Two-stage staggered brush type sealing structure
The staggered arrangement design of the two-stage staggered brush seal structure solves the leakage and wear problems of turbine mechanical seals in high temperature, high pressure and high speed environments, achieving more efficient sealing performance and longer service life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing turbine mechanical seal technologies suffer from problems such as large leakage, severe wear, and insufficient adaptability under high temperature, high pressure, and high speed environments. In particular, labyrinth seals, carbon graphite circumferential seals, and open ring seals perform poorly under radial runout and thermal expansion of the shaft.
The two-stage staggered brush seal structure forms an 'S'-shaped fluid leakage channel through the staggered front and rear brush filament bundles. Combined with the design of the sealing ring and friction ring, it achieves stable installation of the sealing seat and adaptability to the rotating shaft, reduces the media leakage path and enhances the sealing performance.
It improves the service life and sealing performance of the sealing device, reduces media leakage, adapts to the radial runout and thermal expansion of the shaft, and enhances the sealing effect in high temperature, high pressure and high speed environments.
Smart Images
Figure CN224064835U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of turbine mechanical seal technology, and particularly relates to a two-stage staggered brush seal structure. Background Technology
[0002] Sealing technology is a fundamental guarantee for modern engineering, directly affecting equipment performance, energy efficiency, environmental protection, and personal safety. In turbomachinery, sealing technology plays a crucial role. Turbomachinery is typically used for energy conversion, and its operating environment is usually characterized by high temperature, high pressure, and high speed, thus placing extremely high demands on sealing technology.
[0003] Bearing cavity sealing is a key design focus of turbine machinery sealing systems, and researchers have been dedicated to developing sealing components with better sealing performance to improve overall performance. Currently, the sealing technologies used in bearing cavities mainly include labyrinth seals, carbon-graphite contact circumferential seals, open ring seals, and end face seals.
[0004] There is a gap between the labyrinth seal and the shaft, which naturally provides a leakage channel. In order to meet the sealing performance requirements, the throttling gap can only be reduced. However, a smaller throttling gap will cause the labyrinth teeth to collide with the shaft after radial displacement and thermal expansion, resulting in permanent deformation and wear of the labyrinth teeth, which leads to an increase in the throttling gap and ultimately an increase in leakage.
[0005] Carbon-graphite circumferential seals are compact, easy to install, and offer high safety in case of breakage. However, their structure is fragile and prone to damage during disassembly, assembly, and use. Coking of the lubricating oil can lead to high leakage and excessive wear. Similar to labyrinth seals, they are not adaptable to radial runout of the shaft; graphite circumferential seals can only accommodate 1mm of radial runout and cannot handle large shaft offsets.
[0006] Open ring seals have advantages such as small structural size, fewer parts, easy manufacturing, and good sealing performance, but they generate a lot of frictional heat and are not suitable for use under conditions of large pressure difference.
[0007] End face seals can operate stably under high temperature and high speed conditions and have the characteristics of low leakage, but the end face seal structure is relatively large and assembly is more difficult. Utility Model Content
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel two-stage staggered brush seal, offering a new approach to improving turbine machine performance and the use of brush seals.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0010] A two-stage staggered brush seal structure includes a sealing seat, which is installed on a mounting base. A first-stage brush seal is installed at the lower end of the sealing seat, and a last-stage brush seal is set on a rotating shaft. The left end of the last-stage brush seal is fixedly connected to a front friction ring, and the first-stage brush seal is connected to the front friction ring.
[0011] The primary brush seal includes a front brush ring, a front brush filament bundle, and a front baffle; the front brush filament bundle is located between the front brush ring and the front baffle, and the front brush ring and the front baffle are welded together to form a whole.
[0012] The final-stage brush seal includes a rear brush ring, a rear brush filament bundle, and a rear baffle; the rear brush filament bundle is located between the rear baffle and the rear brush ring, and the rear baffle and the rear brush ring are welded together to form a whole.
[0013] The front and rear brush filament bundles are arranged in an alternating pattern to form an "S"-shaped fluid leakage channel.
[0014] Preferably, a rear friction ring is installed at the right end of the primary brush seal, and a positioning ring is connected to the right end of the rear friction ring. The top end of the positioning ring is installed on the sealing seat to restrict the movement of the primary brush seal.
