Calcium carbide furnace door capable of being automatically opened and closed

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of metallurgical equipment, and discloses a calcium carbide furnace door capable of being automatically opened and closed, which comprises a furnace body and a furnace door arranged at the top of the furnace body, and further comprises a lifting assembly used for driving the furnace door, the lifting assembly comprises a rack, and the rack is arranged on the furnace body; the fixed pulley is arranged on the rack; the steel cable penetrates through the fixed pulley and is fixedly connected with the furnace door; the clamping arm is fixedly arranged on the rack; the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with the free end of the steel cable, the hydraulic cylinder is rotationally connected with the clamping arm, and a locking bolt is arranged at the hinged point of the hydraulic cylinder and the clamping arm; according to the scheme, the steel cable can be tightened again by rotating the hydraulic cylinder and locking the hinge point of the hydraulic cylinder and the clamping arm through the locking bolt, so that the telescopic action of the hydraulic cylinder every time corresponds to the opening and closing amount of the furnace door; the utility model solves the problem that the conventional electric arc furnace door steel cable is easy to stretch and lengthen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This solution belongs to the field of metallurgical equipment technology, specifically involving an automatic opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door. Background Technology

[0002] The calcium carbide furnace is a key piece of equipment in calcium carbide production, using high temperatures to react limestone and coke to produce calcium carbide. The electric arc furnace, a type of calcium carbide furnace, works by using an electric arc generated between electrodes and the furnace charge to heat the material, achieving melting or a chemical reaction. Electric arc furnaces offer advantages such as rapid heating and precise temperature control, and are widely used in large-scale calcium carbide production. They also feature high flexibility, low energy consumption, short production cycles, and environmental friendliness, making them suitable for smelting various materials.

[0003] Traditional electric arc furnaces mostly rely on manual opening and closing, which suffers from high labor intensity, operational risks, and poor sealing, impacting production efficiency and causing environmental pollution. With the development of automation technology, the automation level of electric arc furnaces is gradually improving, and automatic opening and closing of furnace doors has become a key area for improvement, enhancing efficiency and the working environment.

[0004] See the existing publication (announcement) document CN111964432A, which discloses a heat-insulating and smoke-proof multifunctional electric arc furnace door, including: three sets of lifting doors installed on a hexagonal furnace wall, a lifting drive device set on the top of the furnace cover, and a cooling system contained in the furnace wall. The furnace cover is hexagonal, and the furnace wall is constructed around the six sides of the furnace cover and supports the furnace cover on its top. The three sets of lifting doors and their lifting drive devices are set on three non-adjacent sections of the wall. The upper half of the three sections of the wall and the hexagonal corners together form the door frame of the lifting door. The cooling system set inside the door frame prevents heat and smoke from escaping.

[0005] For example, the furnace door of the aforementioned electric arc furnace is designed as a lifting door, using the extension and retraction of a hydraulic cylinder piston rod to pull a steel cable, thereby opening or closing the door. However, the internal temperature of the electric arc furnace is extremely high during operation, and the surrounding ambient temperature is also very high. This high-temperature environment causes the metal material of the steel cable to thermally expand, increasing its length. Furthermore, the high temperature may also alter the material properties of the steel cable, such as reducing its strength and elastic modulus, further exacerbating the tensile deformation. Due to the increased side length of the steel cable, this elongation leads to inconsistent opening and closing of the furnace door, affecting its sealing performance and the accuracy of opening and closing, which may consequently impact the normal operation and production efficiency of the electric arc furnace. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this solution is to provide an automatically opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door to solve the problem of the steel cable of the electric arc furnace door becoming elongated due to stretching.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this solution provides an automatically opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door, including a furnace body and a furnace door located at the top of the furnace body, and further including a lifting assembly for driving the furnace door, the lifting assembly comprising:

[0008] A frame, which is mounted on the furnace body;

[0009] A fixed pulley, which is mounted on the frame;

[0010] A steel cable passes through a fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the furnace door;

[0011] A clamping arm, which is fixedly mounted on the frame;

[0012] A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the free end of the steel cable and rotatably connected to the clamping arm. The hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder and the clamping arm is provided with a locking bolt.

[0013] The principle of this solution is as follows: the furnace door is raised or lowered by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, transmitted through the steel cable and fixed pulley. When the steel cable stretches due to high temperature, the steel cable can be tightened again by rotating the hydraulic cylinder and locking the hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder and the clamping arm with locking bolts. This ensures that each extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder corresponds to the opening and closing of the furnace door, avoiding inconsistencies in furnace door opening and closing caused by steel cable stretching.

