The rotatable sleeve 1244 and collar 1242 rotate until the internal thread portion 1362 of the plate 1246 contacts the limiting arm 1049 of the rotation limiter 1048. When the internal thread portion 1362 contacts the limiting arm 1049, the internal thread portion 1362 of the plate 1246 is aligned with the pitch 1069.

[0150] When the internal threaded portion 1362 of plate 1246 aligns with the gap 1069, plate 1246 and collar assembly 1240 can move forward along the central axis A1 against the biasing force of spring 1096. As collar assembly 1240 moves forward, a gap is formed between the jaw engagement portion 1306 and the outer side 80 of each jaw 38. The user can then insert the shank 18 of tool head 14 into tool head hole 1062 of body 1034. As tool head 14 is inserted, the rear end of shank 18 engages jaw 38 to displace jaw 38 outwards, to a degree sufficient to accommodate the external dimensions of shank 18. Shank 18 can then be fully inserted into chuck assembly 1210.

[0151] Once inserted, the user can release the collar assembly 1240, which moves rearward under the influence of the spring 1096. As the collar assembly 1240 moves rearward, the jaw engagement portion 1306 abuts against the jaw 38, causing the jaw 38 to move radially inward within the tool head bore 1062 to a position corresponding to one of the first, second, or third nominal dimensions 22, 26, 30. The jaw 38 continues to move radially inward until the tool engagement side 82 contacts the tool head 14. Additionally, a protruding rib 86 engages a groove 20 in the tool head 14, which restricts the axial movement of the tool head 14 within the chuck assembly 1210.

[0152] Next, the collar assembly 1240 rotates about the central axis A1 in the fastening direction. The rotation of the collar assembly 1240 begins by rotating only the rotatable sleeve 1244 and the pin 1243 in the fastening direction until the pin 1243 contacts the other end of the pin groove formed in the collar 1242. Once the pin 1243 contacts the other end of the pin groove, the rotation of the rotatable sleeve 1244 also causes the collar 1242 to rotate. The rotation of the collar 1242 is transmitted to the plate 1246, causing the internal thread portion 1362 to slide from the gap 1069 into the axial space between the external thread portions 1067. Further rotation of the plate 1246 screws the internal thread portion 1362 onto the external thread portion 1067, and the plate 1246 and the collar 1242 move axially backward guided by the pitch of the external thread portion 1067. The additional rearward axial movement causes the jaw engagement portion 1106 of the collar 1242 to press further against the jaws 38 to retain the tool head 14. The tool head 14 is now inserted into and held in the tool head bore 1062 by the jaws 38, and rotation in the release direction is restricted due to the locking assembly 1041 being locked.

[0153] Figures 35-39 Another embodiment of the chuck assembly 1410 is shown, which is configured to quickly receive and secure tool heads with standard-sized shanks having three different predetermined nominal sizes (e.g., 1 / 4 inch, 3 / 8 inch, and 7 / 16 inch). In other embodiments, the chuck assembly 1410 may receive and secure tool heads with shanks having two standard sizes or four or more sizes. The chuck assembly 1410 is similar in some respects to the chuck assembly 1010, with similar components having similar reference numerals plus "1400". Therefore, the following description focuses primarily on the differences between the chuck assembly 1410 and the chuck assembly 1010. The illustrated chuck assembly 1410 includes a body 1034, a plurality of jaws 38, a collar 1442, a plate 1446, a rotation limiter 1048, a spring 1096, and a locking assembly 1441.

[0154] Figure 35 and 36 A collar 1442 is shown, which surrounds a body 1034 and includes a gripper engagement portion 1506 on its inner side. The collar 1442 is configured to rotate about a central axis A1 and is axially movable along the central axis A1.

