Energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an energy storage device, and the device comprises a housing which comprises a first accommodation cavity and is provided with a ventilation hole communicated with the first accommodation cavity; the battery cell module is arranged in the first accommodating cavity; the detection assembly is used for acquiring a first signal, and the first signal is an early warning signal representing that the battery cell module is in a thermal runaway state; the opening and closing assembly comprises a gate and a driving part, the gate is movably arranged on the shell, and the power output end of the driving part is in transmission connection with the gate; wherein the detection assembly is electrically connected with the driving part, under the condition that the detection assembly obtains a first signal, the driving part drives the gate to move relative to the shell to reach a first state of closing the ventilation hole so as to prevent external air from entering the first accommodating cavity from the ventilation hole, and the gate can be driven to shield the ventilation hole when the battery cell module is in a thermal runaway state; and open fire or burning explosion caused by contact between external air and combustible gas is avoided, so that the safety of the energy storage device is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power supply equipment, and in particular to an energy storage device. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of society, the use of energy storage devices is becoming more and more popular, and the safety requirements of energy storage devices are also increasing. The energy storage device will cause the temperature of the local area to rise due to heat, especially in the case of dense battery arrangement, uneven temperature distribution is easy to cause the local area of the battery module to bear higher temperature, thereby increasing the risk of thermal runaway and the possibility of accidents, and causing the battery life to decline. In order to avoid safety accidents such as battery overheating and explosion, it is necessary to design a heat dissipation structure for the energy storage device.

[0003] In related technologies, the existing energy storage device adopts a design of opening a vent hole in the shell to dissipate heat, but when the battery valve is opened and the combustible gas is released due to thermal runaway, the design of opening the heat dissipation vent hole makes the external air easy to contact with the combustible gas, which is easy to trigger a fire or explosion that is difficult to extinguish when the circuit is ignited. CONTENT OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0004] The present application provides an energy storage device to solve the technical problem that the existing energy storage device opens a heat dissipation vent hole design after the battery valve is opened and the combustible gas is released due to thermal runaway, which makes the external air easy to contact with the combustible gas, which is easy to trigger a fire or explosion that is difficult to extinguish when the circuit is ignited.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy storage device, comprising:

[0006] a shell, the shell comprising a first accommodating cavity, and a vent hole being provided on the shell and being in communication with the first accommodating cavity;

[0007] a battery module, disposed in the first accommodating cavity;

[0008] a detection assembly, configured to obtain a first signal, the first signal being a pre-warning signal representing that the battery module is in a thermal runaway state;

[0009] an opening and closing assembly, comprising a gate and a driving member, the gate being movably arranged on the shell, and the driving member being in transmission connection with the gate at a power output end;

[0010] The detection assembly is electrically connected with the driving member, and when the detection assembly obtains the first signal, the driving member drives the gate to move relative to the shell to reach a first state of closing the vent hole, so as to block the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity through the vent hole.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the driving member is capable of driving the shutter to move relative to the shell to a second state in which the shutter is open, and in the second state, a normal projection of the shutter on a vertical plane does not overlap with a normal projection of the air vent on the vertical plane.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the shutter comprises a roller shutter and a first rotating shaft, and the driving member comprises a first motor, a power output end of the first motor being connected with the first rotating shaft, the roller shutter being arranged around the first rotating shaft, a first end of the roller shutter being connected with the first rotating shaft, and a second end of the roller shutter being slidably connected with the shell.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a sliding groove is arranged on the shell, and the second end of the roller shutter is slidably connected with the sliding groove, a length direction of the sliding groove being arranged in parallel with a height direction of the shell, or a length direction of the sliding groove being arranged in parallel with a width direction of the shell.

[0014] In a possible implementation, two first rotating shafts are arranged in parallel, and two roller shutters are arranged, sliding directions of the second ends of the two roller shutters being arranged in opposite directions.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the shutter comprises a frame and a blade rotatably arranged on the frame, and the driving member comprises a second motor, a driving gear, a first rack and a second rack, the driving gear being in transmission connection with the second motor, the first rack being slidably connected with the frame, and the second rack being slidably connected with the frame; the driving gear is in meshing connection with the first rack, and the driving gear is in meshing connection with the second rack; one end of the blade is provided with a driven gear, the driven gear is in meshing connection with the first rack, and the driven gear is in meshing connection with the second rack.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the detection assembly comprises a gas detector, the gas detector being configured to detect a volume fraction of hydrogen in air in the first accommodating cavity, and the gas detector is configured to send a first signal to the driving member when the volume fraction of hydrogen in the air in the first accommodating cavity is greater than a preset volume fraction.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the detection assembly comprises a pressure detector, the pressure detector being configured to detect a pressure of the first accommodating cavity, and the pressure detector is configured to send a first signal to the driving member when the pressure of the first accommodating cavity is greater than a preset pressure.

