Reformer

Abstract

The utility model provides a reformer which comprises a first shell and a reactor, the interior of the first shell is hollow to form a first fluid cavity, and the first fluid cavity is provided with a first inlet allowing high-temperature fluid A to flow in and a first outlet allowing the high-temperature fluid A to flow out; the reactor is arranged in the first fluid cavity and comprises a second shell provided with a second fluid cavity, a catalyst is arranged in the second fluid cavity, and the second fluid cavity is provided with a second inlet allowing the low-temperature fluid B to flow in and a second outlet allowing the low-temperature fluid B to flow out; the first fluid cavity is hermetically isolated from the second fluid cavity; a gap exists between the outer wall of the reactor and the inner wall of the shell to form a first heat exchange flow channel allowing high-temperature fluid A to flow through, and the first heat exchange flow channel communicates with the first fluid cavity. According to the reformer provided by the invention, the catalyst is arranged in the second fluid cavity, so that the condition that the coating type catalyst falls off from the coating surface can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of reformer technology. Background Technology

[0002] A reformer is a reactor that produces a hydrogen-rich gas mixture from raw materials; it can be simply understood as a heat exchanger coated with a catalyst. A reformer is a device that reacts the introduced fuel under the action of a high-temperature catalyst, cracking high-carbon fuel into low-carbon fuel, or catalytically reacting low-carbon fuel with other gases to produce gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide. In a plate heat exchanger structure, the catalyst is coated onto the plates, and each heat exchange plate is welded to the reformer shell. If the catalyst is coated onto the plates before welding, welding defects are likely to occur. If the catalyst is coated after the heat exchange plates are welded using methods such as grouting, catalyst detachment is likely to occur during use.

[0003] Therefore, providing a reformer that can prevent catalyst detachment and welding defects caused by catalyst coating is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, this application provides a reformer that can solve the technical problems of easy catalyst detachment and the impact of coated catalyst on welding in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A reformer comprising:

[0007] The first housing has a hollow interior forming a first fluid cavity, which is provided with a first inlet for high-temperature fluid A to flow in and a first outlet for high-temperature fluid A to flow out.

[0008] A reactor is disposed within the first fluid chamber. The reactor includes a second shell with a second fluid chamber. A catalyst is disposed within the second fluid chamber. The second fluid chamber is provided with a second inlet for the inflow of cryogenic fluid B and a second outlet for the outflow of cryogenic fluid B.

[0009] The first fluid cavity and the second fluid cavity are sealed and isolated.

[0010] There is a gap between the outer wall of the reactor and the inner wall of the first shell to form a first heat exchange channel through which the high-temperature fluid A flows, and the first heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-described reformer, the second housing includes:

[0012] First barrel-shaped component;

[0013] The second barrel-shaped component is sleeved inside the first barrel-shaped component, and there is a gap between the first barrel-shaped component and the second barrel-shaped component to cooperate in forming an annular second fluid cavity;

[0014] The central hole of the second barrel-shaped component forms a second heat exchange channel through which the high-temperature fluid A flows, and the second heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity.

[0015] Optionally, in the reformer described above, the first housing includes an annular housing, and the annular housing, the first barrel-shaped member, and the second barrel-shaped member are coaxial.

[0016] Optionally, in the above-described reformer, the reactor comprises:

[0017] A first conduit passes through the first housing and communicates with the second inlet;

[0018] The second pipeline passes through the first housing and connects to the second outlet.

[0019] Optionally, in the above-mentioned reformer, the first pipeline includes an inlet pipeline and a first branch pipe, one end of the first branch pipe is connected to the inlet pipeline, and the other end is connected to the second fluid chamber through a first connector;

[0020] And / or, the second pipeline includes an outlet pipeline and a second branch pipe, one end of the second branch pipe is connected to the outlet pipeline, and the other end is connected to the second fluid cavity through a second connector.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned reformer, the first connector is disposed at the first end of the second housing along its axial direction, the second connector is disposed at the second end of the second housing along its axial direction, and the portion of the first connector located between the first barrel-shaped member and the second barrel-shaped member is provided with a first through hole communicating with the first diverter pipe.

