Rim, wheel and bicycle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rim, a wheel and a bicycle, the outer surface of the rim side wall of the rim is provided with a plurality of diversion parts distributed along the circumferential direction of the rim side wall, each diversion part is in a streamline shape which is gradually shrunk from the middle part to two ends, and the diversion parts circumferentially extend from an inner ring spoke mounting part to an outer ring tire mounting part; the flow guide portion comprises a plurality of flow guide edges and flow guide grooves which are alternately distributed in the radial direction of the side wall of the rim, one ends of the flow guide edges and the flow guide grooves converge at the end, close to the inner-ring spoke installation portion, of the flow guide portion, and the other ends of the flow guide edges and the flow guide grooves converge at the end, close to the outer-ring tire installation portion, of the flow guide portion. The rim adopts a bionics design and is derived from a streamline posture of eagle diving, the flow guide part is designed on the outer surface of the side wall of the rim, an airflow path is optimized, differential pressure resistance and frictional resistance are reduced, airflow can flow by being tightly attached to the surface of the rim, turbulent flow separation is reduced, and therefore air resistance is remarkably reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to a bicycle technical field, especially a rim, wheel and bicycle. BACKGROUND

[0002] When the bicycle is ridden at high speed, air resistance is the main source of resistance, and reducing air resistance can improve the efficiency and speed of riding. The shape and surface treatment of the wheel have an important influence on air flow, such as using smooth spokes and rims to reduce resistance. The rim generally includes an outer tire mounting portion for mounting a tire, an inner spoke mounting portion for mounting a spoke, and two rim side walls oppositely arranged between the outer tire mounting portion and the inner spoke mounting portion. The inner spoke mounting portion and the rim side wall of the existing rim are mostly flat and smooth, which can easily generate turbulence at the rear end of the tire, and the wind resistance is large, which cannot achieve good wind breaking effect. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a kind of rims, wheels and bicycles for reducing wind resistance.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A rim, comprising: an outer tire mounting portion for mounting a tire, an inner spoke mounting portion for mounting a spoke, and two rim side walls oppositely arranged between the outer tire mounting portion and the inner spoke mounting portion, the outer surface of the rim side wall has a plurality of flow guide portions distributed along its circumferential direction, the flow guide portion is tapered to both ends from the middle, the flow guide portion extends circumferentially from the inner spoke mounting portion to the outer tire mounting portion, the flow guide portion includes a plurality of flow guide ribs and flow guide grooves alternately arranged radially along the rim side wall, one end of the flow guide rib and the flow guide groove converges to one end of the flow guide portion close to the inner spoke mounting portion, the other end of the flow guide rib and the flow guide groove converges to one end of the flow guide portion close to the outer tire mounting portion.

[0006] Preferably, the direction of the flow guide portion extending circumferentially from the inner spoke mounting portion to the outer tire mounting portion is opposite to the rotation direction of the rim when riding.

[0007] Preferably, the flow guide rib and the flow guide groove are both tapered to both ends from the middle, and the flow guide rib and the flow guide groove are smoothly transitioned between them, so that the cross section of the flow guide portion in the radial direction of the rim side wall is wavy.

[0008] Preferably, the groove depth and groove width of the flow guide groove gradually decrease from the middle to both ends, and the height and width of the protruding flow guide rib gradually decrease from the middle to both ends.

[0009] Preferably, the groove depth of the flow guide groove is 0.05-0.35mm.

[0010] Preferably, the end of the flow guide rib is a pointed end.

[0011] Preferably, two adjacent flow guide portions are arranged in a staggered manner, and the central angle of the two adjacent flow guide portions overlapping on the sidewall of the rim accounts for 1 / 3 of the central angle of the flow guide portion on the sidewall of the rim. .

[0012] Preferably, the flow guide portion comprises a head portion, a middle portion and a tail portion connected in sequence, the head portion is located on the side of the sidewall of the rim close to the spoke mounting portion of the inner ring, the head portion is in an arc shape curved from the spoke mounting portion of the inner ring to the tire mounting portion of the outer ring, and the center of curvature of the head portion is towards the tire mounting portion of the outer ring, the tail portion is located on the side of the sidewall of the rim close to the tire mounting portion of the outer ring, the tail portion is in an arc shape curved from the tire mounting portion of the outer ring to the spoke mounting portion of the inner ring, and the center of curvature of the tail portion is towards the spoke mounting portion of the inner ring, and the flow guide rib and the flow guide groove are both in a flow pattern extending from the head portion to the tail portion of the flow guide portion.