[0018] In a possible implementation, the detection assembly comprises a temperature detector, the temperature detector being configured to detect a temperature of the battery cell module, and the temperature detector is configured to send a first signal to the driving member when the temperature of the battery cell module is greater than a preset temperature and a temperature rising speed of the battery cell module is greater than a preset temperature rising speed.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the detection component further includes a voltage detector configured to detect a voltage of the battery cell module, and configured to send a first signal to the driving member when the temperature of the battery cell module is greater than a preset temperature, the temperature rising speed of the battery cell module is greater than a preset temperature rising speed, and the voltage falling speed of the battery cell module is greater than a preset voltage falling speed.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages:

[0021] The energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present application is characterized in that, in a normal working state of the battery cell module, external air can enter the first accommodating cavity of the shell through the ventilation hole, and the heat generated by the battery cell module is taken away through heat exchange, so that the heat dissipation of the battery cell module is realized, and accidents such as explosion caused by excessive local temperature of the battery cell module are avoided. The gate is in the first state, that is, the gate is in the unfolded state relative to the shell, or the gate is in the closed state relative to the ventilation hole, as long as the normal projection of the gate on the vertical plane can shield the ventilation hole. If the battery cell module is in a thermal runaway state, a large amount of flammable gas will be generated in the battery cell module during the thermal runaway process. When the detection component obtains the first signal, the detection component sends the first signal to the driving member, so as to control the driving member to drive the gate to move relative to the shell, so that the gate reaches the first state of closing the ventilation hole, thereby shielding the ventilation hole and blocking the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity through the ventilation hole, so as to avoid the contact between the external air and the flammable gas to generate a fire or an explosion, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0024] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the drawings corresponding thereto, and these exemplary illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements, unless otherwise specified. The drawings in the drawings do not constitute a proportional limitation.

[0025] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided by one of the embodiments of the present application is shown, in which the gate is in the second state;

[0026] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of an energy storage device provided by one of the embodiments of the present application is shown, in which the gate is in the second state;Figure 1 A perspective view of the energy storage device, with the shutter in the first state;

[0027] Figure 3 For Figure 1 A structural exploded view of the shutter assembly of the energy storage device is shown.

[0028] Figure 4 A structural view of the energy storage device is provided for another embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 5 For Figure 4 A partial structural view of the shutter assembly of the energy storage device is shown, with the frame not shown.

[0030] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] 1, housing; 11, first accommodating cavity; 12, ventilation hole; 13, sliding groove; 14, second accommodating cavity; 2, battery cell module; 3, detection assembly; 4, opening and closing assembly; 41, shutter; 411, rolling shutter; 412, first rotating shaft; 413, frame; 4131, horizontal frame body; 4132, vertical frame body; 414, blade; 42, driving member; 421, first motor; 422, second motor; 423, driving gear; 424, first rack; 425, second rack; 426, driven gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments, or examples, for implementing different structures of the present application. For the purpose of simplifying the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present application. In addition, the present application can repeatedly refer to numbers and / or letters in different examples. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0034] For the convenience of description, spatial relative terms can be used herein to describe the relative position relationship or movement condition of one element or feature relative to another element or feature as shown in the drawings, such as "inner", "outer", "inboard", "outboard", "under", "below", "on", "above", "front", "back", etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawings is turned over or the posture is changed or the movement state is changed, the directional indications will also change accordingly, for example: the element described as "under" or "below" another element or feature will be oriented as "above" or "above" another element or feature. Therefore, the example term "below" can include both the upper and lower positions. The device can be additionally oriented (rotated by 90 degrees or in other directions) and the spatial relative relationship descriptors used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0035] To solve the technical problem that the existing energy storage device is easy to contact with external air after the valve of the battery cell is opened and the combustible gas is released in thermal runaway, and the open vent hole design is easy to trigger a difficult-to-extinguish open fire or explosion after the circuit is ignited, the present application provides an energy storage device which can drive the gate to shield the vent hole when the battery cell module is in a thermal runaway state, block the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity through the vent hole, avoid the contact between the external air and the combustible gas to produce an open fire or explosion, and thus improve the safety of the energy storage device.