[0022] Wherein, the first connecting member is an annular plate-shaped component, the outer circumferential wall of the first connecting member is connected to the first barrel-shaped component, and the inner circumferential wall of the first connecting member is connected to the second barrel-shaped component;

[0023] Alternatively, the first connector is an annular plate-shaped component, with its outer circumferential wall connected to the inner wall of the first housing and its inner circumferential wall connected to the second barrel-shaped component; and the portion of the first connector located between the first barrel-shaped component and the first housing is provided with a second through hole for the passage of the high-temperature fluid A.

[0024] Alternatively, the first connector is a plate-shaped member, the outer circumferential wall of the first connector is connected to the inner wall of the first housing, the portion of the first connector located between the first barrel-shaped member and the first housing is provided with a second through hole for the passage of the high-temperature fluid A; and the portion of the first connector covering the second barrel-shaped member is provided with a third through hole for the passage of the high-temperature fluid A.

[0025] And / or, the structure of the first connector is the same as the structure of the second connector.

[0026] Optionally, in the reformer described above, the catalyst includes a particulate support and a catalyst body coated on the particulate support;

[0027] Two annular particle baffles are arranged at axial intervals inside the second fluid cavity. The outer circumferential wall of the particle baffle is connected to the inner wall of the first barrel-shaped component, and the inner circumferential wall of the particle baffle is connected to the outer wall of the second barrel-shaped component.

[0028] The catalyst is disposed within the second fluid cavity between the two particle baffles;

[0029] The particle baffle is provided with a fourth through hole for the passage of cryogenic fluid B, and the size of the fourth through hole is smaller than the size of the particle carrier.

[0030] Optionally, in the reformer described above, a first gap exists between the particle baffle near the second inlet and the second inlet along the axial direction of the second fluid chamber;

[0031] And / or, along the axial direction of the second fluid cavity, there is a second gap between the particle baffle near the second outlet and the second outlet.

[0032] Optionally, in the above-mentioned reformer, an annular flow divider is provided in the first gap, the outer circumferential wall of the annular flow divider is connected to the inner wall of the first barrel-shaped member, and the inner circumferential wall of the annular flow divider is connected to the outer wall of the second barrel-shaped member.

[0033] The annular flow divider plate is provided with a fifth through hole for the passage of the cryogenic fluid B.

[0034] Optionally, the reformer described above includes a filling tube and a sealing element. The first end of the filling tube is connected to the second housing and communicates with the second fluid cavity. The second end of the filling tube passes through the first housing and connects to the outside. The second end of the filling tube is detachably connected to the sealing element.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the reformer provided in this application are as follows: The first shell of the reformer is hollow, forming a first fluid cavity. The first fluid cavity is provided with a first inlet for the inflow of high-temperature fluid A and a first outlet for the outflow of high-temperature fluid A, so as to achieve heat exchange with the low-temperature fluid B in the second fluid cavity of the second shell located in the first fluid cavity. Since the second fluid cavity is provided with a catalyst, the situation of the coated catalyst falling off the coating surface can be avoided. In addition, the first fluid cavity and the second fluid cavity are sealed and isolated. There is a gap between the outer wall of the reactor and the inner wall of the shell to form a first heat exchange channel for the high-temperature fluid A to flow through. The first heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity. It can be seen that the heat carried by the high-temperature fluid A is efficiently transferred through the outer wall of the reactor to the low-temperature fluid B in the second fluid cavity, thereby realizing the heat exchange process. The second fluid cavity and the first fluid cavity are not welded together, so the situation of welding defects caused by the coated catalyst can be avoided. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the reformer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 2 An axial cross-sectional view of the reformer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of fluid A provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of fluid B provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first connector / second connector provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first / second pipeline provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular baffle provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the particle baffle provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0045] in:

[0046] 1. First housing; 11. First fluid cavity; 12. First inlet; 13. First outlet;

[0047] 2. Reactor; 21. First barrel-shaped component; 22. Second barrel-shaped component; 23. Catalyst; 24. Second fluid chamber;

[0048] 3. First pipeline; 31. Inlet pipeline; 32. First branch pipeline;

[0049] 4. Second pipeline; 41. Outlet pipeline; 42. Second branch pipeline;

[0050] 5. First connecting member; 51. First through hole; 52. Second through hole;

[0051] 6. Second connector; 7. Particle baffle; 71. Fourth through hole;

[0052] 8. Filler tube; 81. Sealing component; 9. Annular flow divider plate; 91. Fifth through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0053] This application provides a reformer.