[0155] Figure 36 , 37Figure 38 shows a plate 1446 positioned within a collar 1442 and surrounding a shaft portion 1058 of a body 1034. Plate 1446 includes a central hole 1554, a plurality of teeth 1557, and a plurality of protrusions 1558. The central hole 1554 is configured to receive the shaft portion 1058 of the body 1034 and includes a plurality of internal thread portions 1562. The plurality of internal thread portions 1562 are configured to engage a plurality of external thread portions 1067 of the body 1034 or are received within gaps 1069 between the external thread portions 1067. The teeth 1557 are formed on a rearward-facing surface of plate 1446 and extend in a direction parallel to the central axis A1. The plurality of protrusions 1558 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of plate 1446 and are received in a plurality of recesses 1550 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the collar 1442. When the plurality of protrusions 1558 are received in the plurality of recesses 1550, the plate 1446 and the collar 1442 are coupled and can move together axially and rotatably. In addition, the axial movement of the plate 1446 relative to the collar 1442 is further restricted by a retaining ring 1453 installed in a retaining ring groove formed in the collar 1442.

[0156] Figure 36 and 37 A locking assembly 1441 is shown, positioned within the collar 1442 and behind the plate 1446. The locking assembly 1441 is configured to increase the torque required to rotate the collar 1442 about a central axis A1. In one exemplary use case, the additional torque required to rotate the collar 1442 prevents the rotational inertia of the chuck assembly 1410 from unintentionally causing the collar 1442 to rotate relative to the body 1034. The locking assembly 1041 includes toothed teeth 1557 of the plate 1446, a locking plate 1470, and a locking spring 1581.

[0157] like Figure 36 , 37 As shown in Figure 39, the locking plate 1470 is located within the collar 1442 and behind the plate 1446 on the body 1034. The locking plate 1470 includes a plurality of locking teeth 1583 and a plurality of guide protrusions 1585. The plurality of locking teeth 1583 are formed on the forward-facing surface of the locking plate 1470 and are configured to engage a plurality of plate teeth 1557 of the plate 1446. The guide protrusions 1585 extend inwardly within a central positioning hole in the locking plate 1470 and are received in a plurality of channels 1073 formed on the body 1034. The guide protrusions 1585 are configured to restrict rotation of the locking plate 1470 relative to the body 1034 while allowing axial movement of the locking plate 1470.

[0158] like Figure 36 and Figure 37As shown, the locking spring 1581 is positioned within the collar and around the body 1034. Additionally, the locking spring 1581 is positioned between the locking plate 1470 and a spring retaining clip 1587 coupled to the collar 1442. In the illustrated embodiment, the locking spring 1581 is a wave spring; however, in other embodiments, the locking spring 1581 may be a helical spring, an elastomeric spring, or a Bass spring. The locking spring 1581 is configured to bias the locking plate 1470 toward the plate 1446 to ensure engagement between the locking teeth 1583 and the plate teeth 1557.

[0159] In use, the user selects tool head 14 to insert into tool head hole 1062 of tool chuck assembly 1410. The user applies torque to collar 1442 in the release direction and must overcome a torque threshold set by locking assembly 1441. If the torque is greater than the torque threshold, collar 1442 and plate 1446 rotate about central axis A1 in the release direction. When the user applies torque greater than the torque threshold to collar 1442, the teeth 1557 of plate 1446 begin to slip out of engagement with locking teeth 1583, which in turn causes locking plate 1470 to move rearward and compress locking spring 1581. As collar 1442 continues to rotate, teeth 1557 further slip out of engagement with locking teeth 1583 until teeth 1557 slide past the tip of locking teeth 1583. Now, locking spring 1581 biases locking plate 1470 forward, causing locking teeth 1583 to re-engage adjacent teeth 1557. The disengagement and re-engagement of the plate teeth 1557 and locking teeth 1583 occur repeatedly as the collar 1442 rotates. The collar 1442 and plate 1446 rotate until the internal thread portion 1562 of plate 1446 contacts the limiting arm 1049 of the rotation limiter 1048. When the internal thread portion 1562 contacts the limiting arm 1049, the internal thread portion 1562 of plate 1446 is aligned with the clearance 1069.

