High-pressure damping type tunnel temporary supporting device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses a high-pressure damping type tunnel temporary supporting device which comprises a supporting frame, the shape of the supporting frame is the same as that of the section of a tunnel, and the supporting frame comprises a vault plate and an inverted arch plate. The two ends of the arch crown plate and the two ends of the inverted arch plate are connected into a whole through two high-pressure damping telescopic rods of the same structure. Due to the structure, the deformation amount is reserved, and the supporting capacity and the supporting safety are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to tunnel construction technical field, provide a kind of high-pressure damping type tunnel temporary support device with reserved deformation, improve supporting capacity and supporting safety. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, mountain tunnel excavation support is mainly based on the thought of new Austrian tunneling method, and the core content of its support theory is "to make full use of the bearing capacity of surrounding rock". In this theory, the initial lining of the tunnel needs to provide certain support for the tunnel surrounding rock in the initial support period while allowing it to deform, and provide stable support for the tunnel surrounding rock when the deformation of the surrounding rock reaches the optimal support opportunity deformation position.

[0003] The existing temporary support device aims to improve its safety, stability and convenience of disassembly and assembly, such as the tunnel support lighting temporary assembly disclosed in publication No. CN220955651U, the hydraulic stable fixing device disclosed in publication No. CN218563683U, and the temporary support assembly type rod device disclosed in publication No. CN216406846U, which cannot provide initial support, intermediate deformation and late stable support capacity for the initial lining support of the tunnel, and is difficult to cope with the support requirements of small deformation range and large late stable support force in the tunnel excavation process under poor geological conditions. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] Therefore, the utility model aims to provide a high-pressure damping type tunnel temporary support device with reserved deformation, improved supporting capacity and supporting safety.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a high-pressure damping type tunnel temporary support device, which comprises a support frame, the shape of the support frame is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, and the support frame comprises a vault plate and an inverted arch plate, the two end portions of the vault plate are connected to the two end portions of the inverted arch plate by two structurally identical high-pressure damping telescopic rods respectively.

[0007] The high-pressure damping telescopic rod comprises a high-pressure damping cylinder, a piston in the high-pressure damping cylinder, and a sealing assembly between the high-pressure damping cylinder and the piston; the high-pressure damping cylinder comprises a hydraulic chamber, a cavity, and a sliding sleeve in the inner cavity of the high-pressure damping cylinder, the inner diameter of the cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve, and the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the hydraulic chamber; the piston comprises an end resistance, the outer diameter of the end resistance matches the inner diameter of the cavity, a piston rod and a sliding rod are arranged on two disc surfaces of the end resistance respectively, a compression spring is sleeved on the piston rod, the compression spring and the piston rod are located in the hydraulic chamber, and two ends of the compression spring are tightly abutted against the bottom of the hydraulic chamber and the disc surface of the end resistance respectively; and the inner diameter of the sliding rod matches the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve.

[0008] The bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the end of the inverted arch plate, and the top of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the end of the vault plate.

[0009] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the adhesion between the support frame and the temporary support surface and the temporary assembly of the support frame according to the use requirement, in the above scheme, further, two ends of the vault plate are respectively provided with an arch shoulder plate which is integrated with the vault plate, two ends of the inverted arch plate are respectively provided with an arch foot plate which is integrated with the inverted arch plate, and the arch foot plate and the arch shoulder plate are connected to be integrated through the side wall plate; the vault plate, the inverted arch plate, the arch shoulder plate, the arch foot plate and the side wall plate are integrally enclosed to form the support frame.

[0010] The vault plate and the arch shoulder plate, the arch shoulder plate and the side wall plate, the side wall plate and the arch foot plate, and the arch foot plate and the inverted arch plate are connected to be integrated through the pin shaft or the bolt.

[0011] The high-pressure damping telescopic rod is located between the arch shoulder plate and the side wall plate, the top of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the lower end of the arch shoulder plate, and the bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper end of the side wall plate.

[0012] In order to facilitate the installation of the high-pressure damping telescopic rod, in the above scheme, further, the top of the sliding rod is provided with a connecting lug b which is integrated with the sliding rod, the bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder is provided with a connecting lug a which is integrated with the high-pressure damping cylinder, and the connecting lug a is fixedly connected with the upper end of the side wall plate.

[0013] The high-pressure damping telescopic rod is located between the arch shoulder plate and the side wall plate, the top of the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the lower end of the arch shoulder plate, and the bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder is fixedly connected with the upper end of the side wall plate.

[0014] Under the action of the initial compression density of the hydraulic oil and the initial compression length of the compression spring, the initial weak support form of the support frame is "high and thin", and after the main deformation of the support frame is completed, the stable strong support form of the support frame in the case of slight deformation is "short and fat", which is matched with the main deformation form of the surrounding rock after the tunnel is excavated, so that the device has strong adaptability to the deformation of the tunnel, that is, has a reserved deformation amount.

