Battery charging and discharging framework, vehicle power distribution framework and vehicle

Abstract

According to the battery charging and discharging framework, the vehicle power distribution framework and the vehicle, under the condition that the voltage of a power supply end is larger than that of a positive electrode of a low-voltage battery, the power supply end can charge the low-voltage battery through a current limiting circuit, and under the condition that the power supply end suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage of the power supply end is reduced, and the low-voltage battery is charged. The voltage of the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery is larger than that of the power supply end, the low-voltage battery can provide electric energy for the power supply end through discharging of the two-way switch circuit, software intervention is not needed, the power requirement when the power supply end is connected to a high-power load can be met in real time, and the risk of potential safety hazards caused by sudden change of load power is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle technology, specifically to a battery charging and discharging architecture, a vehicle power distribution architecture, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In the vehicle field, the load can be connected to the power battery not only via a voltage conversion circuit, but also via a switch to the low-voltage battery. The power battery can simultaneously supply power to the load and charge the low-voltage battery.

[0003] However, when there is a large current demand at the load end, the discharge function cannot be executed instantly or there is a risk of damage to the MOS circuit when the discharge is executed instantly. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application provides a battery charging and discharging architecture, a vehicle power distribution architecture, and a vehicle, aiming to solve the problem in the related technology that the discharge operation cannot be performed instantaneously when there is a large current demand at the load end.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a battery charging and discharging architecture, which includes: a low-voltage battery, a current limiting circuit, a bidirectional switching circuit, a main control circuit, and a power supply terminal;

[0006] The low-voltage battery is connected to the power supply terminal via the current limiting circuit;

[0007] The bidirectional switching circuit is connected in parallel with the current limiting circuit, and the bidirectional switching circuit is controlled by the main control circuit.

[0008] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, when the voltage at the power supply end is greater than the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, the power supply end can charge the low-voltage battery through a current limiting circuit. When the power supply end suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage at the power supply end decreases, and the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery is greater than the voltage at the power supply end. The low-voltage battery can then discharge to the power supply end through a bidirectional switching circuit to provide power without software intervention. This can meet the power demand when the power supply end is connected to a high-power load in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bidirectional switching circuit includes a charging MOS device and a discharging MOS device, wherein the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device are connected back-to-back.

[0010] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, since the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device are connected back-to-back, the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device can be controlled by the main control circuit to change the current transmission direction of the bidirectional switching circuit. When the voltage at the power supply terminal is greater than the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, the charging MOS device can be set to the off state, while the discharging MOS device can be set to the on state. The power supply terminal can charge the low-voltage battery through the current limiting circuit. When there is a sudden large current demand at the power supply terminal, the voltage at the power supply terminal drops, and the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery is greater than the voltage at the power supply terminal. The low-voltage battery can discharge to the power supply terminal through the body diode of the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device to provide power. Without software intervention, it can meet the power demand when the power supply terminal is connected to a high-power load in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bidirectional switching circuit includes: a plurality of charging MOS devices and a plurality of discharging MOS devices, wherein the plurality of charging MOS devices and the plurality of discharging MOS devices are connected back-to-back.

[0012] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, since multiple charging MOS devices and multiple discharging MOS devices are connected back-to-back, the multiple charging MOS devices and multiple discharging MOS devices can be controlled by the main control circuit to change the current transmission direction of the bidirectional switching circuit. When the voltage at the power supply end is greater than the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, by setting at least one charging MOS device to the off state and at least one discharging MOS device to the on state, the power supply end can charge the low-voltage battery through the current limiting circuit. When there is a sudden large current demand at the power supply end, the voltage at the power supply end drops, and the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery is greater than the voltage at the power supply end. The low-voltage battery can discharge to the power supply end through the body diode of the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device to provide power. Without software intervention, it can meet the power demand when the power supply end is connected to a high-power load in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0013] In some embodiments, the source of the charging MOS device is connected to the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, the drain of the charging MOS device is connected to the drain of the discharging MOS device, and the source of the discharging MOS device is connected to the power supply terminal.

[0014] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by connecting the drain of the charging MOS device and the drain of the discharging MOS device, the current of the low-voltage battery can still flow to the power supply terminal through the body diode of the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device when the charging MOS device is turned off. When the charging MOS is turned off, if the voltage of the power supply terminal is greater than the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, the power supply terminal can charge the low-voltage battery through the current limiting circuit. When the power supply terminal suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage of the power supply terminal drops, and the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal. The low-voltage battery can discharge to the power supply terminal through the body diode of the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device to provide power. Without software intervention, it can meet the power demand of the power supply terminal when a high-power load is connected in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0015] In some embodiments, the drain of the discharge MOS device is connected to the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, the source of the discharge MOS device is connected to the source of the charging MOS device, and the drain of the charging MOS device is connected to the power supply terminal.