[0054] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0055] like Figures 1-8 As shown, this application provides a reformer that can solve the technical problems of easy detachment of catalyst 23 and the impact of coating catalyst 23 on welding.

[0056] First, the reformer includes a first shell 1 and a reactor 2. The first shell 1 is hollow, forming a first fluid cavity 11. The first fluid cavity 11 is provided with a first inlet 12 for the inflow of high-temperature fluid A and a first outlet 13 for the outflow of high-temperature fluid A. The first inlet 12 can precisely guide the high-temperature fluid A into the first fluid cavity 11, ensuring that the high-temperature fluid A enters the first fluid cavity 11 at a suitable flow rate, flow rate, and flow direction to achieve heat exchange. The first outlet 13 is responsible for leading the high-temperature fluid A out of the first fluid cavity 11 after heat exchange, so that it can enter the next process flow or be recycled. The reactor 2 is located inside the first fluid cavity 11. Its core function is to provide a specific environment for the chemical reaction. The reactor 2 includes a second shell with a second fluid cavity 24. The second fluid cavity 24 is provided with a catalyst 23 and a second inlet for the inflow of low-temperature fluid B and a second outlet for the outflow of low-temperature fluid B. The catalyst 23 can reduce the activation energy of the chemical reaction, accelerate the reaction rate, and enable the low-temperature fluid B to undergo the expected reaction under relatively mild conditions to generate the desired product. The first fluid chamber 11 and the second fluid chamber 24 are sealed and isolated, preventing the high-temperature fluid A and the low-temperature fluid B from mixing and avoiding unnecessary chemical reactions or physical interference between the different fluids. Simultaneously, it ensures that the two fluids can flow, exchange heat, and react in their respective independent spaces according to predetermined processes, guaranteeing the stable operation of the entire device and the achievement of various process objectives. Furthermore, the sealing and isolation also helps maintain the stability of pressure, temperature, and other parameters within each fluid chamber, improving the safety and reliability of the reformer. A gap exists between the outer wall of reactor 2 and the inner wall of the first shell, forming a first heat exchange channel for the high-temperature fluid A to flow through. This first heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid chamber 11. During reformer operation, when the high-temperature fluid A flows in the first fluid chamber 11, some of the high-temperature fluid enters the first heat exchange channel and flows around the outer wall of reactor 2. During this process, the heat carried by the high-temperature fluid A is efficiently transferred through the outer wall of reactor 2 to the low-temperature fluid in the second fluid chamber 24, thus achieving the heat exchange process. This heat exchange mechanism not only helps to lower the temperature of high-temperature fluid A, creating favorable conditions for its subsequent treatment or recycling, but also effectively preheats low-temperature fluid B, increasing its initial temperature when it enters reactor 2 for reaction, thereby significantly accelerating the reaction rate and comprehensively improving the efficiency of the entire reaction process. It should be noted that catalyst 23 is not coated on the inner wall of the second shell, but rather fills the second fluid cavity 24 in other forms. The flow direction of high-temperature fluid A is detailed in [link to documentation]. Figure 3 The arrow direction in the image; see details for the flow direction of cryogenic fluid B. Figure 4 The direction of the arrow in the image.

[0057] As can be seen, the first shell 1 of the reformer provided in this application embodiment has a hollow interior forming a first fluid cavity 11. The first fluid cavity 11 is provided with a first inlet 12 for the inflow of high-temperature fluid A and a first outlet 13 for the outflow of high-temperature fluid A, so as to achieve heat exchange with the low-temperature fluid B in the second fluid cavity 24 of the second shell located in the first fluid cavity 11. Since the second fluid cavity 24 is provided with a catalyst 23, the situation of the coated catalyst 23 falling off the coating surface can be avoided. In addition, the first fluid cavity 11 and the second fluid cavity 24 are sealed and isolated. There is a gap between the outer wall of the reactor 2 and the inner wall of the shell to form a first heat exchange channel for the high-temperature fluid A to flow through. The first heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity 11. It can be seen that the heat carried by the high-temperature fluid A is efficiently transferred through the outer wall of the reactor 2 to the low-temperature fluid B in the second fluid cavity 24, thereby realizing the heat exchange process. The second fluid cavity 24 and the first fluid cavity 11 are not welded together, so the situation of welding defects caused by the coated catalyst 23 can be avoided.