[0015] When the device is deformed, the ideal stress mode is that the main stress positions are all at the geometric centers of the components, and the connecting members only play a role in deformation coordination, which is consistent with the stress analysis result of the conventional tunnel support structure, so that the device maximally plays the supporting capacity of the steel structure, that is, improves the supporting capacity.

[0016] The controllable initial rigidity, initial bearing capacity, main deformation capacity, slight deformation capacity and final stable strong supporting force are consistent with the supporting capacity required by the NATM supporting theory, provide accurate deformation control and required stable supporting force for the tunnel supporting in poor geological conditions, and can play a role in the self-stability of the surrounding rock in the tunnel excavation and supporting process to a greater extent.

[0017] Further improvement is that, since the stable strong supporting mode can be adjusted according to the supporting requirement, although the device is a temporary supporting device for the initial lining of the tunnel, when the tunnel supporting in poor geological conditions is performed, the device can be left in place to serve as a secondary lining supporting device according to the integrated design of the initial lining and the secondary lining, so that a continuous supporting curve with high stable supporting strength is formed, the safety of the tunnel supporting in low-quality geological conditions is improved, that is, the safety of the supporting is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the utility model more clear, the following will make a preferred detailed description to the utility model combined with the drawings, in which:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the high-pressure damping telescopic rod of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic view of the high-pressure damping cylinder body of the high-pressure damping telescopic rod of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic view of the piston of the high-pressure damping telescopic rod of the utility model;

[0023] The reference signs: A, support frame; 1, vault plate; 2, inverted arch plate; 3, high-pressure damping telescopic rod; 4, high-pressure damping cylinder body; 5, piston; 6, arch shoulder plate; 7, arch foot plate; 8, side wall plate; 401, connecting lug a; 402, hydraulic chamber; 403, cavity; 404, sliding sleeve; 501, end resistance; 502, piston rod; 503, sliding rod; 504, connecting lug b; 505, compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The utility model makes further explanation in combination with specific implementation. Among them, the drawing is only for example explanation, and the representation is only schematic diagram, and cannot be understood as the limitation to this patent; in order to better illustrate the embodiment of the utility model, some components of the drawing can be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and the size of actual product is not represented; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their description in the drawing can be omitted.

[0025] In the description of the utility model, it needs to be explained that the orientation or position relation indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like is based on the orientation or position relation shown in the drawing, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the device or element indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings.

[0026] As shown in Figures 1-4 The utility model provides a high pressure damping formula tunnel temporary support device, wherein: including support frame A, the shape of support frame A is same with the cross section shape of tunnel, support frame A includes vault plate 1 and inverted arch plate 2, two end parts of vault plate 1 and two end parts of inverted arch plate 2 are connected as an organic whole through two structurally identical high pressure damping telescopic rod 3 respectively,

[0027] High pressure damping telescopic rod 3 includes high pressure damping cylinder body 4, piston 5 in high pressure damping cylinder body 4, sealing assembly between high pressure damping cylinder body 4 and piston 5;High pressure damping cylinder body 4 includes hydraulic chamber 402, cavity 403 and sliding sleeve 404 in the inner chamber of high pressure damping cylinder body 4, the inner diameter of cavity 403 is greater than the inner diameter of sliding sleeve 404, and the inner diameter of sliding sleeve 404 is greater than the inner diameter of hydraulic chamber 402;Piston 5 includes end resistance 501, the outer diameter of end resistance 501 matches the inner diameter of cavity 403, piston rod 502 and sliding rod 503 respectively arranged on the two disc surfaces of end resistance 501, compression spring 505 sleeved on piston rod 502, compression spring 505 and piston rod 502 are located in hydraulic chamber 402, and the two ends of compression spring 505 are tightly abutted on the bottom of hydraulic chamber 402 and the disc surface of end resistance 501 respectively;The inner diameter of sliding rod 503 matches the inner diameter of sliding sleeve 404;

[0028] The bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder 4 is fixed to the end of the inverted arch plate 2, and the top of the slide rod 503 is fixed to the end of the vault plate 1. In this embodiment, hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic chamber 402 and the cavity 403 during use. The compression spring 505 is used to provide the initial load-carrying capacity and deformation damping of the slide rod 503 of the piston 5. In this embodiment, the end resistance 501 includes an oil port, an oil discharge port, and a sealing assembly for controlling the inflow and outflow rate of hydraulic oil while preventing the hydraulic rod from falling off. The set value of the inflow and outflow rate can be adjusted and designed. The oil port, oil discharge port, and sealing assembly are not shown in the drawings and are conventional commercially available products.

