Household optical heat storage integrated system

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic new energy, and discloses a household optical heat storage integrated system which comprises a PVT assembly, a water tank, a hybrid inverter, a household storage cabinet and a load. The PVT assembly and the load are electrically connected with the hybrid inverter, so that the PVT assembly supplies power to the load; the hybrid inverter is electrically connected with a household storage cabinet for storing redundant electric energy, and when the electric energy of the PVT assembly is insufficient, the household storage cabinet supplies power to a load; a switch I for switching on and switching off is arranged between the household storage cabinet and the hybrid inverter; a power grid is electrically connected between the hybrid inverter and the load, and when the stored power is insufficient, the power grid supplies power to the load; an anti-reflux device is arranged between the hybrid inverter and the power grid; the PVT assembly is provided with a full-channel structure allowing heat absorption liquid to flow and absorbing heat of the PVT assembly, and the inlet end and the outlet end of the full-channel structure communicate with the water tank to form a heat exchange circulation loop. The system can solve the problems of difficult electricity utilization, high electricity utilization rate and the like, reduces the electricity and water utilization cost, improves the photovoltaic power generation efficiency, is safer in electricity utilization, and facilitates the popularization and application of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic new energy technology, specifically to a household integrated photovoltaic-storage-thermal system. Background Technology

[0002] Traditionally manufactured photovoltaic (PV) modules mostly only have the function of generating electricity. However, during the PV power generation process, PV modules also convert some of the absorbed light energy into heat energy, causing the PV modules to heat up. If the temperature of the PV modules is too high, it will lead to an increase in the resistance of the semiconductor materials and accelerated aging of the PV modules, which in turn will lead to a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0003] To overcome the aforementioned heat rise defect of photovoltaic modules, existing technology, as shown in publication number CN115388484B, provides a photovoltaic direct-drive direct-expansion solar heat pump combined heat and power system, which includes: a control structure, an electrical supply subsystem, and a heat collection subsystem sharing a hot water storage tank. The electrical supply subsystem and the heat collection subsystem share a solar photovoltaic-thermal integrated module (PVT module). This PVT module converts absorbed solar energy into electrical energy, and its back-mounted flowing metal channels remove excess heat from the module surface to heat the hot water storage tank and cool the module. Furthermore, this power supply subsystem also includes: an off-grid and grid-connected photovoltaic inverter control unit and a solar photovoltaic energy storage gel battery. The off-grid and grid-connected photovoltaic inverter control unit's function is to prioritize supplying power to user loads with the electricity generated by the integrated solar photovoltaic and solar thermal modules when solar radiation is sufficient. Any surplus energy is stored in the solar photovoltaic energy storage gel battery. If there is still surplus energy after the solar photovoltaic energy storage gel battery is fully charged, it is then transmitted to the national grid. Conversely, when solar radiation is insufficient, the integrated solar photovoltaic and solar thermal modules may not be able to handle the user load. In this case, power is first drawn from the solar photovoltaic energy storage gel battery, and if there is still a shortage, the grid provides the power. This ensures uninterrupted power supply throughout the day.

[0004] However, the existing combined heat and power system shown in CN115388484B has at least the following drawbacks:

[0005] (1) In some countries and regions, surplus electricity generated by the user’s photovoltaic power generation is not allowed to be uploaded to the national grid (referred to as grid connection); however, this combined heat and power system needs to send surplus electricity to the grid, which restricts its application and promotion in countries and regions that do not allow surplus electricity to be uploaded to the grid, making it difficult to guarantee the safety of the system’s electricity consumption.

[0006] (2) This combined heat and power system has a complex structure and an unreasonable layout. Moreover, its grid-connected photovoltaic inverter is connected to the solar photovoltaic energy storage gel battery, the solar photovoltaic photothermal integrated module and the power grid respectively, but no power-off device is installed. When components such as the solar photovoltaic energy storage gel battery malfunction, it is not easy to cut off the power and carry out maintenance in a timely manner. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a residential integrated solar energy storage system.