[0015] Preferably, the front brush ring and the front baffle are provided with raised structures at their upper and lower ends, which are respectively embedded in the corresponding groove structures of the sealing seat and the front friction ring for axial fixation of the primary brush seal.
[0016] Preferably, the rear brush ring is provided with a raised structure that is embedded in the corresponding groove structure of the front friction ring for axial fixation of the final stage brush seal.
[0017] Preferably, both the front and rear friction rings are coated, and the coatings are located at the contact points between the front brush bundle and the front friction ring and the rear brush bundle and the rear friction ring, respectively, and are parallel to the rotating shaft; the free ends of the front and rear brush bundles are respectively attached to the coatings of the front and rear friction rings after sealing installation.
[0018] Preferably, sealing rings are installed in the annular grooves of both the sealing seat and the front friction ring to prevent the medium from leaking from the mating gap.
[0019] Preferably, the thickness of the front brush bundle and the rear brush bundle is 1.5mm to 3.0mm, the protection height of the front brush ring and the front baffle is 1.0mm to 1.6mm, and the protection height of the rear baffle and the rear brush ring is 0.4mm to 1.0mm.
[0020] Preferably, the angle between the front brush filament bundle, the rear brush filament bundle and the radial direction of the rotating shaft is 20° to 50°.
[0021] Preferably, the diameter of the brush filaments in the front and rear brush filament bundles is 0.005 mm to 0.012 mm.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0023] 1. This utility model is a staggered combination of two brush bundles. The two-stage staggered brush seal has a more uniform pressure distribution between stages than the traditional multi-stage brush seal structure, and the service life of the sealing device is better. In addition, the last stage brush seal rotates with the shaft, which has a stronger obstruction effect on the flow of the medium, thus resulting in better sealing performance.
[0024] 2. The brush bristles of the two-stage staggered brush seal structure provided by this utility model do not directly contact the rotating shaft, reducing the wear of the shaft on the brush bristles. Furthermore, the staggered arrangement of the two stages of brush bristles forms an "S"-shaped leakage channel, extending the path of the medium through the sealing device and strengthening the obstruction effect on the medium flow. The staggered design ensures that the pressure drop between the two stages of the brush seal is essentially equal, significantly reducing the problem of uneven pressure drop distribution among multiple stages of brush bristles. Attached Figure Description
[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the primary brush seal structure provided by this utility model;
[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the final-stage brush seal structure provided by this utility model;
[0028] Figure 4 A plan view of the brush seal structure provided by this utility model;
[0029] Figure 5 A partial view of the final-stage brush seal structure provided by this utility model.
[0030] Reference numerals: 1-Sealing seat, 2-Mounting screw, 3-First-stage brush seal, 301-Front brush ring, 302-Front brush filament bundle, 303-Front baffle, 4-Sealing ring, 5-Front friction ring, 6-Shaft, 7-Setting screw, 8-Coating, 9-Final-stage brush seal, 901-Rear brush ring, 902-Rear brush filament bundle, 903-Rear baffle, 10-Rear friction ring, 11-Positioning ring, 12-Mounting base. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To further understand the invention content, features and effects of this utility model, the following embodiments are provided, and detailed descriptions are given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0032] The structure of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0033] like Figure 1As shown, a two-stage staggered brush seal structure includes a sealing seat 1, mounting screws 2, a first-stage brush seal 3, a sealing ring 4, a front friction ring 5, a rotating shaft 6, a set screw 7, a coating 8, a final-stage brush seal 9, a rear friction ring 10, a positioning ring 11, and a mounting base 12.
[0034] The sealing seat 1 is fixed to the mounting base 12 by mounting screws. The lower end of the sealing seat 1 is fixedly connected to the first-stage brush seal 3. A rear friction ring 10 is installed on the right end of the first-stage brush seal 3, and a positioning ring 11 is connected to the right end of the rear friction ring 10. The top end of the rear friction ring 10 is fixed to the sealing seat 1, and the positioning ring 11 is installed on the sealing seat 1. The positioning ring 11 and the rear friction ring 10 on the sealing seat 1 restrict the movement of the first-stage brush seal 3. The first-stage brush seal 3 of the second-stage staggered brush seal is fixed to the mounting base 12 by the rear friction ring 10, the positioning ring 11, the sealing seat 1, and the mounting screws 2.