[0058] In specific implementation, the second shell includes a first barrel-shaped component 21 and a second barrel-shaped component 22. The second barrel-shaped component 22 is fitted inside the first barrel-shaped component 21, and there is a gap between the first barrel-shaped component 21 and the second barrel-shaped component 22 to form an annular second fluid cavity 24. The central hole of the second barrel-shaped component 22 forms a second heat exchange channel for the high-temperature fluid A to flow through. The second heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity 11, so that a portion of the high-temperature fluid A can enter the second heat exchange channel during its flow in the first fluid cavity 11. When the high-temperature fluid A flows in the second heat exchange channel, it can further exchange heat with the low-temperature fluid B in the second fluid cavity 24, and transfer heat through the wall of the second barrel-shaped component 22, further improving the heat exchange efficiency, optimizing the heat transfer performance of the entire device, and promoting the heating of the low-temperature fluid B and the subsequent chemical reaction. During the flow of high-temperature fluid A in the first fluid cavity 11, part of it can enter the second heat exchange channel and part of it can enter the first heat exchange channel. That is, high-temperature fluid A is split, which realizes heat transfer to low-temperature fluid B and catalyst 23 from the inner ring (i.e., the second barrel-shaped component 22) and the outer ring (i.e., the first barrel-shaped component 21) of the first shell 1, respectively, resulting in more uniform heat transfer.

[0059] In specific implementation, the first shell 1 includes an annular shell, and the annular shell, the first barrel-shaped component 21, and the second barrel-shaped component 22 are coaxial. Ensuring the coaxiality of the structure is crucial for the stable flow of the two fluids in the reformer and the efficient heat exchange process. On the one hand, it helps the high-temperature fluid A to flow uniformly and smoothly within the first fluid cavity 11, the first heat exchange channel, the second heat exchange channel, and the low-temperature fluid B in the second fluid cavity 24, reducing problems such as fluid deviation and abnormal local flow velocity that may occur due to misalignment of the axes. On the other hand, good coaxiality optimizes the heat exchange process, ensuring uniform heat transfer between different components and fluids, improving heat exchange efficiency, and enhancing the performance and stability of the entire device. Furthermore, the reformer's co-current design for high-temperature fluid A and low-temperature fluid B ensures that the temperature of high-temperature fluid A is consistently higher than that of low-temperature fluid B, preventing carbon buildup on the low-temperature fluid B side (carbon buildup is an exothermic reaction; when the temperature of low-temperature fluid B is higher than that of high-temperature fluid A, it promotes carbon buildup), thus extending service life.

[0060] In specific implementation, reactor 2 includes a first pipeline 3 and a second pipeline 4: the first pipeline 3 passes through the first shell 1 and is connected to the second inlet to ensure that the cryogenic fluid B can flow smoothly and accurately into the second fluid chamber 24; the second pipeline 4 passes through the first shell 1 and is connected to the second outlet to draw out the cryogenic fluid B and its products after the reaction in reactor 2.

[0061] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 The first pipeline 3 includes an inlet pipeline 31 and a first branch pipe 32. One end of the first branch pipe 32 is connected to the inlet pipeline 31, and the other end is connected to the second fluid cavity 24 through the first connector 5; and / or, the second pipeline 4 includes an outlet pipeline 41 and a second branch pipe 42. One end of the second branch pipe 42 is connected to the outlet pipeline 41, and the other end is connected to the second fluid cavity 24 through the second connector 6.

[0062] When cryogenic fluid B enters reactor 2, it is first transported through inlet pipe 31, and then diverted through first diversion pipe 32 to precisely guide it into the second fluid chamber 24. Inlet pipe 31 is typically selected based on the reformer's flow requirements and the characteristics of cryogenic fluid B to ensure stable and efficient fluid transport. The diameter, length, and connection method of the first diversion pipe 32 are designed to achieve uniform diversion and good fit with the second fluid chamber 24. First connector 5 acts as a seal and connection in this process, ensuring no leakage of cryogenic fluid B during transport and guaranteeing the reformer's sealing and stability. The structure of the first pipe 3 in this reformer ensures uniform distribution of high-temperature fluid A and cryogenic fluid B within the reformer, ensuring uniform heat exchange between the hot and cold fluids, uniform reforming reaction, and uniform gas composition in the second pipe 4.

