Dust remover of household garbage incinerator
By optimizing the dust collector's duct structure and implementing an independent maintenance design, the problem of dust accumulation in the dust collection chamber's inlet duct was solved, enabling efficient and reliable operation and convenient maintenance of the dust collection system, thus ensuring the system's stability and economy.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-17
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
During the incineration of municipal solid waste, dust easily accumulates in the inlet duct of the dust collector's dust collection chamber, leading to reduced operating efficiency and potentially causing corrosion of the steel shell, thus affecting system stability.
Design a dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator. The dust collection bins are arranged in a symmetrical double-row layout. The flue is divided into an inlet duct and an outlet duct by an inclined partition. Each dust collection bin is equipped with an ash hopper, a filter chamber, and a clean air chamber. The dust falls naturally into the ash hopper by gravity settling. The dust is then inspected and repaired separately by independent isolation valves, which is convenient for maintenance.
It significantly reduces the risk of fly ash deposition, improves the operating efficiency and reliability of the dust removal system, ensures the continuous and stable operation of the system, reduces manufacturing costs and improves space utilization, and facilitates equipment inspection and maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224033840U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to garbage incineration treatment equipment technical field, especially a kind of domestic waste incinerator dust catcher. BACKGROUND
[0002] As the core technical means for realizing waste harmless, reduction and resource treatment in China, domestic waste incineration faces complex environmental challenges in its process. The complexity of domestic waste composition not only produces dioxin, a highly toxic substance, but also generates NO x , HCl, SO2 and other acid gases in the incineration process. At the same time, a large amount of smoke dust is produced by volatile substances in domestic waste under the action of high temperature, and these smoke dust often contains various heavy metal harmful elements. To ensure that the flue gas emission meets the environmental protection standard, the dust catcher, as a key purification device, has become an indispensable part of the flue gas purification system of the waste incinerator.
[0003] However, the fly ash produced by domestic waste incineration has the characteristics of easy cementation, which brings significant technical problems in the operation of the dust catcher. Specifically, the dust removal chamber inlet air duct of the dust catcher frequently appears to be dusty. When the dust accumulation degree increases, not only the operation efficiency of the dust catcher is significantly reduced, but more seriously, the fly ash deposited in the air duct can cause corrosion of the steel shell, thereby affecting the stable operation of the whole system. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art to design a dust catcher that can operate stably and reliably for a long time. SUMMARY
[0004] The utility model provides a kind of domestic waste incinerator dust catcher, effectively solve the dust removal chamber inlet air duct dusting problem, ensure the stable operation and long-term reliability of dust removal equipment.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
[0006] A kind of domestic waste incinerator dust catcher, including at least even number of dust removal chamber unit, all dust removal chamber unit adopts left-right double column symmetrical layout, the interval between two rows of dust removal chamber units is closed from front to back and from top to bottom by steel plate, form integrated flue, the dust removal chamber unit includes ash bucket, filter chamber gas chamber sequentially communicated from bottom to top, the filter chamber of two rows of dust removal chamber units is located at the left and right sides of flue, adjacent two clean gas chambers are separated by clean gas chamber partition plate;
[0007] The flue is provided with an inclined partition plate, which divides the flue into an air inlet duct located below and an air outlet duct located above, the lower part of the air inlet duct is connected to the ash bucket of each dust removal chamber unit through a branch pipe, and all clean gas chambers are connected to the air outlet duct.
[0008] Further, the front end of the domestic waste incinerator dust collector is provided with a flue inlet, and the rear end of the domestic waste incinerator dust collector is provided with a flue outlet, the flue inlet is communicated with the air inlet duct, and the flue outlet is communicated with the air outlet duct.
[0009] Further, the left and right sides of the inclined partition plate are connected with the left and right inner side walls of the flue, the front side of the inclined partition plate is connected with the inner side wall of the flue above the flue inlet, and the rear side of the inclined partition plate is connected with the inner side wall of the flue below the flue outlet.
