Open-close type photovoltaic photo-thermal coupling system

Abstract

The utility model provides an open-close type photovoltaic photo-thermal coupling system which comprises a photo-thermal collector, a plurality of open-close type photovoltaic photo-thermal mechanisms distributed around the photo-thermal collector and a controller in communication connection with the open-close type photovoltaic photo-thermal mechanisms. Each opening and closing type photovoltaic photo-thermal mechanism comprises a photo-thermal reflecting mirror and a plurality of double-sided photovoltaic assemblies hinged to the outer edge of the photo-thermal reflecting mirror through first hinges. In the implementation mode, the controller adjusts the included angle between the double-sided photovoltaic module and the photo-thermal reflector through the first hinge according to the illumination condition so as to adjust the photovoltaic and photo-thermal power generation proportion, and the power generation capacity of the system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic and photothermal technology, and in particular to an openable photovoltaic and photothermal coupling system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continued growth of global energy demand and the advancement of carbon neutrality goals, solar energy, as one of the core forms of renewable energy, has received widespread attention.

[0003] Photovoltaic-thermal hybrid systems (PV-T) have become an important development direction for improving the overall efficiency of solar energy utilization. Among them, PV-T systems based on spectral separation strategies can effectively improve energy utilization. Through specific spectral separation structures, high-energy short-wavelength photons can preferentially enter the photovoltaic cells for photoelectric conversion, while low-energy long-wavelength photons pass through the photovoltaic modules into the photothermal system, realizing the synergistic utilization of electrical and thermal energy.

[0004] This strategy has high application potential in parabolic trough solar thermal power plants. By utilizing the synergistic effect of photovoltaic cells and solar thermal reflectors, the overall energy utilization rate of the system can be improved without affecting the original solar thermal system structure.

[0005] However, traditional photovoltaic-photothermal coupling systems typically use a combination of single-layer photovoltaic modules or semi-transparent photovoltaic cells and photothermal reflectors, but they cannot efficiently manage spectral energy of different wavelengths, resulting in neither photovoltaic nor photothermal utilization efficiency reaching its optimal level.

[0006] In addition, insufficient utilization of photovoltaic energy on the back of photovoltaic modules, such as in high concentration ratio or complex environments, results in the direct loss of light energy that is not absorbed by the front photovoltaic cells, without making full use of the back space for secondary photoelectric conversion, thus reducing the overall system's energy utilization efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0007] The summary section of this utility model is intended to briefly introduce the concepts, which will be described in detail in the detailed description section below. This summary section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed technical solution, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the claimed technical solution.

[0008] This invention provides an openable photovoltaic-thermal coupling system to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background section above.

[0009] The present invention discloses a retractable photovoltaic-thermal coupling system, comprising a solar thermal collector, multiple retractable photovoltaic-thermal mechanisms arranged around the solar thermal collector, and a controller communicatively connected to the multiple retractable photovoltaic-thermal mechanisms.

[0010] Each retractable photovoltaic-thermal mechanism includes a photovoltaic-thermal reflector and multiple bifacial photovoltaic modules hinged to the outer edge of the photovoltaic-thermal reflector via a first hinge.

[0011] In operation, the controller adjusts the angle between the bifacial photovoltaic module and the photothermal reflector via the first hinge to regulate the ratio of photovoltaic and photothermal power generation.

[0012] Optionally, each bifacial photovoltaic module includes two bifacial photovoltaic cells and two parallel linear slide rails, wherein the two parallel linear slide rails are hinged to a photothermal reflector via a first hinge, and the two linear slide rails are communicatively connected to a controller.

[0013] Optionally, the two bifacial photovoltaic cells are connected one-to-one with the sliders of the two linear slide rails;

[0014] In operation, the controller controls the slider to move the bifacial photovoltaic cells, so that the two bifacial photovoltaic cells are completely overlapping, partially overlapping, or completely offset, in order to adjust the light-receiving area of ​​the bifacial photovoltaic module.

