On-site detection device for railway retarder

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical part testing, in particular to a railway retarder field detection device. The railway retarder on-site detection device comprises a rack, a dowel bar capable of moving up and down in a guiding mode is installed on the rack, a pressure sensor used for making contact with a retarder is arranged at the lower end of the dowel bar, a sliding seat is arranged on the rack, a driving mechanism is arranged on the sliding seat, and the driving mechanism comprises a gear and a rotating power source used for driving the gear to rotate in two directions. A rack is arranged on the dowel bar, the sliding base is provided with a sliding power source used for driving the sliding base to move relative to the dowel bar and enabling the gear to be meshed with or separated from the rack, and a force storage spring is arranged between the dowel bar and the rack and used for being compressed when the gear is meshed with the rack to drive the dowel bar to move upwards. When the gear is separated from the rack, the compression amount of the force storage spring is released, so that the dowel bar impacts the retarder, and when the gear is meshed with the rack to drive the dowel bar to move downwards, the retarder is extruded; high-speed working conditions and low-speed working conditions are measured, and detection operation is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to mechanical component test technical field, concretely relates to a railway retarder on-site detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Retarder is an important train operation equipment for automatic speed regulation of disassembled vehicles on the hump at railway technical station. During long-term use, due to normal wear and tear and fatigue consumption of parts, the technical indicators of the retarder change, such as brake work reduction and critical speed change, which makes the retarder fail to achieve the expected speed regulation effect, and may lead to overspeed connection, vehicle damage and other accidents. To ensure the normal use of the retarder, it needs to be detected regularly, and the retarder with abnormal work needs to be replaced and repaired in time to eliminate hidden dangers and ensure the safety of railway transportation production.

[0003] At present, the outdoor inspection of most marshalling stations (section stations) retarders still stays in the traditional extensive management state, and the daily inspection of the retarder is mainly manual inspection, mainly through visual inspection to judge whether the external structure of the retarder is damaged, leaks oil and other phenomena, and whether the retarder works, and whether the brake performance is good is judged by experience through manual step-by-step stepping method. It cannot standardize the detection of brake effect, and is low in efficiency and cannot achieve fine management, so that the shunting operation accidents caused by poor retarder operation state occur.

[0004] For the above problems, the prior art also has a special railway retarder on-site detection device, such as the detection platform for railway retarder detection disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN219015928U. The detection platform includes a machine body that can walk along the railway rail, a connecting rod that can move up and down is installed on the machine body, a pressure sensor is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting rod, a motor is installed on the machine frame, the motor drives the cam to rotate, the cam extrudes the lug, the lug drives the connecting rod to descend and drives the pressure sensor to extrude the retarder, the retarder generates a reaction force to extrude the pressure sensor to complete the detection.

[0005] The characteristics of the retarder mainly have two aspects: one is that when the vehicle speed is lower than the critical speed of the retarder, the sliding cylinder of the retarder is relatively low in speed pressed by the wheels, the internal speed valve keeps open state, the damping of the oil flowing through the speed valve in the sliding cylinder is small, and the retarder basically does not slow down the vehicle; the other is that when the vehicle speed is higher than the critical speed of the retarder, the sliding cylinder is relatively high in speed pressed by the wheels, the internal pressure is high at the moment, the speed valve is forced to close quickly, the internal oil flow is blocked, and the retarder slows down the vehicle. Based on this, in addition to needing to press the retarder at low speed to detect whether it works normally below the critical speed, it also needs to impact the retarder at high speed to detect whether it works normally above the critical speed, and at present, whether the speed valve is damaged is generally judged by detecting that a worker kicks the retarder with his foot. The above-mentioned retarder detection device can be used to detect whether the retarder works normally at low speed through the cam extrusion, but it is not suitable for detecting high speed working condition, the function is single, and the use is inconvenient. Practical new type content

[0006] The utility model aims at providing a railway retarder on-site detection device, to solve the current railway retarder on-site detection device function single and the problem of not being able to measure high speed working condition and low speed working condition and leading to inconvenient use.