[0013] Preferably, a wave crest is formed on the spoke mounting portion of the inner ring at a position corresponding to the middle portion of the flow guide portion, and a wave trough is formed on the spoke mounting portion of the inner ring at a position corresponding to the end of the flow guide portion close to the spoke mounting portion of the inner ring, and the wave crest is used to connect the spoke.

[0014] A wheel comprises a hub, a plurality of spokes and the rim of the present application, the hub is arranged in the middle of the rim, one end of the spoke is connected with the spoke mounting portion of the inner ring of the rim, and the other end is connected with the hub.

[0015] A bicycle comprises the wheel of the present application.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the rim of the present application has the following beneficial effects: the rim of the present application is designed based on bionics, and is derived from the streamline shape of a hunting hawk in a diving state, the flow guide portion is designed on the outer surface of the sidewall of the rim, the shape of the head portion, the middle body and the tail portion of the hunting hawk is simulated, the air flow path is optimized, the pressure difference resistance and the friction resistance are reduced, the air flow can flow close to the surface of the rim, the turbulent flow separation is reduced, and thus the air resistance is significantly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rim of Example 1.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the rim of Example 2. Figure 1 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the position A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the side view of the rim (left side). Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the side view of the rim (left side).

[0020] Figure 4Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a wheel according to the present application. Figure 3 Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel of Fig. 1.

[0021] Figure 5 Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a wheel according to the present application. Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel of Fig. 3.

[0022] Figure 6 Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a wheel according to the present application. Figure 3 Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel of Fig. 5.

[0023] Figure 7 Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of the wheel of Fig. 1.

[0024] Figure 8 Fig. 8 is a side view of a wheel according to the present application.

[0025] Figure 9 Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of the wheel of Fig. 8.

[0026] Figure 10 Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a wheel according to the present application.

[0027] Wherein: 1, wheel rim; 11, outer rim tire mounting portion; 12, inner rim spoke mounting portion; 121, wave crest; 122, wave trough; 13, wheel rim sidewall; 131, flow guide portion; 1311, flow guide rib; 1312, flow guide groove; 1313, head portion; 1314, middle portion; 1315, tail portion; 2, hub; 3, spoke. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] In conjunction with Figures 1-7The left side referred to in the description of the drawings is the left side of the rider when the rider is riding, and the direction of rotation of the wheel rim in the drawing is leftward rotation. The wheel rim of the embodiment comprises an outer rim tire mounting portion 11 for mounting a tire, an inner rim spoke mounting portion 12 for mounting spokes 3, and two wheel rim side walls 13 arranged oppositely between the outer rim tire mounting portion 11 and the inner rim spoke mounting portion 12, and the outer rim tire mounting portion 11, the inner rim spoke mounting portion 12 and the two wheel rim side walls 13 enclose an annular cavity. The outer surface of the wheel rim side wall 13 has a plurality of flow guide portions 131 distributed in the circumferential direction thereof, and the flow guide portions 131 are streamlined tapering from the middle portion to the two ends, and the flow guide portions 131 of the two wheel rim side walls 13 are mirror-symmetric. Each flow guide portion 131 extends in the circumferential direction from the inner rim spoke mounting portion 12 to the outer rim tire mounting portion 11. The flow guide portion 131 comprises a plurality of flow guide ridges 1311 and flow guide grooves 1312 alternately arranged in the radial direction of the wheel rim side wall 13, and one end of the flow guide ridges 1311 and the flow guide grooves 1312 converges at the end of the flow guide portion 131 close to the inner rim spoke mounting portion 12, and the other end of the flow guide ridges 1311 and the flow guide grooves 1312 converges at the end of the flow guide portion 131 close to the outer rim tire mounting portion 11.

[0031] The wheel rim of the utility model adopts bionics design, which is derived from the streamlined posture of a hunting hawk when diving, and the flow guide portions 131 are designed on the outer surface of the wheel rim side wall 131 to simulate the shape of the head, middle body and tail wing of a hunting hawk, so that the air flow path can be optimized, the pressure difference resistance and friction resistance can be reduced, the air flow can flow closely along the surface of the wheel rim, the turbulent flow separation can be reduced, and the air resistance can be significantly reduced.

[0032] In combination with Figure 3 and Figure 6 , the flow guide portions 131 extend in the circumferential direction from the inner rim spoke mounting portion 12 to the outer rim tire mounting portion 11, and the circumferential extension refers to extending along the circumferential direction of the wheel rim side wall 13, i.e. along the clockwise direction of the wheel rim in the drawing, and the direction of the circumferential extension of the flow guide portions 131 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the wheel rim when the rider is riding, i.e. the counterclockwise direction W in the drawing.