[0015] Optionally, each of the bifacial photovoltaic modules includes a linear slide rail and a bifacial photovoltaic cell, wherein the bifacial photovoltaic cell is made of a flexible material and forms a retractable foldable structure by Z-shaped folding; one end of the bifacial photovoltaic cell is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear slide rail, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide rail, and the bottom of the linear slide rail is connected to the first hinge.

[0016] Optionally, each of the bifacial photovoltaic modules includes multiple columns and rows of bifacial photovoltaic cells. Two adjacent bifacial photovoltaic cells in each column are connected by a second hinge, and the bifacial photovoltaic cells close to the photothermal reflector are connected to the photothermal reflector by a first hinge, forming a grid-like uniform arrangement.

[0017] Optionally, each of the bifacial photovoltaic modules includes a plurality of uniformly arranged arc-shaped bifacial photovoltaic cells, each bifacial photovoltaic cell being hinged to the photothermal reflector via a first hinge; each bifacial photovoltaic cell is also connected to one or more series-hinged arc-shaped bifacial photovoltaic cells via a second hinge, forming a plurality of concentric circles, wherein the density of the bifacial photovoltaic cells in each concentric circle gradually decreases as they approach the photothermal reflector, forming a plurality of gradually shrinking concentric circles.

[0018] Optionally, the bifacial photovoltaic module includes multiple bifacial photovoltaic cells arranged uniformly, each bifacial photovoltaic cell being hinged to the photothermal reflector via a first hinge; each bifacial photovoltaic cell is also hinged to two or more bifacial photovoltaic cells via two or more second hinges, and the density of the bifacial photovoltaic cells gradually decreases as they approach the photothermal reflector.

[0019] Optionally, each bifacial photovoltaic module includes multiple bifacial photovoltaic cells, the density of which is distributed according to the orientation characteristics of the geographical location.

[0020] Optionally, in the Northern Hemisphere, the density of bifacial photovoltaic cells is increased in the southern region of the solar thermal reflector; in the Southern Hemisphere, the density of bifacial photovoltaic cells is increased in the northern region of the solar thermal reflector.

[0021] Optionally, the density of bifacial photovoltaic cells can be increased in the eastern and western regions of the solar thermal reflector in the morning or evening.

[0022] Optionally, each photothermal reflector is also connected to a tracking bracket.

[0023] The above embodiments of this utility model have the following beneficial effects:

[0024] In some embodiments of this utility model, the opening and closing photovoltaic photothermal coupling system uses a controller to control the first hinge to drive the double-sided photovoltaic module to rotate, thereby dynamically adjusting the angle between the double-sided photovoltaic cell and the photothermal reflector.

[0025] When temperatures are low or sunlight is strong, especially in winter, photovoltaic power generation plays a major role, and bifacial photovoltaic cells tend to be folded to prioritize photovoltaic power generation. When temperatures are high or sunlight is strong, bifacial photovoltaic modules tend to unfold to prioritize solar thermal power generation.

[0026] This system enables the adjustment of the photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation ratio based on sunlight conditions, thereby increasing the system's power output. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the openable photovoltaic photothermal coupling system of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third embodiment of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 This is a front view of Embodiment 5 of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment Six of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment Seven of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0039] 1: Photothermal reflector; 2: Bifacial photovoltaic module; 21: Bifacial photovoltaic cell; 22: Second hinge; 3: First hinge; 4: Linear slide rail; 5: Tracking bracket; 6: Photothermal collector. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0041] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0042] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. Furthermore, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly; for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0043] This disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] Please refer to the following first. Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the openable photovoltaic photothermal coupling system of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first embodiment of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the openable photovoltaic-thermal coupling system of this utility model includes a solar thermal collector 6, multiple openable photovoltaic-thermal mechanisms arranged around the solar thermal collector 6, and a controller. The multiple openable photovoltaic-thermal mechanisms are used for photovoltaic power generation and for reflecting sunlight onto the solar thermal collector 6 for solar thermal power generation.