[0016] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by connecting the source of the charging MOS device and the source of the discharging MOS device, the current of the low-voltage battery can still flow to the power supply terminal through the body diode of the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device when the charging MOS device is turned off. When the charging MOS is turned off, if the voltage of the power supply terminal is greater than the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, the power supply terminal can charge the low-voltage battery through the current limiting circuit. When the power supply terminal suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage of the power supply terminal drops, and the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal. The low-voltage battery can discharge to the power supply terminal through the body diode of the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device to provide power. Without software intervention, it can meet the power demand of the power supply terminal when a high-power load is connected in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0017] In some embodiments, when the main control circuit charges the low-voltage battery through the current limiting circuit at the power supply terminal, it controls the charging MOS device to turn off and the discharging MOS device to turn on.

[0018] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, since the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device are arranged back to back, by setting the charging MOS device to be off and the discharging MOS device to be on, the low-voltage battery can supply power to the power supply terminal through the body diode of the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device when the voltage at the power supply terminal is less than the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery. Furthermore, since the current limiting circuit and the bidirectional switching circuit are connected in parallel, the low-voltage battery can be charged by the power supply terminal when the voltage at the power supply terminal is greater than the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery. Thus, as the power demand of the load connected to the power supply terminal changes, the direction of power transmission between the power supply terminal and the low-voltage battery can be switched at any time without software intervention, so as to achieve the purpose of stable power supply to the load connected to the power supply terminal and reduce the risk caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0019] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the charging MOS device to turn on when the current of the bidirectional switching circuit reaches a preset current threshold.

[0020] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, since the charging MOS device is turned off, when the voltage at the power supply terminal is greater than that at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, the power supply terminal can charge the low-voltage battery through the current limiting circuit. When the load has a large instantaneous current demand, the voltage at the power supply terminal drops, and the low-voltage battery discharges to the load connected to the power supply terminal instantly through the body diode of the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device. No software intervention is required. The main control circuit detects the current in the loop. When the loop current reaches the preset current threshold, the hardware automatically triggers the charging MOS device to close again. The current of the low-voltage battery discharges to the outside through the charging MOS device and the discharging MOS device, avoiding damage to the MOS device caused by the current passing through the parasitic diode of the charging MOS device, thus protecting the charging MOS tube and reducing the risk of device damage.

[0021] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to control the charging MOS device to conduct when the temperature of the bidirectional switching circuit reaches a preset temperature threshold.

[0022] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, under some unstable application environments, due to changes in the external environment or actual changes in the load equipment connected to the power supply, the current flowing through the bidirectional switching circuit may be large, and the temperature of the bidirectional switching circuit may reach a preset temperature threshold. In this case, the risk of device damage caused by the current flowing only through the body diode of the charging MOS device can be reduced by controlling the charging MOS device to conduct.

[0023] In some embodiments, the battery charging and discharging architecture further includes:

[0024] A voltage conversion circuit is connected between the external power supply terminal and the power supply terminal to supply power to the power supply terminal.

[0025] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the power supply terminal is connected to the voltage conversion circuit. Under normal circumstances, the power supply terminal is supplied by the external power supply terminal through the voltage conversion circuit. When the power output of the voltage conversion circuit is insufficient, or when the high-power electronic device connected to the power supply terminal is started, the voltage of the power supply terminal may drop significantly. At this time, the voltage of the current limiting circuit near the power supply terminal is less than the voltage of the low-voltage battery. The power supply terminal does not charge the low-voltage battery through the current limiting circuit. Since the voltage of the low-voltage battery is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal, the low-voltage battery can discharge to the power supply terminal through the discharge MOS device and the charging MOS device, and control the charging MOS device to conduct under high current conditions, reducing the risk of device damage caused by the current flowing only through the body diode of the charging MOS device.

[0026] In some embodiments, the main control circuit is further configured to detect the first output power of the voltage conversion circuit to the power supply terminal, and, if the first output power is less than the load power of the power supply terminal, control the low-voltage battery to provide a second output power to the power supply terminal via the bidirectional switching circuit.