[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the primary brush seal 3 includes a front brush ring 301, a front brush bundle 302, and a front baffle 303. The front brush bundle 302 is located between the front brush ring 301 and the front baffle 303, which are welded together, with the front brush bundle 302 sandwiched between them. The front brush ring 301 and the front baffle 303 have protruding structures at their upper and lower ends, which are respectively embedded in the corresponding groove structures of the sealing seat 1 and the rear friction ring 10, for axially fixing the primary brush seal 3 and connecting it to the rear friction ring 10.
[0036] The final stage brush seal 9 is fixed to the rotating shaft 6 via the front friction ring 5 and the set screw 7. The front friction ring 5 is fixedly connected to the left end of the final stage brush seal 9 and is fixed to the rotating shaft 6 via the set screw 7.
[0037] like Figures 3-5 As shown, the final-stage brush seal 9 includes a rear brush ring 901, a rear brush bundle 902, and a rear baffle 903. The rear brush bundle 902 is located between the rear baffle 903 and the rear brush ring 901, which are welded together, with the rear brush bundle 902 sandwiched between them. The rear brush ring 901 has a protruding structure that is embedded in the corresponding groove structure of the front friction ring 5 for axial fixation of the final-stage brush seal 9.
[0038] The front brush bundle 302 and the rear brush bundle 902 have free ends at one end, which are intended to seal the coating 8 that adheres to the front friction ring 5 and the rear friction ring 10 respectively after installation. The coating 8 is provided on both the front friction ring 5 and the rear friction ring 10. The coating 8 is located at the contact points between the front brush bundle 302 and the front friction ring 5, and between the rear brush bundle 902 and the rear friction ring 10. When the rotating shaft 6 rotates, it drives the final brush seal 9 and the front friction ring 5 to rotate, and the front brush bundle 302 and the rear brush bundle 902 slide circumferentially with the coating 8. Sealing rings 4 are installed in the annular grooves of the sealing seat 1 and the front friction ring 5 to prevent the medium from leaking from the mating gap.
[0039] Both the front brush filament bundle 302 and the rear brush filament bundle 902 are S-shaped and are arranged alternately to form an S-shaped leakage channel. The front brush filament bundle 302 is fixed by the front baffle 303 and the front brush ring 301, and the rear brush filament bundle 902 is fixed by the rear brush ring 901 and the rear baffle 903.
[0040] The thickness of the front brush filament bundle 302 and the rear brush filament bundle 902 is 1.5mm to 3.0mm; the protection height of the front brush ring 301 and the front baffle 303 is 1.0mm to 1.6mm; the protection height of the rear baffle 903 and the rear brush ring 901 is 0.4mm to 1.0mm; the angle formed by the front brush filament bundle 302, the rear brush filament bundle 902 and the radial direction of the rotating shaft 6 is 20° to 50°; the diameter of the brush filaments of the front brush filament bundle 302 and the rear brush filament bundle 902 is 0.005mm to 0.012mm.
[0041] The working principle of this utility model:
[0042] The sealing seat 1 is fixed to the mounting base 12 by mounting screws 2, providing a stable mounting foundation for the entire sealing structure. The first-stage brush seal 3 is fixedly connected to the sealing seat 1. Its front brush ring 301 and front baffle 303 clamp the front brush bundle 302 by welding, and the protrusions on the front brush ring 301 and front baffle 303 are embedded in the corresponding grooves of the sealing seat 1 and the front friction ring 5, thereby achieving axial fixation of the first-stage brush seal 3. The last-stage brush seal 9 is mounted on the rotating shaft 6 by the front friction ring 5 and the set screw 7. The protrusions on the rear brush ring 901 are embedded in the groove of the front friction ring 5, thereby completing the axial fixation of the last-stage brush seal 9 and ensuring that the first-stage and last-stage brush seals maintain a stable position during operation.
[0043] When the shaft 6 rotates, it drives the final-stage brush seal 9 and the front friction ring 5 to rotate together. The free ends of the front brush filament bundle 302 and the rear brush filament bundle 902 are respectively attached to the coating 8 of the front friction ring 5 and the rear friction ring 10. As the front friction ring 5 rotates, the coating 8 and the free ends of the brush filaments slide circumferentially. Since both the front brush filament bundle 302 and the rear brush filament bundle 902 are S-shaped and staggered, the front brush ring 301 and the rear brush ring 901 form a tortuous S-shaped leakage channel. Compared with the leakage channel of the traditional sealing structure, this tortuous channel greatly increases the path length and resistance of the medium leakage, thereby effectively reducing the amount of medium leakage.
