Spectrometer
By introducing polarization elements and photodetectors into the spectrometer, light is filtered into linearly polarized light and converted into an electrical signal, solving the problem that traditional spectrometers cannot detect linearly polarized light, and achieving more efficient and lower-cost spectral measurements.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional spectrometers cannot directly detect linearly polarized light, resulting in low detection efficiency and high cost.
By introducing polarization elements into the spectrometer, light is filtered into linearly polarized light, which is then converted into an electrical signal by a photodetector. The polarization elements are used to polarize the light along the propagation path formed by the beam splitter, thereby reducing light loss and the impact of nonlinearly polarized light on the photodetector.
This improved the measurement accuracy and detection efficiency of the spectrometer while reducing costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224035241U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of spectrometer, and in particular to a spectrometer. BACKGROUND
[0002] The spectrometer is a scientific instrument which applies optical principles to decompose complex light into spectral lines, wherein the basic equipment for observation, analysis and processing of the structure and composition of matter has the advantages of high analysis accuracy, large measurement range, fast speed and small sample consumption. Therefore, the resolution of molecular characteristics, the measurement of concentration, the identification of matter, the two sides of celestial spectrum and the like need the assistance of the spectrometer, and the spectrometer is widely used in metallurgy, address, petroleum chemical industry, medicine and health, environmental protection, resource and water temperature survey and the like.
[0003] However, the traditional spectrometer has limited measurement range due to the limitation of design and structure, and can only cover a lower wavelength range and cannot directly detect linearly polarized light, which often requires replacement of different elements and photodetectors for measurement, and has the technical problems of low detection efficiency and high cost. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION
[0004] The present application provides a spectrometer to solve the technical problems of the existing spectrometer that cannot directly detect linearly polarized light, resulting in low detection efficiency and high cost.
[0005] To solve the above technical problems, one technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a spectrometer, comprising:
[0006] A light emitting element for emitting light;
[0007] A diaphragm arranged on the propagation path of the light emitted by the light emitting element, for limiting the width of the light emitted by the light emitting element and passing through the diaphragm;
[0008] A light splitting element arranged on the propagation path of the light irradiated through the diaphragm, for dispersing the light irradiated through the diaphragm into light of multiple wavelengths;
[0009] A polarization element arranged on the propagation path of the light dispersed by the light splitting element, for performing polarization processing on the light dispersed by the light splitting element;
[0010] A photodetector arranged on the propagation path of the light irradiated through the polarization element, for receiving the light irradiated through the polarization element and converting the light into an electrical signal.
[0011] As an implementation form, the polarizing element comprises an absorbing polarizer, a thin film polarizer or a wire grid polarizer; and / or,
[0012] The light splitting element comprises a prism or a grating.
[0013] As an implementation form, the spectrometer further comprises a focusing element, which is arranged on the propagation path of the light dispersed by the light splitting element, and is used to converge the light onto the polarizing element.
[0014] As an implementation form, the focusing element comprises at least one lens and / or at least one mirror.
[0015] As an implementation form, the light emitting element comprises a xenon lamp or a halogen lamp.
[0016] As an implementation form, the photodetector further comprises a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode and a photosensitive layer.
[0017] At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is arranged on the substrate.
[0018] The photosensitive layer is arranged on the substrate and is connected between the first electrode and the second electrode, and is used to absorb light signals and form electron-hole pairs, the first electrode and the second electrode are used to form an electric field with the photosensitive layer, the electric field is used to separate the electron-hole pairs into electrons and holes and make one of the electrons and holes migrate to the first electrode and the other migrate to the second electrode.
[0019] As an implementation form, the photosensitive layer comprises a lead sulfide quantum dot film or a lead sulfide nanowire film; and / or,
[0020] The photodetector further comprises a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer, one of the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer is arranged between the first electrode and the quantum dot film, and the other is arranged between the second electrode and the quantum dot film, the hole transport layer is used to transport the holes, and the electron transport layer is used to transport the electrons to accelerate the separation of the electron-hole pairs.