[0007] The technical scheme of the railway retarder on-site detection device of the utility model is:

[0008] A railway retarder on-site detection device, including frame, the frame is installed with the force transmission rod that can be guided and moves up and down, the force transmission rod lower extreme is equipped with the pressure sensor for contacting the retarder, the frame is equipped with the sliding seat, the sliding seat is equipped with the drive mechanism, the drive mechanism includes gear and the rotary power source for driving gear bidirectional rotation, the force transmission rod is equipped with the rack, the sliding seat is equipped with the sliding power source for driving its relative force transmission rod moves and makes gear and rack engage, disengage, the force transmission rod is equipped with the force storage spring between the frame, the force storage spring is used to be compressed when gear and rack engage and drive force transmission rod to move up, when gear and rack disengage, the compression amount of force storage spring releases and makes force transmission rod impact retarder, when gear and rack engage and drive force transmission rod to move down, extrude retarder.

[0009] Beneficial effects: the utility model discloses a kind of railway speed reduction top field detection device of measuring high-speed operating mode and low-speed operating mode, and the sliding power source on rack drives sliding seat to move towards transmission rod, so that the gear of driving mechanism on sliding seat and rack on transmission rod form meshing, the positive rotation of rotating power source of driving mechanism drives gear, transmission is driven by gear and rack meshing, transmission rod is driven to move upwards, and then force spring between transmission rod and rack is compressed, and make force spring form set compression, realize force storage;When needing to detect, the detection device is moved to field, so that transmission rod is aligned with the speed reduction top below, the sliding power source on rack drives sliding seat to move away from transmission rod, so that the gear of driving mechanism on sliding seat and rack on transmission rod are disengaged, at this time, the compression of force spring is released, force is applied to transmission rod, so that transmission rod accelerates, since force spring has set compression, so that transmission rod is accelerated to set impact speed by controlling compression, transmission rod impacts speed reduction top at set impact speed, realize the detection function of high-speed operating mode, the reaction force when hitting speed reduction top can be measured by the pressure sensor at the lower end of transmission rod, and measurement value is compared with standard value, to judge whether the brake function of speed reduction top is normal;Then, the sliding power source on rack can drive sliding seat to move towards transmission rod again, so that the gear of driving mechanism on sliding seat and rack on transmission rod are meshed again, the reverse rotation of rotating power source of driving mechanism drives gear, transmission is driven by gear and rack meshing, transmission rod is driven to move downwards, and the moving speed of transmission rod can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of gear, so that transmission rod extrudes speed reduction top at set extrusion speed, realize the detection function of low-speed operating mode, the reaction force when extruding speed reduction top can be measured by the pressure sensor at the lower end of transmission rod, and measurement value is compared with standard value, to judge whether speed reduction top is normal and does not work;Realize the detection function of high-speed operating mode and low-speed operating mode, convenient for detection operation.

[0010] Further, the force transmission rod is movably sleeved with a limiting ring, the limiting ring is located on the upper side of the pressure sensor, the outer diameter of the limiting ring is greater than the radial dimension of the pressure sensor, the limiting ring and the pressure sensor have parts forming upper and lower stop cooperation, the force storage spring is sleeved on the force transmission rod and located on the upper side of the limiting ring, the lower end of the force storage spring is pressed on the limiting ring, and the upper end is pressed on the rack, the rack has a stop portion located on the lower side of the limiting ring, when the compression of the force storage spring is released and drives the limiting ring and the force transmission rod to move downwards to the stop of the limiting ring by the stop portion, the compression of the force storage spring is limited to release, and the force transmission rod can move downwards relative to the limiting ring.

[0011] Further, the rack is provided with a mounting cavity, and the limiting ring and the force storage spring are mounted in the mounting cavity.

[0012] Further, the limit ring and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity form a guide fit in the up-down direction, and the inner wall of the center hole of the limit ring forms a guide fit with the force transmission rod.