[0008] Based on this, the present invention discloses a residential photovoltaic-storage-thermal integrated system, including a PVT module, a water tank, a hybrid inverter, a residential storage cabinet, and a load; the PVT module and the load are both electrically connected to the hybrid inverter so that the PVT module supplies power to the load; the hybrid inverter is also electrically connected to the residential storage cabinet for storing excess electrical energy of the PVT module, so that the residential storage cabinet supplies power to the load when the electrical energy of the PVT module is insufficient; a power switch is provided between the residential storage cabinet and the hybrid inverter;

[0009] The hybrid inverter is also electrically connected to the power grid, so that the power grid supplies power to the load when the power of the household storage cabinet is insufficient; the hybrid inverter is also equipped with an anti-backflow device to prevent excess power from being fed into the grid.

[0010] The PVT assembly is equipped with a full-channel structure for the flow of heat-absorbing liquid and the absorption of heat from the PVT assembly. The outlet and inlet ends of the full-channel structure are connected to a water tank to form a circulation loop for the flow of heat-absorbing liquid and heat exchange.

[0011] Preferably, a second power switch is provided between the hybrid inverter and the anti-reverse current device; a third power switch is also provided between the hybrid inverter and the load.

[0012] Preferably, the hybrid inverter is communicatively connected to an external cloud platform.

[0013] Preferably, the full-channel structure includes a substrate located on the back of the PVT component and a plurality of interconnected steel pipes disposed on the upper surface of the substrate; the steel pipes are for the flow of heat-absorbing liquid, and the cross-section of the steel pipes is arc-shaped.

[0014] More preferably, the PVT module includes a base plate with a frame and photovoltaic glass located above the base plate. The photovoltaic glass is connected to the frame of the base plate to form an installation space, so that photovoltaic cells, encapsulation film, insulating heat-absorbing layer, full-channel structure and thermal insulation board can be stacked in the installation space from top to bottom.

[0015] More preferably, the photovoltaic glass is photovoltaic tempered glass; the encapsulating film is EVA encapsulating film; and the insulating heat-absorbing layer is a polyvinyl fluoride composite film.

[0016] Preferably, the water tank is electrically connected to an electric heating controller, which is electrically connected to a hybrid inverter to switch to electric heating when the water temperature in the water tank is insufficient.

[0017] More preferably, the water tank is an electrically heated water tank, which has an auxiliary electric heater electrically connected to the electric heating controller, and the auxiliary electric heater is equipped with a temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature.

[0018] Preferably, the heat-absorbing liquid is a 50% ethylene glycol solution; a pump is provided on the circulation loop, and the pump is electrically connected to the mixing inverter;

[0019] The water tank's outlet is connected to the user's water intake and shower device.

[0020] Preferably, the battery cells of the household storage cabinet are lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] (1) This household photovoltaic-storage-thermal integrated system combines the functions of photovoltaic power generation, energy storage, and thermal storage. It can meet the needs of household hot water and load, improve the utilization rate of new energy, and effectively reduce the cost of household electricity and water. During thermal storage, it can cool down the PVT modules, which helps to improve the photovoltaic power generation efficiency of the PVT modules. In response to the high electricity consumption of households, the high electricity prices of residents in some countries and regions, and some areas with power shortages, the system can achieve uninterrupted power supply throughout the day by coordinating photovoltaic power generation and energy storage with grid energy (i.e., the coordination of PVT modules, hybrid inverters, household storage cabinets, and the grid). This effectively solves the problems of difficult and expensive electricity use and can effectively reduce the cost of household electricity use.

[0023] (2) Moreover, setting up an anti-reverse current device to prevent the surplus electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation of the PVT module from being handed over to the grid can ensure that the current does not reverse, guarantee the safety of the system's electricity use, and enable the household photovoltaic-thermal integrated system to meet the requirements of countries and regions that do not allow surplus electricity to be connected to the grid. This is conducive to the application and promotion of the system. Furthermore, the photovoltaic power is not handed over to the grid, but is given priority to the load, which is more conducive to improving the efficiency of green electricity use and saving household electricity costs.

[0024] (3) A switch is installed between the household storage cabinet and the hybrid inverter. When the household storage cabinet malfunctions, the switch can be disconnected to promptly inspect and maintain the household storage cabinet, preventing the entire system from crashing and ensuring safer electricity use. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a residential photovoltaic-thermal energy storage integrated system according to this embodiment.

