Catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor for lubricating oil

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lubricating oil catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor which comprises a reaction kettle body, a kettle body cover is assembled at the top of the reaction kettle body in a sealing manner, a catalyst bed layer is arranged in the reaction kettle body, and a hydrogen inlet for hydrogen to enter and a lubricating oil inlet for lubricating oil to enter are formed in the kettle body cover; a distributor which is positioned above the catalyst bed layer and is used for uniformly distributing hydrogen and lubricating oil is arranged in the kettle body cover; the catalyst bed layer comprises an upper catalyst layer, a middle catalyst layer and a lower catalyst layer which are arranged from top to bottom and are used for layering sulfide in lubricating oil, and the average pore sizes of the upper catalyst layer, the middle catalyst layer and the lower catalyst layer are gradually reduced; the outer wall of the reaction kettle body is coated with a heating jacket for ensuring the reaction temperature in the reaction kettle body. The desulfurization device can ensure the desulfurization effect and improve the reaction efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to lubricating oil processing technical field, concretely relates to a lubricating oil catalytic hydrogenation desulfurization reactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The sulfides in lubricating oil can cause corrosion and other adverse effects on mechanical equipment, reducing the service performance and life of lubricating oil. Catalytic hydrogenation desulfurization is an effective method for removing sulfides in lubricating oil, but the existing reactor has some deficiencies in the mixing distribution of lubricating oil and hydrogen, the setting of the catalyst layer, and the control of the reaction temperature, resulting in suboptimal desulfurization effect and low reaction efficiency. Therefore, an improved lubricating oil catalytic hydrogenation desulfurization reactor is needed to solve the problems in the prior art. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a lubricating oil catalytic hydrogenation desulfurization reactor to ensure the desulfurization effect and improve the reaction efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A lubricating oil catalytic hydrogenation desulfurization reactor, comprising a reactor body, a body cover is sealingly assembled on the top of the reactor body, and a catalyst bed is arranged inside the reactor body, wherein a hydrogen inlet for entering hydrogen and a lubricating oil inlet for entering lubricating oil are arranged on the body cover; a distributor for uniformly distributing hydrogen and lubricating oil is arranged inside the body cover above the catalyst bed; the catalyst bed comprises an upper catalyst layer, a middle catalyst layer, and a lower catalyst layer arranged from top to bottom and used for layered treatment of sulfides in lubricating oil, and the average pore size of the upper catalyst layer, the middle catalyst layer, and the lower catalyst layer gradually decreases; the outer wall of the reactor body is coated with a heating jacket for ensuring the reaction temperature in the reactor body.

[0006] Preferably, the distributor comprises a plurality of horizontally arranged annular distribution pipes, each annular distribution pipe is arranged in a circle and spaced apart and divided into alternately arranged lubricating oil distribution pipes and hydrogen distribution pipes; each lubricating oil distribution pipe is in communication with the lubricating oil inlet, and the side wall of the lubricating oil distribution pipe facing the catalyst bed is uniformly provided with an oil outlet in the circumferential direction, and an atomizing nozzle is arranged on the oil outlet; each hydrogen distribution pipe is in communication with the hydrogen inlet, and the side wall of the hydrogen distribution pipe close to the lubricating oil distribution pipe is uniformly provided with a gas outlet pipe in communication with the lubricating oil distribution pipe in the circumferential direction, and the gas outlet pipe is inclined towards the adjacent lubricating oil distribution pipe.

[0007] Preferably, the atomizing nozzles on the adjacent lubricating oil distribution pipes and the gas outlet pipes on the hydrogen distribution pipes are arranged alternately.

[0008] Preferably, the heating jacket has a heat medium inlet at the bottom and a heat medium outlet at the top.

[0009] Preferably, the vessel cover is provided with a thermometer sleeve that passes through the distributor and is used to install a thermometer.

[0010] Preferably, a heat insulation layer is provided between the heating jacket and the reactor body.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the reactor body is provided with a discharge port.

[0012] The technological advancements achieved by this utility model are as follows, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions.

[0013] This invention features a distributor that allows for uniform mixing of feedstock oil and hydrogen, improving reaction efficiency; a catalyst bed that enables stratified treatment of sulfides, enhancing desulfurization efficiency and catalyst utilization; and a heating jacket combined with an insulation layer that allows for precise temperature control and reduced heat loss. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the distributor structure of this utility model.

