Self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for online monitoring of overhead transmission line

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of an overhead transmission line, which comprises a composite vibration energy collector and a wireless sensing monitoring circuit, and is characterized in that the composite vibration energy collector comprises an electromagnetic power generation mechanism and two groups of vibration structures arranged at the top and the bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism; the electromagnetic power generation mechanism comprises a square magnet array which is formed by four magnets which are sequentially and alternately arranged in the mode that opposite magnetic polarities are adopted, and hollow coils are arranged on the two sides of the square magnet array respectively. According to the application, the composite vibration energy collector and the wireless sensing monitoring circuit are used for converting vibration, especially aeolian vibration, energy which greatly damages the structure of the power transmission line into electric energy, and the converted electric energy is used for supplying energy to the wireless sensing monitoring circuit; damage of vibration to the power transmission line structure is avoided, and meanwhile the function of monitoring the circuit is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to overhead transmission line technical field especially suitable for overhead transmission line on -line monitoring's self -power wireless monitoring system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of national economy, as the important component of national energy supply system, the safety and reliability of power grid have great significance to social operation, however, high altitude transmission line is influenced by external factors such as low temperature icing, wind vibration because of its special operating environment, and is prone to fatigue broken or broken wire fault, among them, the breeze vibration is the most common vibration form, and its characteristic is high frequency small amplitude vibration, which is difficult to detect by naked eye, and the structural damage to transmission line is great;

[0003] At present, transmission line monitoring mainly relies on conventional manual inspection and on -line monitoring method of monitoring system powered by chemical battery, but manual inspection is difficult to monitor transmission line in real time, and chemical battery power supply mode has short service life and needs frequent replacement, which consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. The traditional monitoring method is difficult to guarantee the safe operation of transmission line. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model mainly provides a kind of self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for overhead transmission line on-line monitoring, to solve the problem that prior art is difficult to monitor transmission line in real time.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is: a self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for overhead transmission line on-line monitoring, comprising a composite vibration energy collector and a wireless sensing monitoring device installed on the transmission line, the composite vibration energy collector includes an electromagnetic power generation mechanism and two groups of vibration structures arranged at the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism includes a square magnet array, the square magnet array is formed by four magnets arranged in an alternating manner with opposite magnetic pole polarity, the square magnet array is provided with a hollow coil on both sides, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism is provided with a fixed frame on both sides, the top and bottom of the square magnet array are provided with support seats, the support seat and the adjacent vibration structure are provided with a contact separation type friction nano power generation structure, the vibration structure is provided with a piezoelectric power generation structure away from the electromagnetic power generation mechanism on one side, and the piezoelectric power generation structure is fixedly connected with the upper shell plate and the lower shell plate respectively.

[0006] Preferably, the vibration structure includes a plurality of support blocks arranged on the fixed frame, the support blocks are provided with a plurality of phosphor copper springs, and the phosphor copper springs on the two groups of vibration structures extend to the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism and are fixedly connected with contact plates respectively.

[0007] Preferably, the contact separation type friction nano power generation structure comprises a negative electrode friction layer arranged on the support base away from the electromagnetic power generation mechanism and a positive electrode friction layer arranged on the contact plate close to the electromagnetic power generation mechanism, and the contact separation type friction nano power generation structure realizes the separation contact through the phosphor copper spring on the vibration structure.

[0008] Preferably, the support blocks are arranged on the two groups of fixed frames respectively, and the eight groups of phosphor copper springs are respectively fixedly connected with the top and bottom contact plates of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the piezoelectric power generation structure comprises a plurality of circular piezoelectric ceramic sheets which are stacked in a coaxial manner to form a laminated structure, and the center area of the piezoelectric power generation structure is fixedly connected with the upper shell and the lower shell away from the electromagnetic power generation mechanism respectively.

[0010] Preferably, the magnets constituting the square magnet array are neodymium iron boron permanent magnet square blocks.

[0011] Preferably, the positive electrode friction layer is made of copper material, and the negative electrode friction layer is made of perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer material.

[0012] Preferably, the wireless sensing monitoring circuit comprises a sensor module, a wireless transmission module, a microprocessor and storage, the wireless sensing monitoring circuit is electrically connected with a battery, and the battery is electrically connected with the electromagnetic power generation mechanism.

