Automatic temperature adjustment and heat dissipation device for storage battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of thermal management equipment of a storage battery pack, in particular to an automatic temperature regulation and heat dissipation device for a storage battery, which comprises a heat dissipation component, a heat dissipation component, a heat dissipation component and a heat dissipation component, and a composite protection layer formed by a ceramic silica gel shell, a basalt fiber felt layer and an aluminum alloy shell is sequentially arranged on the outer side of the heat dissipation component; the electrode penetrates through the ceramic silica gel shell and extends into the shell; through the arrangement of the return cavity shell, the dual-redundancy pressure-adjustable one-way valve, the differential pressure valve, the storage cavity, the Venturi tube, the siphon and other components, the dual-redundancy pressure-adjustable one-way valve and the differential pressure valve are matched with each other, so that the dual-redundancy pressure-adjustable one-way valve can control the pressure abnormity through a set blasting threshold value, and the explosion safety is improved. And the differential pressure valve is communicated with the storage cavity according to pressure change. Therefore, the device can adjust the pressure of the operating environment of the storage battery through the adjusting assembly and effectively deal with the abnormal temperature condition.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery pack thermal management devices, in particular to a battery temperature automatic regulation and heat dissipation device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern energy storage and conversion systems, batteries as core components are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage power stations, uninterruptible power supplies (UPS) and many other fields. With the development of technology, the requirements for battery performance and stability are increasingly stringent, and temperature control becomes a key factor. A large amount of heat is generated during the charging and discharging process of the battery, and if it cannot be dissipated in time and effectively, the high temperature will accelerate the evaporation of the electrolyte and the aging of the electrode, significantly reducing the battery capacity and cycle life. According to research, when the battery temperature exceeds 40℃, its cycle life may be shortened by 20%~30%, and the charging and discharging efficiency is reduced by 10%~15%. In addition, in extreme environments such as high temperature fire or low temperature cold, the battery also faces safety hazards such as fire and explosion.

[0003] Through retrieval, Chinese patent publication No. CN111934048B discloses an automatic cooling and heat dissipation device for lithium ion battery pack, especially relates to the field of high specific energy and high rate unmanned aerial vehicle power supply. A plurality of temperature sensors are arranged in the battery pack, and the temperature sensors collect the internal temperature of the lithium ion battery pack; the control system processes the temperature data collected by the temperature sensors, and when the internal temperature of the battery pack is higher than a certain value, the phase change material acts as a heat sink for the heat flow meter, and the latent heat of the phase change material continuously absorbs the heat received by the heat flow meter. The internal heat of the battery pack, the control system controls the opening and speed of the fan, and accelerates the flow of air in the battery pack, and then adjusts the direction of the fan to maximize the flow of air through the heat dissipation window to take the heat to the external environment; when the internal temperature of the battery pack is lower than a certain value, the control system controls the fan to be closed, so that the temperature of the battery pack is maintained at a stable temperature set under high rate working conditions, and the efficient operation of the battery pack is realized.

[0004] For the related technology in the above, the inventors found that the following defects exist: the above device relies on the latent heat of the phase change material to absorb heat, but the heat absorption capacity of the phase change material is limited, and it is easy to saturate and fail under continuous high rate discharge conditions, resulting in that the heat dissipation system cannot maintain long-term effectiveness. In addition, the fan cooling relies on external power supply, and there is a risk of heat dissipation interruption when the power system fails. The single-point temperature sensor is used to monitor the internal temperature of the battery pack, which cannot capture the local hot spots or complex temperature field distribution in real time, resulting in delay of the control system adjustment and difficulty in rapid response to dynamic thermal runaway risk. Practical new type content

[0005] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, the present application provides a battery temperature automatic regulation and heat dissipation device.

[0006] The application provides a battery temperature automatic regulating and heat dissipation device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] To sum up, the application has the following beneficial technical effects: the battery temperature automatic regulating and heat dissipation device comprises a heat dissipation assembly, a ceramic silica gel shell, a basalt fiber felt layer and an aluminum alloy shell forming a composite protective layer arranged in sequence on the outer side of the heat dissipation assembly, an electrode penetrating through the ceramic silica gel shell and extending to the inside of the shell, and a regulating assembly mechanically connected with the heat dissipation assembly through first and second positioning holes.

[0008] Through the above scheme, the multi-layer composite protective structure is combined with a distributed sensing network to realize active thermal protection and real-time stress monitoring of the battery in an extreme environment, and the fire resistance of the protective layer is improved by more than 40%.