[0160] When the internal threaded portion 1562 of plate 1446 aligns with the gap 1069, plate 1446 and collar 1442 can move forward along the central axis A1 against the biasing force of spring 1096. As collar 1442 moves forward, a gap is formed between the jaw engagement portion 1306 and the outer side 80 of each jaw 38. The user can then insert the shank 18 of tool head 14 into tool head hole 1062 of body 1034. As tool head 14 is inserted, the rear end of shank 18 engages jaw 38 to displace jaw 38 outwards, to a degree sufficient to accommodate the external dimensions of shank 18. Shank 18 can then be fully inserted into chuck assembly 1410.

[0161] Once inserted, the user can release the collar 1442, which moves rearward under the influence of the spring 1096. As the collar 1442 moves rearward, the jaw engagement portion 1506 abuts against the jaw 38, causing the jaw 38 to move radially inward within the tool head bore 1062 to a position corresponding to one of the first, second, or third nominal dimensions 22, 26, 30. The jaw 38 continues to move radially inward until the tool engagement side 82 contacts the tool head 14. Additionally, a protruding rib 86 engages a groove 20 in the tool head 14, which restricts the axial movement of the tool head 14 within the chuck assembly 1410.

[0162] Next, the user applies torque to the collar 1442 in the tightening direction, and must overcome a torque threshold set by the locking assembly 1441. If the torque exceeds the torque threshold, the collar 1442 and plate 1446 rotate about the central axis A1 in the tightening direction. When the user applies a torque greater than the torque threshold to the collar 1442, the plate teeth 1557 begin to slip out of engagement with the locking teeth 1583, which in turn causes the locking plate 1470 to move rearward and compress the locking spring 1581. As described above, the rotation of the collar 1442 causes the plate teeth 1557 and the locking teeth 1583 to repeatedly disengage and re-engage. The rotation of plate 1446 in the tightening direction causes the internal thread portion 1562 to slide from the gap 1069 into the axial space between the external thread portions 1067. Further rotation of plate 1446 screws the internal thread portion 1562 onto the external thread portion 1067, and plate 1446 and collar 1442 move axially rearward guided by the pitch of the external thread portion 1067. This additional rearward axial movement causes the jaw engagement portion 1506 of collar 1442 to further press against the jaws 38 to retain the tool head 14. The tool head 14 is now inserted into and held in the tool head bore 1062 via the jaws 38.

[0163] Figure 40 Another embodiment of the chuck assembly 1610 is shown, which is configured to quickly receive and secure tool heads with standard-sized shanks having three different predetermined nominal sizes (e.g., 1 / 4 inch, 3 / 8 inch, and 7 / 16 inch). In other embodiments, the chuck assembly 1610 may receive and secure tool heads with two standard-sized shanks or four or more shanks. The chuck assembly 1610 is similar in some respects to the chuck assembly 1010, with similar components having similar reference numerals plus "1600". Therefore, the following description focuses primarily on the differences between the chuck assembly 1610 and the chuck assembly 1010. The illustrated chuck assembly 1610 includes a body 1034, a plurality of jaws 38, a collar 1642, a plate 1046, a rotation limiter 1048, a spring 1096, and a locking assembly 1641.

[0164] like Figure 40As shown, the collar 1642 surrounds the body 1034 and includes a gripper engagement portion 1706 on its inner side. The collar 1642 is rotatable about a central axis A1 and is axially movable along the central axis A1. In addition, the collar 1642 receives a portion of the locking assembly 1641.

[0165] See also Figure 40 Locking assembly 1641 is positioned within collar 1642 and behind plate 1046. Locking assembly 1641 is configured to increase the torque required to rotate collar 1642 about central axis A1. In an exemplary use case, the additional torque required to rotate collar 1642 prevents the rotational inertia of chuck assembly 1610 from unintentionally causing collar 1642 to rotate relative to body 1034. Locking assembly 1641 includes locking spring 1781 and spring retaining clip 1787. Locking spring 1781 applies an axial force on plate 1046 to press internal thread portion 1162 against external thread portion 1067 of body 1034. The axial force pressing internal thread portion 1162 against external thread portion 1067 increases static friction between plate 1046 and body 1034. Spring retaining clip 1787 is coupled to collar 1642 and axially retains locking spring 1781 within collar 1642. In some embodiments, the spring retainer 1787 may include a spring boss configured to retain the position of the locking spring 1781.