[0013] The utility model has the advantages that the compound vibration energy collector and the wireless sensing monitoring circuit are adopted to convert the vibration, especially the wind vibration which greatly damages the power transmission line structure, into electric energy, and the converted electric energy is used to supply power to the wireless sensing monitoring circuit, so that the function of the monitoring circuit is realized while the vibration damage to the power transmission line structure is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] The utility model will be further described in connection with the drawings and embodiments;

[0015] Figure 1 It is a 3D view of the friction-piezoelectric-electromagnetic compound vibration energy collector;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a side view of the friction-piezoelectric-electromagnetic compound vibration energy collector;

[0017] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the friction-piezoelectric-electromagnetic compound vibration energy collector;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a composition diagram of the wireless sensing monitoring circuit;

[0019] In the figure: 1, electromagnetic generating mechanism; 2, vibration structure; 21, support block; 22, contact plate; 3, contact separation type friction nano power generation structure; 31, positive friction layer; 32, negative friction layer; 4, piezoelectric power generation structure; 5, phosphor copper spring; 6, hollow coil; 7, square magnet array; 8, fixed frame; 9, support seat; 10, upper shell plate; 101, lower shell plate.

[0020] The utility model will be described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] As Figures 1-4 shown, a self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for online monitoring of overhead transmission line, comprising a composite vibration energy collector and a wireless sensing monitoring device installed on the transmission line, the composite vibration energy collector comprises electromagnetic generating mechanism 1 and two groups of vibration structure 2 arranged at the top and bottom of electromagnetic generating mechanism 1, the electromagnetic generating mechanism 1 comprises square magnet array 7, the square magnet array 7 is formed by four magnets in the way of opposite magnetic pole polarity alternately arranged in turn, the square magnet array 7 is provided with hollow coil 6 on both sides, the electromagnetic generating mechanism 1 is provided with fixed frame 8 on both sides, the top and bottom of square magnet array 7 are provided with support seat 9, the support seat 9 is provided with contact separation type friction nano power generation structure 3 between the adjacent vibration structure 2, the vibration structure 2 is provided with piezoelectric power generation structure 4 on the side away from electromagnetic generating mechanism 1, the piezoelectric power generation structure 4 is fixedly connected with upper shell plate 10 and lower shell plate 101 respectively, the electromagnetic generating mechanism 1 collects the weak mechanical vibration energy on the overhead transmission line in the embodiment, and the weak mechanical vibration energy is converted into electric energy to supply sensing monitoring node, the hollow coil 6 center line intersects with the opposite magnetic pole intersection line of magnet array to keep horizontal in the static condition, the coil and magnet array relative movement close loop cutting magnetic induction line to produce electromotive force when vibrating, the vibration energy is converted into electric energy by composite vibration energy collector when using, and the wireless sensing monitoring device is powered, the wireless sensing monitoring device can select prior art, the electromagnetic generating mechanism 1 is fixedly installed on the overhead transmission line through upper shell 10 and lower shell 101 when installing.

[0022] Preferably, as Figure 1As shown, the vibration structure 2 includes a plurality of support blocks 21 arranged on the fixed frame 8, and a plurality of phosphor bronze springs 5 arranged on the support blocks 21, the phosphor bronze springs 5 on the two groups of vibration structures 2 extend to the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 respectively and are fixedly connected with the contact plates 22, in the embodiment, the vibration structures 2 are arranged at the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 respectively, as can be seen from the figure, the hollow coil 6 is arranged on the wide surface of the square magnet array 7, and the fixed frame 8 is arranged on the narrow surface, i.e. the left and right surfaces, of the square magnet array 7, the fixed frame 8 is in a progressive multi-layer combined structure including three rectangular fixed blocks, the vibration structures 2 are arranged at the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 respectively, and the vibration structure 2 arranged at the top of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 mainly includes the support blocks 21 arranged at the upper position on the left and right sides of the fixed frame 8, the phosphor bronze springs 5 on the support blocks 21 extend to the top of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 and are connected with the contact plates 22 above the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1, and the contact plates 22 are located above the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 and do not contact the top of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 in normal times.

[0023] Preferably, the contact-separated friction nano power generation structure 3 includes a negative electrode friction layer 32 arranged on the side of the support seat 9 away from the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 and a positive electrode friction layer 31 arranged on the side of the contact plate 22 close to the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1, the contact-separated friction nano power generation structure 3 realizes separated contact through the phosphor bronze springs 5 on the vibration structure 2, in the embodiment, the negative electrode friction layer 32 moves up and down with the vibration structure, the positive electrode friction layer 31 is connected with the center region of the piezoelectric layer 4 through the contact plate 22 and remains relatively static with the upper and lower shells, and the positive electrode friction layer 31 and the negative electrode friction layer 32 move in contact and separation when the vibration structure vibrates.