[0009] Optionally, in the composite protective layer, the thickness of the basalt fiber felt layer is 2-5 mm and the oxygen index is greater than or equal to 35%; and the surface of the aluminum alloy shell is provided with a honeycomb-shaped heat dissipation groove, and the groove depth is 1.2-1.8 mm.

[0010] Through the above scheme, the basalt fiber layer forms a dense carbonized layer at high temperature, and cooperates with the honeycomb structure aluminum alloy shell, so that the overall heat dissipation efficiency is improved by 25%-30%, and the oxygen index ensures the self-extinguishing property of the material.

[0011] Optionally, the regulating assembly comprises a back cavity shell, a double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve, a pressure difference valve, a reserve cavity, a Venturi tube and a siphon pipe; the burst threshold of the double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve is 1.5-2.5 MPa, and a self-cleaning anti-crystallization coating layer is arranged on the surface of the valve body; the pressure difference valve is in communication with the reserve cavity through a magnetic driving mode, and the triggering sensitivity is ±0.05 kPa.

[0012] Through the above scheme, the double-redundancy valve system cooperates with the magnetic drive pressure difference control to realize millisecond-level pressure regulation response, and the self-cleaning coating layer prolongs the service life of the equipment by more than 3 times.

[0013] Optionally, the ratio of the throat diameter to the inlet diameter of the Venturi tube is 1:3, and the inner wall is provided with a spiral flow guide pattern; the siphon pipe is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the distal end extends to 5-10 mm of the bottom of the reserve cavity.

[0014] Through the above scheme, the optimized Venturi structure improves the fluid velocity by 40%, the spiral flow guide design reduces the turbulent loss, the polytetrafluoroethylene siphon pipe ensures the chemical stability, and the medium extraction efficiency reaches 98%.

[0015] Optionally, the first and second positioning holes are diagonally distributed, and the hole diameter tolerance is controlled to H7 level accuracy.

[0016] Through the above scheme, H7 level precision positioning is matched with high frequency sensing system, realizes that component installation error is <00.02 mm, and pressure fluctuation detection resolution reaches 0.1 kPa, meets the demand of dynamic working condition monitoring.

[0017] Optionally, the reserve cavity is provided with a porous ceramic slow-release core body, the porosity is 60% to 70%, and the distance from the porous ceramic slow-release core body to the inlet of the Venturi tube is 15-20 mm; the top of the return cavity shell is provided with a spiral cooling pipe, the pipe wall thickness is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the pitch is 12-15 mm.

[0018] Through the above scheme, the porous ceramic structure makes the cooling rate controllable, and the spiral pipe is used to strengthen heat dissipation, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the system is improved by 35%, and the temperature gradient control precision is ±1℃.

[0019] Optionally, the ceramic conversion time of the ceramic silica gel shell at 800 DEG C high temperature is less than or equal to 3 minutes, and the surface hardness after conversion reaches Mohs 6 level; the basalt fiber felt layer and the aluminum alloy shell are connected by explosion welding process, and the bonding strength is greater than or equal to 150 MPa.

[0020] Through the above scheme, the high-temperature barrier layer is constructed by the rapid conversion characteristics of the ceramic, the shear strength of the explosion welding interface is 2 times higher than that of the traditional process, and the overall structure remains intact and sealed under thermal shock.

[0021] 1. The utility model discloses a return cavity shell, double-redundancy pressure-adjustable check valve, pressure difference valve, reserve cavity, Venturi tube and siphon pipe are set up through the component, and the mutual cooperation between double-redundancy pressure-adjustable check valve and pressure difference valve makes double-redundancy pressure-adjustable check valve can control pressure anomaly through the set burst threshold, and pressure difference valve is connected with reserve cavity according to pressure change. Further, the device can adjust the running environment pressure of the storage battery through the adjusting assembly, and effectively responds to the temperature abnormal condition. ACCURACY

[0022] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is the local structure schematic diagram in the embodiment of the application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is the local structure schematic diagram of the adjusting assembly in the embodiment of the application;

[0025] Figure 4 It is the main body structure schematic diagram of the heat dissipation assembly in the embodiment of the application;

[0026] Fig. 1: heat dissipation assembly; 101: ceramic silica gel shell; 103: basalt fiber felt; 104: aluminum alloy shell; 105: first positioning hole; 106: second positioning hole; 2: electrode; 3: adjusting assembly; 301: return cavity shell; 302: double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve; 303: differential pressure valve; 304: reserve cavity; 305: venturi tube; 306: siphon tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings Figures 1-4 The application is further described in detail.

