Tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device, which comprises a data acquisition unit and a clamping and fixing unit, and is characterized in that the data acquisition unit is electrically connected with a tunnel model unit, an axial loading unit and a vertical loading unit respectively; the tunnel model unit is fixedly arranged in the clamping and fixing unit; the axial loading units are connected in front and back of the tunnel model unit; the clamping and fixing unit is respectively connected with the axial loading unit and the vertical loading unit; the top of the tunnel model unit is connected with the vertical loading unit; the tunnel model unit comprises a tunnel lining; the clamping and fixing unit comprises a test bench, and a tunnel lining is arranged on the top of the test bench. According to the utility model, the crack derivation evolution process of the tunnel lining under the conditions of longitudinal shearing and transverse tension and compression at the same time is simulated, the test cost is reduced, the human resource cost is saved, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to civil engineering technical field, concretely is a tunnel lining oblique crack disease simulation test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tunnel lining crack is one of the most common diseases of tunnel, and is also the early performance of tunnel structure aging and damage. Through the research on the incubation, derivation, expansion, evolution mechanism and law of crack and its influence on the stability of tunnel structure, the tunnel lining crack damage mechanism and lining service performance degradation law can be understood, the potential safety hazard can be found in time, and effective maintenance and reinforcement measures can be taken, so that the service life of tunnel is prolonged, and traffic safety is ensured.

[0003] At present, the research on tunnel lining crack mainly concentrates on longitudinal crack and hoop crack, and the research means mainly depends on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, and some scholars also carry out overload test through scale model to simulate the tunnel lining crack damage process, but the research object is mainly longitudinal crack and hoop crack. The method for researching tunnel lining longitudinal crack and hoop crack through model test is relatively simple, the loading model and loading device used are relatively mature, and the loading test scheme and implementation process are simple and clear. But the research on tunnel oblique crack is less, especially the research on the derivation-expansion-evolution whole process of tunnel lining oblique crack through model test is less, which is mainly because the realization of tunnel lining oblique crack loading simulation is difficult, and there is lack of professional and specific instrument and device to realize, so that the model test research on tunnel lining oblique crack is nearly blank. CONTENT OF UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The utility model aims at providing a kind of tunnel lining oblique crack disease simulation test device, can exert vertical linear non-distributed pressure to tunnel lining, and exert pulling force or pressure to tunnel on the both sides of tunnel model unit, to realize the simulation of various working conditions combinations such as tunnel lining tension shear or compression shear, and then directly reproduce the derivation-expansion-evolution whole process of tunnel lining oblique crack and the influence relation of tunnel load mode on its crack damage process.

[0005] To realize the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] The tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device comprises a data acquisition unit and a clamping and fixing unit, and the data acquisition unit is further electrically connected with a tunnel model unit, an axial loading unit and a vertical loading unit respectively; the tunnel model unit is fixedly arranged in the clamping and fixing unit; the tunnel model unit is connected with the axial loading unit at the front and rear; the clamping and fixing unit is connected with the axial loading unit and the vertical loading unit respectively; the tunnel model unit is connected with the vertical loading unit at the top; the tunnel model unit comprises a tunnel lining; the clamping and fixing unit comprises a test table, and the test table is provided with the tunnel lining at the top; the axial loading unit comprises a universal testing machine, a testing machine base, a clamp base and a clamp interface; the testing machine base is fixedly connected to the two sides of the test table, and the universal testing machine, the clamp base and the clamp interface are sequentially connected between the testing machine base and the tunnel lining.

[0007] In the tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device, stress and strain sensors and a miniature high-definition camera are arranged in the tunnel lining; the data acquisition unit comprises a control console, a data collector and control lines, the output end of the data collector is connected to the control console, the output end of the control console and the input end of the data collector are both connected to the control lines respectively, and the control lines are electrically connected to the stress and strain sensors, the miniature high-definition camera, the universal testing machine, the clamp base and the testing machine base.