[0033] In combination with Figure 3 , the flow guide portions 131 of the embodiment are sequentially and staggeredly arranged in the circumferential direction of the wheel rim side wall 13, and the central angle b at which the two adjacent flow guide portions 131 overlap on the wheel rim side wall 13 accounts for , preferably , of the central angle a of the flow guide portion 131 on the wheel rim side wall 13.

[0034] In combination with Figures 2-5The flow guide ridge 1311 and the flow guide groove 1312 of the embodiment are streamlined tapering from the middle part to the two ends, and the end of the flow guide ridge 1311 is preferably a pointed end to reduce the shunt resistance. The flow guide ridge 1311 and the flow guide groove 1312 are smoothly transitioned, so that the cross section of the flow guide part 131 in the radial direction of the rim side wall 13 is wavy, and the flow guide parts 131 are also smoothly transitioned, so that the rim side wall 13 is more smooth and smooth, to further reduce the air resistance.

[0035] Due to the special shape design of the flow guide part 131, the inner ring spoke mounting part 12 of the embodiment is formed with a wave crest 121 at a position corresponding to the middle part of the flow guide part 131, and a wave trough 122 is formed at one end of the flow guide part 131 close to the inner ring spoke mounting part 12, the wave crest 121 and the wave trough 122 are smoothly transitioned, and the wave crest 121 is used to connect the spoke 3. The wave crest 121 and the wave trough 122 of the inner ring spoke mounting part 12 can also play a certain effect of reducing wind resistance.

[0036] In combination Figure 6 The solid thick line in the figure represents a complete flow guide part 131, and the dashed line is used to simply show the head part 1313, the middle part 1314 and the tail part 1315 of the flow guide part 131. The flow guide part 131 of the embodiment includes the head part 1313, the middle part 1314 and the tail part 1315, the head part 1313 is located on one side of the rim side wall 13 close to the inner ring spoke mounting part 12, the tail part 1315 is located on one side of the rim side wall 13 close to the outer ring tire mounting part 11, and the two are spaced apart by a certain distance in the circumferential direction of the rim side wall 13, the head part 1313 is in the shape of an arc bending from the inner ring spoke mounting part 12 to the outer ring tire mounting part 11, and the curvature center D1 thereof is directed to the outer ring tire mounting part 11, the tail part 1315 is in the shape of an arc bending from the outer ring tire mounting part 11 to the inner ring spoke mounting part 12, and the curvature center D2 thereof is directed to the inner ring spoke mounting part 12, and the middle part 1314 is connected between the head part 1313 and the tail part 1315 and is in the shape of a streamline, such as S-shaped. The flow guide ridge 1311 and the flow guide groove 1312 are both in the shape of a streamline extending from the head part 1313 to the tail part 1315, such as S-shaped or wavy, to reduce the air resistance.

[0037] The bionic falcon design of the rim of the utility model cuts the airflow through the head part 1313 of the flow guide part 131, guides the laminar flow through the middle part 1314, and dissipates the turbulent flow through the tail part 1315, so as to finally realize minimization of resistance and maximization of stability, and perfect adaptation to high-speed riding scenes.

[0038] The aerodynamic principle of the bionic falcon design of the rim of the embodiment will be described in detail as follows:

[0039] 1. Aerodynamic principle of bionic falcon design

[0040] The morphology of the falcon is optimized by natural evolution, which can realize high-speed dive and precise motive. The key aerodynamic characteristics of the falcon are applied to the design of the rim. The head 1313 of the flow guide part 131 imitates the sharp streamline structure of the beak of the falcon, and the windward airflow is divided into multiple laminar flows by the flow guide rib 1311, so that the turbulent flow is avoided due to the direct impact of the airflow on the surface of the rim. The flow guide rib 1311 can also generate a micro vortex (similar to a vortex generator) when the rim rotates, accelerate the airflow adhering to the surface, delay the airflow separation, and reduce the pressure difference resistance. The middle part 1314 of the flow guide part 131 imitates the groove structure between the feathers of the falcon, forms a 'controllable turbulent boundary layer', the airflow in the flow guide groove 1312 is accelerated (Bernoulli effect), the flow guide rib 1311 guides the direction of the airflow, and through the matrix arrangement, local high-pressure and low-pressure areas are formed, the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the rim is balanced, and the transverse disturbance is reduced. The tail part 1315 of the flow guide part 131 imitates the microstructure of the tail of the falcon, and the airflow in the wake area is disturbed by the surface microtexture, so that the large-scale vortex is decomposed into small vortexes, the wake turbulent kinetic energy is reduced (the induced resistance is reduced), and the backflow caused by the backflow effect is suppressed.