[0014] The effect of this solution is as follows: The extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder, transmitted through the steel cable and fixed pulley, enables the furnace door to be raised or lowered. When the steel cable stretches due to high temperature, rotating the hydraulic cylinder and locking the hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder and the clamping arm with locking bolts can tighten the steel cable again. This ensures that each extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder corresponds to the opening and closing of the furnace door, avoiding inconsistencies in furnace door opening and closing caused by steel cable stretching. This improves the accuracy of furnace door opening and closing, ensuring the stable operation and production efficiency of the electric arc furnace.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixed pulley includes a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley, both of which are spaced apart and positioned directly above the furnace door; one end of the steel cable is connected to the first steel cable and the second steel cable, the free end of the first steel cable passes through the first fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the furnace door; the free end of the second steel cable passes through the second fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the furnace door; the connection points of the first steel cable and the furnace door are symmetrically arranged with respect to the connection points of the second steel cable and the furnace door.

[0016] The principle and effect of this scheme are as follows: by setting up a first fixed pulley and a second fixed pulley, and by passing the first steel cable and the second steel cable through the corresponding fixed pulleys and symmetrically connecting them to the furnace door, the furnace door can be lifted in a balanced manner.

[0017] Furthermore, the steel cable is equipped with anti-slip chains.

[0018] The principle and effect of this solution is to prevent the steel cable from slipping when under stress by increasing the friction between the steel cable and the connection point.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a shifting assembly, which includes a support column and a connecting column. The support column is connected to a drive unit for driving the support column to rotate. The free end of the support column is fixedly connected to the connecting column. The free end of the connecting column is hinged to a boom. The free end of the boom is fixedly connected to the frame.

[0020] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: During the operation of an calcium carbide furnace, it is not only necessary to raise or lower the furnace door to open and close it, but sometimes, in order to fully open the furnace door and move it away from the furnace body to provide sufficient space for operators to perform feeding and maintenance operations, it is also necessary to move the furnace door to a position away from the furnace body. In this solution, after the lifting assembly raises the furnace door above the furnace body, the drive unit drives the support column to rotate. The support column then drives the connecting column and the boom to rotate, thereby moving the frame and ultimately rotating the furnace door away from the furnace body to provide sufficient space for operation.

[0021] Furthermore, the furnace door is provided with an electrode, and the electrode is connected to a lifting assembly for lifting the electrode, the lifting assembly being mounted on a support column.

[0022] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: When maintaining the electrodes in the calcium carbide furnace, it is also necessary to move them away from the furnace body. This solution involves setting the lifting assembly for lifting the electrodes on the support column, lifting the electrodes by the lifting assembly, and then rotating the support column to drive the lifting assembly to rotate, thereby moving the electrodes away from the furnace body.

[0023] Furthermore, the fixed pulley is provided with an annular cavity, and a return steel ball is provided in the annular cavity, with the return steel ball located to the right of the central axis of the fixed pulley.

[0024] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: When lifting the furnace door, because the steel cable passes through a fixed pulley, when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder retracts to its limit, the fixed pulley's rotational inertia can cause it to continue rotating forward a short distance, thus driving the steel cable forward a little further. This can lead to the steel cable loosening and causing the furnace door to vibrate. To prevent the furnace door from loosening, this solution overcomes the weight of the return steel ball while the fixed pulley is rotating normally, allowing the steel cable to move normally. After the hydraulic cylinder stops, the return steel ball returns to its initial position, located to the right of the fixed pulley's central axis, causing the fixed pulley to rotate a short distance, thus tightening the steel cable again and preventing furnace door vibration.

[0025] Furthermore, a sliding groove is provided inside the annular cavity, and the return steel ball is slidably connected to the sliding groove.

[0026] The principle and effect of this scheme are as follows: the groove is used to provide positioning and guidance for the movement of the return steel ball in the cavity.

[0027] Furthermore, the fixed pulley has a groove, a touch switch is slidably mounted in the groove, the touch switch is connected to a spring, the free end of the spring is fixedly connected to the groove, the return steel ball is configured to cooperate with the touch switch, and the touch switch is electrically connected to an alarm.