[0026] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the PVT component in this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the full-channel structure of the PVT component in this embodiment.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1. PVT module; 11. Photovoltaic glass; 12. Photovoltaic cell; 13. Encapsulating film; 14. Insulating heat-absorbing layer; 15. Full-channel structure; 151. Substrate; 152. Steel pipe; 16. Thermal insulation board; 17. Base plate; 171. Frame; 2. Circulation loop; 21. Water tank; 211. Auxiliary electric heater; 22. Pump; 3. User water intake; 4. Shower device; 5. Electric heating controller; 6. Hybrid inverter; 7. Household storage cabinet; 71. Switch 1; 8. Power grid; 81. Anti-backflow device; 82. Switch 2; 9. Load; 91. Switch 3; 10. Cloud platform. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Example

[0031] This embodiment describes a residential integrated solar-thermal storage system, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 The system includes a PVT module 1, a water tank 21, a hybrid inverter 6, a household storage cabinet 7, and a load 9. The PVT module 1 is electrically connected to the hybrid inverter 6, and the hybrid inverter 6 is electrically connected to the load 9. In this way, the PVT module 1 can generate photovoltaic power normally during the day and convert DC power into AC power through the hybrid inverter 6 to be used by the load 9.

[0032] Furthermore, the hybrid inverter 6 is also electrically connected to the household storage cabinet 7, and the battery cells of the household storage cabinet 7 are preferably lithium iron phosphate batteries. In this way, when there is sufficient sunlight, the excess electrical energy of the PVT module 1 is stored in the household storage cabinet 7 through the hybrid inverter 6. When the PVT module 1 generates insufficient power during cloudy or rainy weather or when the PVT module 1 cannot generate power at night, the household storage cabinet 7 releases the stored electrical energy and supplies it to the load 9 through the hybrid inverter 6, thus meeting the power supply needs of the household load 9.

[0033] Furthermore, the hybrid inverter 6 is electrically connected to the power grid 8 between itself and the load 9; thus, after the household storage cabinet 7 releases all the stored electrical energy, the remaining electrical energy is supplied by the power grid 8; that is, when the household storage cabinet 7 is short of electrical energy, the power grid 8 continues to supply power to the load 9.

[0034] Therefore, the household photovoltaic-storage-thermal integrated system of this embodiment can not only meet the normal power supply needs of load 9, but also meet the uninterrupted power demand throughout the day for households with high electricity consumption, some countries and regions with high electricity prices, and some power-deficient areas, through the coordinated cooperation of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage and grid energy 8, effectively solving the problems of difficult and expensive electricity use. At the same time, it can maximize the use of green electricity (i.e., the electricity generated by photovoltaic power generation by PVT module 1), improve the efficiency of green electricity use, and thus effectively reduce household electricity costs.

[0035] The hybrid inverter 6 is equipped with an anti-reverse current device 81 to prevent excess electricity from being fed into the grid. In many countries and regions overseas, residential photovoltaic-storage systems do not allow excess electricity to be fed into the grid (i.e., photovoltaic power from PVT modules 1 is not allowed to be supplied to the grid 8). To address this, the residential photovoltaic-storage-thermal integrated system in this embodiment is also equipped with an anti-reverse current device 81. When the anti-reverse current device 81 detects reverse current being supplied to the grid 8, its signal is transmitted to the hybrid inverter 6 to regulate the residential photovoltaic-storage-thermal integrated system, ensuring that no reverse current occurs, guaranteeing system power safety, and facilitating the application and promotion of this system in different countries and regions. Furthermore, the photovoltaic power is not supplied to the grid 8 but is prioritized for use by the load 9, which further improves the efficiency of green electricity use and saves household electricity costs.

[0036] Furthermore, the hybrid inverter 6 is also connected to an external cloud platform 10. Through the user terminal of the cloud platform 10, the power generation of the PVT module 1, the power consumption of the load 9, and the power storage of the household storage cabinet 7 can be monitored, and the operation status of the anti-reverse current device 81 can be controlled through the user terminal of the cloud platform 10.

[0037] The storage cabinet 7 and the hybrid inverter 6 are connected by a power switch 71. Furthermore, the hybrid inverter 6 and the anti-reverse current device 81 are connected by a power switch 82; and the hybrid inverter 6 and the load 9 are connected by a power switch 91.

[0038] During normal operation of this residential solar-energy storage integrated system, switches 71 (1), 82 (2), and 91 (3) are all closed and energized. When the energy storage cabinet 7 malfunctions, disconnecting switch 71 allows for timely inspection and maintenance. Similarly, when the electrical equipment at load 9 malfunctions, disconnecting switches 82 and 91 allows for timely inspection and maintenance. Furthermore, when the PVT module 1 malfunctions, disconnecting switches 71, 82, and 91 allows for timely inspection and maintenance. This coordinated operation of switches 71, 82, and 91 ensures timely power disconnection and maintenance of any malfunctioning components, preventing system failure and promoting safer electricity use.