[0027] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the power supply terminal is connected to the voltage conversion circuit. Under normal circumstances, the power supply terminal is supplied by the external power supply terminal through the voltage conversion circuit. When the power output of the voltage conversion circuit is insufficient, or when the high-power electronic device connected to the power supply terminal is started, the voltage of the power supply terminal may drop significantly. At this time, the voltage of the current limiting circuit near the power supply terminal is less than the voltage of the low-voltage battery. The power supply terminal does not charge the low-voltage battery through the current limiting circuit. Since the voltage of the low-voltage battery is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal, the low-voltage battery can discharge to the power supply terminal through the discharge MOS device and the charging MOS device, and control the charging MOS device to conduct under high current conditions, reducing the risk of device damage caused by the current flowing only through the body diode of the charging MOS device.

[0028] A second aspect of this application also provides a vehicle power distribution architecture, including a battery charging and discharging architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0029] A third aspect of this application also provides a vehicle, including: a battery charging and discharging architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0030] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the vehicle includes a low-voltage battery and a power supply terminal. The power supply terminal can supply power to the low-voltage load in the vehicle. When the voltage of the power supply terminal is greater than the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery, the power supply terminal can charge the low-voltage battery through a current limiting circuit. When the power supply terminal suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage of the power supply terminal decreases, and the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal. The low-voltage battery can discharge to the power supply terminal to provide power through a bidirectional switching circuit. Without software intervention, it can meet the power demand when the power supply terminal is connected to a high-power load in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0031] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first structure of the battery charging and discharging architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the battery charging and discharging architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the battery charging and discharging architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fourth structure of the battery charging and discharging architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the fifth structure of the battery charging and discharging architecture provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a sixth structural schematic diagram of the battery charging and discharging architecture provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0042] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase "second connection port" at various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0044] In the relevant vehicle power distribution architecture, when there is a large current demand at the load end, the discharge function cannot be executed instantly or in real time, or there is a risk of damage to the MOS circuit when the discharge is executed instantly.

[0045] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a battery charging and discharging architecture, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, the battery charging and discharging architecture in this embodiment includes: a low-voltage battery 100, a current limiting circuit 400, a bidirectional switching circuit 300, a main control circuit 500, and a power supply terminal 200; the low-voltage battery 100 is connected to the power supply terminal 200 via the current limiting circuit 400; the bidirectional switching circuit 300 is connected in parallel with the current limiting circuit 400, and the bidirectional switching circuit 300 is controlled by the main control circuit 500.

[0046] In this embodiment, when the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 is greater than the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100, the power supply terminal 200 can charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. However, when the power supply terminal 200 suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 decreases, and the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100 is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal 200. The low-voltage battery 100 can then discharge to the power supply terminal 200 to provide power without software intervention. This can meet the power demand of the power supply terminal 200 when a high-power load is connected in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0047] In some embodiments, the power supply terminal 200 can be connected to both a low-voltage load and an external power supply terminal. The external power supply terminal can supply power to the power supply terminal 200 via a voltage conversion circuit. If the power supply power of the external power supply terminal is greater than the power demand of the low-voltage load, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 can be greater than the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery 100, allowing the power supply terminal 200 to charge the low-voltage battery 100 via a bidirectional switching circuit 300. If the power demand of the low-voltage load connected to the power supply terminal 200 suddenly increases, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 decreases, and the voltage of the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery 100 becomes greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal 200. The low-voltage battery 100 can then discharge to the power supply terminal 200 via the bidirectional switching circuit 300 to provide electrical energy. This solves the problem of insufficient power supply power from the external power supply terminal. Without software intervention, it can meet the power demand of the power supply terminal 200 when connected to a high-power load in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0048] In some embodiments, the current limiting circuit 400 includes one or more current limiting resistors, which can limit the current flowing from the power supply terminal 200 to the low-voltage battery 100, thereby reducing the risk to the low-voltage battery 100 caused by excessive current in the power supply terminal 200.

[0049] In some embodiments, the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor can be in the range of 1k ohms to 10k ohms.

[0050] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 As shown, the bidirectional switching circuit 300 includes a charging MOS device 310 and a discharging MOS device 320, which are connected back-to-back.

[0051] In this embodiment, the back-to-back connection of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 indicates that the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 are connected in series, and the sources of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 are commonly connected, or the drains of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 are commonly connected. Because the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 are connected back-to-back, the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 can be controlled by the main control circuit 500 to change the current transmission direction of the bidirectional switching circuit 300. When the voltage at the power supply terminal 200 is greater than the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100, the charging MOS device 310 can be set to the off state, while the discharging MOS device 320 can be set to the on state. The power supply terminal 200 can charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. However, when the power supply terminal 200 suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage at the power supply terminal 200 decreases, and the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100 becomes greater than the voltage at the power supply terminal 200. The low-voltage battery 100 can then discharge power to the power supply terminal 200 through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320. Without software intervention, this can meet the power demand of the power supply terminal 200 when a high-power load is connected in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0052] In some embodiments, the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 can be N-type MOS transistors.