[0063] After the cryogenic fluid B completes its reaction in the second fluid chamber 24, the reaction products and residual fluid are collected through the second diverter pipe 42 and then flow into the outlet pipe 41. The outlet pipe 41 is responsible for transporting these fluids to subsequent processing stages. The second diverter pipe 42 ensures that the fluid flowing out of the second fluid chamber 24 enters the outlet pipe 41 uniformly and smoothly. The second connector 6 ensures the sealing and stability of the connection, preventing leakage of the reacted fluid and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the reformer.

[0064] The two pipeline structures mentioned above can exist independently, that is, only the diversion structure of the first pipeline 3 or only the diversion structure of the second pipeline 4 can be used; or they can exist simultaneously to provide stable and efficient support for the transport and reaction process of fluids in the reformer.

[0065] In specific implementation, the first connecting member 5 is disposed at the first end of the second housing along its axial direction, and the second connecting member 6 is disposed at the second end of the second housing along its axial direction. The portion of the first connecting member 5 located between the first barrel-shaped member 21 and the second barrel-shaped member 22 is provided with a first through hole 51 communicating with the first diversion pipe 32. The first through hole 51 can accurately guide the cryogenic fluid B to flow along a predetermined path, achieving reasonable fluid distribution and ensuring the fluid transmission efficiency and stability of the reformer. It should be noted that the diameter and number of the first through holes 51 correspond to the diameter and number of the first diversion pipes 32. The specific number and diameter can be designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs. Preferably, multiple first diversion pipes 32 are arranged in parallel, and the multiple first diversion pipes 32 are evenly arranged circumferentially along the first connecting member 5. See details. Figure 6 The first shunt pipe 32 has four parallel connections.

[0066] The first connector 5 is an annular plate-shaped component. The outer circumferential wall of the first connector 5 is connected to the first barrel-shaped component 21, and the inner circumferential wall of the first connector 5 is connected to the second barrel-shaped component 22. The circular hole formed on the inner wall of the annular plate-shaped component is used to connect the second heat exchange channel with the first fluid cavity 11 so that the high-temperature fluid A can smoothly enter the second heat exchange channel and realize the heat exchange between the two fluids on the second barrel-shaped component 22.