[0010] Further, the number of dust removal bin units is six, that is, there are six ash hoppers, six filter chambers and six clean gas chambers in total, forming six dust removal pipelines, and each dust removal pipeline can be independently operated.
[0011] Further, the filter chamber is provided with a filter unit.
[0012] Further, the filter unit adopts a filter bag or a ceramic filter cartridge.
[0013] Further, the middle and lower parts of the branch pipeline are provided with an inlet isolation valve, and the inlet isolation valve is usually in an open state and is closed when the corresponding dust removal bin unit is overhauled.
[0014] Further, the communication position of the clean gas chamber and the air outlet duct is provided with an outlet isolation valve, and the outlet isolation valve is usually in an open state and is closed when the corresponding dust removal bin unit is overhauled.
[0015] Further, part of the clean gas chamber is located above the filter chamber, and the other part is located above the flue and is communicated with the air outlet duct.
[0016] Further, the horizontal section of the part of the clean gas chamber above the filter chamber is rectangular, and the horizontal section of the part of the clean gas chamber above the flue is trapezoidal; the shapes of the left and right two clean gas chambers are centrally symmetric.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the domestic waste incinerator dust collector has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0018] (1) The domestic waste incinerator dust collector of the utility model optimizes the air duct structure design, can not only significantly reduce the fly ash deposition risk, but also improve the overall operation efficiency of the dust removal system, and provides a reliable solution for domestic waste incineration flue gas treatment.
[0019] (2) The flue gas of each dust removal bin unit of the domestic waste incinerator dust collector is introduced to the top of the ash hopper through the branch pipeline, and the gravity settling principle is used to make the dust in the flue gas naturally fall into the ash hopper, effectively avoiding the deposition of dust in the flue, and ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system.
[0020] (3) The air inlet duct and the air outlet duct of the household garbage incinerator dust collector are designed in an integrated manner, and are arranged in the cavity between the left and right filter chambers. The effective separation of the air inlet duct and the air outlet duct is realized by arranging the inclined partition plate. The compact design not only saves the amount of steel and reduces the manufacturing cost, but also improves the space utilization.
[0021] (4) The left and right ash hoppers and the left and right clean gas chambers of each dust removal bin unit are provided with independent isolation valves. The isolation of the single dust removal pipeline can be realized by closing the corresponding isolation valve, so that the equipment maintenance and maintenance are facilitated, the reliability of the system operation and the convenience of the maintenance are ensured, and the downtime is reduced.
[0022] The household garbage incinerator dust collector of the utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the household garbage incinerator dust collector of the utility model (the inlet isolation valve, the outlet isolation valve and the related parts are not drawn).
[0024] Figure 2 It is a vertical section view of the middle part of the household garbage incinerator dust collector along the length direction, wherein the length direction is the direction parallel to the center line connecting the center of the flue inlet and the center of the flue outlet.
[0025] Figure 3 It is a vertical section view of the middle part of the household garbage incinerator dust collector along the width direction, wherein the width direction is the direction perpendicular to the center line connecting the center of the flue inlet and the center of the flue outlet in the horizontal plane.
[0026] Figure 4 It is a perspective view of the household garbage incinerator dust collector from the top.
[0027] Among them, 1 is an air inlet duct, 2 is an air outlet duct, 3 is a dust removal bin unit, 31 is an ash hopper, 32 is a filter chamber, 33 is a clean gas chamber, 4 is an inlet isolation valve, 5 is an outlet isolation valve, 6 is an inclined partition plate, 7 is a flue inlet, 8 is a flue outlet, 9 is a filter unit, and 10 is a clean gas chamber partition plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] As Figures 1-4As shown, a household waste incinerator dust collector includes 6 dust removal bin units 3, which are symmetrically distributed in two rows, and the space between the two rows of dust removal bin units 3 is closed by steel plates in front, back, up and down, forming a whole flue. The dust removal bin unit 3 includes a hopper 31, a filter chamber 32 and a clean gas chamber 33 which are sequentially connected from bottom to top. The filter chambers 32 of the two rows of dust removal bin units 3 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the flue, and the adjacent two clean gas chambers 33 are separated by a clean gas chamber partition plate 10. The dust removal bin units on the same side are sequentially arranged, and each dust removal bin unit 3 is an independent chamber.