[0045] Each retractable photovoltaic-thermal mechanism includes a tracking bracket 5, a photovoltaic-thermal reflector 1, and four bifacial photovoltaic modules 2 hinged to the outer edge of the photovoltaic-thermal reflector 1. The photovoltaic-thermal reflector 1 is connected to the tracking bracket 5. In operation, the tracking bracket 5 can maximize the solar radiation reception efficiency by dynamically adjusting the angle and orientation of the photovoltaic-thermal reflector 1 and the bifacial photovoltaic modules 2.

[0046] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, each bifacial photovoltaic module 2 includes a bifacial photovoltaic cell 21. Each bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 is connected to the photothermal reflector 1 via a first hinge 3.

[0047] The aforementioned solar thermal reflector 1 uses a highly reflective metal material or a mirror glass with a high-efficiency reflective coating to ensure that most of the sunlight is reflected to the solar thermal collector 6. The aforementioned bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 is a bifacial perovskite solar cell with a bandgap range of 1.4-2.5 eV. Both sides of this bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 absorb short-wavelength light from sunlight for photovoltaic power generation. The aforementioned solar thermal collector 6 uses a highly thermally conductive material, such as copper or aluminum, to ensure efficient heat transfer to the working medium. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can determine the tracking bracket 5 based on existing technology or products.

[0048] During operation, the short-wavelength portion of sunlight generates photovoltaic power through the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21. The long-wavelength light passing through the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 is reflected by the photothermal reflector 1 to the photothermal collector 6 to provide heat energy. Therefore, by using the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21, the space behind the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 can be effectively utilized, improving the light energy utilization rate.

[0049] By uniformly hinged to the outer edge of the photothermal reflector 1, the amount of sunlight received by each bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 can be approximately equal, avoiding local over-generation or under-generation, and improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0050] Furthermore, the aforementioned photothermal reflector 1 is hinged to four bifacial photovoltaic cells 21. Therefore, the angle between the four bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 and the photothermal reflector 1 can be adjusted, thereby regulating the ratio of photovoltaic and photothermal power generation.

[0051] For example, when the angle between the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 and the photothermal reflector 1 is 0°, the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 completely covers the photothermal reflector 1, maximizing photovoltaic power generation and minimizing solar thermal power generation. This is suitable for cloudy days, early morning, evening, winter, or scenarios with high power demand. Taking the early morning scenario as an example, sunlight comes obliquely from the east and the sun's angle is low. The controller first controls the tracking bracket 5 to rotate, so that the photothermal reflector 1 faces the sunlight. Next, the controller controls the first hinge 3 to rotate the bifacial photovoltaic module 2, so that the bifacial photovoltaic module 2 is stacked on the photothermal reflector 1. At this time, the short-wavelength light in the sunlight is absorbed by the bifacial photovoltaic module 2, maximizing photovoltaic power generation. Only the long-wavelength light that passes through is reflected by the photothermal reflector 1 to the photothermal collector 6, thus minimizing solar thermal power generation.

[0052] The above technical solution can be applied to microgrids or off-grid systems with high power demand. When the angle between the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 and the photothermal reflector 1 is 10° to 30°, the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 is partially deployed, and the photovoltaic power generation is still relatively high. Some short-wavelength light and the transmitted long-wavelength light are reflected by the photothermal reflector 1 to the photothermal collector 6, which gradually enhances the photothermal power generation.

[0053] The above technical solution is applicable to spring and autumn seasons with good sunshine, as well as to combined functional systems.

[0054] When the angle between the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 and the solar thermal reflector 1 is 30° to 60°, photovoltaic and solar thermal power generation are balanced, which is suitable for industrial or building energy supply systems that need to provide electricity and heat at the same time during the midday period when the sun is strong.

[0055] When the angle between the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 and the solar thermal reflector 1 is 60° to 120°, photovoltaic power generation decreases while solar thermal power generation increases significantly. This is suitable for high-temperature environments and areas with high winter heating demand, such as solar heating systems in cold regions.