[0013] Further, the through hole on the lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity is an avoiding hole, and when the limit ring and the lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity are blocked, the pressure sensor is flush with the lower hole of the avoiding hole or protrudes downward from the avoiding hole.

[0014] Further, the rack includes a lower support and a fixed cylinder fixed on the lower support, the cylinder mouth of the fixed cylinder faces downward, and the end cover is fixedly connected at the cylinder mouth, the end cover and the fixed cylinder surround the mounting cavity, the end cover forms the lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity, and the cylinder bottom of the fixed cylinder forms the upper cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

[0015] Further, the thickness of the end cover is greater than the thickness of the cylinder bottom of the fixed cylinder.

[0016] Further, the rotary power source is a driving motor, the driving motor is located on the side of the gear away from the force transmission rod, the gear is installed on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably assembled on the sliding seat, and the rotating shaft and the output shaft of the driving motor are connected through a bevel gear set.

[0017] Further, the sliding power source is an electric push rod, and the electric push rod is located on the side of the sliding seat away from the force transmission rod.

[0018] Further, the rack includes an upper support and a lower support arranged in an up-down direction, the upper support and the lower support are each provided with a guide hole matched with the force transmission rod, the sliding seat is arranged on the lower support, and the driving mechanism is located between the upper support and the lower support. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of an embodiment of the railway speed reduction head field detection device.

[0020] In the figure: 1, upper support; 2, lower support; 3, fixed cylinder; 4, end cover; 5, force transmission rod; 6, rack; 7, pressure sensor; 8, limit ring; 9, force storage spring; 10, mounting cavity; 11, sliding rail; 12, sliding seat; 13, driving motor; 14, gear; 15, electric push rod; 200, speed reduction head; 201, vehicle rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The basic concept of the railway speed reduction head field detection device of the utility model is to realize the detection function of high-speed working condition and low-speed working condition by using a force storage spring and a gear and rack clutch mechanism, which is convenient to use and has high detection efficiency.

[0022] The technical scheme of the railway speed reduction head field detection device of the utility model will be specifically described below in combination with specific embodiments.

[0023] The utility model discloses a railway deceleration top field detection device's embodiment:

[0024] As Figure 1 Shown, the line in the drawing is used for indicating but does not represent actual proportion, and the railway deceleration top field detection device includes the frame, and the frame is installed with the force link 5 that can be guided and moves up and down, and the force link 5 lower extreme is equipped with the pressure sensor 7 for contacting the deceleration top 200, and the frame is equipped with the sliding seat 12, and the sliding seat 12 is equipped with the drive mechanism, and the drive mechanism includes the gear 14 and is used to drive the gear 14 bidirectional rotation's rotary power source, and the force link 5 is equipped with the rack 6, and the sliding seat 12 is equipped with the slide movement power source for driving its relative force link 5 moves and makes the gear 14 and the rack 6 engage, and the force link 5 and the frame are equipped with the force spring 9, and the force spring 9 is used for when the gear 14 and the rack 6 engage and drive the force link 5 to go up and be compressed, and when the gear 14 and the rack 6 are separated, the force spring 9 compression amount releases and makes the force link 5 impact the deceleration top 200, and when the gear 14 and the rack 6 engage and drive the force link 5 to go down and extrude the deceleration top 200.

[0025] This railway deceleration top field detection device can measure high speed working condition and low speed working condition, and the slide movement power source on the frame drives the sliding seat 12 to move towards the force link 5, so that the gear 14 of the drive mechanism on the sliding seat 12 engages with the rack 6 on the force link 5, the rotary power source of the drive mechanism drives the gear 14 to rotate forward, the gear 14 and the rack 6 are engaged to drive the force link 5 to move up relative to the frame, and the force link 5 and the frame compress the force spring 9 and make the force spring 9 form a set compression amount, thereby achieving energy storage.