[0053] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 As shown, the bidirectional switching circuit 300 includes: multiple charging MOS devices 310 and multiple discharging MOS devices 320, with the multiple charging MOS devices 310 and multiple discharging MOS devices 320 connected back to back.

[0054] In this embodiment, multiple charging MOS devices 310 and multiple discharging MOS devices 320 connected back-to-back represent multiple charging MOS devices 310 connected in parallel, and multiple discharging MOS devices 320 connected in parallel. The multiple charging MOS devices 310 and the multiple discharging MOS devices 320 connected in parallel are connected in series, and the sources of the charging MOS devices 310 and the discharging MOS devices 320 are connected together, or the drains of the charging MOS devices 310 and the discharging MOS devices 320 are connected together. Since the multiple charging MOS devices 310 and the multiple discharging MOS devices 320 are connected back-to-back, the current transmission direction of the bidirectional switching circuit 300 can be changed by the main control circuit 500. When the voltage at the power supply terminal 200 is greater than the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100, by setting at least one charging MOS device 310 to the off state and at least one discharging MOS device 320 to the on state, the power supply terminal 200 can charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. When the power supply terminal 200 suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage at the power supply terminal 200 decreases, and the voltage at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100 is greater than the voltage at the power supply terminal 200. The low-voltage battery 100 can then discharge power to the power supply terminal 200 through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320, providing power without software intervention. This can meet the power demand of the power supply terminal 200 when a high-power load is connected in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0055] In some embodiments, multiple charging MOS devices 310 can be connected in parallel. When any one of the charging MOS devices 310 is turned on, the low-voltage battery 100 can be charged by the power supply terminal 200 as long as the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 is greater than the voltage of the low-voltage battery 100. Because the resistance of the current limiting circuit 400 is relatively large, when any one of the charging MOS devices 310 is turned on, the current from the power supply terminal 200 does not flow to the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400, but instead flows to the low-voltage battery 100 through the charging MOS device 310.

[0056] In some embodiments, multiple discharge MOS devices 320 can be connected in parallel. When any one of the discharge MOS devices 320 is turned on, the low-voltage battery 100 can discharge to the power supply terminal 200 when the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 is less than the voltage of the low-voltage battery 100.

[0057] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 As shown, the source of the charging MOS device 310 is connected to the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100, the drain of the charging MOS device 310 is connected to the drain of the discharging MOS device 320, and the source of the discharging MOS device 320 is connected to the power supply terminal 200.

[0058] In this embodiment, by connecting the drain of the charging MOS device 310 to the drain of the discharging MOS device 320, the current of the low-voltage battery 100 can still flow to the power supply terminal 200 through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 even when the charging MOS device 310 is turned off. When the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 is greater than the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100 when the charging MOS device is turned off, the power supply terminal 200 can charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. When the power supply terminal 200 suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 decreases, and the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100 is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal 200. The low-voltage battery 100 can then discharge to the power supply terminal 200 through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 to provide power. Without software intervention, this can meet the power demand of the power supply terminal 200 when a high-power load is connected in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0059] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 As shown, the drain of the discharge MOS device 320 is connected to the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100, the source of the discharge MOS device 320 is connected to the source of the charging MOS device 310, and the drain of the charging MOS device 310 is connected to the power supply terminal 200.

[0060] In this embodiment, by connecting the source of the charging MOS device 310 to the source of the discharging MOS device 320, the current of the low-voltage battery 100 can still flow to the power supply terminal 200 through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 even when the charging MOS device 310 is turned off. When the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 is greater than the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100 when the charging MOS device is turned off, the power supply terminal 200 can charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. When the power supply terminal 200 suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 decreases, and the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100 is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal 200. The low-voltage battery 100 can then discharge to the power supply terminal 200 through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 to provide power. Without software intervention, this can meet the power demand of the power supply terminal 200 when a high-power load is connected in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0061] In some embodiments, when the main control circuit 500 is charging the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400 at the power supply terminal 200, it controls the charging MOS device 310 to turn off and the discharging MOS device 320 to turn on.