[0056] When the angle between the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 and the solar thermal reflector 1 is 120° to 180°, photovoltaic power generation is further reduced and solar thermal power generation is maximized, which is suitable for solar thermal power plants and high-temperature steam or thermal storage systems.

[0057] Based on real-time lighting conditions, the angle between the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 and the solar thermal reflector 1 can be dynamically adjusted under the action of the first hinge 3. When the temperature is low or the sunlight is strong, especially in winter, photovoltaic power generation plays a major role, and the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 tends to fold, prioritizing photovoltaic power generation. When the temperature is high or the sunlight is strong, the bifacial photovoltaic module 21 tends to unfold, prioritizing solar thermal power generation.

[0058] The first hinge 3 mentioned above is an electric hinge. The electric hinge is connected to the controller. The controller can receive information from sensors or weather forecasts, determine information such as the solar altitude angle, and then control the first hinge 3 to adjust the angle between the photovoltaic cell module 2 and the solar thermal reflector 1, so as to flexibly and adaptably adjust the power generation ratio of photovoltaic and solar thermal.

[0059] Those skilled in the art can select electric hinges and controllers based on common knowledge or actual circumstances. The controllers mentioned above can be MCUs (Microcontroller Units), PLCs (Programmable Logic Controllers), DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), etc.

[0060] It should be noted that although the solar thermal reflector 1 is illustrated as a rectangle in Embodiments 1 and 2, this is not the only example. Those skilled in the art can adjust the shape of the solar thermal reflector 1 according to actual conditions, such as a regular hexagon, a regular octagon, or a circle. Correspondingly, the number of bifacial photovoltaic modules 2 can also be adjusted according to actual conditions.

[0061] When the solar thermal reflector 1 is designed as a rectangle, four bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 are connected to the four edges of the solar thermal reflector 1. For example... Figure 2 As shown, in Embodiment 1, the area of ​​each bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 can be one-quarter of the area of ​​the photothermal reflector 1. In the folded state, the four bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 completely cover the photothermal reflector 1, thereby maximizing photovoltaic power generation.

[0062] like Figure 3 As shown in Embodiment 2, the area of ​​any one set of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 arranged opposite each other can be half the area of ​​the photothermal reflector. In the folded state, the set of opposite bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 completely covers the photothermal reflector, which can avoid interference when the four bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 cover the photothermal reflector 1. Furthermore, the other set of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 does not need to cover the photothermal reflector 1, so the size of this set of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 can be increased according to the actual situation, thereby maximizing photovoltaic power generation.

[0063] Please see Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a third embodiment of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model. Figure 4 As shown, in Embodiment 3, based on Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, a flexible photovoltaic device is used to fabricate a bifacial photovoltaic cell 21, which enables the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 to have a foldable function.

[0064] Specifically, the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 can be made of flexible materials such as perovskite thin film. The bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 is folded in a Z-shape to form a retractable foldable structure. A linear slide rail 4 is provided at the bottom of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21. One end of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 is fixedly connected to the slider of the linear slide rail 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the guide rail of the linear slide rail 4. The bottom of the linear slide rail 4 is connected to the aforementioned first hinge 3.

[0065] In operation, the first hinge 3 can drive the linear slide rail 4 and the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 to rotate. In addition, the slider can drive one end of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 to move toward or away from the other end, thereby realizing the opening and folding of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21.

[0066] When the bifacial photovoltaic module is fully opened, it maximizes the reception of sunlight. As the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 is gradually folded, the solar thermal reflector 1 gradually receives sunlight, and the proportion of solar thermal power generation gradually increases. Thus, by adjusting the angle between the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 and the solar thermal reflector 1, the light-receiving area of ​​the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 can be further changed, optimizing the ratio of photovoltaic to solar thermal power generation.

[0067] Taking the morning scene as an example, as described above, the controller first controls the rotation of the tracking bracket 5 so that the photothermal reflector 1 faces the sunlight. Next, the controller controls the first hinge to drive the bifacial photovoltaic module 2 to rotate, so that the bifacial photovoltaic module 2 is stacked on the photothermal reflector 1. Finally, the controller controls the slider to drive the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 to open and fold, thereby adjusting the light-receiving area of ​​the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 and further optimizing the power generation ratio of photovoltaic and photothermal power.