[0028] The application discloses a battery temperature automatic adjusting and heat dissipation device.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 The battery temperature automatic adjusting and heat dissipation device comprises a heat dissipation assembly 1, an electrode 2 and an adjusting assembly 3.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 In the composite protective layer, the thickness of the basalt fiber felt layer 103 is 2-5 mm and the oxygen index is ≥ 35%; the surface of the aluminum alloy shell 104 is provided with honeycomb-shaped heat dissipation grooves, and the groove depth is 1.2-1.8 mm.

[0031] The adjusting assembly 3 comprises a return cavity shell 301, a double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve 302, a differential pressure valve 303, a reserve cavity 304, a venturi tube 305 and a siphon tube 306; the burst threshold of the double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve 302 is 1.5-2.5 MPa, and the surface of the valve body is provided with a self-cleaning anti-crystallization coating; the differential pressure valve 303 is in communication with the reserve cavity 304 through a magnetic driving mode, and the trigger sensitivity is ± 0.05 kPa.

[0032] The ratio of the throat diameter to the inlet diameter of the venturi tube 305 is 1:3, and the inner wall is provided with spiral flow guide lines; the siphon tube 306 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the distal end extends to 5-10 mm of the bottom of the reserve cavity 304.

[0033] The first positioning hole 105 and the second positioning hole 106 are diagonally distributed, and the hole diameter tolerance is controlled at H7 level precision;

[0034] The reserve cavity 304 is provided with a porous ceramic slow-release core body, the porosity is 60%-70%, and the distance between the porous ceramic slow-release core body and the inlet of the venturi tube 305 is 15-20 mm; the top of the return cavity shell 301 is provided with a spiral cooling pipe, the pipe wall thickness is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the pitch is 12-15 mm.

[0035] The ceramic conversion time of the ceramicized silica gel shell 101 at a high temperature of 800 DEG C is less than or equal to 3 minutes, and the surface hardness after conversion reaches Mohs 6 level; the basalt fiber felt layer 103 and the aluminum alloy shell 104 are connected by explosion welding process, and the bonding strength is greater than or equal to 150 MPa.

[0036] It needs to be further explained that: the heat dissipation assembly 1 adopts a multi-layer composite protection structure, and the outer layer is ceramicized silica gel shell 101, basalt fiber felt 103 and aluminum alloy shell 104 in turn. The ceramicized silica gel shell 101 can be quickly converted into a ceramic layer (800 DEG C, less than or equal to 3 minutes) at high temperature, providing fireproof and flame retardant functions and reaching Mohs 6 hardness; the basalt fiber felt 103 (thickness 2-5 mm, oxygen index greater than or equal to 35%) has heat insulation and corrosion resistance characteristics; the honeycomb-shaped heat dissipation groove (depth 1.2-1.8 mm) on the surface of the aluminum alloy shell 104 improves the heat dissipation efficiency by increasing the surface area, the electrode 2 penetrates the ceramicized silica gel shell 101 and extends to the inside to provide an electrical connection channel for the battery, and the adjusting assembly 3 is mechanically connected with the heat dissipation assembly 1 through the first positioning hole 105 and the second positioning hole 106, forming a structural support and realizing integrated installation of the pressure regulating system.

[0037] The adjusting assembly 3 is composed of a return cavity shell 301, a double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve 302, a differential pressure valve 303, a storage cavity 304, a Venturi tube 305 and a siphon tube 306. The double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve 302 is provided with a 1.5-2.5 MPa burst threshold, and the self-cleaning anti-crystallization coating on the surface of the valve body can prevent medium blockage, and the pressure is released by burst when the pressure is abnormal; the differential pressure valve 303 is communicated with the storage cavity 304 by magnetic drive, the trigger sensitivity is ±0.05 kPa, and the small pressure change is responded in real time; the ratio of the throat diameter to the inlet diameter of the Venturi tube 305 is 1:3, the spiral guide lines on the inner wall enhance the fluid mixing effect, and the siphon tube 306 made of polytetrafluoroethylene material (the end extends to the bottom of the storage cavity 304 by 5-10 mm) can efficiently extract the cooling liquid in the storage cavity 304; the storage cavity 304 is provided with a porous ceramic slow-release core body (porosity 60%-70%) inside, which is kept at a distance of 15-20 mm from the inlet of the Venturi tube 305, and the cooling liquid release rate is controlled by the slow-release structure; the spiral cooling pipe (wall thickness 0.8-1.2 mm, pitch 12-15 mm) at the top of the return cavity shell 301 reduces the temperature of the circulating medium by using the heat exchange principle; the whole adjusting assembly 3 realizes the double regulation of temperature and pressure of the battery operating environment through the closed loop control of pressure monitoring-release-circulation.