[0036] Figure 1 The energy storage device provided by the present application comprises a shell 1, a battery cell module 2, a detection assembly 3 and an opening and closing assembly 4. The shell 1 comprises a first accommodating cavity 11, and the shell 1 is provided with a vent hole 12 communicating with the first accommodating cavity 11. The battery cell module 2 is arranged in the first accommodating cavity 11. The detection assembly 3 is used to obtain a first signal, which is a pre-warning signal indicating that the battery cell module 2 is in a thermal runaway state. The opening and closing assembly 4 comprises a gate 41 and a driving member 42. The gate 41 is movably arranged on the shell 1, and the power output end of the driving member 42 is in transmission connection with the gate 41. The detection assembly 3 is used to obtain a first signal, which is a pre-warning signal indicating that the battery cell module 2 is in a thermal runaway state. The opening and closing assembly 4 comprises a gate 41 and a driving member 42. The gate 41 is movably arranged on the shell 1, and the power output end of the driving member 42 is in transmission connection with the gate 41. The detection assembly 3 is electrically connected with the driving member 42. When the detection assembly 3 obtains the first signal, the driving member 42 drives the gate 41 to move relative to the shell 1 to reach a first state of closing the vent hole 12, so as to block the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity 11 through the vent hole 12.

[0037] Exemplarily, the shell 1 can be a cuboid composed of a plurality of plates, and the plurality of plates surround to form the first accommodating cavity 11.

[0038] Exemplarily, the shape of the vent hole 12 can be square, circular, or the like, and the vent hole 12 can be provided with a plurality of vent holes 12, which can be arranged in a rectangular array or a ring array, and the present application does not make specific limitations thereto.

[0039] It can be understood that, in the normal working state of the battery cell module 2, external air can enter the first accommodating cavity 11 of the shell 1 through the vent hole 12, and the heat generated by the battery cell module 2 is taken away through heat exchange, so as to achieve heat dissipation of the battery cell module 2, and avoid local temperature of the battery cell module 2 being too high to cause explosion and the like. The gate 41 is in the first state, which means that the gate 41 is in an unfolded state relative to the shell 1, or the gate 41 is in a closed state relative to the vent hole 12, as long as the normal projection of the gate 41 on the vertical plane can shield the vent hole 12. If the battery cell module 2 is in a thermal runaway state, a large amount of flammable gas will be generated in the process of the thermal runaway of the battery cell module 2, the detection assembly 3 obtains the first signal, and the detection assembly 3 sends the first signal to the driving member 42 to control the driving member 42 to drive the gate 41 to move relative to the shell 1, so that the gate 41 reaches the first state of closing the vent hole 12, thereby shielding the vent hole 12 and blocking the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity 11 through the vent hole 12, so as to avoid the external air contacting the flammable gas to produce a fire or an explosion, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0040] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 the driving member 42 can drive the gate 41 to move relative to the shell 1 to reach the second state of opening the vent hole 12, and in the second state, the normal projection of the gate 41 on the vertical plane does not overlap with the normal projection of the vent hole 12 on the vertical plane. It should be noted that the movement of the gate 41 relative to the shell 1 can be sliding of the gate 41 relative to the shell 1, or rotating of the gate 41 relative to the shell 1; the gate 41 is in the second state, which means that the gate 41 is in a rolled-up state or the gate 41 is in an unfolded state, as long as the normal projection of the gate 41 on the vertical plane does not overlap with the normal projection of the vent hole 12 on the vertical plane. It can be understood that, in the normal working state of the battery cell module 2, the gate 41 is in the second state, and since the normal projection of the gate 41 on the vertical plane does not overlap with the normal projection of the vent hole 12 on the vertical plane, that is, the external air can enter the first accommodating cavity 11 of the shell 1 through the vent hole 12, and the heat generated by the battery cell module 2 is taken away through heat exchange, so as to achieve heat dissipation of the battery cell module 2, and avoid local temperature of the battery cell module 2 being too high to cause explosion and the like.