[0028] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: Since the steel cable will stretch during use, its length needs to be monitored to prevent it from becoming too long, which could cause inconsistencies between the hydraulic cylinder and the furnace door's opening / closing range, affecting the door's operation. In this solution, during the normal rotation of the fixed pulley, the touch switch is subjected to centrifugal force generated by the pulley's rotation, compressing the spring and preventing it from colliding with the steel ball. After the hydraulic cylinder stops working, the steel ball returns to its initial position. If the touch switch is pressed against by the steel ball, the alarm will not sound, indicating that the steel cable has not been stretched or the stretch is within the allowable range. If the furnace door needs to be raised to a specified height and the steel cable is overstretched, the extension / retraction of the hydraulic cylinder must be increased. This causes the fixed pulley to continue rotating, retracting the steel cable and moving the touch switch, which should be in contact with the steel ball, away from it. Since the touch switch is not in contact with the steel ball, the alarm will sound, indicating that the steel cable is overstretched and needs to be replaced.

[0029] Furthermore, the touch switch is connected to a slider, which is slidably disposed within the groove.

[0030] The principle and effect of this solution is that the slider moves the touch switch within the groove.

[0031] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided in the groove, and the slider is slidably connected to the guide groove.

[0032] The principle and effect of this solution are as follows: the guide groove is used to provide positioning and guidance for the movement of the slider within the groove. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a side view of an automatically opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a top view of the calcium carbide furnace door of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting component of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fixed pulley of this utility model.

[0037] The corresponding labels in the attached drawings are named as follows: Furnace body 1, Furnace door 2, Lifting assembly 3, Frame 31, Fixed pulley 32, First fixed pulley 321, Second fixed pulley 322, Annular cavity 323, Groove 324, Steel cable 33, Clamping arm 34, Hydraulic cylinder 35, Shifting assembly 4, Support column 41, Connecting column 42, Hanging arm 43, Electrode 5, Lifting assembly 6, Return steel ball 7, Touch switch 8, Spring 81, Slider 82. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following will describe the concept and technical effects of this utility model clearly and completely with reference to the embodiments, so as to fully understand the purpose, features and effects of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 An automatic opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door includes a furnace body 1 and a furnace door 2 located on the top of the furnace body 1. An electrode 5 is inserted through the furnace door 2. The electrode 5 is connected to a lifting assembly 6 for lifting the electrode 5. The lifting assembly 6 is prior art and can be referred to the lifting mechanism of CN102625508A.

[0041] Please see Figures 1-3 It also includes a lifting assembly 3 for driving the furnace door 2. The lifting assembly 3 includes a frame 31 and fixed pulleys 32. The frame 31 is mounted on the furnace body 1. The fixed pulleys 32 include three fixed pulleys, two of which are a first fixed pulley 321 and a second fixed pulley 322. The first fixed pulley 321 and the second fixed pulley 322 are spaced apart on the frame 31 and located directly above the furnace door 2. The fixed pulleys 32 are connected to a steel cable 33. The steel cable 33 is equipped with an anti-slip chain to increase the friction between the steel cable 33 and the connection point and prevent the steel cable 33 from slipping when under force. One end of the steel cable 33 is connected to a first steel cable 331 and a second steel cable 332. The free end of the first fixed pulley 321 passes through the first fixed pulley 321 and is fixedly connected to the furnace door 2; the free end of the second steel cable 332 passes through the second fixed pulley 322 and is fixedly connected to the furnace door 2; the connection point between the first steel cable 331 and the furnace door 2 is symmetrically arranged with the connection point between the second steel cable 332 and the furnace door 2, thereby lifting the furnace door 2 in a balanced manner; the frame 31 is also provided with a clamping arm 34, which is rotatably connected to a hydraulic cylinder 35, that is, rotatably connected to the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 35. The hydraulic cylinder 35 is fixedly connected to the free end of the steel cable 33, and the hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder 35 and the clamping arm 34 (except for the pivot) is provided with a locking bolt (not shown in the figure) for locking the hydraulic cylinder 35.

[0042] Specific working principle: The furnace door 2 is raised or lowered by the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 35, transmitted through the steel cable 33 and the fixed pulley 32. When the steel cable 33 stretches due to high temperature, the steel cable 33 can be tightened again by rotating the hydraulic cylinder 35 and locking the hinge point between the hydraulic cylinder 35 and the clamping arm 34 with the locking bolt. This ensures that each extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 35 corresponds to the opening and closing of the furnace door 2, avoiding inconsistencies in the opening and closing of the furnace door 2 caused by the stretching of the steel cable 33.