[0021] As an implementation form, the spectrometer further comprises a collimating element, which is arranged on the propagation path of the light emitted by the diaphragm, is located between the diaphragm and the light splitting element, and is used to adjust the light passing through the diaphragm into parallel light.
[0022] As an implementation form, the collimating element comprises a single lens or a single mirror.
[0023] As an implementation form, the photoelectric detector comprises a single-point photoelectric detector or a linear array photoelectric detector or a planar array photoelectric detector; and / or,
[0024] The spectrometer further comprises a controller configured to receive and analyze the electrical signal output by the photoelectric detector.
[0025] The spectrometer provided in the present application filters the light into linearly polarized light by arranging the polarizing element between the light splitting element and the photoelectric detector, and then converts the linearly polarized light into an electrical signal by the photoelectric detector to realize the detection of the linearly polarized light by the spectrometer. The polarizing element is arranged on the propagation path of the light dispersed by the light splitting element, and the light has been dispersed by the light splitting element. At this time, the polarization adjustment is performed on the light of a specific wavelength, which can reduce the light loss and the influence of the non-linearly polarized light on the photoelectric detector, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. Among them:
[0027] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a spectrometer provided by the embodiment of the present application;
[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a spectrometer provided by the embodiment of the present application using a single-point photoelectric detector;
[0029] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a spectrometer provided by the embodiment of the present application using a linear array photoelectric detector;
[0030] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a spectrometer provided by the embodiment of the present application using a planar array photoelectric detector.
[0031] Explanation of reference signs: 100, light emitting element; 200, diaphragm; 300, collimating element; 400, light splitting element; 500, focusing element; 600, polarizing element; 700, photoelectric detector; 710, single-point photoelectric detector; 720, linear array photoelectric detector; 730, planar array photoelectric detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] With reference to the drawings and embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of the present application.
[0033] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present application involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.
[0034] In addition, if the embodiments of the present application involve descriptions such as “first”, “second”, etc., the descriptions of “first”, “second”, etc. are only for description purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by “first”, “second” can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that a person skilled in the art can realize it, and when the combination of technical solutions contradicts each other or cannot be realized, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present application.
[0035] Please refer to Figures 1-4 As shown in the drawings, the present application provides a spectrometer, which comprises a light emitting element 100, a diaphragm 200, a light splitting element 400, a polarization element 600 and a photoelectric detector 700.
[0036] The light emitting element 100 is used to emit light for providing incident light for the spectrometer.
[0037] The diaphragm 200 is arranged on the propagation path of the light emitted by the light emitting element 100, and the diaphragm 200 is used to limit the width of the light emitted by the light emitting element 100 and passing through the diaphragm 200. The diaphragm 200 is used to limit the width of the light emitted by the light emitting element 100 and passing through the diaphragm 200, so as to control the resolution of the spectrum.
[0038] The light splitting element 400 is arranged on the propagation path of the light irradiated by the diaphragm 200, and is used to disperse the light irradiated by the diaphragm 200 into light of multiple wavelengths. The light splitting element 400 disperses the light irradiated by the diaphragm 200 into multiple beams according to wavelengths in space, so as to form a spectrum.
[0039] The polarization element 600 is arranged on the propagation path of the light dispersed by the light dispersion element 400, and is configured to polarize the light dispersed by the light dispersion element 400. The polarization element 600 can transmit linearly polarized light of a specific direction in the light dispersed by the light dispersion element 400, so as to convert the light dispersed by the light dispersion element 400 into linearly polarized light, and make the linearly polarized light irradiate on the photodetector 700, so as to realize accurate detection of the linearly polarized light, and further extract the polarization information of the light.
[0040] By arranging the polarization element 600 on the propagation path of the light dispersed by the light dispersion element 400, since the light has been dispersed by the light dispersion element 400, the polarization element 600 can adjust the polarization of the light of a specific wavelength, so as to reduce light loss and improve signal-to-noise ratio. Meanwhile, since the light has been dispersed by the light dispersion element 400, the polarization element 600 can effectively filter out non-target light, reduce the influence of non-target light on the photodetector, and further improve the measurement accuracy.