[0166] In use, the user selects tool head 14 to insert into tool head hole 1062 of tool chuck assembly 1610. The user applies torque to collar 1642 in the release direction and must overcome a torque threshold set by locking assembly 1641. The torque threshold is based on static friction between plate 1046 and body 1034 and depends on the spring force of locking spring 1781. When the user applies torque greater than the torque threshold to collar 1642, collar 1642 and plate 1046 rotate until the internal thread portion 1162 of plate 1046 contacts the limiting arm 1049 of rotation limiter 1048. When the internal thread portion 1162 contacts the limiting arm 1049, the internal thread portion 1162 of plate 1046 aligns with clearance 1069.

[0167] When the internal threaded portion 1162 of plate 1046 aligns with the gap 1069, plate 1046 and collar 1642 can move forward along the central axis A1 against the biasing force of spring 1096. As collar 1642 moves forward, a gap is formed between the jaw engagement portion 1706 and the outer side 80 of each jaw 38. The user can then insert the shank 18 of tool head 14 into tool head hole 1062 of body 1034. As tool head 14 is inserted, the rear end of shank 18 engages jaw 38 to displace jaw 38 outwards, to a degree sufficient to accommodate the external dimensions of shank 18. Shank 18 can then be fully inserted into chuck assembly 1610.

[0168] Once inserted, the user can release the collar 1642, which moves rearward under the influence of the spring 1096. As the collar 1642 moves rearward, the jaw engagement portion 1506 abuts against the jaw 38, causing the jaw 38 to move radially inward within the tool head bore 1062 to a position corresponding to one of the first, second, or third nominal dimensions 22, 26, 30. The jaw 38 continues to move radially inward until the tool engagement side 82 contacts the tool head 14. Additionally, a protruding rib 86 engages a groove 20 in the tool head 14, which restricts the axial movement of the tool head 14 within the chuck assembly 1210.

[0169] Next, collar 1642 and plate 1046 rotate in the fastening direction. This rotation of plate 1046 in the fastening direction causes the internal thread portion 1162 to slide from the gap 1069 into the axial space between the external thread portions 1067. Further rotation of plate 1046 screws the internal thread portion 1162 onto the external thread portion 1067, and plate 1046 and collar 1642 move axially rearward guided by the pitch of the external thread portion 1067. This additional rearward axial movement causes the jaw engagement portion 1706 of collar 1642 to further press against the jaws 38 to retain the tool head 14. The tool head 14 is now inserted into and held in the tool head bore 1062 via the jaws 38.

[0170] The various features and aspects of this utility model are described in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A chuck assembly for a rotary power tool, characterized by The chuck assembly comprises: a body rotatable about a central axis, the body comprising a plurality of openings and a first set of threads; a plurality of jaws received within the plurality of openings in the body; a collar surrounding the body, the collar comprising a stepped portion configured to engage the plurality of jaws to limit radial movement of the plurality of jaws; a second set of threads coupled to rotate with the collar and to engage the first set of threads on the body, which causes rotation of the collar relative to the body to result in axial movement of the collar along the body; and a spring biasing the collar such that the stepped portion is biased into engagement with the plurality of jaws.

2. The chuck assembly of claim 1, wherein further comprising a plate coupled to rotate with the collar, the plate comprising a central aperture, wherein the body extends through the central aperture.

3. The chuck assembly of claim 2, wherein the second set of threads are formed in the plate around a perimeter of the central aperture.

4. The chuck assembly of claim 3, wherein the spring has a first end engaging the body and a second end engaging the plate.

5. Chuck assembly according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spring is a conical coil spring.

6. The chuck assembly of any one of claims 2-4, wherein, the plate has a non-uniform thickness.

7. The chuck assembly of claim 6 wherein, the thickness of the plate is greater proximate the central aperture than proximate an outer perimeter of the plate.

8. The chuck assembly of claim 3 or 4, wherein, each thread of the second set of threads comprises a recess configured to receive an end of a corresponding thread of the first set of threads.