[0026] When detection is needed, the detection device is moved to the field, the force link 5 is aligned with the deceleration top 200 below, the slide movement power source on the frame drives the sliding seat 12 to move away from the force link 5, so that the gear 14 of the drive mechanism on the sliding seat 12 disengages with the rack 6 on the force link 5, at this time, the compression amount of the force spring 9 is released, the force link 5 is forced to accelerate, because the force spring 9 has a set compression amount, the force link 5 is accelerated to a set impact speed by controlling the compression amount, the force link 5 impacts the deceleration top 200 at a set impact speed, the detection function of high speed working condition is realized, the pressure sensor 7 at the lower end of the force link 5 can measure the reaction force when impacting the deceleration top 200, the measured value is compared with the standard value, thereby judging whether the braking function of the deceleration top 200 is normal.

[0027] Then, the slide base 12 can be driven to move towards the force transmission rod 5 by the slide driving source on the rack, so that the gear 14 of the driving mechanism on the slide base 12 is engaged with the rack 6 on the force transmission rod 5 again, the reverse rotation of the rotation driving source of the driving mechanism drives the gear 14 to rotate reversely, the force transmission rod 5 is driven to move downwards through the transmission of the gear 14 and the rack 6, and the moving speed of the force transmission rod 5 can be controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the gear 14, so that the force transmission rod 5 extrudes the speed reducer 200 at a set extrusion speed, the extrusion speed is less than the impact speed, the detection function of the low-speed working condition is realized, the reaction force of the speed reducer 200 can be measured by the pressure sensor 7 at the lower end of the force transmission rod 5, and the measured value is compared with the standard value, so as to judge whether the speed reducer 200 works normally or not at the low-speed working condition. The detection functions of the high-speed working condition and the low-speed working condition are realized, and the detection operation is facilitated.

[0028] The rack bottom of the railway speed reducer field detection device is provided with a roller, which is convenient to move on the rail 201 through the roller during use, and is moved to the speed reducer 200 to be detected beside the rail 201, so that the pressure sensor 7 of the force transmission rod 5 is located directly above the speed reducer 200, and the railway speed reducer field detection device will not interfere with the speed reducer 200 during movement.

[0029] The rack includes a lower support 2, the lower support 2 is provided with a guide hole for guiding the force transmission rod 5 to pass through, and the pressure sensor 7 arranged at the lower end of the force transmission rod 5 is located below the lower support 2. The lower support 2 is fixedly provided with a slide rail 11 on the upper side, the slide base 12 is slidably arranged on the slide rail 11, the slide rail 11 can adopt a T-shaped structure, and correspondingly, the slide base 12 is provided with a matched T-shaped groove, so that the slide base 12 moves linearly along the slide rail 11 while avoiding upward disengagement from the slide rail 11, and the slide driving source for driving the slide base 12 to move is an electric push rod 15. The rotation driving source on the slide base 12 is a driving motor 13, which can drive the gear 14 to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise.

[0030] The slide rail 11 extends along the left-right direction, and the extension direction of the slide rail 11 is consistent with the extension direction of the rail 201. The slide rail 11 is located on the right side of the transmission rod, the gear 14 is located on the right side of the transmission rod, the rack 6 on the transmission rod corresponds to the gear 14, and the length of the rack 6 in the up-down direction meets the up-moving stroke and the down-moving stroke of the transmission rod.