[0041] As an implementation, the polarization element 600 includes an absorbing polarizer, a thin film polarizer, or a wire grid polarizer, and is configured to transmit linearly polarized light of a specific direction, so as to polarize the light.
[0042] The photodetector 700 is arranged on the propagation path of the light irradiated by the polarization element 600, and is configured to receive the light irradiated by the polarization element 600 and convert the light into an electrical signal, so as to generate a spectrum or a spectrum curve by the electrical signal generated by the photodetector 700.
[0043] As an implementation, the light dispersion element 400 includes a prism or a grating, and the grating has a dispersion range of 200 nm-400 nm and adopts a blazed grating or a reflection grating to reduce the loss of optical power. The grating uses a multi-slit diffraction principle to decompose light into a spectrum, and is a planar glass or metal sheet with a large number of parallel and equal-width slits. The diffraction of parallel light through each slit of the grating and the interference between the slits make different wavelengths of spectral lines appear at different positions to form a spectrum.
[0044] As an implementation, the spectrometer further includes a focusing element 500 arranged on the propagation path of the light dispersed by the light dispersion element 400, and the focusing element 500 is configured to converge the light on the polarization element 600, so as to improve the polarization efficiency of the polarization element 600.
[0045] As an implementation, the focusing element 500 includes at least one lens, and the light dispersed by the light splitting element 400 is focused on the polarization element 600 by the at least one lens, so that the polarization element 600 receives the light and performs polarization processing on the light. In the above technical solution, the at least one lens is used as the focusing element 500 to focus the light. Of course, in specific applications, as an alternative implementation, the focusing element 500 includes at least one mirror, and the light dispersed by the light splitting element 400 is focused on the polarization element 600 by the at least one mirror, so that the polarization element performs polarization processing on the light.
[0046] As an implementation, the light emitting element 100 includes a xenon lamp or a halogen lamp. Compared with a conventional light source, the xenon lamp or the halogen lamp can excite a wider range of light spectrum and higher light intensity output, so that the light spectrum formed by the subsequent light splitting element 400 obtains clearer signals and higher signal-to-noise ratio.
[0047] As an implementation, the photodetector 700 further includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photosensitive layer.
[0048] At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is arranged on the substrate, and the first electrode and the second electrode are used to form an electric field with the photosensitive layer. The electric field helps to convert the light into electron-hole pairs, so as to improve the efficiency of the photodetector 700 in converting the light into an electric signal.
[0049] The photosensitive layer is arranged on the substrate and connected between the first electrode and the second electrode. The photosensitive layer is used to absorb light signals and form electron-hole pairs. When the light irradiates the photosensitive layer, the electrons will jump from the valence band to the conduction band to generate electron-hole pairs. The first electrode and the second electrode are used to form an electric field with the photosensitive layer. The electric field is used to separate the electron-hole pairs into electrons and holes, and one of the electrons and the holes migrates to the first electrode, and the other migrates to the second electrode, so as to form a current to realize photoelectric conversion.
[0050] In the above solution, the photodetector 700 includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photosensitive layer. Of course, in specific applications, as an alternative implementation, the quantum dot photodetector 700 further includes a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer on the basis of the above solution.
[0051] One of the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer is arranged between the first electrode and the photosensitive layer, and the other is arranged between the second electrode and the photosensitive layer. The hole transport layer is used for transporting holes, i.e. positive charge carriers, to promote the separation of the electron-hole pairs, and the electron transport layer is used for transporting electrons to accelerate the separation of the electron-hole pairs. When the light irradiates the photosensitive layer, the photosensitive layer generates electron-hole pairs, the hole transport layer is used for maintaining the electric field and promoting the separation of the electron-hole pairs and transporting the holes, and the electron transport layer is used for maintaining the electric field and promoting the separation of the electron-hole pairs and transporting the electrons, while the electron transport layer effectively prevents the holes from flowing to the electron transport layer, and the hole transport layer effectively blocks the electrons from flowing to the hole transport layer, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photodetector 700.