[0041] 2. Analysis of the riding speed improved by the bionic falcon design

[0042] ① Resistance optimization

[0043] The flow guide rib 1311 and the flow guide groove 1312 cooperate to maintain laminar flow in more than 90% of the area of the rim surface, which can reduce 20%-30% of the turbulent resistance compared with the traditional rim (similar to the principle of golf ball dimples). The microtexture of the tail part 1315 of the flow guide part 131 further reduces the wake resistance, and the overall wind resistance coefficient (Cd) can be reduced by about 15%.

[0044] ② Energy loss minimization

[0045] When the rim rotates, the air can be orderly guided by the flow guide rib 1311 and the flow guide groove 1312 matrix, thereby reducing the interference vibration with the spokes and the frame, converting the kinetic energy loss into propulsion efficiency, and the actual measurement can improve the cruising speed by 5%-8%.

[0046] 3. Crosswind stability and cornering smoothness analysis

[0047] ① Crosswind flow separation

[0048] Figure 6 And Figure 7 The flow direction of the airflow in the flow guide groove 1312 is shown, and W in the figure is the rotation direction of the rim when riding.

[0049] The flow guide rib 1311 cuts the transverse airflow into a longitudinal component under the condition of crosswind, and through the guiding action of the flow guide rib 1311 and the flow guide groove 1312 matrix, the lateral force is uniformly distributed, so that the control imbalance caused by the local pressure mutation is avoided.

[0050] When the side wind hits at an angle of 5°-10°, the guide rib 1311 guides the airflow close to the surface of the rim, forming a stable laminar boundary layer, reducing the airflow separation area, and avoiding the generation of low-pressure vortex. Wind tunnel tests show that at a cruising speed of 40 km / h, the lateral force generated by a 10° side wind angle is reduced by 18% compared to a traditional wheel set, and the power loss is reduced by about 7-10 watts, significantly improving the efficiency of straight-line cruising.

[0051] When the impact angle of the side wind exceeds 10°, the middle part 1314 of the guide part 131 actively triggers controllable micro-vortexes, destroying large-scale turbulent structures and converting lateral force into longitudinal traction assistance. Tests show that under strong side wind (wind speed 8 m / s) and 25° yaw angle conditions, the lateral swing amplitude of the wheel set is reduced by 35%, the drag coefficient (Cd) is reduced by 12%, and the power loss is still controlled within 15 watts, ensuring precise control during high-speed cornering.

[0052] ②Vortex Symmetry Control

[0053] The micro-texture of the tail part 1315 of the guide part 131 induces symmetrical vortex pairs on both sides of the airflow during cornering (similar to airplane wing tip vortex cancellation), offsetting the lateral swing caused by centrifugal force and enhancing the dynamic adhesion of the rim to the ground.

[0054] ③Rotational Inertia Optimization

[0055] Aerodynamic design reduces the turbulent mass of the rim edge, reduces angular momentum fluctuations during high-speed rotation, and improves cornering response sensitivity.

[0056] 4. Airflow Guide Analysis

[0057] ①Inverse pressure gradient suppression of guide part 131

[0058] When the rim rotates at high speed, the trailing edge is prone to air flow reversal due to the inverse pressure gradient. The guide part 131 forms a one-way airflow channel through the pressure difference between the head part 1313 high-pressure area and the tail part 1315 low-pressure area, suppressing the occurrence of backflow.

[0059] ②Turbulence dissipation of guide part 131 tail part 1315 micro-texture

[0060] The tail part 1315 micro-texture enhances the viscous dissipation of the airflow through surface roughness, converts the backflow energy into heat energy, and weakens its backflow strength. The actual measurement shows that the backflow speed is reduced by more than 40%.

[0061] 5. Windward airflow stability analysis

[0062] ①Enhanced laminar adhesion

[0063] The guide vane 1311 divides the windward airflow into multiple steady laminar flows, and the airflow is accelerated to adhere to the surface by the "Venturi effect" of the middle part 1314 of the guide part 131, thereby reducing the pressure fluctuation caused by airflow separation.

[0064] ②Dynamic pressure balance

[0065] When the rim rotates, the guide groove 1312 matrix dynamically adjusts the local airflow pressure, balances the pressure difference area between the windward surface and the leeward surface, avoids periodic vibration (similar to wing flutter suppression), and improves the riding comfort.

[0066] Embodiment two

[0067] In combination Figure 8 And Figure 9 , this embodiment is similar to the structure of embodiment one, and the difference between the two is that the number of guide vanes 1311 and guide grooves 1312 is different.