[0016] The components are: 1. Reactor body, 11. Heating jacket, 111. Heat medium inlet, 112. Heat medium outlet, 12. Discharge port, 2. Reactor body cover, 21. Hydrogen inlet, 22. Lubricating oil inlet, 3. Distributor, 31. Lubricating oil distribution pipe, 32. Atomizing nozzle, 33. Hydrogen distribution pipe, 34. Gas outlet pipe, 4. Catalyst bed, 41. Upper catalyst bed, 42. Middle catalyst bed, 43. Lower catalyst bed, 5. Thermometer sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] A lubricating oil catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor, combined with Figure 1 As shown, the reactor includes a reactor body 1, with a reactor body cover 2 sealed to the top. A catalyst bed 4 is arranged inside the reactor body 1. The reactor body cover 2 is provided with a hydrogen inlet 21 and a lubricating oil inlet 22. The hydrogen inlet 21 is used to introduce hydrogen, and the lubricating oil inlet 22 is used to introduce lubricating oil. The hydrogen inlet 21 and the lubricating oil inlet 22 provide the necessary raw material input channels for the reaction.

[0019] A distributor 3 is installed inside the vessel cover 2, located above the catalyst bed 4. The distributor 3 is used to uniformly distribute hydrogen and lubricating oil. Figure 2 As shown, the distributor 3 includes several horizontally arranged annular distribution pipes, each annularly arranged in concentric rings and divided into alternating lubricating oil distribution pipes 31 and hydrogen distribution pipes 33. Each lubricating oil distribution pipe 31 is connected to a lubricating oil inlet 22, and each lubricating oil distribution pipe 31 has an oil outlet evenly arranged circumferentially on its sidewall facing the catalyst bed 4. An atomizing nozzle 32 is installed on each oil outlet to atomize and evenly spray the lubricating oil. Each hydrogen distribution pipe 33 is connected to a hydrogen inlet 21, and each hydrogen distribution pipe 33 has a gas outlet 34 evenly arranged circumferentially on its sidewall near the lubricating oil distribution pipe 31. The gas outlet 34 is connected to the lubricating oil distribution pipe 31, and it is inclined towards the adjacent lubricating oil distribution pipe 31. This design facilitates thorough mixing of hydrogen and lubricating oil before entering the catalyst bed 4, improving the reaction efficiency. Furthermore, the atomizing nozzles 32 on the adjacent lubricating oil distribution pipes 31 and the gas outlet pipes 34 on the hydrogen distribution pipes 33 are staggered to make the mixing of lubricating oil and hydrogen more uniform.

[0020] The catalyst bed 4 comprises an upper catalyst layer 41, a middle catalyst layer 42, and a lower catalyst layer 43 arranged from top to bottom. These three layers are used to stratify sulfides in the lubricating oil, and their average pore size gradually decreases. This stratified structure allows for targeted catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactions at different catalyst layers based on the molecular size and reaction characteristics of different sulfides, thereby improving desulfurization efficiency and effectiveness.

[0021] The outer wall of the reactor body 1 is covered by a heating jacket 11, which is used to maintain the reaction temperature inside the reactor body 1. A heat medium inlet 111 is provided at the bottom of the heating jacket 11, and a heat medium outlet 112 is provided at the top of the heating jacket 11. The reactor body 1 can be heated or kept warm by the circulation of the heat medium within the jacket to maintain the suitable temperature required for the reaction. To reduce heat loss, an insulation layer can also be provided between the heating jacket 11 and the reactor body 1.

[0022] A thermometer sleeve 5 is installed on the reactor body cover 2, passing through the distributor 3. The thermometer sleeve 5 is used to install a thermometer, which facilitates real-time monitoring of the temperature inside the reactor body 1, so as to better control the reaction conditions. A discharge port 12 is provided at the bottom of the reactor body 1 to facilitate the discharge of the reaction products. Valves are respectively provided on the discharge port 12, the hydrogen inlet 21, and the lubricating oil inlet 22.

[0023] In use, the upper catalyst layer 41, the middle catalyst layer 42, and the lower catalyst layer 43 are first loaded into the reactor body 1 in sequence, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the catalyst bed 4 during the loading process. Then, the reactor body cover 2 is assembled, and the hydrogen source and lubricating oil supply pipeline are connected through the hydrogen inlet 21 and the lubricating oil inlet 22, respectively.