[0024] Preferably, the four support blocks 21 are arranged on the two groups of fixed frames 8 respectively, and the eight groups of phosphor bronze springs 5 on the eight support blocks 21 are fixedly connected with the contact plates 22 at the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 respectively, in the embodiment, the fixed frame 8 is arranged on the left and right sides of the square magnet array 7 as shown, and the support blocks 21 are arranged on the front and back surfaces of each fixed frame 8, and the four support blocks 21 on the two fixed frames 8 form a vibration structure 2. Figure 1 As shown, the vibration structure 2 includes a plurality of support blocks 21 arranged on the fixed frame 8, and a plurality of phosphor bronze springs 5 arranged on the support blocks 21, the phosphor bronze springs 5 on the two groups of vibration structures 2 extend to the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 respectively and are fixedly connected with the contact plates 22, in the embodiment, the vibration structures 2 are arranged at the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 respectively, as can be seen from the figure, the hollow coil 6 is arranged on the wide surface of the square magnet array 7, and the fixed frame 8 is arranged on the narrow surface, i.e. the left and right surfaces, of the square magnet array 7, the fixed frame 8 is in a progressive multi-layer combined structure including three rectangular fixed blocks, the vibration structures 2 are arranged at the top and bottom of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 respectively, and the vibration structure 2 arranged at the top of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 mainly includes the support blocks 21 arranged at the upper position on the left and right sides of the fixed frame 8, the phosphor bronze springs 5 on the support blocks 21 extend to the top of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 and are connected with the contact plates 22 above the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1, and the contact plates 22 are located above the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 and do not contact the top of the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 in normal times.

[0025] Preferably, the piezoelectric power generation structure 4 comprises several circular piezoelectric ceramic sheets stacked in the same coaxial center to form a laminated structure, and the upper and lower center areas of the piezoelectric power generation structure 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the upper shell 10 and the lower shell 101 away from the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1; in this embodiment, the circular piezoelectric ceramic sheets are circular, have piezoelectric effect, can generate electric charge under mechanical stress, are vertically stacked along the same axis to ensure the alignment of the centers of each layer and form a stable laminated structure, and the overall structure can generate higher voltage output under mechanical stress by stacking multiple sheets, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0026] Preferably, the magnets constituting the square magnet array 7 are neodymium iron boron permanent magnet cubes.

[0027] Preferably, the positive friction layer 31 is made of copper material, and the negative friction layer 32 is made of perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer material; in this embodiment, the contact-separation type friction nano power generation structure 3 uses Cu (copper) as the positive friction layer 31, FEP (perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer) film as the negative friction layer 32, and the FEP film covers the planar support structure at the top and bottom ends of the vibration structure.

[0028] Preferably, the wireless sensing monitoring circuit comprises a sensor module, a wireless transmission module, a microprocessor and storage, the wireless sensing monitoring circuit is electrically connected with a battery, the battery is electrically connected with the electromagnetic power generation mechanism (1), the embodiment is a wireless sensing monitoring circuit, which mainly consists of a sensor, a wireless transmission, a microprocessor and storage. When the friction-piezoelectric-electromagnetic composite vibration energy collector converts the mechanical vibration energy in the power transmission line into electric energy, the electric energy is transmitted to the power management circuit (battery) to supply power to the system. The sensor module is provided with a temperature sensor, an inclination sensor and a vibration sensor for monitoring the temperature, sag and vibration state of the power transmission line. After collecting the monitoring information, the microprocessor is used for storage and wireless transmission to the system terminal. The temperature sensor can be a DS18B20 thermocouple temperature sensor. The inclination sensor can be a SCL3300-D01 low-power inclination sensor for monitoring the inclination change parameter of the conductor near the suspension point. The corresponding conductor sag is obtained by solving the catenary equation. The MPU6050 acceleration sensor can be used to collect acceleration signals in real time. The vibration frequency and amplitude information of the power transmission line can be obtained by analyzing and solving the acceleration signals. The power management module is composed of a capacitor and a lithium battery for ensuring the continuity of system power supply. The microprocessor can be an ultra-low power STM32L151 chip as the system control center. The chip has 32 kB on-chip NORFlash and 80 bytes backup register. These two areas can be used to store sensing monitoring data and sensor correction data during monitoring, respectively. The wireless transmission module can use the SX1212 chip based on SEMTECH 433MHz frequency band wireless transmission technology. The communication distance of this technology is up to 800m and the receiving current is only 3mA.