[0052] As an embodiment, the photosensitive layer comprises a lead sulfide quantum dot film, wherein the lead sulfide quantum dot film has periodically arranged lead sulfide quantum dots with a size in the range of 10 nm to 100 nm. The lead sulfide quantum dot film is formed by the periodic arrangement of the lead sulfide quantum dots, so that the intensity of light absorbed by the lead sulfide quantum dot film is related to the polarization direction of the light, resulting in different absorption coefficients of the linearly polarized light with different polarization directions for the lead sulfide quantum dot film, and further generating different photocurrent signals. Therefore, the lead sulfide quantum dot film can synergistically act on the light with a specific polarization direction, thereby enhancing or weakening the light in this direction, and correspondingly enhancing or weakening the generated current to realize the photodetector 700, so that the spectrometer can be used to detect linearly polarized light.
[0053] In the above scheme, the photosensitive layer comprises a lead sulfide quantum dot film. In a specific application, as an alternative embodiment, the photosensitive layer comprises a lead sulfide nanowire film, wherein the lead sulfide nanowire film has directionally arranged lead sulfide nanowires with a size in the range of 100 nm to 500 nm, and the lead sulfide nanowire film is formed by the directionally arranged lead sulfide nanowires. The intensity of light absorbed by the lead sulfide nanowire film is related to the polarization direction of the light, resulting in different absorption coefficients of the linearly polarized light with different polarization directions for the lead sulfide nanowire film, and further generating different photocurrent signals. Therefore, the lead sulfide nanowire film can synergistically act on the light with a specific polarization direction, thereby enhancing or weakening the light in this direction, and correspondingly enhancing or weakening the generated current to realize the photodetector 700, so that the spectrometer can be used to detect linearly polarized light.
[0054] As an embodiment, the spectrometer further comprises a collimating element 300 arranged on the propagation path of the light irradiated by the diaphragm 200, and the collimating element 300 is located between the diaphragm 200 and the light splitting element 400. The collimating element 300 is used to adjust the light passing through the diaphragm 200 into parallel light, so as to facilitate the light splitting processing of the light by the light splitting element 400.
[0055] As an implementation, the collimating element 300 includes a single mirror, which reflects the light rays as parallel light rays so as to facilitate the light splitting of the light splitting element 400.
[0056] As an implementation, the photodetector 700 includes a single-point photodetector 710, which has the effect of fast response speed, high sensitivity and low cost, and can realize the lowest cost spectral response.
[0057] In the above scheme, the photodetector 700 includes a single-point photodetector 710, and of course, in specific applications, as an alternative implementation, the photodetector 700 includes a linear array photodetector 720, which can achieve more precise spectral detection than the single-point photodetector 710.
[0058] Of course, in specific applications, as an alternative implementation, the photodetector 700 can also use a planar array photodetector 730. The planar array photodetector 730 can be applied to imaging processing compared with the single-point photodetector 710 and the linear array photodetector 720.
[0059] As an implementation, the spectrometer further includes a controller, which is used to receive and analyze the electrical signal emitted by the photodetector 700, so as to extract the light intensity information and generate a spectrum graph or a spectrum curve according to the processed data.
[0060] The spectrometer in the embodiment of the present application emits light rays through the light emitting element 100, the light rays irradiate the diaphragm 200 and limit the width of the light rays through the diaphragm 200, thereby controlling the resolution of the spectrum, the light rays irradiate the collimating element 300 after passing through the diaphragm 200, the collimating element 300 adjusts the light beam as parallel light rays so as to facilitate subsequent processing of the light rays, the light splitting element 400 disperses the light rays adjusted by the collimating element 300 into light rays of multiple wavelengths to form a spectrum, the focusing element 500 focuses the light rays dispersed by the light splitting element 400 onto the polarizing element, the polarizing element polarizes the target linearly polarized light in the light rays dispersed by the light splitting element 400, and irradiates the processed light rays onto the photodetector 700, the photodetector 700 converts the light rays into electron-hole pairs through the lead sulfide quantum dot film or the lead sulfide quantum rod film, generates an electric current by separating the electron-hole pairs, thereby converting the light signal into an electrical signal, and identifies the electrical signal through the controller, thereby extracting the light intensity information of the linearly polarized light, and generating a spectrum graph or a spectrum curve according to the processed data.