[0024] When the reaction is started, the valves of hydrogen inlet 21 and lubricating oil inlet 22 are opened, and hydrogen and lubricating oil enter the hydrogen distribution pipe 33 and lubricating oil distribution pipe 31 in the distributor 3, respectively. Under pressure, the lubricating oil is atomized and sprayed out through the oil outlet on the side wall of the lubricating oil distribution pipe 31 and then through the atomizing nozzle 32. At the same time, hydrogen is sprayed out at an angle towards the adjacent lubricating oil distribution pipe 31 through the gas outlet pipe 34 of the hydrogen distribution pipe 33, so that the hydrogen and lubricating oil are fully mixed before entering the catalyst bed 4, forming a gas-liquid mixture that is evenly distributed on the catalyst bed 4.

[0025] The heating medium enters the heating jacket 11 through the heat medium inlet 111 and circulates within the jacket, transferring heat to the reactor body 1 and raising the temperature inside the reactor to the required reaction temperature. During the reaction, the temperature inside the reactor can be monitored in real time by a thermometer inside the thermometer sleeve 5, and the flow rate or temperature of the heating medium can be adjusted according to the temperature to ensure that the reaction proceeds under suitable temperature conditions.

[0026] Under the action of a catalyst, sulfides in lubricating oil undergo hydrodesulfurization. The reaction products accumulate at the bottom of reactor 1 and are discharged through outlet 12 for subsequent gas-liquid separation. This reactor design effectively improves the reaction efficiency and desulfurization effect of catalytic hydrodesulfurization of lubricating oil, reduces production costs, and has promising prospects for industrial application.

Claims

1. A catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor for lubricating oil, comprising a reactor body (1), a reactor body cover (2) sealed on the top of the reactor body (1), and a catalyst bed (4) disposed inside the reactor body (1), characterized in that: The vessel cover (2) is provided with a hydrogen inlet (21) for hydrogen to enter and a lubricating oil inlet (22) for lubricating oil to enter; the inside of the vessel cover (2) is provided with a distributor (3) located above the catalyst bed (4) for uniformly distributing hydrogen and lubricating oil; the catalyst bed (4) includes an upper catalyst layer (41), a middle catalyst layer (42) and a lower catalyst layer (43) arranged from top to bottom for stratifying sulfides in the lubricating oil, and the average pore size of the upper catalyst layer (41), the middle catalyst layer (42) and the lower catalyst layer (43) gradually decreases; the outer wall of the reactor body (1) is covered with a heating jacket (11) for ensuring the reaction temperature inside the reactor body (1).

2. The lubricating oil catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributor (3) includes several horizontally arranged annular distribution pipes, each annular distribution pipe is arranged in a ring-like pattern and is divided into alternating lubricating oil distribution pipes (31) and hydrogen distribution pipes (33); each lubricating oil distribution pipe (31) is connected to the lubricating oil inlet (22), and the side wall of the lubricating oil distribution pipe (31) facing the catalyst bed (4) is uniformly provided with an oil outlet along the circumference, and an atomizing nozzle (32) is provided on the oil outlet; each hydrogen distribution pipe (33) is connected to the hydrogen inlet (21), and the side wall of the hydrogen distribution pipe (33) near the lubricating oil distribution pipe (31) is uniformly provided with an outlet pipe (34) connected to the lubricating oil distribution pipe (31) along the circumference, and the outlet pipe (34) is inclined towards the adjacent lubricating oil distribution pipe (31).

3. The lubricating oil catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The atomizing nozzle (32) on the adjacent lubricating oil distribution pipe (31) and the gas outlet pipe (34) on the hydrogen distribution pipe (33) are arranged alternately.

4. The lubricating oil catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating jacket (11) has a heat medium inlet (111) at the bottom and a heat medium outlet (112) at the top.

5. The lubricating oil catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vessel cover (2) is provided with a distributor (3) and a thermometer sleeve (5) for installing a thermometer.

6. The lubricating oil catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat insulation layer is provided between the heating jacket (11) and the reactor body (1).

7. The lubricating oil catalytic hydrodesulfurization reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the reactor body (1) is provided with a discharge port (12).

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