[0029] The working principle of the present application is as follows: Figure 1As shown, when the friction piezoelectric electromagnetic composite vibration energy collector is in a vibration environment, the vibration structure 2 is excited by external vibration and vibrates in the vertical direction, when the vibration structure 2 moves upward, the closed loop formed by the hollow coil 6 cuts the magnetic induction lines to generate an induced electromotive force, the eight springs 5 above and below the device respectively convert the kinetic energy of the vibration structure 2 into compression and stretching elastic potential energy, when the positive friction layer 31 and the negative friction layer 32 contact, the surface electrons of the positive friction layer transfer to the surface of the perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer material and there are equal and opposite charges between the two surfaces, when the upward displacement reaches the maximum, the upward bending and downward bending deformation of the upper and lower piezoelectric sheets reach the maximum, the piezoelectric effect makes the surface of the piezoelectric power generation structure 4 generate a peak potential difference, after the upward displacement reaches the maximum, the vibration structure moves downward, the magnet matrix 7 moves in the opposite direction of cutting the magnetic induction lines, the piezoelectric layer deformation recovers the piezoelectric effect potential, the contact separation type friction nanometer power generation structure 3 is separated, there is a potential difference between the electrode plates, after the vibration structure 2 moves downward to the balance position, the electromagnetic power generation mechanism 1 and the contact separation type friction nanometer power generation structure 3 repeat the above work and generate opposite potential differences, finally the energy collector converts vibration energy into potential energy, the friction piezoelectric electromagnetic composite vibration energy collector converts mechanical vibration energy in the power transmission line into electrical energy and transmits it to the power management circuit to power the system, the wireless sensing and monitoring circuit module is provided with a temperature sensor, an inclination sensor and a vibration sensor for monitoring the temperature, sag and vibration state of the power transmission line, after collecting the monitoring information, the microprocessor stores the information and transmits it to the system terminal wirelessly.

[0030] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present application, and should not be regarded as limiting the present application, the protection scope of the present application should be the technical solutions recited in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features recited in the claims as the protection scope. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this range are also within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of overhead power transmission lines, characterized in that, The utility model provides a kind of composite vibration energy collector and wireless sensing monitoring device including installation on transmission line, the composite vibration energy collector includes electromagnetic generating mechanism (1) and two groups of vibration structures (2) arranged at the top and bottom of electromagnetic generating mechanism (1), the electromagnetic generating mechanism (1) includes square magnet array (7), the square magnet array (7) is formed by four magnets with the way of polarity alternately in order, the square magnet array (7) is provided with air core coil (6) on both sides, the electromagnetic generating mechanism (1) is equipped with fixed frame (8) on both sides, the top and bottom of the square magnet array (7) are provided with support seat (9), contact separation type friction nano power generation structure (3) is arranged between the support seat (9) and the vibration structure (2) of similar, piezoelectric power generation structure (4) is arranged on the vibration structure (2) side away from electromagnetic generating mechanism (1), and piezoelectric power generation structure (4) is fixedly connected with upper shell plate (10) and lower shell plate (101) respectively.

2. A self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of overhead power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration structure (2) includes a plurality of support blocks (21) arranged on the fixed frame (8), the support blocks (21) are provided with phosphor copper springs (5), and the phosphor copper springs (5) on the two groups of vibration structures (2) extend to the top and bottom of the electromagnetic generating mechanism (1) respectively and are fixedly connected with contact plates (22).

3. A self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of overhead power transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The contact separation type friction nano power generation structure (3) includes a negative electrode friction layer (32) arranged on the side of the support seat (9) away from the electromagnetic generating mechanism (1) and a positive electrode friction layer (31) arranged on the side of the contact plate (22) close to the electromagnetic generating mechanism (1), and the contact separation type friction nano power generation structure (3) realizes separated contact through the phosphor copper springs (5) on the vibration structure (2).

4. A self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of overhead power transmission lines according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support blocks (21) are arranged on the two groups of fixed frames (8) respectively, and the eight groups of phosphor copper springs (5) are fixedly connected with the contact plates (22) on the top and bottom of the electromagnetic generating mechanism (1) respectively.

5. A self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of overhead power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piezoelectric power generation structure (4) includes a plurality of circular piezoelectric ceramic sheets, the circular piezoelectric ceramic sheets are stacked in a coaxial manner to form a laminated structure, and the piezoelectric power generation structure (4) is fixedly connected with the upper shell plate (10) and the lower shell plate (101) respectively on the side away from the electromagnetic generating mechanism (1) in the central region.

6. A self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of overhead power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnets of the square magnet array (7) are Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet cubes.

7. A self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of overhead power transmission lines according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positive electrode friction layer (31) is made of copper, and the negative electrode friction layer (32) is made of perfluoroethylene propylene copolymer material.

8. A self-powered wireless monitoring system suitable for on-line monitoring of overhead power transmission lines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wireless sensing monitoring device includes a sensor module, a wireless transmission module, a microprocessor and storage, and the wireless sensing monitoring device is electrically connected with a battery, and the battery is electrically connected with the electromagnetic generating mechanism (1).

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