[0031] The force transmission rod 5 is sleeved with a limiting ring 8, the limiting ring 8 is located on the upper side of the pressure sensor 7, the outer diameter of the limiting ring 8 is larger than the radial dimension of the pressure sensor 7, the radial dimension of the pressure sensor 7 is larger than the radial dimension of the main body of the force transmission rod 5, the limiting ring 8 and the pressure sensor 7 have a part forming an upper and lower stop cooperation, the force storage spring 9 is sleeved on the force transmission rod 5 and located on the upper side of the limiting ring 8, the lower end of the force storage spring 9 is pressed on the limiting ring 8, the upper end of the force storage spring 9 is pressed on the rack, the rack has a stop part located on the lower side of the limiting ring 8, when the compression amount of the force storage spring 9 is released and drives the limiting ring 8 and the force transmission rod 5 to move downward to the position where the limiting ring 8 is stopped by the stop part, the compression amount of the force storage spring 9 is limited to release and the force transmission rod 5 can move downward relative to the limiting ring 8, so that the force storage spring 9 has a set compression deformation release amount, the force storage spring 9 avoids the zero point, and the acceleration ability of the force transmission rod 5 is convenient to control. In other embodiments, the stop part and the limiting ring can not be provided, and the lower end of the force storage spring can be directly pressed on the upper side of the pressure sensor, at this time the compression amount of the force storage spring can be freely released.

[0032] The rack is provided with a mounting cavity 10, the limiting ring 8 and the force storage spring 9 are mounted in the mounting cavity 10, the upper and lower cavity walls of the mounting cavity 10 are provided with through holes for the force transmission rod 5 to pass through, the lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity 10 constitutes a stop part, the upper end of the force storage spring 9 is pressed on the upper cavity wall of the mounting cavity 10, the mounting cavity 10 is matched with the force storage spring 9, and the deformation of the force storage spring 9 can be guided. In other embodiments, a baffle can be directly fixed on the rack, the baffle is located on the lower side of the limiting ring, the baffle is provided with a through hole avoiding the pressure sensor, the baffle constitutes a stop part, and the limiting ring and the force storage spring are exposed.

[0033] The limiting ring 8 and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity 10 form a guiding cooperation in the up-down direction, and the inner wall of the center hole of the limiting ring 8 is in guiding cooperation with the force transmission rod 5. The limiting ring 8 is a circular ring, the force transmission rod 5 is a circular rod, and the part of the circular rod for arranging the rack 6 is a plane. The inner diameter of the limiting ring 8 is matched with the outer diameter of the force transmission rod 5, the guiding effect on the force transmission rod 5 is improved, the position of the force transmission rod 5 is guaranteed, the meshing of the gear 14 and the rack 6 is reliable, and the lower end of the pressure sensor 7 will not hit the lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity 10. In other embodiments, a large gap can be formed between the limiting ring and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity, and the force transmission rod is guided only by the guiding hole on the rack.

[0034] The rack comprises a fixed cylinder 3 fixed on the lower support 2, the fixed cylinder 3 is fixed on the lower side of the lower support 2, the bottom of the fixed cylinder 3 is fixed with the lower support 2, and the fixed cylinder 3 can be fixed by welding. The mouth of the fixed cylinder 3 faces downward and is fixedly connected with an end cover 4, the end cover 4 and the fixed cylinder 3 form an installation cavity 10, the end cover 4 forms the lower cavity wall of the installation cavity 10, and the bottom of the fixed cylinder 3 forms the upper cavity wall of the installation cavity 10. The outer diameter of the end cover 4 is the same as that of the fixed cylinder 3, the end cover 4 and the fixed cylinder 3 can be fixedly connected by bolts, the bolts are anti-loosening treated to ensure the load bearing capacity. The thickness of the end cover 4 is greater than that of the bottom of the fixed cylinder 3 to ensure the structural strength of the end cover 4. The end cover 4 and the fixed cylinder 3 form the installation cavity 10, which is simple in structure and convenient for opening the end cover 4 to detect the force storage spring 9. In other embodiments, the end cover can not be provided, the mouth of the fixed cylinder faces upward and is fixed to the lower support, and the fixed cylinder and the lower support form the installation cavity.