[0067] Or, see details Figure 5The first connecting member 5 is an annular plate-shaped component. Its outer circumferential wall connects to the inner wall of the first shell 1, facilitating the fixation of the reactor 2 to the first shell 1 and enhancing the overall integrity and stability of the reformer. Its inner circumferential wall connects to the second barrel-shaped component 22. Furthermore, the portion of the first connecting member 5 located between the first barrel-shaped component 21 and the first shell 1 is provided with a second through-hole 52 for the passage of high-temperature fluid A, allowing the high-temperature fluid to flow from the first fluid cavity 11 into the first heat exchange channel, thus achieving heat exchange between the two fluids on the first barrel-shaped component 21. It should be noted that the number and diameter of the second through-holes 52 can be specifically designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0068] Alternatively, the first connecting member 5 can be a plate-shaped component. The outer circumferential wall of the first connecting member 5 is connected to the inner wall of the first shell 1, which is beneficial for fixing the reactor 2 to the first shell 1 and helps to enhance the integrity and stability of the reformer. The portion of the first connecting member 5 located between the first barrel-shaped component 21 and the first shell 1 is provided with a second through hole 52 for the passage of high-temperature fluid A, so that the high-temperature fluid flows from the first fluid cavity 11 into the first heat exchange channel, realizing heat exchange between the two fluids on the first barrel-shaped component 21. The portion of the first connecting member 5 covering the second barrel-shaped component 22 is provided with a third through hole for the passage of high-temperature fluid A, so as to connect the second heat exchange channel with the first fluid cavity 11, so that the high-temperature fluid A can smoothly enter the second heat exchange channel, realizing heat exchange between the two fluids on the second barrel-shaped component 22. It should be noted that the number and diameter of the second through hole 52 and the third through hole can be specifically designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0069] And / or, the structure of the first connector 5 is the same as the structure of the second connector 6. From the perspective of the reformer's versatility and simplified maintenance, having the same structure for the first connector 5 and the second connector 6 offers many advantages. When their structures are identical, costs and difficulties can be reduced in parts procurement, inventory management, and maintenance / replacement. In actual manufacturing, using connectors with the same structure can reduce the number of molds needed and improve production efficiency; during equipment maintenance, maintenance personnel do not need to prepare multiple maintenance tools and technical solutions for connectors with different structures, greatly shortening maintenance time and improving equipment availability. The different configurations of the first connector 5 and the second connector 6, as well as the possibility of their identical structures, provide ample options for the design and optimization of various complex engineering reformers. It should be noted that the structure of the second connector 6 only needs to satisfy the requirement that the first heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity 11, the second heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity 11, and the second fluid cavity 24 is connected to the second pipeline 4. The specific structural form can be designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0070] In specific implementation, catalyst 23 includes a particulate support and a catalyst body coated on the particulate support, enabling the particulate support to provide a stable support structure for the catalyst body, ensuring that catalyst 23 maintains good activity and stability during the reaction process. Two annular particulate baffles 7 are spaced apart along the axial direction within the second fluid cavity 24. The outer circumferential wall of the particulate baffle 7 is connected to the inner wall of the first barrel-shaped component 21, and the inner circumferential wall of the particulate baffle 7 is connected to the outer wall of the second barrel-shaped component 22, allowing the particulate baffles 7 to be stably positioned within the second fluid cavity 24, effectively separating and defining the second fluid cavity 24. Catalyst 23 is placed within the second fluid cavity 24 between the two particulate baffles 7, which is the core site for the reaction between cryogenic fluid B and catalyst 23. To ensure that cryogenic fluid B can pass smoothly and fully contact catalyst 23, a fourth through hole 71 is specifically provided on the particulate baffle 7 for the passage of cryogenic fluid B. Moreover, to prevent the particulate support from being lost with the flow of cryogenic fluid B, the size of the fourth through hole 71 is smaller than the size of the particulate support. The cryogenic fluid B can fully contact the catalyst 23 through the fourth through-hole 71 in the area between the two particulate baffles 7 to carry out a chemical reaction, while the particulate support is confined within this area, ensuring the stable presence and continuous function of the catalyst 23. The catalyst 23 particles will not be carried out by the fluid flow, ensuring the continuous and stable progress of the reaction. The particulate baffles 7 can both position the filled catalyst 23 area to prevent particles from escaping the filling area and redistribute the cryogenic fluid B. It should be noted that the material, shape, and size of the particulate support have a significant impact on the performance of the catalyst 23. Particulate supports made of different materials may have different specific surface areas, porosities, etc., which directly affect the contact area between the catalyst and the reactants and the reaction efficiency. The material, shape, and size of the particulate support, as well as the specific number and size of the fourth through-hole 71, can be specifically designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0071] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2Along the axial direction of the second fluid cavity 24, a first gap exists between the particle baffle 7 near the second inlet and the second inlet. From a fluid dynamics perspective, this gap provides a buffer zone for the cryogenic fluid B entering the second fluid cavity 24. When the cryogenic fluid B rushes in rapidly from the second inlet, the first gap slows down the impact velocity of the fluid, allowing it to enter the area between the two particle baffles 7 more smoothly and make full contact with the catalyst 23. At the same time, the first gap also provides a temporary deposition space for any impurities or particulate matter that may be present, preventing these impurities from directly impacting the catalyst 23 area and damaging the catalyst 23, thereby extending the service life of the catalyst 23. And / or, along the axial direction of the second fluid cavity, a second gap exists between the particle baffle 7 near the second outlet and the second outlet. During the process of the cryogenic fluid B flowing out of the second fluid cavity 24 containing the catalyst 23 after the reaction, the second gap can play a certain rectifying role. It can further tidy up the fluid after it has passed through the reaction area of ​​the catalyst 23, allowing the fluid to flow out of the second outlet in a more uniform state. Furthermore, the second gap also helps prevent potential blockage between the particle baffle 7 and the second outlet, ensuring that the fluid can be smoothly discharged from the reformer and maintaining its stable operation. The design of the first and second gaps optimizes and safeguards the performance and stability of the reformer at multiple stages, from fluid inlet and reaction to fluid outflow.