[0029] As shown in Figure 2 The flue is provided with an inclined partition plate 6, which divides the entire flue into an air inlet channel 1 located below and an air outlet channel 2 located above. The front end of the household waste incinerator dust collector is provided with a flue inlet 7, which can be connected with the front subsequent flue of the dust collector. The rear end of the household waste incinerator dust collector is provided with a flue outlet 8, which can be connected with the subsequent flue of the dust collector. The flue inlet 7 is in communication with the air inlet channel 1, and the flue outlet 8 is in communication with the air outlet channel 2. The left and right sides of the inclined partition plate 6 are connected with the left and right inner walls of the flue, respectively. The front side of the inclined partition plate 6 is connected with the inner wall of the flue above the flue inlet 7, and the rear side of the inclined partition plate 6 is connected with the inner wall of the flue below the flue outlet 8. Figure 2 The arrow direction in the figure is the flow direction of flue gas.
[0030] As shown in Figure 3 The lower part of the air inlet channel 1 is connected with the top of the hopper 31 of each dust removal bin unit 3 through a branch pipe, and all the clean gas chambers 33 are in communication with the air outlet channel 2. Figure 3 The arrow direction in the figure is the flow direction of flue gas.
[0031] A plurality of filter units 9 are densely arranged in the filter chamber 32 to ensure efficient dust removal effect. The filter unit 9 adopts a filter bag or a ceramic filter cartridge.
[0032] The middle and lower parts of the branch pipe are provided with an inlet isolation valve 4, which is usually in an open state and is closed when the corresponding dust removal bin unit 3 is under maintenance, facilitating system maintenance and operation control. The clean gas chamber 33 is provided with an outlet isolation valve 5 at the communication position with the air outlet channel 2, and the outlet isolation valve 5 is usually in an open state and is closed when the corresponding dust removal bin unit 3 is under maintenance.
[0033] Part of the clean gas chamber 33 is located above the filter chamber 32, and the other part is located above the flue and communicates with the air outlet duct 2. The horizontal section of the part of the clean gas chamber 33 located above the filter chamber 32 is rectangular, and the horizontal section of the part located above the flue is trapezoidal; the shapes of the left and right two clean gas chambers 33 are centrally symmetric. The top of the air outlet duct 2 is uniformly distributed with six openings along the length direction, each of which communicates with a clean gas chamber 33, and an outlet isolation valve 5 is arranged at each opening. That is, there are a total of six hoppers, six filter chambers and six clean gas chambers, forming six dust removal pipelines, each of which can be independently operated, and the partition control is realized through the outlet isolation valve 5.
[0034] The entire household waste incinerator dust collector is arranged in a double-row symmetrical manner, and is closed and connected in four directions of front, back, up and down through steel plates to form a whole closed cavity structure, that is, the flue.
[0035] In use, the flue gas enters the air inlet duct 1 from the flue inlet 7, passes through the inlet isolation valve 4 of each dust removal bin unit 3 to enter the hopper 31, and then sequentially passes through the filter chamber 32, the clean gas chamber 33 and the outlet isolation valve 5 to enter the air outlet duct 2, and is finally discharged from the flue outlet 8.
[0036] The main process parameters of the household waste incinerator dust collector are as follows: the flue gas temperature is 150-300℃; according to the scale of the incinerator, the flue gas flow is 50000-150000 Nm 3 / h. The dust collector has a very high dust removal efficiency, usually greater than 99.9%, and the dust content of the purified flue gas is ≤30mg / Nm 3 After passing through the filter unit of the dust collector, the flue gas usually has a pressure drop of 1000-2000 Pa in the dust collector.