[0062] In this embodiment, since the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 are arranged back-to-back, by setting the charging MOS device 310 to be off and the discharging MOS device 320 to be on, the low-voltage battery 100 can supply power to the power supply terminal 200 through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320 when the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 is less than the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100. Furthermore, since the current limiting circuit 400 is connected in parallel with the bidirectional switching circuit 300, the low-voltage battery 100 can be charged by the power supply terminal 200 when the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 is greater than the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100. Thus, as the power demand of the load connected to the power supply terminal 200 changes, the direction of power transmission between the power supply terminal 200 and the low-voltage battery 100 can be switched at any time without software intervention, thereby achieving the purpose of stable power supply to the load connected to the power supply terminal 200 and reducing the risk caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0063] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 500 is also used to control the charging MOS device 310 to turn on when the current of the bidirectional switching circuit 300 reaches a preset current threshold.

[0064] In this embodiment, since the charging MOS device 310 is turned off, when the voltage at the power supply terminal 200 is greater than that at the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100, the power supply terminal 200 can charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. When the load has a large instantaneous current demand, the voltage at the power supply terminal 200 drops, and the low-voltage battery 100 discharges instantly to the load connected to the power supply terminal 200 through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320. Without software intervention, the main control circuit 500 detects the current in the circuit. When the circuit current reaches the preset current threshold, the hardware automatically triggers the charging MOS device 310 to close again. The current of the low-voltage battery 100 discharges to the outside through the charging MOS device 310 and the discharging MOS device 320, avoiding damage to the MOS device caused by the current passing through the parasitic diode of the charging MOS device 310, protecting the charging MOS tube and reducing the risk of device damage.

[0065] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 500 is also used to control the charging MOS device 310 to turn on when the temperature of the bidirectional switching circuit 300 reaches a preset temperature threshold.

[0066] In this embodiment of the application, under some unstable application environments, due to changes in the external environment or actual changes in the load device connected to the power supply terminal 200, the current flowing through the bidirectional switching circuit 300 may be large, and the temperature of the bidirectional switching circuit 300 may reach a preset temperature threshold. In this case, the risk of device damage caused by the current flowing only through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310 can be reduced by controlling the charging MOS device 310 to be turned on.

[0067] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 As shown, the battery charging and discharging architecture also includes a voltage conversion circuit 610, which is connected between the external power supply terminal 620 and the power supply terminal 200. The voltage conversion circuit 610 is used to supply power to the power supply terminal 200.

[0068] In this embodiment, the power supply terminal 200 is connected to the voltage conversion circuit 610. Under normal circumstances, the power supply terminal 200 is powered by the external power supply terminal 620 through the voltage conversion circuit 610. When the power output of the voltage conversion circuit 610 is insufficient, or when the high-power electronic device connected to the power supply terminal 200 is started, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 may drop significantly. At this time, the voltage of the current limiting circuit 400 near the power supply terminal 200 is less than the voltage of the low-voltage battery 100. The power supply terminal 200 does not charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. Since the voltage of the low-voltage battery 100 is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal 200, the low-voltage battery 100 can discharge to the power supply terminal 200 through the discharge MOS device 320 and the charging MOS device 310. Under high current conditions, the charging MOS device 310 is controlled to conduct, reducing the risk of device damage caused by current flowing only through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310.

[0069] In some embodiments, the external power supply terminal 620 can be connected to a power battery pack.

[0070] In some embodiments, the main control circuit 500 is also used to detect the first output power of the voltage conversion circuit 610 to the power supply terminal 200, and when the first output power is less than the load power of the power supply terminal 200, control the low-voltage battery 100 to provide a second output power to the power supply terminal 200 through the bidirectional switching circuit 300.

[0071] In this embodiment, the power supply terminal 200 is connected to the voltage conversion circuit 610. Under normal circumstances, the power supply terminal 200 is powered by the external power supply terminal 620 through the voltage conversion circuit 610. When the power output of the voltage conversion circuit 610 is insufficient, or when the high-power electronic device connected to the power supply terminal 200 is started, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 may drop significantly. At this time, the voltage of the current limiting circuit 400 near the power supply terminal 200 is less than the voltage of the low-voltage battery 100. The power supply terminal 200 does not charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. Since the voltage of the low-voltage battery 100 is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal 200, the low-voltage battery 100 can discharge to the power supply terminal 200 through the discharge MOS device 320 and the charging MOS device 310. Under high current conditions, the charging MOS device 310 is controlled to conduct, reducing the risk of device damage caused by current flowing only through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310.