[0038] The implementation principle of the battery temperature automatic regulating and heat dissipation device of the embodiment is as follows:

[0039] Firstly, the pressure anomaly signal triggers the double-redundant adjustable pressure one-way valve 302: when the pressure ≥ 1.5 MPa, the primary valve body opens to release the redundant pressure; when the pressure reaches 2.5 MPa, the secondary valve body opens synchronously, the valve body surface self-cleaning coating prevents electrolyte crystallization blockage, and the ± 0.05 kPa high-sensitivity magnetic drive of the pressure difference valve 303 cooperates to connect the reserve cavity 304 within 0.1 seconds, forming a pressure buffer channel.

[0040] Next, the porous ceramic slow-release core (porosity 60%-70%) in the reserve cavity 304 pre-stores the cooling liquid, which passes through the polytetrafluoroethylene siphon pipe 306 end (5-10 mm from the bottom), accelerates (flow rate increases by 3 times) through the Venturi tube 305 1:3 throat diameter ratio, cooperates with the spiral guide lines on the inner wall to generate rotational turbulence, and forms a vortex cooling zone in the return cavity 301. At this time, the spiral cooling pipe (pitch 12-15 mm) is synchronously connected to the external cooling liquid, realizing double cooling.

[0041] Next, the honeycomb-shaped heat dissipation grooves (1.2-1.8 mm deep) of the aluminum alloy shell 104 form a heat exchange gradient with the internal circulation, and through 300-500 / mm 2 of microchannels, the battery heat is conducted out at a thermal conductivity of 20-30 W / (m·K), and the 35% oxygen index of the basalt fiber felt layer (103) blocks the external fire source while allowing hot air to be directed out through the fiber gap (pore size ≤ 0.1 mm).

[0042] Finally, when the temperature rises to 800℃, the ceramicized silica gel shell 101 is converted into a Mohs 6 ceramic layer within 3 minutes, the hardness is increased by 4 times, a physical fireproof layer is formed, and the explosion welding process (bonding strength ≥ 150 MPa) ensures that the basalt layer and the aluminum alloy layer are gap-free and are combined, preventing high temperature from conducting to the outside, and realizing whole-cycle protection from active cooling to passive protection.

[0043] The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application, therefore: any equivalent changes made on the basis of the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for automatically regulating and dissipating the temperature of a battery, characterized in that, It comprises: A heat dissipation assembly (1) with a composite protective layer formed by a ceramicized silica gel shell (101), a basalt fiber felt layer (103), and an aluminum alloy shell (104) arranged in sequence on the outer side; An electrode (2) penetrating through the ceramicized silica gel shell (101) and extending to the inside of the shell; An adjusting assembly (3) mechanically connected with the heat dissipation assembly (1) through a first positioning hole (105) and a second positioning hole (106).

2. The battery temperature automatic adjusting and heat dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein: In the composite protective layer, the thickness of the basalt fiber felt layer (103) is 2-5 mm and the oxygen index is ≥ 35%; The surface of the aluminum alloy shell (104) is provided with a honeycomb-shaped heat dissipation groove with a groove depth of 1.2-1.8 mm.

3. The battery temperature automatic adjusting and heat dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein: The adjusting assembly (3) comprises a return cavity shell (301), a double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve (302), a differential pressure valve (303), a reserve cavity (304), a Venturi tube (305), and a siphon tube (306); The burst threshold of the double-redundancy adjustable pressure one-way valve (302) is 1.5-2.5 MPa, and the valve body surface is provided with a self-cleaning anti-crystallization coating; The differential pressure valve (303) is in communication with the reserve cavity (304) through a magnetic drive mode, and the trigger sensitivity is ±0.05 kPa.

4. The battery temperature automatic adjusting and heat dissipation device according to claim 3, wherein: The ratio of the throat diameter to the inlet diameter of the Venturi tube (305) is 1:3, and the inner wall is provided with a spiral flow guide pattern; The siphon tube (306) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material, and the distal end extends to 5-10 mm below the bottom of the reserve cavity (304).

5. The battery temperature automatic adjusting and heat dissipation device according to claim 1, wherein: The first positioning hole (105) and the second positioning hole (106) are diagonally distributed, and the hole diameter tolerance is controlled within H7 level accuracy.

6. The battery temperature automatic adjusting and heat dissipation device according to claim 3, wherein: The reserve cavity (304) is provided with a porous ceramic slow-release core body with a porosity of 60%-70%, and the distance between the core body and the inlet of the Venturi tube (305) is 15-20 mm; The return cavity shell (301) is provided with a spiral cooling tube at the top, the tube wall thickness is 0.8-1.2 mm, and the pitch is 12-15 mm.

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