[0044] Furthermore, the sealing ring 4 is installed in the annular groove of the sealing seat 1 and the front friction ring 5, further preventing the medium from leaking from the mating gap between the two and enhancing the sealing effect. In actual operation, this two-stage staggered brush seal structure can adapt to the rotational conditions of the shaft 6. Through the contact between the brush filament bundle and the friction ring, as well as the auxiliary sealing effect of the sealing ring, it overcomes the problems of existing sealing technologies such as the easy wear of labyrinth seals and the insufficient adaptability of carbon graphite circumferential seals to the radial runout of the shaft. It achieves a reliable and efficient sealing function in the high temperature, high pressure, and high speed operating environment of turbine machinery.
[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A two-stage staggered brush seal structure, characterized by, The application relates to a brush seal device, which comprises a sealing seat (1) installed on a mounting base (12), a primary brush seal (3) installed at the lower end of the sealing seat (1), and a final brush seal (9) arranged on a rotating shaft (6) and fixedly connected to a front friction ring (5) at the left end. The primary brush seal (3) comprises a front brush ring (301), a front brush bundle (302) and a front baffle (303), the front brush bundle (302) is arranged between the front brush ring (301) and the front baffle (303), and the front brush ring (301) and the front baffle (303) are formed into an integral whole through welding. The final brush seal (9) comprises a rear brush ring (901), a rear brush bundle (902) and a rear baffle (903), the rear brush bundle (902) is arranged between the rear baffle (903) and the rear brush ring (901), and the rear baffle (903) and the rear brush ring (901) are formed into an integral whole through welding. The front brush bundle (302) and the rear brush bundle (902) are arranged in an interlaced mode to form an "S"-shaped fluid leakage channel.
2. The two-stage staggered brush seal structure of claim 1, wherein, The primary brush seal (3) is provided with a rear friction ring (10) at the right end, the rear friction ring (10) is connected with a positioning ring (11) at the right end, the top end of the positioning ring (11) is installed on the sealing seat (1), and the movement of the primary brush seal (3) is limited.
3. The two-stage staggered brush seal of claim 1, wherein, The front brush ring (301) and the front baffle (303) are provided with protruding structures at the upper and lower ends, which are embedded into corresponding groove structures of the sealing seat (1) and the rear friction ring (10) respectively, and are used for the axial fixation of the primary brush seal (3).
4. The two-stage staggered brush seal of claim 1, wherein, The rear brush ring (901) is provided with a protruding structure, which is embedded into a corresponding groove structure of the front friction ring (5) and is used for the axial fixation of the final brush seal (9).
5. The two-stage staggered brush seal of claim 1, wherein, The front friction ring (5) and the rear friction ring (10) are provided with coating layers (8), the coating layers (8) are respectively arranged at the contact positions of the front brush bundle (302) and the front friction ring (5) and the rear brush bundle (902) and the rear friction ring (10), and are parallel to the rotating shaft (6); the free ends of the front brush bundle (302) and the rear brush bundle (902) are respectively attached to the coating layers (8) of the front friction ring (5) and the rear friction ring (10) after sealing installation.
6. The two-stage staggered brush seal of claim 1, wherein, Sealing rings (4) are installed in the annular grooves of the sealing seat (1) and the front friction ring (5), and are used for preventing medium leakage from the matching gap.
7. The two-stage staggered brush seal of claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the front brush bundle (302) and the rear brush bundle (902) is 1.5mm-3.0mm, the protection height of the front brush ring (301) and the front baffle (303) is 1.0mm-1.6mm, and the protection height of the rear baffle (903) and the rear brush ring (901) is 0.4mm-1.0mm.
8. The two-stage staggered brush seal structure of claim 7, wherein, The angle between the front brush bundle (302), the rear brush bundle (902) and the rotating shaft (6) is 20-50 degrees.
9. The two-stage staggered brush seal structure of claim 8, wherein, The brush wire diameter of the front brush bundle (302) and the rear brush bundle (902) is 0.005mm-0.012mm.