[0068] Please see Figure 5 and 6, Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model; Figure 6 This is another structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 4 of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model. (See attached diagram.) Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each bifacial photovoltaic module 2 includes two bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 and two parallel linear slide rails 4, wherein the two parallel linear slide rails 4 are hinged to the photothermal reflector 1 through a first hinge 3.

[0069] Specifically, each of the two bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 is connected to a slider of one of the two linear slide rails 4, which are communicatively connected to a controller. In operation, the controller can control the sliders of the linear slide rails 4 to move the bifacial photovoltaic cells 21, allowing them to slide to either a fully overlapping state or a partially overlapping state (e.g.,...). Figure 5 (as shown) and completely staggered states (such as) Figure 6 (as shown in the figure), thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the light-receiving area of ​​the bifacial photovoltaic module 2.

[0070] Taking the morning scene as an example, as described above, the controller first controls the rotation of the tracking bracket 5 so that the solar thermal reflector 1 faces the sunlight. Next, the controller controls the first hinge to drive the bifacial photovoltaic module 2 to rotate, so that the bifacial photovoltaic module 2 is stacked on the solar thermal reflector 1. Finally, the controller controls the sliders of the two linear guide rails 4 to make the bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 overlap or stagger, thereby adjusting the light-receiving area of ​​the bifacial photovoltaic module 2 and further optimizing the power generation ratio of photovoltaic and solar thermal.

[0071] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 , Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 5 of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a front view of Embodiment 5 of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model. Figure 7 As shown, each bifacial photovoltaic module 2 includes multiple bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 and multiple second hinges 22, wherein the second hinges 22 are communicatively connected to the controller.

[0072] Specifically, such as Figure 7 As shown, taking the solar thermal reflector 1 as a rectangle as an example, each bifacial photovoltaic module includes three columns and two rows of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21. Of course, those skilled in the art can adjust the number of rows and columns. Two adjacent bifacial photovoltaic cells in each column are connected by a second hinge. The bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 closest to the solar thermal reflector are connected to the solar thermal reflector 1 by a first hinge 3.

[0073] In the folded state, the outer bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 is first folded together with the innermost bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 through the second hinge 22, and then covered onto the photothermal reflector 1 through the first hinge 3.

[0074] Or such as Figure 8 As shown, the two rows of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 rotate inward by 90° via the first hinge 3, and the outer bifacial photovoltaic cells rotate inward by 90° via the second hinge 22, forming an L-shaped structure, thereby forming a box shape with other bifacial photovoltaic modules 2, thus blocking sunlight and increasing the proportion of photovoltaic power generation.

[0075] When there are more rows of outer bifacial photovoltaic cells 21, they are folded in a Z-shape to the back side of the innermost bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 via the second hinge 22, and then rotated inward by 180° via the first hinge to cover the photothermal reflector 1.

[0076] Therefore, under the premise of covering the photothermal reflector 1, the technical solution of Embodiment 3, with its uniform grid arrangement, is not only suitable for the smaller-sized photothermal reflector 1, but also increases the light-receiving area of ​​the bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 when unfolded, thereby improving photovoltaic power generation. For areas with uniform sunlight, such as those with relatively stable sunlight conditions in spring and autumn, the grid-like uniform arrangement method of Embodiment 3 can be used to maximize photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0077] Please see Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment Six of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model. Figure 9 As shown, taking a circular solar thermal reflector 1 as an example, it includes six bifacial photovoltaic modules 2 evenly arranged around the solar thermal reflector 1. Each bifacial photovoltaic module 2 includes two arc-shaped bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 connected by a second hinge 22. The inner bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 are connected to the solar thermal reflector 1 by a first hinge 3. Of course, those skilled in the art can adjust the bifacial photovoltaic module 2 and the number of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 it includes.