[0041] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3As shown, the gate 41 includes a roller shutter door 411 and a first rotating shaft 412. The driving component 42 is a first motor 421, the power output end of which is connected to the first rotating shaft 412. The roller shutter door 411 is wound around the first rotating shaft 412, with its first end connected to the first rotating shaft 412 and its second end slidably connected to the outer casing 1. It should be noted that the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 412 can be parallel to the width direction of the outer casing 1 (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it can also be arranged parallel to the height direction of the outer casing 1. For ease of explanation and understanding, for example, the height direction of the outer casing 1 can be the Z direction shown in the figure, the width direction of the outer casing 1 can be the X direction shown in the figure, the two sides of the height direction of the outer casing 1 are up and down respectively, and the two sides of the width direction of the outer casing 1 are front and back respectively.

[0042] In one example, the axis of the first rotating shaft 412 can be parallel to the width direction of the outer casing 1. It is understood that if the battery module 2 is in a thermal runaway state, it will generate a large amount of flammable gas during the thermal runaway process. The detection component 3 acquires the first signal and sends it to the first motor 421, controlling the first motor 421 to drive the first rotating shaft 412 to rotate clockwise around its own axis. This causes the second end of the roller shutter door 411 to slide away from the first rotating shaft 412 along the height direction of the outer casing 1, allowing the roller shutter door 411 to reach the first state, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the roller shutter door 411 is in the unfolded state relative to the outer casing 1, thereby blocking the ventilation hole 12 and preventing external air from entering the first accommodating cavity 11 through the ventilation hole 12. This prevents external air from coming into contact with flammable gas and generating an open flame or explosion, thus improving the safety of the energy storage device. If the battery module 2 is in normal working condition, the first motor 421 drives the first rotating shaft 412 to rotate counterclockwise around its own axis, thereby causing the second end of the roller shutter door 411 to slide along the height direction of the outer casing 1 close to the first rotating shaft 412, so that the roller shutter door 411 is in the second state, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the roller shutter door 411 is in a retracted state relative to the outer shell 1. Since the orthographic projection of the shutter door 41 on the vertical plane and the orthographic projection of the ventilation hole 12 on the vertical plane do not overlap, that is to say, external air can enter the first accommodating cavity 11 of the outer shell 1 through the ventilation hole 12, and carry away the heat generated by the battery cell module 2 through heat exchange, thereby achieving heat dissipation of the battery cell module 2 and avoiding accidents such as deflagration caused by local overheating of the battery cell module 2.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown in the drawings, the shell 1 is provided with a sliding groove 13, the length direction of the sliding groove 13 is parallel to the height direction of the shell 1; or, the length direction of the sliding groove 13 is parallel to the width direction of the shell 1. The second end of the roller shutter door 411 is slidably connected with the sliding groove 13, so that the roller shutter door 411 can reciprocally move on the sliding groove 13.

[0044] In one example, as shown in the drawings, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the drawings, the length direction of the sliding groove 13 is parallel to the height direction of the shell 1, so that the second end of the roller shutter door 411 can slide up and down, so that the roller shutter door 411 switches between the first state and the second state, the second end of the roller shutter door 411 can slide along the Z direction relative to the shell 1, so as to reach the first state of closing the air vent 12, at this time, the roller shutter door 411 is in an unfolded state relative to the shell 1, further, one end of the sliding groove 13 extends to abut the inner side wall of the top end of the shell 1, the second end of the roller shutter door 411 can slide to abut the inner side wall of the top end of the shell 1, so that the internal space of the shell 1 forms a relatively closed space, thereby blocking the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity 11 from the air vent 12, avoiding the external air from contacting the combustible gas to produce an open flame or explosion; the second end of the roller shutter door 411 can also slide along the reverse direction of the Z direction relative to the shell 1, so as to reach the second state of opening the air vent 12, at this time, the roller shutter door 411 is in a rolled state relative to the shell 1, the external air can enter the first accommodating cavity 11 of the shell 1 through the air vent 12, and the heat generated by the battery cell module 2 is taken away through heat exchange, so as to achieve heat dissipation of the battery cell module 2.

[0045] In another example, the length direction of the sliding groove 13 is parallel to the width direction of the shell 1, so that the second end of the roller shutter door 411 can slide forward and backward, so that the roller shutter door 411 switches between the first state and the second state, specifically, the second end of the roller shutter door 411 can slide along the X direction relative to the shell 1, so as to reach the first state of closing the air vent 12; the second end of the roller shutter door 411 can also slide along the reverse direction of the X direction relative to the shell 1, so as to reach the second state of opening the air vent 12, the technical effects obtained are referred to the foregoing embodiments, which will not be described herein.