[0072] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 7An annular flow divider 9 is installed within the first gap to optimize the flow characteristics of the cryogenic fluid B within the reactor 2. The outer circumferential wall of the annular flow divider 9 is connected to the inner wall of the first barrel-shaped component 21, and the inner circumferential wall of the annular flow divider 9 is connected to the outer wall of the second barrel-shaped component 22, ensuring that the annular flow divider 9 remains stably positioned within the first gap and providing a solid structural foundation for its function. The annular flow divider 9 is equipped with a fifth through-hole 91 for the passage of the cryogenic fluid B. When the cryogenic fluid B enters the reactor 2 from the second inlet and reaches the first gap, the fifth through-hole 91 on the annular flow divider 9 can divert and guide the fluid. On one hand, by rationally designing the size, number, and distribution of the fifth through-hole 91, the cryogenic fluid B can enter the area between the two particle baffles 7 more uniformly, ensuring sufficient contact with the catalyst 23. This helps to increase the contact area and reaction efficiency between the cryogenic fluid B and the catalyst 23, thereby improving the overall reaction process. On the other hand, the fifth through-hole 91 can also fine-tune the flow rate and direction of the cryogenic fluid B. Based on the specific requirements and reaction characteristics of the reformer, the flow path and velocity of the fluid can be controlled by adjusting the parameters of the fifth through-hole 91, avoiding situations where the fluid velocity is too fast or too slow in local areas, thereby optimizing the reaction conditions. Simultaneously, this also helps reduce pressure fluctuations that may be caused by uneven fluid flow, ensuring the stability of the reformer's operation. It should be noted that the diameter of the fifth through-hole 91 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the fourth through-hole 71 and less than or equal to the diameter of the first through-hole 51, but is not limited to this. The specific number and size of the fifth through-hole 91 can be specifically designed by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

[0073] For specific implementation details, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 2 The reformer includes a filling tube 8 and a sealing element 81. The first end of the filling tube 8 is connected to the second housing and communicates with the second fluid cavity 24, ensuring that the catalyst 23 can smoothly enter the second fluid cavity 24, providing the necessary material basis for the subsequent reforming process. The second end of the filling tube 8 passes through the first housing 1 and connects to the outside, and the second end of the filling tube 8 is detachably connected to the sealing element 81, facilitating the replacement of the catalyst 23 and ensuring the sealing of the replaced filling tube 8, thus guaranteeing the normal operation of the reformer. The catalyst body is coated on a particulate carrier, which fills the second fluid cavity 24. After the reformer is manufactured, only the particulate carrier coated with the catalyst body needs to be filled into the second fluid cavity 24, thus not affecting the welding quality of the reformer and ensuring high reliability. After the catalyst 23 of the reformer fails, it can be reused by refilling with a new particulate carrier coated with the catalyst body, thus saving on reformer manufacturing costs.

[0074] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0075] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the terms “and / or,” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

[0076] It should also be noted that in the apparatus, equipment, and methods of this application, the components or steps can be disassembled and / or recombined. These disassemblies and / or recombinations should be considered as equivalent solutions of this application.

[0077] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0078] It should be understood that the qualifiers “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” “fifth,” and “sixth” used in the description of the embodiments of this application are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0079] The above description has been given for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the forms disclosed herein. Although numerous exemplary aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A reformer, characterized in that, include: The first shell (1) has a hollow interior forming a first fluid cavity (11). The first fluid cavity (11) is provided with a first inlet (12) for high-temperature fluid A to flow in and a first outlet (13) for high-temperature fluid A to flow out. The reactor (2) is disposed in the first fluid chamber (11). The reactor (2) includes a second shell with a second fluid chamber (24). The second fluid chamber (24) is provided with a catalyst (23). The second fluid chamber (24) is provided with a second inlet for the inflow of low-temperature fluid B and a second outlet for the outflow of the low-temperature fluid B. The first fluid cavity (11) and the second fluid cavity (24) are sealed and isolated. There is a gap between the outer wall of the reactor (2) and the inner wall of the first shell (1) to form a first heat exchange channel through which the high-temperature fluid A flows. The first heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity (11).