[0008] In the tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device, the clamping and fixing unit further comprises fixing supports and I-shaped steel; the fixing supports are symmetrically arranged in pairs and fixedly connected through the top of the I-shaped steel, and the fixing supports are fixedly connected to the test table at the bottom; the tunnel lining is fixedly connected between the test table and the fixing supports.

[0009] In the tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device, the vertical loading unit comprises a loading auxiliary device and a jack; the loading auxiliary device is arranged to cover the tunnel lining, and the jacks are fixedly and evenly distributed between the top of the loading auxiliary device and the I-shaped steel; and the jacks are electrically connected to the control lines.

[0010] In the tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device, the loading auxiliary device comprises an outer shell and an internal filler, the outer shell is made of steel, and the internal filler is made of rubber.

[0011] The tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device has the following beneficial effects:

[0012] Firstly, the tunnel lining inclined crack disease simulation test device can simulate the crack evolution process of the tunnel lining under the conditions of longitudinal shear and transverse tension and compression, and can provide crack cracking form identification for the construction of the tunnel.

[0013] Second, compared with the three-dimensional stress loading model, this experimental device has lower technical requirements for the equipment, reducing experimental costs. Furthermore, the assembly materials are inexpensive and readily available, and the assembly method is simple and easy, saving human resources costs and improving work efficiency. The processing of experimental data results is more intuitive and meets the needs of most engineering projects. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel lining crack of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical pressure triangle distribution of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the tensile force applied to both sides of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure applied to both sides of this utility model.

[0021] Wherein, 1—tunnel lining; 101—circumferential crack; 102—longitudinal crack; 103—diagonal crack; 2—outer shell; 3—internal filling; 4—test bench; 5—fixed bracket; 6—I-beam; 7—control console; 8—data acquisition unit; 9—control line; 10—universal testing machine; 11—clamp base; 12—clamp interface; 13—loading auxiliary device; 14—jack; 15—testing machine base. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0023] refer to Figures 1 to 7The utility model relates to a kind of tunnel lining oblique crack disease simulation test devices, including tunnel model unit, clamping fixed unit, axial loading unit, vertical loading unit and data acquisition unit.Tunnel model unit includes tunnel lining 1;The tunnel lining 1 is fixed above test table, and test table is slightly wider than tunnel;Stress sensor and strain sensor are embedded in the inner surface of tunnel lining 1, and lighting and miniature high-definition camera are installed inside tunnel lining 1.Data acquisition unit includes data collector 8 and control line 9, and monitoring data is conducted into data collector 8 by control line 9;It can realize the uneven loading shear of three-dimensional tunnel lining 1 and tensile-shear and compression-shear simulation test, and further realize the whole process simulation of tunnel lining circumferential crack 101, longitudinal crack 102 and oblique crack 103 derivation-expansion-evolution based on whole life cycle.

[0024] As Figures 2 to 4 Shown, clamping fixed unit includes test table 4, fixed support 5 and I-steel 6;Test table 4 is composed of two identical specifications concrete blocks, and fixed support 5 is composed of four identical specifications steel pipes;Fixed support 5 is embedded in test table 4, I-steel 6 is selected as counter-force beam and is placed on fixed support 5, and is welded at contact position;I-steel 6 is supported on fixed support 5 by welding, and clamping fixed unit is an integral structure after welding.Test table 4 is composed of two identical specifications concrete blocks, and each test table is placed with 2 fixed supports 5.

[0025] Axial loading unit includes universal testing machine 10, testing machine base 15, clamp base 11 and clamp interface 12;The testing machine base 15 is fixed on both sides of test table 4, and universal testing machine 10 is connected with the mouth of tunnel lining on both sides of tunnel model unit by clamp interface 12, can change the size of tension or pressure applied to tunnel model unit;Clamp interface 12 makes the axial stress of tunnel model unit uniform;The testing machine base 15 is connected with control console 7 by control line 9, to facilitate timely control of axial load;The clamp base 11 and universal testing machine 10 are connected with data collector 8 by control line 9, to facilitate data acquisition and recording.