[0072] This application also provides a vehicle power distribution architecture, including a battery charging and discharging architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0073] This application also provides a vehicle, including a battery charging and discharging architecture as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0074] In this embodiment, the vehicle includes a low-voltage battery 100 and a power supply terminal 200. The power supply terminal 200 can supply power to low-voltage loads in the vehicle. When the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 is greater than the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100, the power supply terminal 200 can charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. When the power supply terminal 200 suddenly has a large current demand, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 decreases, and the voltage of the positive terminal of the low-voltage battery 100 is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal 200. The low-voltage battery 100 can then discharge to the power supply terminal 200 to provide power through the bidirectional switching circuit 300. Without software intervention, the power demand of the power supply terminal 200 when connected to a high-power load can be met in real time, reducing the risk of safety hazards caused by sudden changes in load power.

[0075] In some embodiments, the vehicle includes a power battery pack connected to an external power supply terminal 620. The power battery pack supplies power to the power supply terminal 200 via a voltage conversion circuit 610. When the power output of the voltage conversion circuit 610 is insufficient, or when a high-power electronic device connected to the power supply terminal 200 is started, the voltage of the power supply terminal 200 may drop significantly. At this time, the voltage of the current limiting circuit 400 near the power supply terminal 200 is less than the voltage of the low-voltage battery 100. The power supply terminal 200 does not charge the low-voltage battery 100 through the current limiting circuit 400. Since the voltage of the low-voltage battery 100 is greater than the voltage of the power supply terminal 200, the low-voltage battery 100 can discharge to the power supply terminal 200 through the discharge MOS device 320 and the charging MOS device 310. Under high current conditions, the charging MOS device 310 is controlled to conduct, reducing the risk of device damage caused by current flowing only through the body diode of the charging MOS device 310.

[0076] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the above-described division of functional units and modules is merely an example. In practical applications, the above functions can be assigned to different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiments can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. Furthermore, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for easy differentiation and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above system can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0078] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the electronic device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0079] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0080] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0081] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A battery charge and discharge architecture, characterized by, The battery charging and discharging architecture comprises a low-voltage battery, a current-limiting circuit, a bidirectional switch circuit, a master control circuit and a power supply end. The low-voltage battery is connected to the power supply end through the current-limiting circuit. The bidirectional switch circuit is connected in parallel with the current-limiting circuit, and is controlled by the master control circuit.

2. The battery charging and discharging architecture of claim 1, wherein, The bidirectional switch circuit comprises a charging MOS device and a discharging MOS device, which are connected back-to-back.

3. The battery charging and discharging architecture of claim 1, wherein, The bidirectional switch circuit comprises a plurality of charging MOS devices and a plurality of discharging MOS devices, which are connected back-to-back.

4. The battery charge and discharge architecture of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The source of the charging MOS device is connected to the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery, the drain of the charging MOS device is connected to the drain of the discharging MOS device, and the source of the discharging MOS device is connected to the power supply end.

5. The battery charging and discharging architecture of claim 2 or 3, wherein, The drain of the discharging MOS device is connected to the positive electrode of the low-voltage battery, the source of the discharging MOS device is connected to the source of the charging MOS device, and the drain of the charging MOS device is connected to the power supply end.

6. The battery charging and discharging architecture of claim 2 or 3, wherein, When the master control circuit charges the low-voltage battery through the power supply end and the current-limiting circuit, the master control circuit controls the charging MOS device to be turned off and the discharging MOS device to be turned on.

7. The battery charging and discharging architecture of claim 6, wherein, The master control circuit is further configured to control the charging MOS device to be turned on when the current of the bidirectional switch circuit reaches a preset current threshold.

8. The battery charging and discharging architecture of claim 6, wherein, The master control circuit is further configured to control the charging MOS device to be turned on when the temperature of the bidirectional switch circuit reaches a preset temperature threshold.

9. The battery charging and discharging architecture of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The battery charging and discharging architecture further comprises: A voltage conversion circuit connected between an external power supply end and the power supply end, for supplying power to the power supply end.

10. The battery charging and discharging architecture of claim 9, wherein, The master control circuit is further configured to detect a first output power of the voltage conversion circuit to the power supply end, and control the low-voltage battery to provide a second output power to the power supply end through the bidirectional switch circuit when the first output power is less than a load power of the power supply end.

11. A vehicle power distribution architecture, characterized by, The battery charging and discharging architecture comprises: The battery charging and discharging architecture of any one of claims 1-10.

12. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The battery charging and discharging architecture comprises: The battery charging and discharging architecture of any one of claims 1-10.

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