[0035] The inner diameter of the fixed cylinder 3 is the inner diameter of the installation cavity 10, the through hole provided on the bottom of the fixed cylinder 3 is a guide hole, and the guide hole can guide the force transmission rod 5 body. The guide hole on the bottom of the fixed cylinder 3 and the guide hole on the lower support 2 are the same diameter and correspondingly penetrate through. The through hole on the end cover 4 is the through hole on the lower cavity wall of the installation cavity 10, and is an avoiding hole, the diameter of the avoiding hole is greater than the outer diameter of the pressure sensor 7 and has a gap, and the diameter of the avoiding hole is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting ring 8 and greater than the inner diameter of the limiting ring 8. When the compression amount of the force storage spring 9 is released and the limiting ring 8 is stopped by the end cover 4, the lower surface of the pressure sensor 7 is flush with the lower hole of the avoiding hole, or the pressure sensor 7 can be set to protrude downward from the avoiding hole. In this way, when the compression amount of the force storage spring 9 is released, the pressure sensor 7 is closer to the speed reducer 200, the idle stroke of the force transmission rod 5 relative to the rack, the force storage spring 9 and the limiting ring 8 when moving downward at high speed is shortened, and the speed is maintained.

[0036] The upper side of the pressure sensor 7 and the lower side of the limiting ring 8 form an upper and lower stop part, the force storage spring 9 is located between the pressure sensor 7 provided on the lower end of the force transmission rod 5 and the bottom of the fixed cylinder 3 of the rack, and indirectly transmits force through the limiting ring 8. When the force transmission rod 5 moves upward, the pressure sensor 7 can push the limiting ring 8 upward, the limiting ring 8 pushes the force storage spring 9 to compress, stops when reaching the set compression amount, the gear 14 can remain stationary, the force transmission rod 5 does not move, the driving motor 13 can be a self-locking motor with a position locking function, and the driving motor can be selected according to the needs. The force storage spring 9 is kept in a pre-compressed state, and when released, the force storage spring 9 elastically recovers, drives the limiting ring 8 and pushes the pressure sensor 7 to move downward at high speed. When the limiting ring 8 is stopped by the end cover 4, the force storage spring 9 still has a certain compression amount, but is no longer released. At this time, the force transmission rod 5 moves downward at high speed alone, so that the pressure sensor 7 impacts on the speed reducer 200.

[0037] The driving motor 13 is located on the side of the gear 14 away from the force transmission rod 5, the gear 14 is installed on a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably assembled on the sliding seat 12, the sliding seat 12 is provided with two rotating installation supports spaced front and back, the rotating shaft is installed on the two rotating installation supports, and the rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the output shaft of the driving motor 13 through the bevel gear 14 group, the output shaft of the driving motor 13 extends left and right, the rotating shaft extends front and back, the driving motor 13 drives the rotating shaft to rotate through the bevel gear 14 group, and then the gear 14 rotates, which is convenient for arrangement. In other embodiments, the output shaft of the driving motor can also be coaxially connected with the rotating shaft, and the driving motor can be away from the force transmission rod.

[0038] The sliding force source adopts an electric push rod 15, which is driven by electricity like the driving motor 13, has simple structure, is convenient to control, and saves cost. The electric push rod 15 is fixedly installed on the sliding rail 11, the electric push rod 15 is located on the side of the sliding seat 12 away from the force transmission rod 5, and the push rod tail end of the electric push rod 15 is fixedly connected with the right side surface of the sliding seat 12, so that the sliding seat 12 is driven to move linearly when the electric push rod 15 is stretched or retracted.

[0039] The rack includes an upper support 1 and a lower support 2 which are spaced apart upward and downward, the upper support 1 and the lower support 2 are both provided with a guide hole matched with the force transmission rod 5, so as to ensure the stability of the force transmission rod 5 and ensure the reliable engagement of the rack 6 and the gear 14. The sliding seat 12 is arranged on the lower support 2, and the driving mechanism is located between the upper support 1 and the lower support 2, so that the structure is compact and the space is saved.

[0040] The railway speed reduction head field detection device is used to walk to the position of the speed reduction head, and realizes the purpose of on-line detection of the state of the speed reduction head. The dynamic detection survey is performed on the real-time state of the speed reduction head in an on-line mode, the manual stepping and inspection operation mode is replaced, the problem speed reduction head is found out, and the targeted point detection and maintenance are performed.