[0026] Vertical loading unit includes loading assistant 13 and jack 14;Loading assistant 13 is close to tunnel lining 1, and jack 14 is fixed and evenly distributed on each segment of loading assistant 13;The loading assistant 13 is composed of rigid shell 2 and internal filler 3, and the properties of internal filler can be changed according to the actual conditions of tunnel to simulate the surrounding rock environment of tunnel;The jack 14 is electrically connected with control console 7 by control line 9, to facilitate timely and efficient adjustment of the size of vertical triangular distribution stress of tunnel top loading.The distance between jacks is 15-20 cm, the length of each section of loading assistant 13 is 20-25 cm, there are 7 sections in total, and the distance between each section and the jack above tunnel is 25-30 cm.

[0027] The data acquisition unit comprises a console 7, a data collector 8 and a control line 9; the data collector 8 collects and records data transmitted by the control line 9 and connected with a tunnel lining stress-strain sensor, a universal testing machine 10 and a clamp base 11.

[0028] The control line 9 connects the universal testing machine base 15, the jack 14 and the console 7, so that the size of the triangularly distributed vertical pressure and the size of the axial tension and compression can be changed during the test. The loading mode can be controlled in time. The control line 9 connects the sensor of the tunnel lining to transmit the stress and strain of the tunnel lining to the data collector 8 and store the data; the control line 9 connects the universal testing machine 10, the jack 14 and the console 7, so that the loading mode can be changed in time during the test.

[0029] The utility model discloses a console 7 regulates and control jack 14 and universal testing machine 10 give tunnel lining 1 to apply different combination, different form's load, provide data and observe lining surface crack cracking opportunity, crack extension, through burying in tunnel lining 1 in stress sensor, crack propagation and model component damage condition, get along axial nonuniform vertical load and lining both sides tension / compression force combination loading mode under tunnel lining oblique crack derivative - extension - evolution - the whole process of destruction and its destruction mode, form and the interrelation between load.

[0030] The utility model discloses a console 7 regulates and control jack 14 and universal testing machine 10 give tunnel lining 1 to apply different combination, different form's load, provide data and observe lining surface crack cracking opportunity, crack extension, through burying in tunnel lining 1 in stress sensor, crack propagation and model component damage condition, get along axial nonuniform vertical load and lining both sides tension / compression force combination loading mode under tunnel lining oblique crack derivative - extension - evolution - the whole process of destruction and its destruction mode, form and the interrelation between load.

[0031] Two fixed supports are placed on each test concrete block, and are embedded at the contact position; the I-beams 6 are placed equidistantly on the fixed supports 5, and are welded at the contact position; the clamping and fixing unit after welding is an integral whole, and constitutes the most stable frame of the tunnel model unit loading test device. The axial loading unit in the tunnel model unit loading test device includes the universal testing machine 10 and the clamp base 11, and can effectively simulate the lateral soil pressure or the earthquake action of the tunnel. The universal testing machine 10 is placed at two places of the concrete test bench 4 respectively, the universal testing machine base 15 is fixed on the test bench 4, the universal testing machine 10 is connected with the clamp base 11, and the clamp base 11 can ensure stability in the process that the axial load is transmitted to the two side openings of the tunnel lining 1 of the tunnel model unit, and control the size of the pulling force or the pressure applied by the universal testing machine 10 to the tunnel model unit.

[0032] The control lines 9 connect the universal testing machine base 15 and the universal testing machine 10 with the control console 7 and the data collector 8 respectively, so as to facilitate convenient and effective control of the axial load and accurate collection and recording of the data at the corresponding moment.