[0039] The PVT component 1 is provided with a full-channel structure 15 for the flow of heat-absorbing liquid and the absorption of heat from the PVT component 1. The outlet and inlet ends of the heat-absorbing liquid in the full-channel structure 15 are connected to the water tank 21 to form a circulation loop 2 for the flow of heat-absorbing liquid and heat exchange with the water in the water tank 21.

[0040] In practice, the heat-absorbing liquid is preferably a 50% ethylene glycol solution. A pump 22 is also provided on the circulation loop 2. The pump 22 is electrically connected to the hybrid inverter 6, and the power required for the operation of the pump 22 is provided by the output terminal EPS (critical load 9 interface) of the hybrid inverter 6.

[0041] During power generation, the PVT module 1 generates heat on its surface. This heat is absorbed by the ethylene glycol solution in the full-channel structure 15 on the back of the PVT module 1. The pump 22 circulates the higher-temperature ethylene glycol solution from the outlet of the full-channel structure 15 to the water tank 21, transferring the heat to the domestic water in the tank 21, raising the temperature of the domestic water in the tank 21 to above 40°C (e.g., 40-45°C). The outlet of the water tank 21 is connected to the user's water intake 3 and the shower device 4, allowing users to obtain hot water for domestic use through the user's water intake 3 or meet their family shower needs through the shower device 4. Compared to traditional electric heaters or natural gas heating, this can reduce living costs to some extent. Moreover, the heat absorbed by the surface of the PVT module 1 also helps to cool the PVT module 1, which helps to improve the power generation efficiency of the PVT module 1.

[0042] Furthermore, the water tank 21 is electrically connected to an electric heating controller 5, which is electrically connected to a hybrid inverter 6, to switch to electric heating when the water temperature in the water tank 21 is insufficient. The water tank 21 is an electrically heated water tank, and it contains an auxiliary electric heater 211 electrically connected to the electric heating controller 5. The auxiliary electric heater 211 is equipped with a temperature sensor for measuring water temperature. In rainy weather or at night, the heat absorbed by the PVT component 1 by the ethylene glycol solution may not be enough to heat the water in the water tank 21 to above 40°C. In this case, electrical energy passes sequentially through the hybrid inverter 6, the electric heating controller 5, and the auxiliary electric heater 211 to electrically heat the domestic water in the water tank 21. The temperature sensor detects and heats the water in the water tank 21 to above 40°C to meet the needs of daily hot water use, showering, etc. In practice, the electrical energy for the auxiliary electric heater 211 is also provided by the output EPS of the hybrid inverter 6.

[0043] Therefore, the household photovoltaic-thermal energy storage integrated system of this embodiment can be configured according to the user's electricity and water consumption. It can simultaneously realize photovoltaic power generation, electricity storage and thermal energy storage to meet the needs of uninterrupted household hot water and load 9 throughout the day. It can also improve the utilization rate of new energy, effectively reduce the cost of household electricity and water, and cool down the PVT module 1, which helps to improve the power generation efficiency of the PVT module 1. It is also safer to use electricity, which helps the system to be applied and promoted in different countries and regions.

[0044] See Figure 1-2 The PVT module 1 includes a base plate 17 and photovoltaic glass 11. The base plate 17 has a frame 171 around its four edges. The photovoltaic glass 11 is located above the base plate 17. The frame 171 of the base plate 17 is connected to the photovoltaic glass 11 to jointly enclose an installation space, so that photovoltaic cells 12, encapsulating film 13, insulating heat-absorbing layer 14, full-channel structure 15, and thermal insulation board 16 can be stacked sequentially from top to bottom within the installation space. When the ethylene glycol solution in the full-channel structure 15 absorbs heat, the thermal insulation board 16 can effectively reduce the heat loss absorbed by the ethylene glycol solution.