[0041] The railway speed reduction head field detection device stores and releases energy by using a force storage spring, realizes the state detection of the speed reduction head installed on the railway line through the integrated pressure sensor. Whether the speed reduction head generates braking work under a certain high-speed pressure, whether it does not work under a certain speed pressure, whether the oil and gas pressure is normal, and whether there is a "dead head" are detected. The oil and gas pressure and the opening and closing of the speed valve can be accurately detected in the process of on-site inspection, the accuracy and reliability of the speed reduction head field detection are improved, and then the safety hidden danger of the speed reduction head is eliminated.

[0042] Finally, it needs to be explained that the above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application, although the present application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments without paying creative labor, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A field testing device for railway deceleration tops, characterized in that, The device includes a frame on which a force transmission rod is mounted, which can move vertically. The lower end of the force transmission rod is equipped with a pressure sensor for contacting the deceleration top. A slide is mounted on the frame, and a drive mechanism is mounted on the slide. The drive mechanism includes a gear and a rotary power source for driving the gear to rotate bidirectionally. A rack is mounted on the force transmission rod. The slide is equipped with a sliding power source for moving the rod relative to the force transmission rod and engaging and disengaging the gear and rack. A storage spring is provided between the force transmission rod and the frame. The storage spring is compressed when the gear and rack engage and drive the force transmission rod upward. When the gear and rack disengage, the compression of the storage spring is released, causing the force transmission rod to impact the deceleration top. When the gear and rack engage and drive the force transmission rod downward, the storage spring squeezes the deceleration top.

2. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limit ring is fitted on the force transmission rod. The limit ring is located above the pressure sensor. The outer diameter of the limit ring is larger than the radial dimension of the pressure sensor. The limit ring and the pressure sensor have a part that forms an upper and lower stop fit. A storage spring is fitted on the force transmission rod and is located above the limit ring. The lower end of the storage spring presses against the limit ring and the upper end presses against the frame. The frame has a stop part located below the limit ring. When the compression of the storage spring is released, it drives the limit ring and the force transmission rod to move down until the limit ring is stopped by the stop part. The release of the compression of the storage spring is restricted, and the force transmission rod can move down relative to the limit ring.

3. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to claim 2, characterized in that, The frame is provided with a mounting cavity, and the limiting ring and the storage spring are both installed in the mounting cavity. The upper and lower cavity walls of the mounting cavity are provided with through holes for the force transmission rod to pass through. The lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity forms the stop part, and the upper end of the storage spring presses against the upper cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

4. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting ring and the cavity wall of the mounting cavity form a guiding fit in the vertical direction, and the inner wall of the central hole of the limiting ring has a guiding fit with the force transmission rod.

5. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The through hole on the lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity is a clearance hole. When the limit ring stops against the lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity, the pressure sensor is flush with the lower opening of the clearance hole or protrudes downward from the clearance hole.

6. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The frame includes a lower support and a fixed cylinder fixed on the lower support. The opening of the fixed cylinder faces downward and an end cap is fixedly connected to the opening. The end cap and the fixed cylinder form the mounting cavity. The end cap forms the lower cavity wall of the mounting cavity, and the bottom of the fixed cylinder forms the upper cavity wall of the mounting cavity.

7. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end cap thickness is greater than the bottom thickness of the fixed cylinder.

8. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The rotational power source is a drive motor, which is located on the side of the gear away from the force transmission rod. The gear is mounted on a rotating shaft, which is rotatably mounted on a slide. The rotating shaft and the output shaft of the drive motor are connected by a bevel gear set.

9. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The sliding power source is an electric actuator, which is located on the side of the slide away from the force transmission rod.

10. The on-site testing device for railway deceleration tops according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The frame includes an upper support and a lower support spaced apart vertically. Both the upper and lower supports are provided with guide holes that are adapted to the force transmission rod. The slide is mounted on the lower support, and the drive mechanism is located between the upper and lower supports.

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