2. The reformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second housing includes: First barrel-shaped component (21); The second barrel-shaped component (22) is sleeved on the inner side of the first barrel-shaped component (21), and there is a gap between the first barrel-shaped component (21) and the second barrel-shaped component (22) to cooperate in forming an annular second fluid cavity (24); The central hole of the second barrel-shaped member (22) forms a second heat exchange channel through which the high-temperature fluid A flows, and the second heat exchange channel is connected to the first fluid cavity (11).

3. The reformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first housing (1) includes an annular housing, and the annular housing, the first barrel-shaped member (21), and the second barrel-shaped member (22) are coaxial.

4. The reformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reactor (2) includes: The first pipe (3) passes through the first housing (1) and communicates with the second inlet; The second pipe (4) passes through the first housing (1) and is connected to the second outlet.

5. The reformer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first pipeline (3) includes an inlet pipeline (31) and a first branch pipe (32). One end of the first branch pipe (32) is connected to the inlet pipeline (31), and the other end is connected to the second fluid cavity (24) through a first connector (5). And / or, the second pipeline (4) includes an outlet pipeline (41) and a second branch pipe (42), one end of the second branch pipe (42) is connected to the outlet pipeline (41), and the other end is connected to the second fluid cavity (24) through a second connector (6).

6. The reformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first connector (5) is disposed at the first end of the second housing along its axial direction, and the second connector (6) is disposed at the second end of the second housing along its axial direction. The portion of the first connector (5) located between the first barrel-shaped member (21) and the second barrel-shaped member (22) is provided with a first through hole (51) communicating with the first diversion pipe (32). Wherein, the first connecting member (5) is an annular plate-shaped component, the outer circumferential wall of the first connecting member (5) is connected to the first barrel-shaped component (21), and the inner circumferential wall of the first connecting member (5) is connected to the second barrel-shaped component (22). Alternatively, the first connector (5) is an annular plate-shaped component, the outer circumferential wall of the first connector (5) is connected to the inner wall of the first housing (1), and the inner circumferential wall of the first connector (5) is connected to the second barrel-shaped component (22); and the portion of the first connector (5) located between the first barrel-shaped component (21) and the first housing (1) is provided with a second through hole (52) for the passage of the high-temperature fluid A. Alternatively, the first connector (5) is a plate-shaped member, the outer circumferential wall of the first connector (5) is connected to the inner wall of the first housing (1), the portion of the first connector (5) located between the first barrel-shaped member (21) and the first housing (1) is provided with a second through hole (52) for the passage of the high-temperature fluid A; and the portion of the first connector (5) covering the second barrel-shaped member (22) is provided with a third through hole for the passage of the high-temperature fluid A; And / or, the structure of the first connector (5) is the same as the structure of the second connector (6).

7. The reformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The catalyst (23) includes a particulate support and a catalyst body coated on the particulate support; Two annular particle baffles (7) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction inside the second fluid cavity (24). The outer circumferential wall of the particle baffle (7) is connected to the inner wall of the first barrel-shaped component (21), and the inner circumferential wall of the particle baffle (7) is connected to the outer wall of the second barrel-shaped component (22). The catalyst (23) is disposed in the second fluid cavity (24) between the two particle baffles (7); The particle baffle (7) is provided with a fourth through hole (71) for the passage of cryogenic fluid B, and the size of the fourth through hole (71) is smaller than the size of the particle carrier.

8. The reformer according to claim 7, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the second fluid cavity (24), there is a first gap between the particle baffle (7) near the second inlet and the second inlet; And / or, along the axial direction of the second fluid cavity (24), there is a second gap between the particle baffle (7) near the second outlet and the second outlet.

9. The reformer according to claim 8, characterized in that, An annular flow divider (9) is provided in the first gap. The outer circumferential wall of the annular flow divider (9) is connected to the inner wall of the first barrel-shaped component (21), and the inner circumferential wall of the annular flow divider (9) is connected to the outer wall of the second barrel-shaped component (22). The annular flow divider (9) is provided with a fifth through hole (91) for the passage of the cryogenic fluid B.

10. The reformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes a filling tube (8) and a sealing element (81). The first end of the filling tube (8) is connected to the second housing and communicates with the second fluid cavity (24). The second end of the filling tube (8) passes through the first housing (1) and connects to the outside. The second end of the filling tube (8) is detachably connected to the sealing element (81).

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