[0033] The clamp base 11 is selected from a square steel plate, so as to ensure stability in the process of applying the load, and is connected with the data collector 8 through the control line 9, so as to accurately collect and record the data; the clamp interface 12 is connected with the lining protruding 5 cm from the opening of the tunnel model unit, so as to ensure that the axial load is uniformly applied to the tunnel model unit. The vertical loading unit in the tunnel model unit loading test device includes the loading auxiliary device 13 and the jack 14, and can effectively simulate the soil pressure above the tunnel. The loading auxiliary device 13 is a two-layer structure, including the loading auxiliary device rigid shell 2 and the loading auxiliary device internal filler 3, the loading auxiliary device rigid shell 2 is selected from steel, so as to ensure that it has certain mechanical strength in the process of applying the vertical load, and the loading auxiliary device internal filler 3 can be filled with rubber, which is convenient for construction and has certain flexibility, so as to ensure that the vertical load is uniformly applied to the tunnel lining. The jacks 14 are uniformly distributed on the rigid shells of each section of the loading auxiliary device, so as to ensure that the axial load distribution spacing is uniform, and are connected with the control console through the control lines, so as to facilitate control of the axial load applied to the top of the tunnel, and form the vertical triangular distribution pressure as shown in FIG. 6. Figure 5

[0034] In the above vertical loading unit, the loading auxiliary device is composed of 7 sections of the same specification, each section has a width of 20-25 cm, and 7 jacks of the same specification are uniformly placed on each section of the loading auxiliary device, and the spacing is 15-20 cm.

[0035] ​The data acquisition unit of the tunnel model unit loading test device can ensure accurate and timely control of the load and record data during operation. The data collector 8 collects and records the stress and strain data of the sensors of the tunnel lining connected and transmitted by the control line 9 at all times. The control line 9 connects the universal testing machine base 15, the jack 14 and the control console 7, so that the loading mode can be controlled in time during the test. The data acquisition unit provides accurate and detailed data for subsequent data processing and analysis.

[0036] The above merely describes a preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, according to the technical scheme and the inventive concept of the present application, can make equivalent replacement or change within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A test device for simulating diagonal cracks in tunnel lining, characterized in that, The system includes a data acquisition unit and a clamping and fixing unit. The data acquisition unit is electrically connected to a tunnel model unit, an axial loading unit, and a vertical loading unit. The tunnel model unit is fixedly installed inside the clamping and fixing unit. The tunnel model unit is connected to the axial loading unit at both the front and rear. The clamping and fixing unit is connected to the axial loading unit and the vertical loading unit respectively. The top of the tunnel model unit is connected to the vertical loading unit. The tunnel model unit includes a tunnel lining (1). The clamping and fixing unit includes a test bench (4), and the tunnel lining (1) is installed on the top of the test bench (4). The axial loading unit includes a universal testing machine (10), a testing machine base (15), a clamp base (11), and a clamp interface (12). The testing machine base (15) is fixedly connected to both sides of the test bench (4). The universal testing machine (10), the clamp base (11), and the clamp interface (12) are connected sequentially between the testing machine base (15) and the opening of the tunnel lining (1).

2. The tunnel lining inclined crack simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Stress and strain sensors and miniature high-definition cameras are installed inside the tunnel lining (1); the data acquisition unit includes a control console (7), a data acquisition device (8) and control lines (9). The output end of the data acquisition device (8) is connected to the control console (7). The output end of the control console (7) and the input end of the data acquisition device (8) are respectively connected to the control lines (9). The control lines (9) are electrically connected to the stress and strain sensors, the miniature high-definition cameras, the universal testing machine (10), the fixture base (11) and the testing machine base (15).

3. The tunnel lining inclined crack simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping and fixing unit also includes a fixing bracket (5) and an I-beam (6); the fixing brackets (5) are symmetrically arranged in pairs and fixedly connected to the top by the I-beam (6), and the bottom of the fixing brackets (5) is fixedly connected to the test bench (4); the tunnel lining (1) is fixedly connected between the test bench (4) and the fixing brackets (5).

4. The tunnel lining inclined crack simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical loading unit includes a loading auxiliary device (13) and jacks (14); the loading auxiliary device (13) is set to cover the tunnel lining (1), and jacks (14) are fixed and evenly distributed between the top of the loading auxiliary device (13) and the I-beam (6); the jacks (14) are also electrically connected to the control line (9).

5. The tunnel lining inclined crack simulation test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The loading aid (13) includes a shell (2) and an internal filler (3), the shell (2) being made of steel and the internal filler (3) being made of rubber.

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