[0045] In this embodiment, the PVT module 1 is connected to the photovoltaic glass 11 via the frame 171 of the base plate 17, together forming an installation space for encapsulation of other layers. Furthermore, compared to existing PVT modules, the front side (i.e., the upper surface, also called the light-receiving surface) of the photovoltaic cell 12 in this embodiment does not have an encapsulating film 13 to prevent the encapsulating film 13 from absorbing or consuming some sunlight. Therefore, the PVT module 1 in this embodiment allows more sunlight to reach the front side of the photovoltaic cell 12, thereby allowing the photovoltaic cell 12 to absorb more sunlight, which helps to further improve the power generation efficiency of the PVT module 1. Moreover, the structure of the PVT module 1 in this embodiment is simpler and the cost is lower.

[0046] In practice, photovoltaic glass 11 is preferably photovoltaic tempered glass; encapsulating film 13 is preferably EVA encapsulating film; and insulating heat-absorbing layer 14 is preferably polyvinyl fluoride composite film (TPT film).

[0047] See Figure 2-3 The full-channel structure 15 includes a substrate 151 located on the back of the PVT assembly 1 and a plurality of interconnected steel pipes 152 disposed on the upper surface of the substrate 151. The steel pipes 152 are supplied with an endothermic liquid (i.e., an ethylene glycol solution), and the cross-section of the steel pipes 152 is arc-shaped (preferably semi-circular). Compared with existing copper pipes with circular cross-sections, the full-channel structure 15 of this embodiment uses arc-shaped steel pipes 152, which can further reduce costs.

[0048] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0049] The technical solution provided by this utility model has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A household light and heat integrated system, characterized in that, The PVT assembly, the water tank, the hybrid inverter, the household storage cabinet and the load are connected to each other in an electrical manner, so that the PVT assembly supplies power to the load, the hybrid inverter is further connected to the household storage cabinet for storing excess power of the PVT assembly, and the household storage cabinet supplies power to the load when the power of the PVT assembly is insufficient; a switch one is arranged between the household storage cabinet and the hybrid inverter to control the power supply; The hybrid inverter and the load are further connected to the power grid in an electrical manner, so that the power grid supplies power to the load when the power of the household storage cabinet is insufficient; a reverse current prevention device is further arranged between the hybrid inverter and the power grid to prevent excess power from being fed back to the power grid; The PVT assembly is provided with a full-channel structure for flowing and absorbing heat of the PVT assembly, and the outlet end and the inlet end of the full-channel structure are connected to the water tank to form a circulating loop for flowing and exchanging heat of the heat-absorbing liquid.

2. The home light-heat integrated system according to claim 1, wherein, A switch two is further arranged between the hybrid inverter and the reverse current prevention device, and a switch three is further arranged between the hybrid inverter and the load.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein the system is characterized by: The hybrid inverter is in communication connection with an external cloud platform.

4. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The full-channel structure includes a substrate located at the back of the PVT assembly and a plurality of steel pipes arranged on the upper surface of the substrate and connected to each other; the steel pipes are used for flowing the heat-absorbing liquid, and the cross section of the steel pipes is in the shape of an arc.

5. The system according to claim 1 or 4, wherein, The PVT assembly includes a bottom plate with a frame and a photovoltaic glass located above the bottom plate; the photovoltaic glass is connected to the frame of the bottom plate to jointly form a mounting space, so that the photovoltaic cell, the encapsulating adhesive film, the insulating heat-absorbing layer, the full-channel structure and the heat insulation plate are sequentially stacked in the mounting space from top to bottom.

6. The system according to claim 5, wherein the system is a household light and heat integrated system. The photovoltaic glass is a photovoltaic tempered glass; the encapsulating adhesive film is an EVA encapsulating adhesive film; and the insulating heat-absorbing layer is a polyvinyl fluoride composite film.

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the system is a household system. The water tank is electrically connected to an electric heating controller, and the electric heating controller is electrically connected to the hybrid inverter to convert into electric heating when the water temperature in the water tank is insufficient.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the system is a household light and heat integrated system. The water tank is an electric heating water tank, and the electric heating water tank has an auxiliary electric heater electrically connected to the electric heating controller, and the auxiliary electric heater is provided with a temperature sensor for measuring the water temperature.

9. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The heat-absorbing liquid is a 50% ethylene glycol solution; and a pump is arranged on the circulating loop and electrically connected to the hybrid inverter. The water outlet of the water tank is connected to a user water taking end and a shower device.

10. The system according to claim 1, wherein, The electric core of the household storage cabinet adopts a lithium iron phosphate battery.

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