[0029] To facilitate the adjustment of the fit between the support frame A and the temporary support surface and to make the temporary assembly of the support frame A convenient according to the needs of use, in the above-mentioned scheme, further: the two ends of the vault plate 1 are respectively provided with arch shoulder plates 6 which are integral with them, and the two ends of the inverted arch plate 2 are respectively provided with arch foot plates 7 which are integral with them, and the arch foot plates 7 and the arch shoulder plates 6 are connected to form an integral body through the side wall plates 8; the vault plate 1, the inverted arch plate 2, the arch shoulder plates 6, the arch foot plates 7, and the side wall plates 8 form an integral body to enclose the support frame A;

[0030] The vault plate 1 and the arch shoulder plate 6, the arch shoulder plate 6 and the side wall plate 8, the side wall plate 8 and the arch foot plate 7, and the arch foot plate 7 and the inverted arch plate 2 are connected to form an integral body through a pin shaft or a bolt;

[0031] The high-pressure damping telescopic rod 3 is located between the arch shoulder plate 6 and the side wall plate 8, the top of the slide rod 503 is fixed to the lower end of the arch shoulder plate 6, and the bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder 4 is fixed to the upper end of the side wall plate 8. In this embodiment, the optimal connection method between the vault plate 1 and the arch shoulder plate 6, the arch shoulder plate 6 and the side wall plate 8, the side wall plate 8 and the arch foot plate 7, and the arch foot plate 7 and the inverted arch plate 2 is to connect them to form an integral body through an L-shaped bolt.

[0032] To facilitate the installation of the high-pressure damping telescopic rod 3, in the above-mentioned embodiments, preferably: the top of the slide rod 503 is provided with a connecting lug b504 which is integral with it, the connecting lug b504 is fixed to the lower end of the arch shoulder plate 6, the bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder 4 is provided with a connecting lug a401 which is integral with it, and the connecting lug a401 is fixed to the upper end of the side wall plate 8. In specific implementation, connecting shafts are welded on the connecting lug a401 and the connecting lug b504, and the lower end of the arch shoulder plate 6 and the upper end of the side wall plate 8 are both provided with through grooves. The through groove at the arch shoulder plate 6 penetrates the top plate surface and the bottom plate surface of the arch shoulder plate 6, and the connecting shafts on the connecting lug b504 are welded at the through groove at the arch shoulder plate 6. The through groove at the side wall plate 8 penetrates the top plate surface and the bottom plate surface of the side wall plate 8.

[0033] In all the above-mentioned embodiments, the relevant components are conventional products sold on the market.

[0034] The design initial position of the device in the above embodiment is the tunnel surrounding rock excavation contour, the space between the bottom of the piston rod 502 and the bottom of the hydraulic chamber 402 is the initial volume of the hydraulic oil when the device is in the design initial position, and the normal pressure hydraulic oil volume required for the design system pressure can be calculated according to the system pressure calculation formula of the design hydraulic oil, and for simple design calculation, it can be converted into the hydraulic oil density at the initial volume; the distance between the bottom of the end resistance 501 and the bottom of the cavity 403 is the initial length of the compression spring 505, and the initial compression length can be calculated according to the initial working load and spring stiffness of the designed compression spring 505. The mechanical design of the design hydraulic oil and the design compression spring 505 is a series design, and the design basis of the mechanical design is the size of the deformation damping force required in the tunnel support design.

[0035] The damping force required by the tunnel support in the micro-deformation stage is designed according to the support stiffness of the rigid support material in the general engineering, and the damping device provided in the embodiment is the pin or pin shaft in the high-pressure damping telescopic rod 3, which provides rotational damping through friction, and the friction is generated by the contact surface between the pin or pin shaft and the pin hole, which is adjusted by changing the roughness and applying a pre-tightening force. Further, according to the design requirements, the damping hinge can be equipped with a hydraulic damper when necessary to change it into a high-pressure damping hinge, which provides rotational damping through hydraulic damping force, and the hydraulic damping force is realized by adjusting the hydraulic oil pressure and the piston area of the hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic oil and the control valve of the high-pressure damping hinge.

[0036] The position at which the device in the above embodiment forms a high-strength stable support is the tunnel surrounding rock reserved deformation amount design position, the support force design value of the high-strength stable support is calculated according to the new Austrian tunnel excavation initial lining support requirement, and the support force of the high-strength stable support is provided by the articulated steel arch stable frame structure formed by the crown plate 1, the haunch plate 6, the side wall plate 8, the spring plate 7, the inverted arch plate 2, the various pins or pin shafts and the high-pressure damping telescopic rod 3 which only acts as a hinged rod after completing compression deformation. The main content of the structure design of the articulated steel arch is the bending resistance design of the crown plate 1, the haunch plate 6, the side wall plate 8, the spring plate 7 and the inverted arch plate 2, and the bending resistance design includes the steel arch material attribute design, the steel arch section form design and the steel arch section size design. The steel arch is actually the support frame A with the same cross-sectional shape as the tunnel in the present scheme.