[0046] In one embodiment, as shown in the drawings, Figure 3 The inner side wall of the shell 1 is provided with a second accommodating cavity 14, the driving member 42 is arranged in the second accommodating cavity 14, and the shutter 41 is in the first state, and the roller shutter door 411 is accommodated in the second accommodating cavity 14. By arranging the second accommodating cavity 14, the roller shutter door 411 can be accommodated in the second accommodating cavity 14, thereby saving the arrangement space of the opening and closing assembly 4 in the first accommodating cavity 11, so as to provide more arrangement space for the battery cell module 2, and make the structure of the energy storage device more compact.

[0047] In one embodiment, as shown in the drawings,Figure 1 As shown, the first rotating shaft 412 is provided with two, and the two first rotating shafts 412 are provided adjacently; the roller shutter door 411 is provided with two, and the sliding directions of the second ends of the two roller shutter doors 411 are provided oppositely. The first motor 421 is provided with two, and the two first motors 421 are connected with the first rotating shaft 412 one by one, and the two first motors 421 drive the first rotating shaft 412 to rotate respectively, so as to drive the second end of one of the roller shutter doors 411 to slide upward and the second end of the other roller shutter door 411 to slide downward, so as to shield the air vent 12. In this way, the external air can be isolated from entering the first containing cavity 11 from the air vent 12, and the external air is prevented from contacting the combustible gas to produce a naked fire or explosion, and the safety of the energy storage device is further improved.

[0048] In one embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the shutter 41 can be provided in a louver structure, the shutter 41 includes a frame 413 and a blade 414 rotatably arranged on the frame 413, and the driving member 42 includes a second motor 422, a driving gear 423, a first rack 424 and a second rack 425, the driving gear 423 is in transmission connection with the second motor 422, the first rack 424 is in sliding connection with the frame 413, and the second rack 425 is in sliding connection with the frame 413; the driving gear 423 is in meshing connection with the first rack 424, and the driving gear 423 is in meshing connection with the second rack 425; one end of the blade 414 is provided with a driven gear 426, the driven gear 426 is in meshing connection with the first rack 424, and the driven gear 426 is in meshing connection with the second rack 425.

[0049] Exemplarily, the frame 413 can include a transverse frame body 4131 and a vertical frame body 4132 connected in sequence, the length direction of the transverse frame body 4131 is parallel to the width direction of the shell 1, the length direction of the vertical frame body 4132 is parallel to the height direction of the shell 1, and the transverse frame body 4131 and the vertical frame body 4132 are connected in sequence to form a square frame 413. The blade 414 is provided with a plurality of blades 414, the plurality of blades 414 are parallel to each other, and the length direction of the blade 414 is parallel to the height direction of the shell 1. The length direction of the first rack 424 and the second rack 425 is parallel to the width direction of the shell 1, and the axis direction of the driving gear 423 is parallel to the length direction of the blade 414. It can be understood that if the battery cell module 2 is in a thermal runaway state, a large amount of flammable gas will be generated in the battery cell module 2 during the thermal runaway process, the detection assembly 3 acquires the first signal, the detection assembly 3 sends the first signal to the second motor 422, controls the second motor 422 to drive the driving gear 423 to rotate around its own axis direction, the first rack 424 moves upward relative to the frame, the second rack 425 moves downward relative to the frame, drives the driven gear 426 and the blade 414 to rotate in the first direction, and the first direction can be Figure 5The R shown in the middle is used to make the blade 414 reach the closed state, and the shutter 41 reaches the first state, at which time the outermost blade 414 can abut against the vertical frame 4132, thereby shielding the air vent 12 and blocking the external air from entering the first containing cavity 11 from the air vent 12, avoiding the external air from contacting the combustible gas to produce an open flame or explosion, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device. If the battery cell module 2 is in a normal working state, the second motor 422 drives the driving gear 423 to rotate around its own axis direction, the first rack 424 moves downward relative to the frame, the second rack 425 moves upward relative to the frame, and the driven gear 426 and the blade 414 are driven to rotate in the opposite direction of the first direction, so that the blade 414 reaches the open state, and the shutter 41 reaches the first state. Since the orthogonal projection of the blade 414 and the frame on the vertical plane does not overlap with the orthogonal projection of the air vent 12 on the vertical plane, that is, the external air can enter the first containing cavity 11 of the shell 1 through the air vent 12, and the heat exchange can take away the heat generated by the battery cell module 2, thereby achieving heat dissipation of the battery cell module 2 and avoiding local high temperature of the battery cell module 2 to cause explosion and other accidents.