[0037] The household waste incinerator dust collector is mainly used for removing dust and particulate matter generated in the incineration process to ensure that the flue gas emission meets environmental protection standards. The flue gas generated in the incineration process is first pretreated by cooling, deacidification and denitrification, and then enters the dust collector for purification. The clean flue gas treated by the dust collector is then sent to the chimney by the induced draft fan through the subsequent flue, and finally discharged into the atmosphere.
[0038] The household waste incinerator dust collector is used in a certain 500-ton / day household waste incineration power plant, and the situation is as follows:
[0039] The rated flue gas volume is about 75000 Nm 3 / h, and the above household waste incinerator dust collector (i.e. 3 dust removal bin units, 6 dust removal pipelines) is used, 160 filter units are arranged in each filter chamber, the filter units adopt PTFE membrane filter bags with a diameter of 160mm and a length of 6000mm. The inlet flue gas temperature of the dust collector is 155℃, and the inlet dust concentration is 4000mg / Nm3 Heavy metal content is about 150 mg / Nm 3 Dioxin content is 3 ng-TEQ / Nm 3 Dust concentration at the outlet of the dust collector is less than or equal to 20 mg / Nm 3 Total heavy metal content is less than or equal to 1 mg / Nm 3 Among them, mercury, cadmium and thallium are less than 0.05 mg / Nm 3 Lead, arsenic and chromium are less than 0.1 mg / Nm 3 Dioxin content is less than or equal to 0.1 ng-TEQ / Nm 3 The pressure drop of the flue gas through the dust collector is 1200 Pa.
[0040] The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application as defined by the claims.
Claims
1. A dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator, characterized in that: It includes an even number of dust collection bin units (3). All dust collection bin units (3) are arranged in a symmetrical double-row layout. The gap between the two rows of dust collection bin units (3) is sealed by steel plates to form an integral flue. The dust collection bin unit includes a dust hopper (31), a filter chamber (32) and a clean air chamber (33) connected from bottom to top. The filter chambers (32) of the two rows of dust collection bin units (3) are located on the left and right sides of the flue, respectively. The two adjacent clean air chambers (33) are separated by a clean air chamber partition (10). The flue is provided with an inclined baffle (6) to divide the flue into an air inlet duct (1) located below and an air outlet duct (2) located above. The lower part of the air inlet duct (1) is connected to the top of the ash hopper (31) of each dust removal unit through a branch pipe. All clean air chambers (33) are connected to the air outlet duct (2).
2. The dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collector of the municipal solid waste incinerator has a flue inlet (7) at the front center and a flue outlet (8) at the rear center. The flue inlet (7) is connected to the air inlet (1) and the flue outlet (8) is connected to the air outlet (2).
3. The dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left and right sides of the inclined baffle (6) are connected to the left and right inner walls of the flue, respectively. The front side of the inclined baffle (6) is connected to the inner wall of the flue located above the flue inlet (7), and the rear side of the inclined baffle (6) is connected to the inner wall of the flue located below the flue outlet (8).
4. The dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter chamber (32) is equipped with a filter unit (9).
5. The dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The filtration unit (9) uses a filter bag or a ceramic filter cartridge.
6. The dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inlet isolation valve (4) is provided in the lower middle part of the branch pipe.
7. The dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outlet isolation valve (5) is provided at the connection point between the clean air chamber (33) and the air outlet duct (2).
8. The dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 7, characterized in that: A portion of the clean air chamber (33) is located above the filter chamber (32), and another portion is located above the flue and connected to the air outlet duct (2).
9. The dust collector for a municipal solid waste incinerator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The horizontal cross-section of the part of the clean air chamber (33) above the filter chamber (32) is rectangular, and the horizontal cross-section of the part above the flue is trapezoidal; the shapes of the two clean air chambers (33) on the left and right are centrally symmetrical.