[0061] To sum up, the spectrometer of the present application filters the light into linearly polarized light by arranging the polarizing element 600 between the light splitting element 400 and the photoelectric detector 700, and then converts the linearly polarized light into an electric signal by the photoelectric detector 700 to realize the detection of the linearly polarized light by the spectrometer. The polarizing element is arranged on the propagation path of the light dispersed by the light splitting element 400, and the light has been dispersed by the light splitting element 400. At this time, the polarization adjustment is performed on the light of a specific wavelength, which can reduce the light loss and the influence of the nonlinearly polarized light on the photoelectric detector 700, thereby improving the measurement accuracy.
[0062] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, which do not limit the protection scope of the present application, and therefore: any equivalent changes made on the structure, shape, principle of the present application shall be covered within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A spectrometer, characterized in that, include: A light-emitting element (100) for emitting light; Aperture (200) is provided on the propagation path of the light emitted by the light-emitting element (100), and the aperture (200) is used to limit the width of the light emitted by the light-emitting element (100) and passing through the aperture (200); A beam splitter (400) is disposed on the propagation path of the light emitted through the aperture (200) and is used to disperse the light emitted through the aperture (200) into multiple wavelengths. A polarizing element (600) is disposed on the propagation path of the light rays dispersed by the beam splitter (400) and is used to polarize the light rays dispersed by the beam splitter (400). A photodetector (700) is disposed on the propagation path of the light emitted by the polarizing element (600). The photodetector (700) is used to receive linearly polarized light formed by the polarization processing of the polarizing element (600) and convert the linearly polarized light into an electrical signal.
2. The spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polarizing element (600) includes an absorbing polarizer, a thin-film polarizer, or a wire grid polarizer; and / or, The beam splitter (400) includes a prism or a grating.
3. The spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spectrometer also includes a focusing element (500), which is disposed on the propagation path of the light rays dispersed by the beam splitting element (400). The focusing element (500) is used to converge the light rays onto the polarizing element (600).
4. The spectrometer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The focusing element (500) includes at least one lens and / or at least one reflector.
5. The spectrometer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-emitting element (100) includes a xenon lamp or a halogen lamp.
6. The spectrometer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The photodetector (700) also includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a photosensitive layer; At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is disposed on the substrate; The photosensitive layer is disposed on the substrate and connected between the first electrode and the second electrode. The photosensitive layer is used to absorb light signals and form electron-hole pairs. The first electrode and the second electrode are used to form an electric field with the photosensitive layer. The electric field is used to separate the electron-hole pairs into electrons and holes and cause one of the electrons and holes to migrate to the first electrode and the other to migrate to the second electrode.
7. The spectrometer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The photosensitive layer comprises a lead sulfide quantum dot film or a lead sulfide nanowire film; and / or The photodetector (700) further includes a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer. One of the hole transport layer and the electron transport layer is disposed between the first electrode and the quantum dot film, and the other is disposed between the second electrode and the quantum dot film. The hole transport layer is used to transport the holes, and the electron transport layer is used to transport the electrons to accelerate the separation of the electron-hole pairs.
8. The spectrometer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The spectrometer further includes a collimating element (300), which is disposed on the propagation path of the light emitted from the aperture (200). The collimating element (300) is located between the aperture (200) and the beam splitter (400), and is used to adjust the light passing through the aperture (200) into parallel light.
9. The spectrometer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The collimating element (300) includes a single lens or a single reflector.
10. The spectrometer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The photodetector (700) includes a single-point photodetector (710), a linear array photodetector (720), or a planar array photodetector (730); and / or, The spectrometer also includes a controller for receiving and analyzing electrical signals emitted by the photodetector (700).