9. The chuck assembly of claim 8, wherein, axial movement of the collar is limited when the end of the corresponding thread is received in the recess.

10. The chuck assembly of any one of claims 1-4, wherein, each jaw of the plurality of jaws comprises a stepped outer surface engageable with the stepped portion of the collar.

11. A chuck assembly for a rotary power tool, characterized by The chuck assembly comprises: a body rotatable about a central axis, the body comprising a plurality of openings and an externally threaded portion; a plurality of jaws received within the plurality of openings in the body; a collar surrounding the body, the collar comprising a stepped portion configured to engage the plurality of jaws; a plate coupled to rotate with the collar, the plate having an internally threaded portion configured to engage the externally threaded portion of the body such that, when engaged, rotation of the collar and the plate relative to the body results in axial movement of the collar and the plate along the body; and a locking assembly configured to selectively prevent rotation of the collar and the plate relative to the body.

12. The chuck assembly of claim 11, wherein, further comprising a sleeve surrounding the collar, the sleeve being rotatable relative to the collar a first distance, and when the sleeve is rotated a distance greater than the first distance, the sleeve is rotatable with the collar.

13. The chuck assembly of claim 12, wherein, further comprising a rotation limiter coupled to the body, the rotation limiter comprising an arm extending along the externally threaded portion and engageable with the internally threaded portion of the plate to limit rotation of the plate.

14. The chuck assembly of any one of claims 11-13, wherein, further comprising a spring biasing the collar, which causes the stepped portion to be biased into engagement with the plurality of jaws, and wherein the spring is a conical spring.

15. The chuck assembly of any one of claims 12-13, wherein, the locking assembly comprises: a ratchet plate having a plurality of ratchet teeth formed on an outer surface of the ratchet plate; a pawl ring positioned within the collar, the pawl ring including a plurality of pawl arms configured to engage the plurality of ratchet teeth of the ratchet plate; and a plurality of lift arms coupled to the sleeve, the plurality of lift arms configured to disengage the pawl arms from the plurality of ratchet teeth in response to rotation of the sleeve, wherein the locking assembly includes a locked state in which the pawl arms engage the plurality of ratchet teeth and allow the collar to rotate relative to the body in a first direction about the central axis and prevent the collar from rotating in a second direction opposite the first direction about the central axis; wherein the locking assembly includes an unlocked state in which the locking arms move the pawl arms out of engagement with the plurality of ratchet teeth and allow the collar to rotate relative to the body about the central axis in the first direction and the second direction.

16. The chuck assembly of any one of claims 11-13, wherein, the locking assembly includes: a plurality of first teeth formed on the plate; a locking plate coupled to the body for co-rotation, the locking plate axially movable along the body, the locking plate including a plurality of second teeth configured to selectively engage the plurality of first teeth; and a locking spring biasing the locking plate along the central axis to contact the plate.

17. The chuck assembly of claim 16, wherein rotation of the collar with a torque greater than a torque threshold causes the locking plate to move axially away from the plate against the bias of the locking spring, allowing the plurality of first teeth to slide over the plurality of second teeth.

18. A chuck assembly for a rotary power tool, characterized by the chuck assembly includes: a body rotatable about a central axis, the body including a plurality of openings and a plurality of sizing groove sets formed on the body, each sizing groove set including a plurality of helical grooves; a plurality of jaws received within the plurality of openings in the body; a collar surrounding the body, the collar configured to rotate about the central axis and move axially along the central axis relative to the body, the collar configured to engage the plurality of jaws; and a plurality of protrusions coupled to the collar and configured to move with the collar relative to the body, wherein the plurality of protrusions are configured to engage the plurality of sizing groove sets.

19. The chuck assembly of claim 18, wherein, each of the plurality of sizing groove sets includes an axial groove extending through the plurality of helical grooves.

20. The chuck assembly of claim 19, wherein, each of the plurality of protrusions is configured to slide along the axial groove of a respective one of the plurality of sizing groove sets as the collar moves axially along the central axis.

Images