[0050] In one embodiment, the detection assembly 3 includes a gas detector for detecting the volume fraction of hydrogen in the air of the first containing cavity 11. If the volume fraction of hydrogen in the air of the first containing cavity 11 is greater than a preset volume fraction, the gas detector sends a first signal to the driving member 42.

[0051] It should be noted that a large amount of combustible gas will be generated during the thermal runaway process of the battery cell module 2, and H2 accounts for about 30% of the released gas and is not affected by the air composition, and is more suitable as a warning gas for battery thermal runaway. It is found through simulation that within 3s after the opening of the battery explosion-proof valve, H2 is mainly concentrated in the area of the battery cell module 2, and diffuses to the external area of the battery cell module 2 with air cooling circulation, and diffuses to the entire energy storage battery cabin within 120s. Therefore, the gas detector is used to detect the volume fraction of hydrogen in the air in the present embodiment, which can directly represent that the battery cell module 2 enters a thermal runaway state. For example, the preset volume fraction can be set to 1% VOL, and when the volume fraction of hydrogen is greater than 1% VOL, it represents that the battery cell module 2 enters a thermal runaway state, and the gas detector sends a first signal to the driving member 42, and the driving member 42 drives the shutter 41 to move relative to the shell 1, so that the shutter 41 reaches the first state of closing the air vent 12, thereby shielding the air vent 12 and blocking the external air from entering the first containing cavity 11 from the air vent 12, avoiding the external air from contacting the combustible gas to produce an open flame or explosion, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0052] In one embodiment, the detection assembly 3 comprises a pressure detector for detecting the pressure of the first accommodating cavity 11, and the pressure detector sends a first signal to the driving member 42 when the pressure P of the first accommodating cavity 11 is greater than a preset pressure Pm.

[0053] It should be noted that a large amount of flammable gas will be generated in the thermal runaway process of the battery cell module 2, and therefore, the change in air environmental pressure can also be used as a warning signal. In this embodiment, the preset pressure can be set to 1.5 times the rated pressure, and the pressure detector sends a first signal to the driving member 42 when P>Pm, and the driving member 42 drives the shutter 41 to move relative to the shell 1 so that the shutter 41 reaches the first state of closing the vent hole 12, thereby shielding the vent hole 12 and blocking the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity 11 through the vent hole 12, avoiding the contact between the external air and the flammable gas to generate an open flame or explosion, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0054] In one embodiment, the detection assembly 3 comprises a temperature detector for detecting the temperature of the battery cell module 2, and the temperature detector sends a first signal to the driving member 42 when the temperature T of the battery cell module 2 is greater than a preset temperature Tm and the temperature rise speed of the battery cell module 2 is greater than a preset temperature rise speed. It should be noted that the heat generated by the battery cell module 2 mainly comes from the internal electrochemical reaction, which is reflected in the change of the surface temperature through the heat transfer relationship of the battery body, and therefore, the temperature and temperature rise change of the battery cell module 2 can also be used as a warning signal. In this embodiment, Tm can be set to 90℃, and the temperature detector sends a first signal to the driving member 42 when T>90℃ and the temperature rise speed is greater than 1℃ / s, and the driving member 42 drives the shutter 41 to move relative to the shell 1 so that the shutter 41 reaches the first state of closing the vent hole 12, thereby shielding the vent hole 12 and blocking the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity 11 through the vent hole 12, avoiding the contact between the external air and the flammable gas to generate an open flame or explosion, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0055] In one embodiment, the detection assembly 3 comprises a temperature detector and a voltage detector, the voltage detector is used to detect the voltage of the battery cell module 2, when the temperature of the battery cell module 2 is greater than a preset temperature, the temperature rising speed of the battery cell module 2 is greater than a preset temperature rising speed, and the voltage falling speed of the battery cell module 2 is greater than a preset voltage falling speed, the detection assembly 3 sends a first signal to the driving member 42. In this embodiment, when T>90℃, the temperature rising speed>1℃ / s, and the voltage falling speed of the battery cell module 2>0.1V / s, the detection assembly 3 sends a first signal to the driving member 42, the driving member 42 drives the shutter 41 to move relative to the shell 1, so that the shutter 41 reaches the first state of closing the air vent 12, thereby shielding the air vent 12, blocking the external air from entering the first accommodating cavity 11 from the air vent 12, avoiding the external air from contacting the flammable gas to produce a bright fire or explosion, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device. By simultaneously monitoring the temperature and voltage of the battery cell module 2, the warning accuracy of thermal runaway can be improved.