[0078] The six inner bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 and the six outer bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 form two concentric circles, with the spacing between the six inner bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 being smaller than that between the six outer bifacial photovoltaic cells 21. That is, the density of the bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 in each concentric circle gradually increases as they approach the photothermal reflector 1, forming two gradually contracting concentric circles. Arranging more bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 in the area close to the photothermal reflector 1 maximizes the utilization of directly irradiated strong light. This makes it suitable for applications with large photothermal reflectors.

[0079] Please see Figure 10 , Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment Seven of the bifacial photovoltaic module of this utility model. Figure 10 As shown, taking a rectangular solar thermal reflector 1 as an example, it includes four bifacial photovoltaic modules 2 evenly arranged around the solar thermal reflector 1. Each bifacial photovoltaic module 2 includes two bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 hinged to the solar thermal reflector 1 via a first hinge 3, and two more bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 connected to each bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 via a second hinge 22. Of course, those skilled in the art can adjust the bifacial photovoltaic module 2 and the number of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 it includes.

[0080] The spacing between the eight inner bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 is greater than the spacing between the sixteen outer bifacial photovoltaic cells 21. That is, fewer bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 are arranged in the edge region of the photothermal reflector 1, where the light intensity is weaker, and fewer bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 can effectively utilize reflected light.

[0081] The above-described embodiments six and seven employ a non-uniform configuration, allowing selection based on the light intensity of each region of the photothermal reflector 1, thereby increasing power generation efficiency. Because the non-uniform configuration considers the light intensity of different regions, the controller adjusts the receiving area and power generation mode of the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 by controlling the first hinge 3 and the second hinge 22 to cope with different climate changes. Under strong sunlight, the bifacial photovoltaic cell 21 in the central region will receive more light, while under weak light conditions, the utilization rate of reflected light increases.

[0082] The angle and intensity of sunlight vary significantly across different geographical locations. Especially in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the sun's trajectory changes throughout the day and across different seasons. Therefore, different distribution strategies for bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 can be determined based on the orientation characteristics of the geographical location; that is, the number and spacing of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 in the corresponding bifacial photovoltaic module 2 can be adjusted according to the geographical location.

[0083] Option 1: Densely distributed bifacial photovoltaic cells facing south (applicable to the Northern Hemisphere).

[0084] In the Northern Hemisphere, the sun's trajectory generally begins in the southeast, gradually moves southward, and finally sets in the southwest. Therefore, south-facing areas in the Northern Hemisphere receive the most sunlight, especially in winter when the sun's angle is low and sunlight is more concentrated in the south. This applies particularly to regions like Europe, North America, and Asia, where winter daylight hours are short and the angle of sunlight is low.

[0085] Therefore, to maximize sunlight absorption, the bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 can be more densely distributed in the south-facing area, increasing the number of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 and reducing the spacing between them. The north-facing area can be moderately sparse. This design improves photovoltaic power generation efficiency under low-angle sunlight in winter and also optimizes space utilization.

[0086] Option 2: Densely distributed bifacial photovoltaic cells facing north (applicable to the Southern Hemisphere).

[0087] In the Southern Hemisphere, the sun rises in the northeast, gradually moves northward, and finally sets in the northwest. Therefore, north-facing areas receive the most sunlight in the Southern Hemisphere, especially in winter when the sun's angle is lower and sunlight is more concentrated in the north. Countries like Australia, New Zealand, and South America, which are suitable for environments with weaker winter sunlight, have an advantage in north-facing photovoltaic cell distribution.

[0088] Increase the density of bifacial photovoltaic cells 21 in the northern region of the solar thermal reflector 1 to maximize sunlight absorption. The density can be moderately sparse in the southern region.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An openable and closable photovoltaic-thermal coupled system, characterized in that, The application relates to a photovoltaic and photo-thermal power generation system, which comprises a photo-thermal collector, a plurality of open-close photovoltaic and photo-thermal mechanisms arranged around the photo-thermal collector, and a controller in communication connection with the plurality of open-close photovoltaic and photo-thermal mechanisms. Each open-close photovoltaic and photo-thermal mechanism comprises a photo-thermal reflector and a plurality of bifacial photovoltaic components hinged to the outer edge of the photo-thermal reflector through a first hinge. In the working state, the controller adjusts the included angle between the bifacial photovoltaic components and the photo-thermal reflector through the first hinge to adjust the power generation proportion of photovoltaic and photo-thermal.