[0043] Please continue reading. Figures 1-3 The hydraulic cylinder 35 can be replaced with a pneumatic motor and reducer (not shown in the figure). The pneumatic motor is powered by compressed air with a working pressure of 0.35-0.4 MPa. The air inlet is equipped with an impurity filter and an oil-water separator. The output end of the pneumatic motor is fixedly connected to the input end of the reducer, and the output end of the reducer is fixedly connected to one end of the steel cable 33. When the air supply to the starting motor is interrupted, the furnace door 2 is in the last air supply interruption position and remains unchanged. The furnace door 2 is equipped with a limit switch to provide signals for the furnace door 2 to be fully open and fully closed, preventing the pneumatic motor from over-driving the reducer and causing damage to the equipment. The furnace door 2 is equipped with a cylinder (not shown in the figure) for locking the furnace door 2. The cylinder must be paired with a position magnetic switch to provide the locked position of the furnace door 2, and a safety interlock design with the pneumatic motor is required. The furnace door 2 is also equipped with a position sensor to detect the opening and closing position of the furnace door 2. It also includes a central control room equipped with a DCS system. The opening and closing of furnace door 2 can be operated via both DCS and on-site methods. Under normal circumstances, in remote mode, operators can remotely control the automatic opening and closing of the furnace inspection door through the DCS in the central control room. The opening, closing, and locking status of the inspection door are displayed on the DCS screen. When on-site installation, commissioning, or maintenance is required, the system switches to local operation mode, allowing operators to control the automatic opening and closing of furnace door 2 on-site.

[0044] Please continue reading. Figures 1-3 It also includes a shifting assembly 4 for moving the furnace door 2. The shifting assembly 4 includes a support column 41 and a connecting column 42. The support column 41 is connected to a drive unit for driving the support column 41 to rotate. The drive unit adopts existing technology, such as a slewing device for driving the tower crane boom to rotate. The free end of the support column 41 is fixedly connected to the connecting column 42. The free end of the connecting column 42 is hinged to a boom 43. The free end of the boom 43 is fixedly connected to the frame 31. The lifting assembly 6 is provided on the support column 41.

[0045] Specific working principle: After the lifting assembly 3 lifts the furnace door 2 above the furnace body 1, the drive unit drives the support column 41 to rotate. The support column 41 then drives the connecting column 42 and the boom 43 to rotate, thereby moving the frame 31 and causing the furnace door 2 to rotate away from the furnace body 1, providing sufficient space for operation. Simultaneously, when it is necessary to move the electrode 5, the lifting assembly 6 can be used to lift the electrode 5, and then the rotation of the support column 41 drives the lifting assembly 6 to rotate, thereby moving the electrode 5 away from the furnace body 1.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] The differences between this embodiment and the previous embodiment are as follows:

[0048] Please see Figure 4 The fixed pulley 32 has an annular cavity 323, within which a return steel ball 7 is housed. A groove is also provided within the annular cavity 323, and the return steel ball 7 is slidably connected to the groove. The groove provides positioning and guidance for the movement of the return steel ball 7 within the cavity 323. The return steel ball 7 is located to the right of the central axis of the fixed pulley 32, and initially positioned slightly to the left of the central axis. The fixed pulley 32 has a groove 324, within which a touch switch 8 is installed. The switch 8 is connected to a slider 82, which drives the touch switch 8 to move within the groove 324. The slider 82 is slidably disposed within the groove 324, which has a guide groove. The slider 82 is slidably connected to the guide groove, which provides positioning and guidance for the movement of the slider 82 within the groove 324. The touch switch 8 is connected to a spring 81, the free end of which is fixedly connected to the groove 324. The return ball 7 is configured to cooperate with the touch switch 8. The touch switch 8 is electrically connected to an alarm.

[0049] Specific working principle: When lifting the furnace door 2, since the steel cable 33 passes through the fixed pulley 32, when the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 35 retracts to its limit, the fixed pulley 32, due to its rotational inertia, tends to continue rotating forward a short distance, thus driving the steel cable 33 forward a little further. This causes the steel cable 33 to loosen, resulting in vibration of the furnace door 2. To prevent the furnace door 2 from loosening, the weight of the return steel ball 7 is overcome when the fixed pulley 32 rotates normally, driving the steel cable 33 to move normally. After the hydraulic cylinder 35 stops, the return steel ball 7 returns to its initial position, that is, to the right of the central axis of the fixed pulley 32, thereby causing the fixed pulley 32 to rotate back a short distance, so that the steel cable 33 is tightened again, preventing the furnace door 2 from vibrating.