[0056] Although the terms first, second, third, and the like can be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can be only used to differentiate one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first", "second" and the like, and other ordinal terms, when used in the text, do not imply an order or sequence. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.

[0057] The above description is merely that of a specific implementation of the present application, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized by, The application relates to a battery pack, which comprises the following parts: a shell, which comprises a first accommodating cavity, and a ventilation hole communicating with the first accommodating cavity is arranged on the shell; a battery cell module arranged in the first accommodating cavity; a detection assembly for acquiring a first signal, which is a pre-warning signal representing that the battery cell module is in a thermal runaway state; an opening and closing assembly, which comprises a gate and a driving member, the gate is movably arranged on the shell, and a power output end of the driving member is in transmission connection with the gate; wherein the detection assembly is electrically connected with the driving member, and when the detection assembly acquires the first signal, the driving member drives the gate to move relative to the shell to reach a first state of closing the ventilation hole, so as to block external air from entering the first accommodating cavity through the ventilation hole.

2. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The driving member can drive the gate to move relative to the shell to reach a second state of opening the ventilation hole, and in the second state, the normal projection of the gate on a vertical plane does not overlap with the normal projection of the ventilation hole on the vertical plane.

3. The energy storage device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The gate comprises a roller shutter door and a first rotating shaft, the driving member comprises a first motor, a power output end of the first motor is connected with the first rotating shaft, the roller shutter door is arranged around the first rotating shaft, a first end of the roller shutter door is connected with the first rotating shaft, and a second end of the roller shutter door is in sliding connection with the shell.

4. The energy storage device of claim 3, wherein, A sliding groove is arranged on the shell, the second end of the roller shutter door is in sliding connection with the sliding groove, and the length direction of the sliding groove is arranged in parallel with the height direction of the shell or the width direction of the shell.

5. The energy storage device of claim 3, wherein, The first rotating shaft is provided with two first rotating shafts arranged adjacently, and the roller shutter door is provided with two roller shutter doors, and the sliding directions of the second ends of the two roller shutter doors are arranged oppositely.

6. The energy storage device of claim 1 or 2, wherein, The gate comprises a frame and a blade rotatingly arranged on the frame, the driving member comprises a second motor, a driving gear, a first rack and a second rack, the driving gear is in transmission connection with the second motor, the first rack is in sliding connection with the frame, and the second rack is in sliding connection with the frame; the driving gear is in meshing connection with the first rack and the second rack, one end of the blade is provided with a driven gear, the driven gear is in meshing connection with the first rack, and the driven gear is in meshing connection with the second rack.

7. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The detection assembly comprises a gas detector, the gas detector is used for detecting the volume fraction of hydrogen in the air in the first accommodating cavity, and when the volume fraction of hydrogen in the air in the first accommodating cavity is greater than a preset volume fraction, the gas detector sends the first signal to the driving member.

8. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The detection assembly comprises a pressure detector, the pressure detector is used for detecting the pressure of the first accommodating cavity, and when the pressure of the first accommodating cavity is greater than a preset pressure, the pressure detector sends the first signal to the driving member.

9. The energy storage device of claim 1, wherein, The detection assembly comprises a temperature detector configured to detect the temperature of the battery cell module, and configured to send the first signal to the driving member when the temperature of the battery cell module is greater than a preset temperature and a temperature rising speed of the battery cell module is greater than a preset temperature rising speed.

10. The energy storage device of claim 9, wherein, The detection assembly further comprises a voltage detector configured to detect the voltage of the battery cell module, and configured to send the first signal to the driving member when the temperature of the battery cell module is greater than a preset temperature, the temperature rising speed of the battery cell module is greater than a preset temperature rising speed, and a voltage dropping speed of the battery cell module is greater than a preset voltage dropping speed.

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