2. The openable and closable photovoltaic and photo-thermal coupled system according to claim 1, wherein, Each bifacial photovoltaic component comprises two bifacial photovoltaic cells and two parallel linear sliding rails, wherein the two parallel linear sliding rails are hinged to the photo-thermal reflector through the first hinge, and the two linear sliding rails are in communication connection with the controller.

3. The openable and closable photovoltaic and photo-thermal coupled system according to claim 2, wherein, The two bifacial photovoltaic cells are connected with the sliding blocks of the two linear sliding rails in one-to-one correspondence. In the working state, the controller controls the sliding blocks to drive the bifacial photovoltaic cells to slide, so that the two bifacial photovoltaic cells are in a completely overlapped state, a partially overlapped state or a completely staggered state, to adjust the light receiving area of the bifacial photovoltaic component.

4. The openable and closable photovoltaic and photo-thermal coupled system according to claim 1, wherein, Each bifacial photovoltaic component comprises a linear sliding rail and a bifacial photovoltaic cell, wherein the bifacial photovoltaic cell is made of flexible material and forms a telescopic folding structure through Z-shaped folding; one end of the bifacial photovoltaic cell is fixedly connected with the sliding block of the linear sliding rail, and the other end is fixedly connected with a guide rail; and the bottom of the linear sliding rail is connected with the first hinge.

5. The openable photovoltaic-thermal hybrid system of claim 1, wherein, Each bifacial photovoltaic component comprises a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns of bifacial photovoltaic cells, adjacent two bifacial photovoltaic cells in each column are connected through a second hinge, and the bifacial photovoltaic cells close to the photo-thermal reflector are connected with the photo-thermal reflector through the first hinge, to form a grid-shaped uniform arrangement mode.

6. The openable photovoltaic-thermal hybrid system of claim 1, wherein, Each bifacial photovoltaic component comprises a plurality of uniformly arranged arc-shaped bifacial photovoltaic cells, each bifacial photovoltaic cell is hinged to the photo-thermal reflector through the first hinge, and each bifacial photovoltaic cell is further connected with one or more series-connected arc-shaped bifacial photovoltaic cells through the second hinge, to form a plurality of concentric circles, wherein the density of the bifacial photovoltaic cells in each concentric circle gradually decreases as the bifacial photovoltaic cells are closer to the photo-thermal reflector, to form a plurality of concentric circles gradually shrinking.

7. The openable and closable photovoltaic and photo thermal coupled system according to claim 1, wherein, The bifacial photovoltaic component comprises a plurality of uniformly arranged bifacial photovoltaic cells, each bifacial photovoltaic cell is hinged to the photo-thermal reflector through the first hinge, and each bifacial photovoltaic cell is further hinged to two or more bifacial photovoltaic cells through two or more second hinges, and the density of the bifacial photovoltaic cells gradually decreases as the bifacial photovoltaic cells are closer to the photo-thermal reflector.

8. The openable and closable photovoltaic and photo thermal coupled system according to claim 1, wherein, Each bifacial photovoltaic component comprises a plurality of bifacial photovoltaic cells, and the density of the bifacial photovoltaic cells is distributed according to the orientation characteristics of the geographical position.

9. The openable and closable photovoltaic and photo-thermal coupled system according to claim 8, wherein, In the northern hemisphere, the bifacial photovoltaic cell density is increased in the southern region of the photo-thermal reflector; and in the southern hemisphere, the bifacial photovoltaic cell density is increased in the northern region of the photo-thermal reflector.

10. The openable and closable photovoltaic and photo thermal coupled system according to claim 1, wherein, Each photo-thermal reflector is further connected with a tracking support.

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