[0068] Referring to Figure 2 , embodiment one has one guide vane 1311 and two guide grooves 1312, referring to Figure 9 , this embodiment has five guide vanes 1311 and six guide grooves 1312, and the wind resistance reduction effect of this embodiment is better than that of embodiment one. It can be understood that the number of guide vanes 1311 and guide grooves 1312 can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the number is preferably 2-6.

[0069] Embodiment three

[0070] Referring to Figure 10 , this embodiment provides a wheel, which comprises a rim 1, a hub 2 and a plurality of spokes 3, the hub 2 is arranged in the middle of the rim 1, one end of the spoke 3 is connected with the inner circle spoke mounting part 12 of the rim 1, and the other end is connected with the hub 2. The rim 1 of this embodiment is the rim of embodiment one or embodiment two.

[0071] This embodiment also provides a bicycle using the wheel of this embodiment.

[0072] The parts of the wheel and the bicycle not involved are the same as or can be realized by the prior art.

[0073] Although the utility model is specifically shown and introduced in combination with the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to the utility model in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model defined in the appended claims, and all of them are within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A wheel rim comprising: The rim side wall (13) is characterized in that an outer surface of the rim side wall (13) has a plurality of flow guide portions (131) distributed along a circumferential direction of the rim side wall (13), the flow guide portions (131) are streamlined tapering from a middle portion to both ends, and the flow guide portions (131) extend along the circumferential direction from the inner spoke mounting portion (12) to the outer tire mounting portion (11). The flow guide portions (131) include a plurality of flow guide ridges (1311) and flow guide grooves (1312) alternately arranged along a radial direction of the rim side wall (13), one end of the flow guide ridges (1311) and the flow guide grooves (1312) converges at an end of the flow guide portions (131) close to the inner spoke mounting portion (12), and the other end of the flow guide ridges (1311) and the flow guide grooves (1312) converges at an end of the flow guide portions (131) close to the outer tire mounting portion (11). The flow guide portions (131) extend along the circumferential direction from the inner spoke mounting portion (12) to the outer tire mounting portion (11) in a direction opposite to a rotation direction of the rim during riding.

2. The wheel rim of claim 1, wherein The flow guide ridges (1311) and the flow guide grooves (1312) are both streamlined tapering from a middle portion to both ends, and a smooth transition is provided between the flow guide ridges (1311) and the flow guide grooves (1312), so that a cross section of the flow guide portions (131) along the radial direction of the rim side wall (13) is wavy.

3. The wheel rim of claim 1, wherein A groove depth and a groove width of the flow guide grooves (1312) gradually decrease from a middle portion to both ends, and a height and a width of the flow guide ridges (1311) gradually decrease from a middle portion to both ends.

4. The wheel rim of claim 1, wherein The groove depth of the flow guide grooves (1312) is 0.05-0.35 mm.

5. The wheel rim of claim 4, wherein, The flow guide portions (131) include a head portion (1313), a middle portion (1314), and a tail portion (1315) connected in sequence, the head portion (1313) is located at a side of the rim side wall (13) close to the inner spoke mounting portion (12), the head portion (1313) is in an arc shape bending from the inner spoke mounting portion (12) to the outer tire mounting portion (11) with a curvature center toward the outer tire mounting portion (11); 6. The wheel rim of claim 1, wherein The two adjacent guide portions (131) are arranged in a staggered manner, and the central angle of the two adjacent guide portions (131) overlapping on the side wall (13) of the wheel rim accounts for 1 / 4 of the central angle of the guide portion (131) on the side wall (13) of the wheel rim. .

7. The wheel rim of claim 1, wherein The tail portion (1315) is located at a side of the rim side wall (13) close to the outer tire mounting portion (11), the tail portion (1315) is in an arc shape bending from the outer tire mounting portion (11) to the inner spoke mounting portion (12) with a curvature center toward the inner spoke mounting portion (12); The flow guide ridges (1311) and the flow guide grooves (1312) are both extended in a flow pattern shape from the head portion (1313) to the tail portion (1315) of the flow guide portions (131). ​ 8. The rim according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The inner ring spoke mounting portion (12) is formed with a wave crest (121) at a position corresponding to the middle of the flow guide portion (131), and is formed with a wave trough (122) at an end of the flow guide portion (131) close to the inner ring spoke mounting portion (12), and the wave crest (121) is used for connecting the spoke.

9. A vehicle wheel, characterised in that Comprising: A hub (2), a plurality of spokes (3) and the rim (1) of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the hub (2) is arranged in the middle of the rim (1), and one end of the spoke (3) is connected to the inner ring spoke mounting portion (12) of the rim (1), and the other end is connected to the hub (2).

10. A bicycle characterized in that, The vehicle wheel of claim 9.

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