[0037] The device described in the above embodiment can be used for integrated design of initial lining and secondary lining when coping with the precise support demand of low-quality geological conditions. When only the initial lining design is performed, the design content of the embodiment includes initial position design of the outer surface of the support frame A, high-strength stable support position design of the outer surface of the support frame A. When the integrated design of initial lining and secondary lining is performed, the design content includes initial position design of the outer surface of the support frame A, high-strength stable support position design of the outer surface of the support frame A, and high-strength stable support position design of the inner surface of the support frame A. The high-strength stable support position design of the inner surface of the support frame A is that the support force design value of high-strength stable support is calculated according to the initial lining support demand of the new Austrian tunnel excavation, the ultimate bearing capacity of high-strength stable support is calculated according to the secondary lining support demand of the new Austrian tunnel excavation, the interface expansion of the support frame A caused by the inner surface design is not the main deformation structure before the formation of high-strength stable support, but the influence of the self-weight in the initial bearing capacity design is considered.

[0038] The use process of the scheme is: when supporting the tunnel, the inverted arch plate 2 is placed at the support position, the arch foot plate 7 is installed at the support position by using the bolt, the side wall plate 8 and the arch shoulder plate 6 are connected by the high-pressure damping telescopic rod 3 through the welding method, the side wall plate 8, the arch shoulder plate 6 and the arch top plate 1 are installed at the cross-section position by using the bolt, at this time, the hinge angle at the bolt position between the inverted arch plate 2 and the arch foot plate 7 protrudes inward, the hinge angle is extruded to the surrounding rock by using the jack, the high-pressure damping telescopic rod 3 is compressed to the specified position, at this time, the entire support frame A forms a stable arched support structure and provides the designed initial bearing capacity for the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0039] Finally, it should be pointed out that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model and are not limited. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the utility model can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, and all should be covered in the claim range of the utility model.

Claims

1. A high pressure damped tunnel temporary support device, characterized in that: The support frame (A) comprises a vault plate (1) and a inverted arch plate (2), both ends of the vault plate (1) are connected with both ends of the inverted arch plate (2) through two high-pressure damping telescopic rods (3) with the same structure; The high-pressure damping telescopic rod (3) comprises a high-pressure damping cylinder (4), a piston (5) in the high-pressure damping cylinder (4), and a sealing assembly between the high-pressure damping cylinder (4) and the piston (5); The high-pressure damping cylinder (4) comprises a hydraulic chamber (402), a cavity (403) and a sliding sleeve (404) in the inner cavity of the high-pressure damping cylinder (4), the inner diameter of the cavity (403) is larger than the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (404), and the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (404) is larger than the inner diameter of the hydraulic chamber (402); The piston (5) comprises an end resistance (501) with an outer diameter matched with the inner diameter of the cavity (403), a piston rod (502) and a sliding rod (503) arranged on two disc surfaces of the end resistance (501) respectively, and a compression spring (505) sleeved on the piston rod (502), the compression spring (505) and the piston rod (502) are located in the hydraulic chamber (402), and the two ends of the compression spring (505) are tightly abutted against the bottom of the hydraulic chamber (402) and the disc surface of the end resistance (501) respectively; and the inner diameter of the sliding rod (503) is matched with the inner diameter of the sliding sleeve (404). The bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder (4) is fixedly connected with the end of the inverted arch plate (2), and the top of the sliding rod (503) is fixedly connected with the end of the vault plate (1).

2. The high pressure damped tunnel temporary support device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the vault plate (1) are provided with spandrel plates (6) integrally formed thereon, both ends of the inverted arch plate (2) are provided with spring plates (7) integrally formed thereon, and the spring plates (7) and the spandrel plates (6) are connected by side wall plates (8); the vault plate (1), the inverted arch plate (2), the spandrel plates (6), the spring plates (7) and the side wall plates (8) are integrally enclosed to form the support frame (A); The vault plate (1) and the spandrel plate (6), the spandrel plate (6) and the side wall plate (8), the side wall plate (8) and the spring plate (7), and the spring plate (7) and the inverted arch plate (2) are connected by pin shafts or bolts; The high-pressure damping telescopic rod (3) is located between the spandrel plate (6) and the side wall plate (8), the top of the sliding rod (503) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spandrel plate (6), and the bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder (4) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the side wall plate (8).

3. The high pressure damped tunnel temporary support device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the sliding rod (503) is provided with a connecting lug b (504) integrally formed thereon, the connecting lug b (504) is fixedly connected with the lower end of the spandrel plate (6), the bottom of the high-pressure damping cylinder (4) is provided with a connecting lug a (401) integrally formed thereon, and the connecting lug a (401) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the side wall plate (8).

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