[0050] During the normal rotation of the fixed pulley 32, the touch switch 8 is subjected to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the fixed pulley 32, compressing the spring 81, so that the touch switch 8 will not collide with the steel ball 7. After the hydraulic cylinder 35 stops working, the steel ball 7 returns to the starting position. If the touch switch 8 is pressed by the steel ball 7, the alarm will not sound, indicating that the steel cable 33 has not been stretched or the stretching is within the allowable range. If it is necessary to raise the furnace door 2 to a specified height and the steel cable 33 is overstretched, it is necessary to increase the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 35, so that the fixed pulley 32 continues to rotate and drives the steel cable 33 to retract, so that the touch switch 8, which should have been in contact with the steel ball 7, moves away from the steel ball 7. Since the touch switch 8 is not in contact with the steel ball 7, the alarm will sound, indicating that the steel cable 33 is overstretched and needs to be replaced.

[0051] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model, and common knowledge regarding specific structures and characteristics is not elaborated upon here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. These modifications will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application shall be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatically openable and closable calcium carbide furnace door, comprising a furnace body (1) and a furnace door (2) arranged on the top of the furnace body (1), and further comprising a lifting assembly (3) for driving the furnace door (2), characterized in that, The lifting assembly (3) comprises: a rack (31) arranged on the furnace body (1); a fixed pulley (32) arranged on the rack (31); a steel cable (33) passing through the fixed pulley (32) and fixedly connected with the furnace door (2); a clamping arm (34) fixedly arranged on the rack (31); a hydraulic cylinder (35) fixedly connected with the free end of the steel cable (33) and rotationally connected with the clamping arm (34), and the hinge point of the hydraulic cylinder (35) and the clamping arm (34) is provided with a locking bolt.

2. The electric furnace door capable of being automatically opened and closed according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed pulley (32) comprises a first fixed pulley (321) and a second fixed pulley (322), both of which are arranged above the furnace door (2) in a spaced manner; one end of the steel cable (33) is connected with a first steel cable (331) and a second steel cable (332), the free end of the first steel cable (331) passes through the first fixed pulley (321) and is fixedly connected with the furnace door (2); the free end of the second steel cable (332) passes through the second fixed pulley (322) and is fixedly connected with the furnace door (2); the connection points of the first steel cable (331) and the furnace door (2) and the connection points of the second steel cable (332) and the furnace door (2) are symmetrically arranged.

3. The self-opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door according to claim 2, characterized in that: A non-slip chain is arranged on the steel cable (33).

4. The self-opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door according to claim 2, characterized in that: Further comprising a displacement assembly (4) comprising a support column (41) connected with a driving unit for driving the support column (41) to rotate, a free end of the support column (41) is fixedly connected with a link column (42), a free end of the link column (42) is hingedly connected with a lifting arm (43), and a free end of the lifting arm (43) is fixedly connected with the rack (31).

5. The self-opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door according to claim 4, characterized in that: The furnace door (2) is provided with an electrode (5), and a lifting assembly (6) for lifting the electrode (5) is connected with the electrode (5), and the lifting assembly (6) is arranged on the support column (41).

6. The self-opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed pulley (32) is provided with an annular cavity (323), the annular cavity (323) is provided with a reset steel ball (7), and the reset steel ball (7) is arranged on the right side of the central axis of the fixed pulley (32).

7. The self-automatically openable and closable electric furnace door according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular cavity (323) is provided with a sliding groove, and the reset steel ball (7) is slidingly connected with the sliding groove.

8. The self-automatically openable and closable electric furnace door according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixed pulley (32) is provided with a groove (324), the groove (324) is slidingly provided with a touch switch (8), the touch switch (8) is connected with a spring (81), a free end of the spring (81) is fixedly connected with the groove (324), the reset steel ball (7) is arranged in cooperation with the touch switch (8), and the touch switch (8) is electrically connected with an alarm.

9. The self-activating calcium carbide furnace door of claim 8, wherein: The touch switch (8) is connected with a sliding block (82), and the sliding block (82) is slidingly arranged in the groove (324).

10. The self-opening and closing calcium carbide furnace door according to claim 9, characterized in that: The groove (324) is provided with a guide groove, and the sliding block (82) is slidingly connected with the guide groove.

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